Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
Anders: I am a QEX subscriber and have that issue but I haven't built the circuit. The author referenced Brooks Shera as the basis for his work. He uses a Trimble Resolution T GPS for a PPS reference and an LPRO-101 Rubidium oscillator for the 10MHz. His circuit divides the 10MHz output from Rb by 100 and compares the phase of the 100kHz against the PPS. A PIC16 MCU is the controller and uses the phase data to control an external DAC to drive the Rb frequency control pin. There were a couple of other time frequency related articles in 2013 if you decide to get the CD. Mike On 3/21/2014 09:20, Anders Time wrote: Does anyone have a copy of the QEX 2013 november article(Bill Kaune) Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard? I´m really interested in this subject, but I can´t find this magazine in Sweden. I have contacted QEX, but it is very difficult to buy back-issues. Have any one built this frequency standard and can tell me more about the project? You can access the source code for the project here: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/QEX%20Binaries/2013/November_13/11x13_Kaune_PIC_Code.zip /Anders ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
Hi Anders, please contact me offline and I will send you a copy of the QEX article. Rgds Ernie. -Original Message- From: Mike George mgeo...@tuffmail.us To: time-nuts time-nuts@febo.com Sent: Fri, Mar 28, 2014 7:43 pm Subject: Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard. Anders: I am a QEX subscriber and have that issue but I haven't built he circuit. The author referenced Brooks Shera as the basis for his work. He uses a Trimble Resolution T GPS for a PPS reference and an PRO-101 Rubidium oscillator for the 10MHz. is circuit divides the 10MHz output from Rb by 100 and ompares the phase of the 100kHz against the PPS. PIC16 MCU is the controller and uses the phase data to control n external DAC to drive the Rb frequency control pin. There were a couple of other time frequency related articles in 2013 f you decide to get the CD. Mike On 3/21/2014 09:20, Anders Time wrote: Does anyone have a copy of the QEX 2013 november article(Bill Kaune) Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard? I´m really interested in this subject, but I can´t find this magazine in Sweden. I have contacted QEX, but it is very difficult to buy back-issues. Have any one built this frequency standard and can tell me more about the project? You can access the source code for the project here: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/QEX%20Binaries/2013/November_13/11x13_Kaune_PIC_Code.zip /Anders ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ ime-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com o unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts nd follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
The QEX unit is a spin off of the Shera, how ever the DAC is only 12 bits covering the full tuning range of the Rb. Shera does it better with 18 bits and has additional features. I would not spend the money to get a copy. Bert Kehren In a message dated 3/28/2014 2:42:55 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time, mgeo...@tuffmail.us writes: Anders: I am a QEX subscriber and have that issue but I haven't built the circuit. The author referenced Brooks Shera as the basis for his work. He uses a Trimble Resolution T GPS for a PPS reference and an LPRO-101 Rubidium oscillator for the 10MHz. His circuit divides the 10MHz output from Rb by 100 and compares the phase of the 100kHz against the PPS. A PIC16 MCU is the controller and uses the phase data to control an external DAC to drive the Rb frequency control pin. There were a couple of other time frequency related articles in 2013 if you decide to get the CD. Mike On 3/21/2014 09:20, Anders Time wrote: Does anyone have a copy of the QEX 2013 november article(Bill Kaune) Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard? I´m really interested in this subject, but I can´t find this magazine in Sweden. I have contacted QEX, but it is very difficult to buy back-issues. Have any one built this frequency standard and can tell me more about the project? You can access the source code for the project here: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/QEX%20Binaries/2013/November_13/11x13_Kaune_PIC_Code.zip /Anders ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
[time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
Does anyone have a copy of the QEX 2013 november article(Bill Kaune) Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard? I´m really interested in this subject, but I can´t find this magazine in Sweden. I have contacted QEX, but it is very difficult to buy back-issues. Have any one built this frequency standard and can tell me more about the project? You can access the source code for the project here: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/QEX%20Binaries/2013/November_13/11x13_Kaune_PIC_Code.zip /Anders ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
