Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
On Tuesday 16 August 2011 00:48:08 Walter Prins wrote: On 16 August 2011 00:43, Connor Merritt kingconnor...@gmail.com wrote: So i installed python 2.7.1 on my linux and i bought a book that requires python 3 so installed python 3, and i used terminal and typed in python -V and it said 2.7.1 how do i get it to be 3 (i tried deleting it but i couldn't what should i do?) Try python3 -V The default is probably still Python2 but that does not mean you can't use Python explicitly. If you prefer to have Python 3 only, you could also uninstall Python 2.7.1. You do not say what version of what distro you are using, nor what method you used to install Python 2, so I can't be more explicit. Lisi ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
On 16/08/11 07:52, Lisi wrote: On Tuesday 16 August 2011 00:48:08 Walter Prins wrote: So i installed python 2.7.1 on my linux and i bought a book that requires python 3 so installed python 3, and i used terminal and typed in python -V and it said 2.7.1 how do i get it to be 3 (i tried deleting it but i couldn't what should i do?) Try python3 -V The default is probably still Python2 but that does not mean you can't use Python explicitly. If you prefer to have Python 3 only, you could also uninstall Python 2.7.1. You do not say what version of what distro you are using, nor what method you used to install Python 2, so I can't be more explicit. You might need to ensure that you have at least 1 version of Python2 around because a lot of Linux tools are still written in v2 and might break if you uninstall all v2 versions... I'd go with the python3 tip, that's what I use with 2 versions of Python... -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] help in TKINTER
On 16/08/11 05:31, aditya wrote: Hello tutors, I wanted some help in using the Tkinter class for button creation, I am not able to add on click events i.e. when I press the button certain action should be performed for example if I press the button named 5, then it should display 5 in the text field . The default behaviour for a button is to do nothing. If you want it to do something you will need to assign a command action, usually a function or method name. But without seeing your code (or at least short sample code) we can't begin to guess what you might be doing wrong... If you look at the GUI programming topic in my tutorial you will see various short programs including some adding a button and an associated action. -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] directory within directory
questions anon wrote: I would like to open up a bunch of files within a folder within a folder and then process them and output them in another location but with the same folder structure. I seem to having trouble with the folder within folder section. I have a separate folder for each year and then within a year I have a separate folder for each month but when I try to make a directory in a new location it does not place the month folders within the year folders, instead they are all places in the outputpath together any help will be greatly appreciated import os inputpath=r'E:/temp_samples2/' outputpath=r'E:/figureoutputs/' for (path, dirs, files) in os.walk(inputpath): for dir in dirs: print path, dir newfolders=outputpath+dir Using string concatenation to produce file paths is errorprone. Have a look at the path manipulation functions that the os.path module has to offer. if not os.path.exists(newfolders): os.makedirs(newfolders) print newfolders dir is just the directory name. You get the source directory with sourcepath = os.path.join(path, dir) Now you have to remove the start of the path with relativepath = os.path.relpath(sourcepath, inputpath) Finally add the outputpath: newdir = os.path.join(outputpath, relativepath) ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
On Tuesday 16 August 2011 09:05:44 Alan Gauld wrote: You might need to ensure that you have at least 1 version of Python2 around because a lot of Linux tools are still written in v2 and might break if you uninstall all v2 versions... Thanks for that, Alan. I knew that I had Python 2 by default and did not have to install it, but had not queried why. I clearly should have. I should also, of course, check whether something is a dependancy of something else before suggesting its removal. :-( Luckily, if he used a package manager of any kind, it would have warned him that it is a dependancy of various packages. If it was already on the system , I wonder why the OP needed to install it? Lisi ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] Adding index numbers to tuple
Hello,
Maybe a bit confusing topic title, probably the example will do.
I have a tuple:
t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
And need the following output, list or tuple, doesn't matter:
(0, 'a', 1, 'b', 2, 'c', 3, 'd')
I tried with zip(), but get a list of tuples, which isn't the desired
output. Anyone with a solution or push in the right direction?
Cheers,
TImo
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Re: [Tutor] Adding index numbers to tuple
Hello,
: Maybe a bit confusing topic title, probably the example will do.
