Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Keith Addison]

>Ran across this on another list, and thought people here would interested it.
>
>http://butanol.com/index.html
>http://www. 
>ilcorn.org/Corn_Products/Butanol/butanol.html
>
>Be interesting to see the information about BioDiesel made with butanol.
>
>Greg H.


People say fermenting for butanol makes serious stinks, not for those 
with noses or neighbours.

I don't think this happens anywhere outside a lab, but here's a 
patent for branched alkyl esters, biodiesel made with isopropanol or 
butanol using an enzyme process. Low CFPP, even with tallow. You'd 
think the industrial palm oil guys would be right into this if it 
were doable, but they don't seem to be doing it.

Best

Keith




http://164.195.100.11/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PAL 
L&p=1&u=/netahtml/srchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1='5,713,965'.WKU.&OS=PN/5 
,713,965&RS=PN/5,713,965
United States Patent: 5,713,965

( 1 of 1 )

United States Patent5,713,965
Foglia ,   et al.   February 3, 1998
Production of biodiesel, lubricants and fuel and lubricant additives

Abstract

A method is described which utilizes lipases to transesterify 
triglyceride-containing substances and to esterify free fatty acids 
to alkyl esters using short chain alcohols. The alkyl esters are 
useful as alternatives or additives to automotive fuels and 
lubricants. The method is particularly advantageous because it 
utilizes inexpensive feedstocks such as animal fats, vegetable oils, 
rendered fats and restaurant grease as substrates.

Inventors:  Foglia; Thomas A. (Lafayette Hill, PA); Nelson; Lloyd 
A. (Highstown, NJ); Marmer; William N. (Fort Washington, PA)
Assignee:   The United States of America as represented by the 
Secretary of (Washington, DC)
Appl. No.:  631498
Filed:  April 12, 1996

Current U.S. Class: 44/388; 435/134; 435/135; 435/198; 508/463
Intern'l Class: C10L 001/18; C12P 007/62
Field of Search:435/134,135,198 44/388

References Cited [Referenced By]

U.S. Patent Documents

4839287 Jun., 1989  Holmberg et al. 435/135.
4956286 Sep., 1990  Macrae  435/134.
4956287 Sep., 1990  Suzuki et al.   435/134.
5061498 Oct., 1991  Matsuzaki et al.435/135.
5219744 Jun., 1993  Kurashige et al.435/135.
5316927 May., 1994  Zaks et al. 435/198.
5480787 Jan., 1996  Negishi et al.  435/135.
5520708 May., 1996  Johnson et al.  44/388.
5525126 Jun., 1996  Basu et al. 44/388.
5578090 Nov., 1996  Bradin  44/388.
5599358 Feb., 1997  Giavazzi et al. 44/388.

Other References

Ali et al., "Fuel Properties of Tallow and Soybean Oil Esters", 
JAOCS, vol. 72(12), pp. 1557-1564 (1995) (no month).
Richardson et al., "Methyl Esters of Tallow as a Diesel Component", 
Proceedings of the Int. Conf. on Energy from Biomass, Palz, Coombs, 
Hall (Ed.), pp. 735-743 (1985) (no month).
Natusch et al., "Methyl Esters of Tallow as a Diesel Extender", 
Proceedings, XI, Int. Symp. on Alcohol Fuels Tech. Conf., 21-25 May 
1984, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 2-340-2-346.
Ali et al., "Emissions and Power Characteristics of Diesel Engines . 
. . ", Bioresource Technology, vol. 52, pp. 185-195 (1995) (no month).
Primary Examiner: McAvoy; Ellen M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Silverstein; M. Howard, Fado; John, Graeter; 
Janelle S.

Claims

We claim:

1. A method of producing alkyl esters useful as biofuels and 
lubricants from triglyceride- or free fatty acid-containing 
substances, said method comprising

a) dissolving said triglyceride- or free fatty acid-containing 
substance in an organic solvent,

b) combining the dissolved triglyceride- or free fatty 
acid-containing substance with an alcohol and a lipase to form a 
reaction mixture,

c) incubating the reaction mixture for a time and at a temperature 
sufficient for transesterification between the triglyceride or 
esterification between the free fatty acid and the alcohol to occur,

d) separating the alkyl esters from the reaction mixture.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the triglyceride- or free fatty 
acid-containing substance is selected from the group consisting of 
tallow, vegetable oils, greases, animal fats and rendered fats and 
oils.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the triglyceride- or free fatty 
acid-containing substance is tallow or grease.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said alcohol is ethanol, propanol, 
isopropanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol or isobutanol.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said alcohol is a secondary alcohol 
and water is present in the reaction mixture.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein water is present in the reaction 
mixture in an amount up to about 6 mol % of the triglyceride- or free 
fatty acid-containing substance.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein alcohol is present in the reaction 
mixture in an amount from about 3 to about 10 moles per 1 mole 
triglyceride- or free fatty acid-containing s

Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Zeke Yewdall]

H.  I didn't know that butyric acid was bad for the environment,
but I did know that is a component of rancid butter and vomit with a
particular unpleasant odor.  I think that alone could prevent use as
fuel (although, to be honest, gasoline and diesel smell pretty nasty
too).

