RE: sundials and tower clocks
Hi Andrew et al, There is a picture of about 9 of the dials from Scottish lighthouses lined up on a wall (just before their sale in 1997) in BSS Bulletin 11(i), p. 49, February 1999. The story of the Bath Pump Room Tompion dial has been in the Bulletin too - all (sundial) life is there! Regards, John -- Dr J Davis Flowton Dials --- On Wed, 16/5/12, Andrew James andrew.ja...@securetogether.co.uk wrote: From: Andrew James andrew.ja...@securetogether.co.uk Subject: RE: sundials and tower clocks To: Sundial List sundial@uni-koeln.de Date: Wednesday, 16 May, 2012, 12:06 Dear John, Frank, Kevin, et al, I remember a letter from Charles Aked in Antiquarian Horology circa 1970 showing his son (then about 8?) at one of the Scottish lighthouse dials in situ. I believe they were all (?) sold off perhaps about 15 years ago and think I have a cutting somewhere from a newspaper article showing them in a sort of well ordered heap. Regarding the Tompion dial at the Pump Room, a letter in Horological Journal in I think March 1960 shows what is probably this dial, so actually it was “discovered” by that writer near Bath some years before Brigadier Neilson “found” it and presented it to the Pump Room. Regards Andrew James This message has been scanned for viruses by MailControl. Secure Meters (UK) Ltd. is a registered company in England: 2199653 Secure House, Moorside Road, Winchester , SO23 7RX This correspondence is confidential and solely for the intended recipient(s). If you are not the intended recipient, you must not use, disclose, copy, distribute or retain this message or any part of it. If you are not the intended recipient please delete this correspondence from your system and notify the sender immediately. -Inline Attachment Follows- --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
Re: sundials and tower clocks
Small point, John Davis asks why Scottish lighthouse keepers used EoT values engraved on their sundials. Lighthouse lights, like ships' lights, are lit from sunset to sunrise. An error of even as much as five minutes would not matter very much. Frank 55N 1W On 16/05/2012 11:14, JOHN DAVIS wrote: Dear Frank et al, Thank you for the extract from the General Order for lighthouse dials. The thing which surprises me is that it is the EoT value engraved on the sundial that is being taken as the correction figure, rather than one for the date in question published in the current Nautical Almanac. Clearly, only average accuracy could be achieved in this way. Regards, John --- Dr J Davis Flowton Dials --- On *Wed, 16/5/12, Frank Evans /frankev...@zooplankton.co.uk/* wrote: From: Frank Evans frankev...@zooplankton.co.uk Subject: re: sundials and tower clocks To: Sundial sundial@uni-koeln.de Date: Wednesday, 16 May, 2012, 11:01 Greetings, fellow dialists, I know of two particular instances where dials were used to regulate clocks. The first is the noon line of 1829 in the cloister of Durham Cathedral. Obviously its only purpose was to mark the time of noon for the purpose of correcting the Cathedral clocks. The second refers to lighthouses. In a book entitled From Scotland's Edge by Keith Allardyce and Evelyn M. Hood the following appears: Since a General Order of 29 January 1852, it has been the practice to have clocks set at local time calculated from sundial readings. The order is precise: The Lighthouse Timepiece is to be kept right, by observing, if possible, once a week, the indication of the Sun-dial, in the following manner:- The Principal Keeper shall go to the dial, when the sun is shining, and shall watch until the shadow of the style touches any hour, half hour or other time agreed before hand with the Assistant, who shall stand on the balcony, waiting a signal from the Principal. The Principal shall then make the signal, on seeing which, the Assistant shall immediately set the Timepiece to the time already agreed upon. The Principal shall then take a note from the Table of the Equation of Time engraved on the Sun-dial, of the number of minutes by which the clock should differ from the time given by the dial; and shall afterwards proceed at once to the Lightroom where he shall put the timepiece back or forward according as the Clock shall be slower or faster than the Sun at the time. Sundials were universal at lighthouses throughout the UK although they have not all survived, of course. Frank 55N 1W --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
RE: sundials and tower clocks