:
: I have a tuple:
: t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
: And need the following output, list or tuple, doesn't matter:
: (0, 'a', 1, 'b', 2, 'c', 3, 'd')
:
: I tried with zip(), but get a list of tuples, which isn't the desired
: output. Anyone with a solution or push in the right direction?
Perhaps you did not know about enumerate?
t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
l = list()
for x in enumerate(t):
l.extend(x)
-Martin
--
Martin A. Brown
http://linux-ip.net/
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Re: [Tutor] Adding index numbers to tuple
On 2011/08/16 03:10 PM, Timo wrote:
Hello,
Maybe a bit confusing topic title, probably the example will do.
I have a tuple:
t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
And need the following output, list or tuple, doesn't matter:
(0, 'a', 1, 'b', 2, 'c', 3, 'd')
I tried with zip(), but get a list of tuples, which isn't the desired
output. Anyone with a solution or push in the right direction?
Cheers,
TImo
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t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
new_t = zip(xrange(len(t)), t)
new_t
[(0, 'a'), (1, 'b'), (2, 'c'), (3, 'd')]
from itertools import chain
list(chain.from_iterable(new_t))
[0, 'a', 1, 'b', 2, 'c', 3, 'd']
That would be for if you were using the zip way, but enumerate should be
simpler as Martin pointed out.
--
Christian Witts
Python Developer
//
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Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
On 16/08/11 10:14, Lisi wrote: On Tuesday 16 August 2011 09:05:44 Alan Gauld wrote: You might need to ensure that you have at least 1 version of Python2 around because a lot of Linux tools are still written in v2 and might break if you uninstall all v2 versions... Thanks for that, Alan. I knew that I had Python 2 by default and did not have to install it, but had not queried why. It can be hard to tell, sometimes distro designers just think something is useful. For example many Linux users nowadays have no use for gcc but it is usually packaged anyway. If it was already on the system , I wonder why the OP needed to install it? I suspect that the default was probably version 2.5 or 2.6 (My Ubuntu 10.04 has 2.6) So if OP installed 2.7 it would be additional. My concern was that if they uninstalled 2.7 the default would revert to 2.6 (or whatever) and they might then be tempted to uninstall that too! -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Adding index numbers to tuple
On Tue, Aug 16, 2011 at 3:42 PM, Christian Witts cwi...@compuscan.co.za wrote:
On 2011/08/16 03:10 PM, Timo wrote:
Hello,
Maybe a bit confusing topic title, probably the example will do.
I have a tuple:
t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
And need the following output, list or tuple, doesn't matter:
(0, 'a', 1, 'b', 2, 'c', 3, 'd')
I tried with zip(), but get a list of tuples, which isn't the desired
output. Anyone with a solution or push in the right direction?
Cheers,
TImo
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t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
new_t = zip(xrange(len(t)), t)
new_t
[(0, 'a'), (1, 'b'), (2, 'c'), (3, 'd')]
from itertools import chain
list(chain.from_iterable(new_t))
[0, 'a', 1, 'b', 2, 'c', 3, 'd']
That would be for if you were using the zip way, but enumerate should be
simpler as Martin pointed out.
You can sort of mix the two together:
from itertools import chain
t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
list(chain.from_iterable(enumerate(t)))
[0, 'a', 1, 'b', 2, 'c', 3, 'd']
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[Tutor] Passing functions(with parameters) as paramiters to (looping)functions.
Hi; I am trying to run a function inside a continuing loop, but do not seem to be able to pass any parameters (arguments ) when I do so. I have placed working and non-working code , with output below. ## This works: def loop(fn ): for i in range(5): fn( ) def this_function(a= i am not a string): print( a ) loop(this_function) ## with output: i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string ## But , this does not : def loop(fn ): for i in range(5): fn( ) def this_function(a= i am not a string): print( a ) loop(this_function(I am a string) ) ## note the only change is here ## With this as output: I am a string Traceback (most recent call last): File /home/jeff/MyPythonStuff/call_sub.py, line 9, in module loop(this_function(I am a string) ) File /home/jeff/MyPythonStuff/call_sub.py, line 4, in loop fn( ) TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable My OS is Debian 64 bit I get the same output for both python2.7 and Python3.1 I think this should be do-able but I am in need of a clue. Thanks. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Passing functions(with parameters) as paramiters to (looping)functions.