On 12/16/05, Scott Steiner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I didn't read through the butanol links carefully, but I know one of the
> problem with producing it in the past is that butyric acid (the carboxylic
> acid of the alcohol) is produced.  Butyric acid is very bad for the
> environment.  Later,
> Scott
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Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Scott Steiner]

I didn't read through the butanol links carefully, but I know one of the problem with producing it in the past is that butyric acid (the carboxylic acid of the alcohol) is produced.  Butyric acid is very bad for the environment.  Later,

Scott
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Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Greg and April]

For use as solvent, I suspect it's going to 
have to be of higher purity, to avoid possible contamination - that will drive 
up the price right there.    If the plant works out, that will 
help bring the price down of even solvent grade.
 
Greg H.
 

  - Original Message - 
  From: 
  Paul S 
  Cantrell 
  To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org 
  
  Sent: Thursday, December 15, 2005 
  12:02
  Subject: Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol 
  replaces gasoline
  >From the first URL:"Butanol currently sells for about $3.70 per gallon in 
  bulk  (barge) and $6.80 in 55 gallon drums."and"Our preliminary 
  cost estimates suggest that we can produce butanol from corn for about $1.20 
  per gallon, not including a credit for the hydrogen produced. This compares 
  with ethanol production costs of about $1.28 per gallon. Taking into account 
  the higher Btu content of butanol, this translates to 105,000 Btu per dollar 
  for butanol and 84,000 Btu per dollar for ethanol with corn at $2.50 per 
  bushel. As a further point of reference, butanol produced from petroleum costs 
  about $1.35 per gallon to manufacture."With US wholesale 
  gasoline (ie barge) at ~$1.65 (Source: NYMEX for January delivery), $1.20 per 
  gallon production sounds great, especially against $1.35 per gallon from 
  petrochem.  But if the (bio)Butanol would be worth $3.70 as a solvent, 
  would the price as a fuel be low enough to replace gasoline?  I think 
  only if the supply outstripped demand to a large degree.  No rational 
  capitalist would sell a product worth $3.70 for $1.65.  Did I miss 
  something?
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Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Robert Carr]

Sell it in the UK.   UK gasoline prices are currently around £3.60 a gallon
($6.48US)so even if you deduct the fuel duty for biofuels here of 0.27 litre
($2.08US/gal) there is still $4.40 per gallon to be had.
- Original Message -
From: "Zeke Yewdall" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: 
Sent: Thursday, December 15, 2005 7:18 PM
Subject: Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline


> But there's a limited market for solvent.  After you've sold all you
> can at $3.70, you have to start selling it cheaper to get into the
> fuel market, or not sell any more.
>
> On 12/15/05, Paul S Cantrell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > >From the first URL:
> >  "Butanol currently sells for about $3.70 per gallon in bulk  (barge)
and
> > $6.80 in 55 gallon drums."
> >  and
> >  "Our preliminary cost estimates suggest that we can produce butanol
from
> > corn for about $1.20 per gallon, not including a credit for the hydrogen
> > produced. This compares with ethanol production costs of about $1.28 per
> > gallon. Taking into account the higher Btu content of butanol, this
> > translates to 105,000 Btu per dollar for butanol and 84,000 Btu per
dollar
> > for ethanol with corn at $2.50 per bushel. As a further point of
reference,
> > butanol produced from petroleum costs about $1.35 per gallon to
> > manufacture."
> >
> >  With US wholesale gasoline (ie barge) at ~$1.65 (Source: NYMEX for
January
> > delivery), $1.20 per gallon production sounds great, especially against
> > $1.35 per gallon from petrochem.  But if the (bio)Butanol would be worth
> > $3.70 as a solvent, would the price as a fuel be low enough to replace
> > gasoline?  I think only if the supply outstripped demand to a large
degree.
> > No rational capitalist would sell a product worth $3.70 for $1.65.  Did
I
> > miss something?
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > On 12/15/05, Greg and April <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > >
> > > Ran across this on another list, and thought people here would
interested
> > it.
> > >
> > > http://butanol.com/index.html
> > > http://www.ilcorn.org/Corn_Products/Butanol/butanol.html
> > >
> > > Be interesting to see the information about BioDiesel made with
butanol.
> > >
> > > Greg H.
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> > --
> > Thanks,
> > PC
> >
> > He's the kind of a guy who lights up a room just by flicking a switch
> >
> > A little nonsense now and then, is cherished by the wisest men. - Roald
Dahl
> > ___
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> > Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
> >
http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org
> >
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> > http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
> >
> > Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000
> > messages):
> > http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
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Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Greg and April]