You mean to say a mariner couldn't determine his heading and range from the light by timing the sweep, compared to an atomic clock?!? Shocking. (. how spoiled we can get with modern navigational aids!) Dave _ From: sundial-boun...@uni-koeln.de [mailto:sundial-boun...@uni-koeln.de] On Behalf Of Frank Evans Sent: Thursday, May 17, 2012 3:37 AM To: JOHN DAVIS; Sundial Subject: Re: sundials and tower clocks Small point, John Davis asks why Scottish lighthouse keepers used EoT values engraved on their sundials. Lighthouse lights, like ships' lights, are lit from sunset to sunrise. An error of even as much as five minutes would not matter very much. Frank 55N 1W On 16/05/2012 11:14, JOHN DAVIS wrote: Dear Frank et al, Thank you for the extract from the General Order for lighthouse dials. The thing which surprises me is that it is the EoT value engraved on the sundial that is being taken as the correction figure, rather than one for the date in question published in the current Nautical Almanac. Clearly, only average accuracy could be achieved in this way. Regards, John --- Dr J Davis Flowton Dials --- On Wed, 16/5/12, Frank Evans mailto:frankev...@zooplankton.co.uk frankev...@zooplankton.co.uk wrote: From: Frank Evans mailto:frankev...@zooplankton.co.uk frankev...@zooplankton.co.uk Subject: re: sundials and tower clocks To: Sundial mailto:sundial@uni-koeln.de sundial@uni-koeln.de Date: Wednesday, 16 May, 2012, 11:01 Greetings, fellow dialists, I know of two particular instances where dials were used to regulate clocks. The first is the noon line of 1829 in the cloister of Durham Cathedral. Obviously its only purpose was to mark the time of noon for the purpose of correcting the Cathedral clocks. The second refers to lighthouses. In a book entitled From Scotland's Edge by Keith Allardyce and Evelyn M. Hood the following appears: Since a General Order of 29 January 1852, it has been the practice to have clocks set at local time calculated from sundial readings. The order is precise: The Lighthouse Timepiece is to be kept right, by observing, if possible, once a week, the indication of the Sun-dial, in the following manner:- The Principal Keeper shall go to the dial, when the sun is shining, and shall watch until the shadow of the style touches any hour, half hour or other time agreed before hand with the Assistant, who shall stand on the balcony, waiting a signal from the Principal. The Principal shall then make the signal, on seeing which, the Assistant shall immediately set the Timepiece to the time already agreed upon. The Principal shall then take a note from the Table of the Equation of Time engraved on the Sun-dial, of the number of minutes by which the clock should differ from the time given by the dial; and shall afterwards proceed at once to the Lightroom where he shall put the timepiece back or forward according as the Clock shall be slower or faster than the Sun at the time. Sundials were universal at lighthouses throughout the UK although they have not all survived, of course. Frank 55N 1W --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
re: sundials and tower clocks
Greetings, fellow dialists, I know of two particular instances where dials were used to regulate clocks. The first is the noon line of 1829 in the cloister of Durham Cathedral. Obviously its only purpose was to mark the time of noon for the purpose of correcting the Cathedral clocks. The second refers to lighthouses. In a book entitled From Scotland's Edge by Keith Allardyce and Evelyn M. Hood the following appears: Since a General Order of 29 January 1852, it has been the practice to have clocks set at local time calculated from sundial readings. The order is precise: The Lighthouse Timepiece is to be kept right, by observing, if possible, once a week, the indication of the Sun-dial, in the following manner:- The Principal Keeper shall go to the dial, when the sun is shining, and shall watch until the shadow of the style touches any hour, half hour or other time agreed before hand with the Assistant, who shall stand on the balcony, waiting a signal from the Principal. The Principal shall then make the signal, on seeing which, the Assistant shall immediately set the Timepiece to the time already agreed upon. The Principal shall then take a note from the Table of the Equation of Time engraved on the Sun-dial, of the number of minutes by which the clock should differ from the time given by the dial; and shall afterwards proceed at once to the Lightroom where he shall put the timepiece back or forward according as the Clock shall be slower or faster than the Sun at the time. Sundials were universal at lighthouses throughout the UK although they have not all survived, of course. Frank 55N 1W --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