On Tue, Aug 16, 2011 at 1:44 PM, Jeff Peters je...@swva.net wrote: Hi; I am trying to run a function inside a continuing loop, but do not seem to be able to pass any parameters (arguments ) when I do so. I have placed working and non-working code , with output below. ## This works: def loop(fn ): for i in range(5): fn( ) def this_function(a= i am not a string): print( a ) loop(this_function) ## with output: i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string ## But , this does not : def loop(fn ): for i in range(5): fn( ) def this_function(a= i am not a string): print( a ) loop(this_function(I am a string) ) ## note the only change is here ## With this as output: I am a string Traceback (most recent call last): File /home/jeff/MyPythonStuff/**call_sub.py, line 9, in module loop(this_function(I am a string) ) File /home/jeff/MyPythonStuff/**call_sub.py, line 4, in loop fn( ) TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable Your loop() function expects the parameter 'fn' to be a function that it can then call. In your second example, it doesn't work because you already called the function and is passing as parameter 'fn' whatever this_function() returned. type(this_function) type 'function' type(this_function(I am a string)) I am a string type 'NoneType' If you really want this design, one way to fix it is to change loop() to accept another argument that is going to be passed to the function. def loop(fn, b): for i in range(5): fn(b) Perhaps if you explain what you are trying to accomplish, someone can suggest a better way to design the code. -- Giovanni Tirloni sysdroid.com ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Passing functions(with parameters) as paramiters to (looping)functions.
Jeff Peters wrote: Hi; I am trying to run a function inside a continuing loop, but do not seem to be able to pass any parameters (arguments ) when I do so. I have placed working and non-working code , with output below. ## This works: def loop(fn ): for i in range(5): fn( ) def this_function(a= i am not a string): print( a ) loop(this_function) ## with output: i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string ## But , this does not : def loop(fn ): for i in range(5): fn( ) def this_function(a= i am not a string): print( a ) loop(this_function(I am a string) ) ## note the only change is here You are calling this_function() and then pass the result of the function call to your other function loop(). Instead you need another function that builds a function that calls this_function() with the desired argument: def loop(f): ... for i in range(5): ... f() ... def this_function(a): ... print(a) ... def make_function(f, arg): ... def g(): ... f(arg) ... return g ... loop(make_function(this_function, foo)) foo foo foo foo foo loop(make_function(this_function, bar)) bar bar bar bar bar Of course you could also change loop() to pass on arbitrary arguments: def loop(f, *args, **kw): ... for i in range(3): ... f(*args, **kw) ... loop(print, 1, 2) 1 2 1 2 1 2 loop(print, 1, 2, sep=--) 1--2 1--2 1--2 Because building a function that just calls another function with some predefined arguments is a common need the standard library has functools.partial(): from functools import partial print42 = partial(print, 42) print42() 42 loop(print42) 42 42 42 Another variant is a lambda function with a default argument: loop(lambda a=whatever: print(a)) whatever whatever whatever ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Passing functions(with parameters) as paramiters to (looping)functions.