I have already sent an inquiry, regarding it use 
with BioDiesel, and will pass along any info they may send me.
 
Greg H.
 

  - Original Message - 
  From: 
  Tom Irwin 

  To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org 
  
  Sent: Thursday, December 15, 2005 
  12:16
  Subject: Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol 
  replaces gasoline
  
  Hi Greg,
   
  I don't think you will see too much about butanol being used for 
  biodiesel. I could be wrong but I believe viscosity goes up rather 
  dramatically by increasing the number of carbons on the ester chain. A few 
  years back I tried to use propanol to make BioD and although there was some 
  separation, the top layer, (I dare not call it BioD) was like molasses in 
  consistency. I can only imagine what the addition of another carbon to the 
  alcohol would do.
   
  Tom Irwin
    
  

From: Greg and April 
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]To: 
Biofuel@sustainablelists.orgSent: Thu, 15 Dec 2005 13:04:12 
-0300Subject: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline
Ran across this on another list, and 
thought people here would interested it.
 
http://butanol.com/index.html
http://www.ilcorn.org/Corn_Products/Butanol/butanol.html
 
Be interesting to see the information 
about BioDiesel made with butanol.
 
Greg H.

  
   
   
  
  

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Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[dwoodard]

I'm just speculating, but the purity requirements for butanol as a solvent
may be higher than for fuel, requiring extra processing for solvent use.

Considering the comparison with ethanol, I wouldn't be surprised if
typical butanol production processes from say corn also produce small
amounts of other, related substances.

Doug Woodard
St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada


On Thu, 15 Dec 2005, Paul S Cantrell wrote:

> >From the first URL:
> "Butanol currently sells for about $3.70 per gallon in bulk  (barge) and
> $6.80 in 55 gallon drums."
> and
> "Our preliminary cost estimates suggest that we can produce butanol from
> corn for about $1.20 per gallon, not including a credit for the hydrogen
> produced. This compares with ethanol production costs of about $1.28 per
> gallon. Taking into account the higher Btu content of butanol, this
> translates to 105,000 Btu per dollar for butanol and 84,000 Btu per dollar
> for ethanol with corn at $2.50 per bushel. As a further point of reference,
> butanol produced from petroleum costs about $1.35 per gallon to
> manufacture."
>
> With US wholesale gasoline (ie barge) at ~$1.65 (Source: NYMEX for January
> delivery), $1.20 per gallon production sounds great, especially against
> $1.35 per gallon from petrochem.  But if the (bio)Butanol would be worth
> $3.70 as a solvent, would the price as a fuel be low enough to replace
> gasoline?  I think only if the supply outstripped demand to a large degree.
> No rational capitalist would sell a product worth $3.70 for $1.65.  Did I
> miss something?

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Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Zeke Yewdall]

But there's a limited market for solvent.  After you've sold all you
can at $3.70, you have to start selling it cheaper to get into the
fuel market, or not sell any more.

On 12/15/05, Paul S Cantrell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >From the first URL:
>  "Butanol currently sells for about $3.70 per gallon in bulk  (barge) and
> $6.80 in 55 gallon drums."
>  and
>  "Our preliminary cost estimates suggest that we can produce butanol from
> corn for about $1.20 per gallon, not including a credit for the hydrogen
> produced. This compares with ethanol production costs of about $1.28 per
> gallon. Taking into account the higher Btu content of butanol, this
> translates to 105,000 Btu per dollar for butanol and 84,000 Btu per dollar
> for ethanol with corn at $2.50 per bushel. As a further point of reference,
> butanol produced from petroleum costs about $1.35 per gallon to
> manufacture."
>
>  With US wholesale gasoline (ie barge) at ~$1.65 (Source: NYMEX for January
> delivery), $1.20 per gallon production sounds great, especially against
> $1.35 per gallon from petrochem.  But if the (bio)Butanol would be worth
> $3.70 as a solvent, would the price as a fuel be low enough to replace
> gasoline?  I think only if the supply outstripped demand to a large degree.
> No rational capitalist would sell a product worth $3.70 for $1.65.  Did I
> miss something?
>
>
>
>
> On 12/15/05, Greg and April <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >
> > Ran across this on another list, and thought people here would interested
> it.
> >
> > http://butanol.com/index.html
> > http://www.ilcorn.org/Corn_Products/Butanol/butanol.html
> >
> > Be interesting to see the information about BioDiesel made with butanol.
> >
> > Greg H.
> >
>
>
>
> --
> Thanks,
> PC
>
> He's the kind of a guy who lights up a room just by flicking a switch
>
> A little nonsense now and then, is cherished by the wisest men. - Roald Dahl
> ___
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> messages):
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>
>
>
>