re: sundials and tower clocks
Dear Frank et al, Thank you for the extract from the General Order for lighthouse dials. The thing which surprises me is that it is the EoT value engraved on the sundial that is being taken as the correction figure, rather than one for the date in question published in the current Nautical Almanac. Clearly, only average accuracy could be achieved in this way. Regards, John --- Dr J Davis Flowton Dials --- On Wed, 16/5/12, Frank Evans frankev...@zooplankton.co.uk wrote: From: Frank Evans frankev...@zooplankton.co.uk Subject: re: sundials and tower clocks To: Sundial sundial@uni-koeln.de Date: Wednesday, 16 May, 2012, 11:01 Greetings, fellow dialists, I know of two particular instances where dials were used to regulate clocks. The first is the noon line of 1829 in the cloister of Durham Cathedral. Obviously its only purpose was to mark the time of noon for the purpose of correcting the Cathedral clocks. The second refers to lighthouses. In a book entitled From Scotland's Edge by Keith Allardyce and Evelyn M. Hood the following appears: Since a General Order of 29 January 1852, it has been the practice to have clocks set at local time calculated from sundial readings. The order is precise: The Lighthouse Timepiece is to be kept right, by observing, if possible, once a week, the indication of the Sun-dial, in the following manner:- The Principal Keeper shall go to the dial, when the sun is shining, and shall watch until the shadow of the style touches any hour, half hour or other time agreed before hand with the Assistant, who shall stand on the balcony, waiting a signal from the Principal. The Principal shall then make the signal, on seeing which, the Assistant shall immediately set the Timepiece to the time already agreed upon. The Principal shall then take a note from the Table of the Equation of Time engraved on the Sun-dial, of the number of minutes by which the clock should differ from the time given by the dial; and shall afterwards proceed at once to the Lightroom where he shall put the timepiece back or forward according as the Clock shall be slower or faster than the Sun at the time. Sundials were universal at lighthouses throughout the UK although they have not all survived, of course. Frank 55N 1W --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
RE: sundials and tower clocks
Dear John, Frank, Kevin, et al, I remember a letter from Charles Aked in Antiquarian Horology circa 1970 showing his son (then about 8?) at one of the Scottish lighthouse dials in situ. I believe they were all (?) sold off perhaps about 15 years ago and think I have a cutting somewhere from a newspaper article showing them in a sort of well ordered heap. Regarding the Tompion dial at the Pump Room, a letter in Horological Journal in I think March 1960 shows what is probably this dial, so actually it was discovered by that writer near Bath some years before Brigadier Neilson found it and presented it to the Pump Room. Regards Andrew James This message has been scanned for viruses by MailControl http://www.mailcontrol.com/ . Secure Meters (UK) Ltd. is a registered company in England: 2199653 Secure House, Moorside Road, Winchester, SO23 7RX This correspondence is confidential and solely for the intended recipient(s). If you are not the intended recipient, you must not use, disclose, copy, distribute or retain this message or any part of it. If you are not the intended recipient please delete this correspondence from your system and notify the sender immediately. --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
RE: Sundials and tower clocks