I do not subscribe to QEX, but I know that all of the ARRL periodicals for 2013 (QST, NCJ and QEX) are on one CD and it is available now from ARRL and its distributors. HTH... 73, geo - n4ua On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 9:20 AM, Anders Time anderst...@gmail.com wrote: Does anyone have a copy of the QEX 2013 november article(Bill Kaune) Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard? I´m really interested in this subject, but I can´t find this magazine in Sweden. I have contacted QEX, but it is very difficult to buy back-issues. Have any one built this frequency standard and can tell me more about the project? You can access the source code for the project here: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/QEX%20Binaries/2013/November_13/11x13_Kaune_PIC_Code.zip /Anders ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
George wrote: I do not subscribe to QEX, but I know that all of the ARRL periodicals for 2013 (QST, NCJ and QEX) are on one CD and it is available now from ARRL http://www.arrl.org/shop/ARRL-Periodicals-DVD-2013 Best regards, Charles ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
Hi Anders, You can buy the 2013 QST CD-ROM from ARRL which includes QEX. I'm in the UK and have this CD, international delivery was no problem. Cost was $25, see http://www.arrl.org/shop/ARRL-Periodicals-DVD-2013/ The disk is well worth the cost. I've not built the project but have looked at the article. It references the Shera design and is basically a Trimble Resoluton T to LPRO101 GPSDO. It divides the 10MHz to 100kHz before comparison. I'm not qualified to comment on how good the design is, but you can contact me off-list if you want more details. Robert G8RPI. From: Anders Time anderst...@gmail.com To: time-nuts@febo.com Sent: Friday, 21 March 2014, 13:20 Subject: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard. Does anyone have a copy of the QEX 2013 november article(Bill Kaune) Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard? I´m really interested in this subject, but I can´t find this magazine in Sweden. I have contacted QEX, but it is very difficult to buy back-issues. Have any one built this frequency standard and can tell me more about the project? You can access the source code for the project here: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/QEX%20Binaries/2013/November_13/11x13_Kaune_PIC_Code.zip /Anders ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
I'm working on doing exactly this right now. There is a ton of information on how to build a GPSDO where the oscillator is an OCXO. But it is almost exactly the same thing to build a GPSDRbThe only change is that rather then sending a command to control a DAC that in turn controls the OCXO's EFC pin you send data to control the Rb.Also of course use some different constants. There seem to be two different class of Rb. One takes an EFC just like the OCXO so the controller looks just like a GPSDO and the other class of Rb accepts serial commends to adjust the frequency. These have an internal DAC. But either way the logic is the same. On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 6:20 AM, Anders Time anderst...@gmail.com wrote: Does anyone have a copy of the QEX 2013 november article(Bill Kaune) Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard? I´m really interested in this subject, but I can´t find this magazine in Sweden. I have contacted QEX, but it is very difficult to buy back-issues. Have any one built this frequency standard and can tell me more about the project? You can access the source code for the project here: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/QEX%20Binaries/2013/November_13/11x13_Kaune_PIC_Code.zip /Anders ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. -- Chris Albertson Redondo Beach, California ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
Quite a few time nuts have Rb GPSDRb's running using Shera's controller. I did mine in 1999 with the help of Brooks and Corby and my first FRK died on Shrea's controller after 24 years of service. Bad lamp. Have to measure C field sensitivity just like on an OCXO and increasing sample time from 30 seconds to 120 helps. Works great. My first OCXO was last year using a MV89 when we worked on the release of Brooks last controller. Bert Kehren In a message dated 3/21/2014 2:31:45 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time, albertson.ch...@gmail.com writes: I'm working on doing exactly this right now. There is a ton of information on how to build a GPSDO where the oscillator is an OCXO. But it is almost exactly the same thing to build a GPSDRb The only change is that rather then sending a command to control a DAC that in turn controls the OCXO's EFC pin you send data to control the Rb.Also of course use some different constants. There seem to be two different class of Rb. One takes an EFC just like the OCXO so the controller looks just like a GPSDO and the other class of Rb accepts serial commends to adjust the frequency. These have an internal DAC. But either way the logic is the same. On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 6:20 AM, Anders Time anderst...