def loop(fn ): for i in range(5): fn( ) def this_function(a= i am not a string): print( a ) loop(this_function(I am a string) ) ## note the only change is here ## With this as output: I am a string Traceback (most recent call last): File /home/jeff/MyPythonStuff/call_sub.py, line 9, in module loop(this_function(I am a string) ) File /home/jeff/MyPythonStuff/call_sub.py, line 4, in loop fn( ) TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable NOTE: All code is untested. You get a NoneType because this_function returns a None. What is happening is the this_function(xxx) gets called first and then that return value gets passed into loop as 'loop(None)'. I am not sure exactly what you are trying to do, but I would probably do something like passing in a list of arguments. loop(this_function, iterable_of_arguments) def loop(fn, args): for arg in args : fn( arg ) The way I would get an argument gets passed to this_function is really dependent on your goal. You may want to look at itertools / map libraries as well for more options. Ramit Ramit Prasad | JPMorgan Chase Investment Bank | Currencies Technology 712 Main Street | Houston, TX 77002 work phone: 713 - 216 - 5423 This email is confidential and subject to important disclaimers and conditions including on offers for the purchase or sale of securities, accuracy and completeness of information, viruses, confidentiality, legal privilege, and legal entity disclaimers, available at http://www.jpmorgan.com/pages/disclosures/email. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
@ Connor -- you probably should heed the advice of Alan and leave your existing Python 2.x install alone. For the exercises in your book, you should be able to include this line at the top of every script and it'll work just fine. I can't remember, you may need to chmod +x in order for this to work. Anyone? #! /usr/bin/python3 Or, use python3 to open the script from the command line: connor@linuxbox# python3 script.py This is how I test on my Ubuntu install. -Original Message- From: tutor-bounces+jeremy.clark=ucr@python.org [mailto:tutor-bounces+jeremy.clark=ucr@python.org] On Behalf Of Alan Gauld Sent: Tuesday, August 16, 2011 9:07 AM To: tutor@python.org Subject: Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it On 16/08/11 10:14, Lisi wrote: On Tuesday 16 August 2011 09:05:44 Alan Gauld wrote: You might need to ensure that you have at least 1 version of Python2 around because a lot of Linux tools are still written in v2 and might break if you uninstall all v2 versions... Thanks for that, Alan. I knew that I had Python 2 by default and did not have to install it, but had not queried why. It can be hard to tell, sometimes distro designers just think something is useful. For example many Linux users nowadays have no use for gcc but it is usually packaged anyway. If it was already on the system , I wonder why the OP needed to install it? I suspect that the default was probably version 2.5 or 2.6 (My Ubuntu 10.04 has 2.6) So if OP installed 2.7 it would be additional. My concern was that if they uninstalled 2.7 the default would revert to 2.6 (or whatever) and they might then be tempted to uninstall that too! -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Passing functions(with parameters) as paramiters to (looping)functions.
On 08/16/2011 01:46 PM, Peter Otten wrote: Jeff Peters wrote: Hi; I am trying to run a function inside a continuing loop, but do not seem to be able to pass any parameters (arguments ) when I do so. I have placed working and non-working code , with output below. ## This works: def loop(fn ): for i in range(5): fn( ) def this_function(a= i am not a string): print( a ) loop(this_function) ## with output: i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string i am not a string ## But , this does not : def loop(fn ): for i in range(5): fn( ) def this_function(a= i am not a string): print( a ) loop(this_function(I am a string) ) ## note the only change is here You are calling this_function() and then pass the result of the function call to your other function loop(). Instead you need another function that builds a function that calls this_function() with the desired argument: def loop(f): ... for i in range(5): ... f() ... def this_function(a): ... print(a) ... def make_function(f, arg): ... def g(): ... f(arg) ... return g ... loop(make_function(this_function, foo)) foo foo foo foo foo loop(make_function(this_function, bar)) bar bar bar bar bar Of course you could also change loop() to pass on arbitrary arguments: def loop(f, *args, **kw): ... for i in range(3): ... f(*args, **kw) ... loop(print, 1, 2) 1 2 1 2 1 2 loop(print, 1, 2, sep=--) 1--2 1--2 1--2 Because building a function that just calls another function with some predefined arguments is a common need the standard library has functools.partial(): from functools import partial print42 = partial(print, 42) print42() 42 loop(print42) 42 42 42 Another variant is a lambda function with a default argument: loop(lambda a=whatever: print(a)) whatever whatever whatever ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor Thanks, that is what I needed. not splitting the function name and argument list was my problem. and the function creator idea really appeals thanks again - jeff ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