Dear Darek, I seem to remember that there is also a sundial to regulate the clock that is inside the Assembly Rooms at Bath. The dial is visible through the window of the room. Best wishes, Jackie Jones 50° 50 09 N.0° 07 40 W. -Original Message- From: sundial-boun...@uni-koeln.de [mailto:sundial-boun...@uni-koeln.de] On Behalf Of John Foad Sent: 13 May 2012 09:38 To: Darek Oczki; sundial@uni-koeln.de Subject: Re: Sundials and tower clocks Dear Darek, I think there are many examples to document the use of dials to set the clock. One is a horizontal at the top of the church tower at Benenden in Kent, inscribed 'This dial was given by Thos Law Hodges Esq/Anno Domini 1819 for the Regulation/of the clock in the Parish Church of / Benenden Lat 51d 3m 54s'. Another is on a ledge of the tower at Southwell Minster in Nottinghamshire, visible through a window from the clock chamber, but not from the ground. I would be interested to hear of any other examples. In a book 'Amusing Reminiscences of Victorian Times and of Today' by a clockmaker, John Neve Masters, we read When I was a boy in the eighteen-fifties there were two clockmakers in Tenterden, and part of their business was to ascertain the exact time occasionally, which in those days was taken from sun-dials; so my father and the other 'clock-smiths' (as they were called then) used to go to the church porch, on which was a sun-dial, to 'take the time' . Regards, John -Original Message- From: Darek Oczki Sent: Sunday, May 13, 2012 9:02 AM To: sundial@uni-koeln.de Subject: Sundials and tower clocks Dear Diallists It is daid that in some point in history sundials co-existed with clocks. We even say those sundials were used to set the right time on clocks and personal watches. Do we have any iconographic evidence for that? There is of course that famous drawing from Bedos de Celles (attached - Scan0237.jpg) of a group of gentlemen setting their watches by a vertical noon dial. But I would particularly like to find some examples of setting tower clocks. In a book about time in general available in Poland (Ludwik Zajdler - Dzieje zegara) there is this drawing said to be of Flemish source (attached - Scan0236.jpg) depicting a clock master adjusting a tower clock according to sundial readings. Does anyone know the exact source of this one, please? Are there any other known examples? In Europe we have many cases of public buildings having both a sundial and a tower clock. However it seems most unlikely that these sundials were used for setting the clocks - usually one could not see them from the clock mechanism spot and reading it and adjusting would require two men and a walkie-talkie :). I would rather say there had to be another, pehaps much smaller sundial (portable?) for use of a clock master. These grand sundials were used more as an alternative for clocks in case of some kind of mulfunction. Any comments would be most welcome. Thank you. -- Best regards Darek Oczki 52N 21E Warsaw, Poland GNOMONIKA.pl Sundials in Poland http://gnomonika.pl --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
RE: Sundials and tower clocks
I can confirm that. The clock and dial are by Thomas Tompion and the clock has an equation of time correction built in. David Brown Somerton, Somerset, UK Jackie Jones Dear Darek, I seem to remember that there is also a sundial to regulate the clock that is inside the Assembly Rooms at Bath. The dial is visible through the window of the room. Best wishes, Jackie Jones 50° 50 09 N.0° 07 40 W. -Original Message- From: sundial-boun...@uni-koeln.de [mailto:sundial-boun...@uni-koeln.de] On Behalf Of John Foad Sent: 13 May 2012 09:38 To: Darek Oczki; sundial@uni-koeln.de Subject: Re: Sundials and tower clocks Dear Darek, I think there are many examples to document the use of dials to set the clock. One is a horizontal at the top of the church tower at Benenden in Kent, inscribed 'This dial was given by Thos Law Hodges Esq/Anno Domini 1819 for the Regulation/of the clock in the Parish Church of / Benenden Lat 51d 3m 54s'. Another is on a ledge of the tower at Southwell Minster in Nottinghamshire, visible through a window from the clock chamber, but not from the ground. I would be interested to hear of any other examples. In a book 'Amusing Reminiscences of Victorian Times and of Today' by a clockmaker, John Neve Masters, we read When I was a boy in the eighteen-fifties there were two clockmakers in Tenterden, and part of their business was to ascertain the exact time occasionally, which in those days was taken from sun-dials; so my father and the other 'clock-smiths' (as they were called then) used to go to the church porch, on which was a sun-dial, to 'take the time' . Regards, John -Original Message- From: Darek Oczki Sent: Sunday, May 13, 2012 9:02 AM To: sundial@uni-koeln.de Subject: Sundials and tower clocks Dear Diallists It is daid that in some point in history sundials co-existed with clocks. We even say those sundials were used to set the right time on clocks and personal watches. Do we have any iconographic evidence for