@gmail.com wrote: Does anyone have a copy of the QEX 2013 november article(Bill Kaune) Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard? I´m really interested in this subject, but I can´t find this magazine in Sweden. I have contacted QEX, but it is very difficult to buy back-issues. Have any one built this frequency standard and can tell me more about the project? You can access the source code for the project here: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/QEX%20Binaries/2013/November_13/11x13_Kaune_PIC_Code.zip /Anders ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. -- Chris Albertson Redondo Beach, California ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
Chris, Not to often I can offer useful advice. But I know others on time-nuts have experimented with the digital dacs in the RBs. There was program quite a while ago that let you tweak them. Essentially it seems you can not get them exactly on because of the DAC step function. Granted they are crazy close, but this is time-nuts. Regards Paul. WB8TSL On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 2:24 PM, Chris Albertson albertson.ch...@gmail.comwrote: I'm working on doing exactly this right now. There is a ton of information on how to build a GPSDO where the oscillator is an OCXO. But it is almost exactly the same thing to build a GPSDRbThe only change is that rather then sending a command to control a DAC that in turn controls the OCXO's EFC pin you send data to control the Rb.Also of course use some different constants. There seem to be two different class of Rb. One takes an EFC just like the OCXO so the controller looks just like a GPSDO and the other class of Rb accepts serial commends to adjust the frequency. These have an internal DAC. But either way the logic is the same. On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 6:20 AM, Anders Time anderst...@gmail.com wrote: Does anyone have a copy of the QEX 2013 november article(Bill Kaune) Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard? I´m really interested in this subject, but I can´t find this magazine in Sweden. I have contacted QEX, but it is very difficult to buy back-issues. Have any one built this frequency standard and can tell me more about the project? You can access the source code for the project here: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/QEX%20Binaries/2013/November_13/11x13_Kaune_PIC_Code.zip /Anders ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. -- Chris Albertson Redondo Beach, California ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
Depends on what you call close. 1 E-14 steps are very doable. That does not mean that that is the accuracy because once you go below 1 E-12 you have to worry about barometric pressure and humidity assuming you already have temperature control. Bert In a message dated 3/21/2014 2:58:32 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time, paulsw...@gmail.com writes: Chris, Not to often I can offer useful advice. But I know others on time-nuts have experimented with the digital dacs in the RBs. There was program quite a while ago that let you tweak them. Essentially it seems you can not get them exactly on because of the DAC step function. Granted they are crazy close, but this is time-nuts. Regards Paul. WB8TSL On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 2:24 PM, Chris Albertson albertson.ch...@gmail.comwrote: I'm working on doing exactly this right now. There is a ton of information on how to build a GPSDO where the oscillator is an OCXO. But it is almost exactly the same thing to build a GPSDRb The only change is that rather then sending a command to control a DAC that in turn controls the OCXO's EFC pin you send data to control the Rb.Also of course use some different constants. There seem to be two different class of Rb. One takes an EFC just like the OCXO so the controller looks just like a GPSDO and the other class of Rb accepts serial commends to adjust the frequency. These have an internal DAC. But either way the logic is the same. On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 6:20 AM, Anders Time anderst...@gmail.com wrote: Does anyone have a copy of the QEX 2013 november article(Bill Kaune) Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard? I´m really interested in this subject, but I can´t find this magazine in Sweden. I have contacted QEX, but it is very difficult to buy back-issues. Have any one built this frequency standard and can tell me more about the project? You can access the source code for the project here: http://www.arrl.org/files/file/QEX%20Binaries/2013/November_13/11x13_Kaune_PIC_Code.zip /Anders ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. -- Chris Albertson Redondo Beach, California ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