I can't remember, you may need to chmod +x in order for this to work. Anyone? You need to chmod if you want to call the script via shebang (./script.py). If you are calling it by doing 'python3 script.py' then you do not need it as python3 should already be executable. Ramit Ramit Prasad | JPMorgan Chase Investment Bank | Currencies Technology 712 Main Street | Houston, TX 77002 work phone: 713 - 216 - 5423 -Original Message- From: tutor-bounces+ramit.prasad=jpmorgan@python.org [mailto:tutor-bounces+ramit.prasad=jpmorgan@python.org] On Behalf Of Jeremy G Clark Sent: Tuesday, August 16, 2011 12:59 PM To: tutor@python.org Subject: Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it @ Connor -- you probably should heed the advice of Alan and leave your existing Python 2.x install alone. For the exercises in your book, you should be able to include this line at the top of every script and it'll work just fine. I can't remember, you may need to chmod +x in order for this to work. Anyone? #! /usr/bin/python3 Or, use python3 to open the script from the command line: connor@linuxbox# python3 script.py This is how I test on my Ubuntu install. -Original Message- From: tutor-bounces+jeremy.clark=ucr@python.org [mailto:tutor-bounces+jeremy.clark=ucr@python.org] On Behalf Of Alan Gauld Sent: Tuesday, August 16, 2011 9:07 AM To: tutor@python.org Subject: Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it On 16/08/11 10:14, Lisi wrote: On Tuesday 16 August 2011 09:05:44 Alan Gauld wrote: You might need to ensure that you have at least 1 version of Python2 around because a lot of Linux tools are still written in v2 and might break if you uninstall all v2 versions... Thanks for that, Alan. I knew that I had Python 2 by default and did not have to install it, but had not queried why. It can be hard to tell, sometimes distro designers just think something is useful. For example many Linux users nowadays have no use for gcc but it is usually packaged anyway. If it was already on the system , I wonder why the OP needed to install it? I suspect that the default was probably version 2.5 or 2.6 (My Ubuntu 10.04 has 2.6) So if OP installed 2.7 it would be additional. My concern was that if they uninstalled 2.7 the default would revert to 2.6 (or whatever) and they might then be tempted to uninstall that too! -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor This email is confidential and subject to important disclaimers and conditions including on offers for the purchase or sale of securities, accuracy and completeness of information, viruses, confidentiality, legal privilege, and legal entity disclaimers, available at http://www.jpmorgan.com/pages/disclosures/email. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
Yes, that's what I was trying to say. Thanks for translating! :) -Original Message- From: Prasad, Ramit [mailto:ramit.pra...@jpmorgan.com] Sent: Tuesday, August 16, 2011 11:24 AM To: Jeremy G Clark; tutor@python.org Subject: RE: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it I can't remember, you may need to chmod +x in order for this to work. Anyone? You need to chmod if you want to call the script via shebang (./script.py). If you are calling it by doing 'python3 script.py' then you do not need it as python3 should already be executable. Ramit Ramit Prasad | JPMorgan Chase Investment Bank | Currencies Technology 712 Main Street | Houston, TX 77002 work phone: 713 - 216 - 5423 -Original Message- From: tutor-bounces+ramit.prasad=jpmorgan@python.org [mailto:tutor-bounces+ramit.prasad=jpmorgan@python.org] On Behalf Of Jeremy G Clark Sent: Tuesday, August 16, 2011 12:59 PM To: tutor@python.org Subject: Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it @ Connor -- you probably should heed the advice of Alan and leave your existing Python 2.x install alone. For the exercises in your book, you should be able to include this line at the top of every script and it'll work just fine. I can't remember, you may need to chmod +x in order for this to work. Anyone? #! /usr/bin/python3 Or, use python3 to open the script from the command line: connor@linuxbox# python3 script.py This is how I test on my Ubuntu install. -Original Message- From: tutor-bounces+jeremy.clark=ucr@python.org [mailto:tutor-bounces+jeremy.clark=ucr@python.org] On Behalf Of Alan Gauld Sent: Tuesday, August 16, 2011 9:07 AM To: tutor@python.org Subject: Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it On 16/08/11 10:14, Lisi wrote: On Tuesday 16 August 2011 09:05:44 Alan Gauld wrote: You might need to ensure that you have at least 1 version of Python2 around because a lot of Linux tools are still written in v2 and might break if you uninstall all v2 versions... Thanks for that, Alan. I knew that I had Python 2 by default and did not have to install it, but had not queried why. It can be hard to tell, sometimes distro designers just think something is useful. For example many Linux users nowadays have no use for gcc but it is usually packaged anyway. If it was already on the system , I wonder why the OP needed to install it? I suspect that the default was probably version 2.5 or 2.6 (My Ubuntu 10.04 has 2.6) So if OP installed 2.7 it would be additional. My concern was that if they uninstalled 2.7 the default would revert to 2.6 (or whatever) and they might then be tempted to uninstall that too! -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor This email is confidential and subject to important disclaimers and conditions including on offers for the purchase or sale of securities, accuracy and completeness of information, viruses, confidentiality, legal privilege, and legal entity disclaimers, available at http://www.jpmorgan.com/pages/disclosures/email. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] Message: pygobject_register_sinkfunc is deprecated (GtkWindow)
Hello List!