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Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Paul S Cantrell]

>From the first URL:
"Butanol
currently sells for about $3.70 per gallon in bulk  (barge) and
$6.80 in 55 gallon drums."
and
"Our
preliminary cost estimates suggest that we can produce butanol from
corn for about $1.20 per gallon, not including a credit for the
hydrogen produced. This compares with ethanol production costs of about
$1.28 per gallon. Taking into account the higher Btu content of
butanol, this translates to 105,000 Btu per dollar for butanol and
84,000 Btu per dollar for ethanol with corn at $2.50 per bushel. As a
further point of reference, butanol produced from petroleum costs about
$1.35 per gallon to manufacture."

With US wholesale gasoline (ie barge) at ~$1.65 (Source: NYMEX
for January delivery), $1.20 per gallon production sounds great,
especially against $1.35 per gallon from petrochem.  But if the
(bio)Butanol would be worth $3.70 as a solvent, would the price as a
fuel be low enough to replace gasoline?  I think only if the
supply outstripped demand to a large degree.  No rational
capitalist would sell a product worth $3.70 for $1.65.  Did I miss
something?


On 12/15/05, Greg and April <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:







Ran across this on another list, and 
thought people here would interested it.
 
http://butanol.com/index.html
http://www.ilcorn.org/Corn_Products/Butanol/butanol.html

 
Be interesting to see the information about 
BioDiesel made with butanol.
 
Greg H.

  
-- Thanks,PCHe's the kind of a guy who lights up a room just by flicking a switchA little nonsense now and then, is cherished by the wisest men. - Roald Dahl
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Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Zeke Yewdall]

Yeah. If the biodiesel with a four carbon based alcohol was that
thick, why bother doing transesterification at all.  I'd love
something that I can use in my gasoline car though, so I can start
driving it again.

Zeke

On 12/15/05, Tom Irwin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Hi Greg,
>
> I don't think you will see too much about butanol being used for biodiesel.
> I could be wrong but I believe viscosity goes up rather dramatically by
> increasing the number of carbons on the ester chain. A few years back I
> tried to use propanol to make BioD and although there was some separation,
> the top layer, (I dare not call it BioD) was like molasses in consistency. I
> can only imagine what the addition of another carbon to the alcohol would
> do.
>
> Tom Irwin
>
>
>  
>  From: Greg and April [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
> Sent: Thu, 15 Dec 2005 13:04:12 -0300
> Subject: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline
>
>
>
> Ran across this on another list, and thought people here would interested
> it.
>
> http://butanol.com/index.html
> http://www.ilcorn.org/Corn_Products/Butanol/butanol.html
>
> Be interesting to see the information about BioDiesel made with butanol.
>
> Greg H.
>
>
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> messages):
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>
>
>
>

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Re: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Tom Irwin]

Hi Greg,
 
I don't think you will see too much about butanol being used for biodiesel. I could be wrong but I believe viscosity goes up rather dramatically by increasing the number of carbons on the ester chain. A few years back I tried to use propanol to make BioD and although there was some separation, the top layer, (I dare not call it BioD) was like molasses in consistency. I can only imagine what the addition of another carbon to the alcohol would do.
 
Tom Irwin
  


From: Greg and April [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.orgSent: Thu, 15 Dec 2005 13:04:12 -0300Subject: [Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline
Ran across this on another list, and thought people here would interested it.
 
http://butanol.com/index.html
http://www.ilcorn.org/Corn_Products/Butanol/butanol.html
 
Be interesting to see the information about BioDiesel made with butanol.
 
Greg H.


 
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[Biofuel] BioButanol replaces gasoline

[Greg and April]

Ran across this on another list, and 
thought people here would interested it.
 
http://butanol.com/index.html
http://www.ilcorn.org/Corn_Products/Butanol/butanol.html
 
Be interesting to see the information about 
BioDiesel made with butanol.
 
Greg H.
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