that? There is of course that famous drawing from Bedos de Celles (attached - Scan0237.jpg) of a group of gentlemen setting their watches by a vertical noon dial. But I would particularly like to find some examples of setting tower clocks. In a book about time in general available in Poland (Ludwik Zajdler - Dzieje zegara) there is this drawing said to be of Flemish source (attached - Scan0236.jpg) depicting a clock master adjusting a tower clock according to sundial readings. Does anyone know the exact source of this one, please? Are there any other known examples? In Europe we have many cases of public buildings having both a sundial and a tower clock. However it seems most unlikely that these sundials were used for setting the clocks - usually one could not see them from the clock mechanism spot and reading it and adjusting would require two men and a walkie-talkie :). I would rather say there had to be another, pehaps much smaller sundial (portable?) for use of a clock master. These grand sundials were used more as an alternative for clocks in case of some kind of mulfunction. Any comments would be most welcome. Thank you. -- Best regards Darek Oczki 52N 21E Warsaw, Poland GNOMONIKA.pl Sundials in Poland http://gnomonika.pl --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
Re: Sundials and tower clocks
Dear Darek, I think there are many examples to document the use of dials to set the clock. One is a horizontal at the top of the church tower at Benenden in Kent, inscribed 'This dial was given by Thos Law Hodges Esq/Anno Domini 1819 for the Regulation/of the clock in the Parish Church of / Benenden Lat 51d 3m 54s'. Another is on a ledge of the tower at Southwell Minster in Nottinghamshire, visible through a window from the clock chamber, but not from the ground. I would be interested to hear of any other examples. In a book 'Amusing Reminiscences of Victorian Times and of Today' by a clockmaker, John Neve Masters, we read When I was a boy in the eighteen-fifties there were two clockmakers in Tenterden, and part of their business was to ascertain the exact time occasionally, which in those days was taken from sun-dials; so my father and the other 'clock-smiths' (as they were called then) used to go to the church porch, on which was a sun-dial, to 'take the time' . Regards, John -Original Message- From: Darek Oczki Sent: Sunday, May 13, 2012 9:02 AM To: sundial@uni-koeln.de Subject: Sundials and tower clocks Dear Diallists It is daid that in some point in history sundials co-existed with clocks. We even say those sundials were used to set the right time on clocks and personal watches. Do we have any iconographic evidence for that? There is of course that famous drawing from Bedos de Celles (attached - Scan0237.jpg) of a group of gentlemen setting their watches by a vertical noon dial. But I would particularly like to find some examples of setting tower clocks. In a book about time in general available in Poland (Ludwik Zajdler - Dzieje zegara) there is this drawing said to be of Flemish source (attached - Scan0236.jpg) depicting a clock master adjusting a tower clock according to sundial readings. Does anyone know the exact source of this one, please? Are there any other known examples? In Europe we have many cases of public buildings having both a sundial and a tower clock. However it seems most unlikely that these sundials were used for setting the clocks - usually one could not see them from the clock mechanism spot and reading it and adjusting would require two men and a walkie-talkie :). I would rather say there had to be another, pehaps much smaller sundial (portable?) for use of a clock master. These grand sundials were used more as an alternative for clocks in case of some kind of mulfunction. Any comments would be most welcome. Thank you. -- Best regards Darek Oczki 52N 21E Warsaw, Poland GNOMONIKA.pl Sundials in Poland http://gnomonika.pl --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
Re: Sundials and tower clocks