albertson.ch...@gmail.com said: There seem to be two different class of Rb. One takes an EFC just like the OCXO so the controller looks just like a GPSDO and the other class of Rb accepts serial commends to adjust the frequency. These have an internal DAC. But either way the logic is the same. Is it a DAC or DDS chip? Has anybody looked at the spectrum? -- These are my opinions. I hate spam. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
Some use DAC's some use DDS' the FE 5680 uses a DDS. Bert Kehren In a message dated 3/21/2014 3:17:12 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time, hmur...@megapathdsl.net writes: albertson.ch...@gmail.com said: There seem to be two different class of Rb. One takes an EFC just like the OCXO so the controller looks just like a GPSDO and the other class of Rb accepts serial commends to adjust the frequency. These have an internal DAC. But either way the logic is the same. Is it a DAC or DDS chip? Has anybody looked at the spectrum? -- These are my opinions. I hate spam. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
Hal Actually now that you mention it was the DDS chip. Bert I agree with your comments. How tight can it be. Thanks On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 3:13 PM, Hal Murray hmur...@megapathdsl.net wrote: albertson.ch...@gmail.com said: There seem to be two different class of Rb. One takes an EFC just like the OCXO so the controller looks just like a GPSDO and the other class of Rb accepts serial commends to adjust the frequency. These have an internal DAC. But either way the logic is the same. Is it a DAC or DDS chip? Has anybody looked at the spectrum? -- These are my opinions. I hate spam. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
Paul Do not understand your question, what do you mean with tight? Bert Kehren In a message dated 3/21/2014 3:22:41 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time, paulsw...@gmail.com writes: Hal Actually now that you mention it was the DDS chip. Bert I agree with your comments. How tight can it be. Thanks On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 3:13 PM, Hal Murray hmur...@megapathdsl.net wrote: albertson.ch...@gmail.com said: There seem to be two different class of Rb. One takes an EFC just like the OCXO so the controller looks just like a GPSDO and the other class of Rb accepts serial commends to adjust the frequency. These have an internal DAC. But either way the logic is the same. Is it a DAC or DDS chip? Has anybody looked at the spectrum? -- These are my opinions. I hate spam. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
accurate On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 3:51 PM, ewkeh...@aol.com wrote: Paul Do not understand your question, what do you mean with tight? Bert Kehren In a message dated 3/21/2014 3:22:41 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time, paulsw...@gmail.com writes: Hal Actually now that you mention it was the DDS chip. Bert I agree with your comments. How tight can it be. Thanks On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 3:13 PM, Hal Murray hmur...@megapathdsl.net wrote: albertson.ch...@gmail.com said: There seem to be two different class of Rb. One takes an EFC just like the OCXO so the controller looks just like a GPSDO and the other class of Rb accepts serial commends to adjust the frequency. These have an internal DAC. But either way the logic is the same. Is it a DAC or DDS chip? Has anybody looked at the spectrum? -- These are my opinions. I hate spam. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.
Re: [time-nuts] Using GPS to Fine Tune a Rubidium Frequency Standard.
What he is asking is if the Rb's frequency adjustments are done with a DAC or a DDS. And how fine the steps are. My answer is I don't care. If my goal were to build the best frequency reference then I'd seriously shop around for the best oscillator but my goal is not that. It is to to get the best trim setting I can get for the existing equipment. I suspect my $40 FE-5680A is not the best On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 12:51 PM, ewkeh...@aol.com wrote: Paul Do not understand your question, what do you mean with tight? Bert Kehren In a message dated 3/21/2014 3:22:41 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time, paulsw...@gmail.com writes: Hal Actually now that you mention it was the DDS chip. Bert I agree with your comments. How tight can it be. Thanks On Fri, Mar 21, 2014 at 3:13 PM, Hal Murray hmur...@megapathdsl.net wrote: albertson.ch...@gmail.com said: There seem to be two different class of Rb. One takes an EFC just like the OCXO so the controller looks just like a GPSDO and the other class of Rb accepts serial commends to adjust the frequency. These have an internal DAC. But either way the logic is the same. Is it a DAC or DDS chip? Has anybody looked at the spectrum? -- These are my opinions. I hate spam. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there. -- Chris Albertson Redondo Beach, California ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instructions there.