Dear Darek and John There is also Maxstoke Castle in the West Midlands (not often open to the public) where as I was told the horizontal dial on the front lawn was used to regulate the tower clock in the northernmost gatehouse tower. Ordinary domestic clock regulation by sundials was of course very much the fashion in the UK in the 1700s and 1800s. Regards Patrick From: John Foad Sent: Sunday, May 13, 2012 9:37 AM To: Darek Oczki ; sundial@uni-koeln.de Subject: Re: Sundials and tower clocks Dear Darek, I think there are many examples to document the use of dials to set the clock. One is a horizontal at the top of the church tower at Benenden in Kent, inscribed 'This dial was given by Thos Law Hodges Esq/Anno Domini 1819 for the Regulation/of the clock in the Parish Church of / Benenden Lat 51d 3m 54s'. Another is on a ledge of the tower at Southwell Minster in Nottinghamshire, visible through a window from the clock chamber, but not from the ground. I would be interested to hear of any other examples. In a book 'Amusing Reminiscences of Victorian Times and of Today' by a clockmaker, John Neve Masters, we read When I was a boy in the eighteen-fifties there were two clockmakers in Tenterden, and part of their business was to ascertain the exact time occasionally, which in those days was taken from sun-dials; so my father and the other 'clock-smiths' (as they were called then) used to go to the church porch, on which was a sun-dial, to 'take the time' . Regards, John -Original Message- From: Darek Oczki Sent: Sunday, May 13, 2012 9:02 AM To: sundial@uni-koeln.de Subject: Sundials and tower clocks Dear Diallists It is daid that in some point in history sundials co-existed with clocks. We even say those sundials were used to set the right time on clocks and personal watches. Do we have any iconographic evidence for that? There is of course that famous drawing from Bedos de Celles (attached - Scan0237.jpg) of a group of gentlemen setting their watches by a vertical noon dial. But I would particularly like to find some examples of setting tower clocks. In a book about time in general available in Poland (Ludwik Zajdler - Dzieje zegara) there is this drawing said to be of Flemish source (attached - Scan0236.jpg) depicting a clock master adjusting a tower clock according to sundial readings. Does anyone know the exact source of this one, please? Are there any other known examples? In Europe we have many cases of public buildings having both a sundial and a tower clock. However it seems most unlikely that these sundials were used for setting the clocks - usually one could not see them from the clock mechanism spot and reading it and adjusting would require two men and a walkie-talkie :). I would rather say there had to be another, pehaps much smaller sundial (portable?) for use of a clock master. These grand sundials were used more as an alternative for clocks in case of some kind of mulfunction. Any comments would be most welcome. Thank you. -- Best regards Darek Oczki 52N 21E Warsaw, Poland GNOMONIKA.pl Sundials in Poland http://gnomonika.pl --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
Re: sundials and tower clocks
Hi Rheinhold, Amazing. I have been to Venice several times and have never seen it. Indeed this has to be as you say ‘the most visited and least noticed sundial in the world’! I shall most certainly look out for it when I go again! Thank you very much for that. Patrick From: Reinhold Kriegler Sent: Sunday, May 13, 2012 12:39 PM To: Sundial Mailingliste Subject: sundials and tower clocks Dear Patrick Powers, I also know such simple sundials to control the mechanical clocks in Spain (reported by Antonio Cañones) and in Italy (reported by Renzo Righi). In 2005 I have published a little article at DGC-Mitteilungen magazine about the sundial on a column of the Basilica San Marco in Venice, which was probably also once used to control the famous mechanical clock nearby … http://www.ta-dip.de/fileadmin/user_upload/bilder/8cce60c212c661239cdab2c4e1234728_Nr_101_San_Marco.pdf Ciao! Reinhold Kriegler * ** *** * ** *** Reinhold R. Kriegler Lat. 53° 6' 52,6 Nord; Long. 8° 53' 52,3 Ost; 48 m ü. N.N. GMT +1 (DST +2) www.ta-dip.de http://de.youtube.com/watch?v=XyCoJHwzzjUfmt=18 http://www.ta-dip.de/dies-und-das/r-e-i-n-h-o-l-d.html http://www.ta-dip.de/dies-und-das.html -Ursprüngliche Nachricht- Von: sundial-boun...@uni-koeln.de [mailto:sundial-boun...@uni-koeln.de] Im Auftrag von Patrick Powers Gesendet: Sonntag, 13. Mai 2012 13:07 An: John Foad; Darek Oczki; sundial@uni-koeln.de Betreff: Re: Sundials and tower clocks * ** *** * ** *** Reinhold R. Kriegler Lat. 53° 6' 52,6 Nord; Long. 8° 53' 52,3 Ost; 48 m ü. N.N. GMT +1 (DST +2) www.ta-dip.de http://www.ta-dip.de/dies-und-das/r-e-i-n-h-o-l-d.html http://www.ta-dip.de/salon-der-astronomen/bewohner-des-salons-der-astronomen.html --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial --- https://lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/sundial