I just started to use PyGTK and Glade to create graphical interfaces, my
python interpreter version is 2.6.6; I also install the GTK2 Runtime
enviroment and Glade 3.6.6. I also installed in my computer
pycairo-1.8.10.win32-py2.6.exe, pygobject-2.26.0-1.win32-py2.6.exe and
pygtk-2.16.0+glade.win32-py2.6.exe so my graphic application will look and
work fine.
I tried to do an example in order to get familiar with this new tool, but
when I run the script I got the next message:
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84297, Aug 24 2010, 18:46:32) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)]
on
win32
Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information.
import glade1
** Message: pygobject_register_sinkfunc is deprecated (GtkWindow)
** Message: pygobject_register_sinkfunc is deprecated (GtkInvisible)
** Message: pygobject_register_sinkfunc is deprecated (GtkObject)
My code is:
import pygtk
pygtk.require(2.0)
import gtk
import gtk.glade
class MainWin:
def __init__(self):
self.widgets = gtk.glade.XML(ejemplo_glade.glade)
signals = { on_entry1_activate : self.on_button1_clicked,
on_button1_clicked : self.on_button1_clicked,
gtk_main_quit : gtk.main_quit }
self.widgets.signal_autoconnect(signals)
self.label1 = self.widgets.get_widget(label1)
self.entry1 = self.widgets.get_widget(entry1)
def on_button1_clicked(self, widget):
texto = self.entry1.get_text()
self.label1.set_text(Hola %s % texto)
if __name__ == __main__:
MainWin()
gtk.main()
Does my python libraries are the correct ones for my interpreter?
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Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
On Tuesday 16 August 2011 17:06:42 Alan Gauld wrote: It can be hard to tell, sometimes distro designers just think something is useful. lisi@Tux:~$ aptitude why python i reportbug Depends python (= 2.5) lisi@Tux:~$ !! Lisi ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
On Tuesday 16 August 2011 17:06:42 Alan Gauld wrote: My concern was that if they uninstalled 2.7 the default would revert to 2.6 (or whatever) and they might then be tempted to uninstall that too! Yes - mea culpa for not realising that. Mind you, if I had investigated my own system I would hardly have come to the conclusion that Python was essential. Lisi ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
On Tue, Aug 16, 2011 at 4:35 PM, Lisi lisi.re...@gmail.com wrote: lisi@Tux:~$ aptitude why python i reportbug Depends python (= 2.5) lisi@Tux:~$ Keep in mind that that command only shows you a single dependency chain. Try again with aptitude -v why python to see all of the dependencies. On my ubuntu 11.04 machine, that command produces over 9000 lines of output, and over 800 distinct packages that depend on python in one way or another. -- Jerry ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
On Tuesday 16 August 2011 21:53:46 Jerry Hill wrote: On Tue, Aug 16, 2011 at 4:35 PM, Lisi lisi.re...@gmail.com wrote: lisi@Tux:~$ aptitude why python i reportbug Depends python (= 2.5) lisi@Tux:~$ Keep in mind that that command only shows you a single dependency chain. Try again with aptitude -v why python to see all of the dependencies. On my ubuntu 11.04 machine, that command produces over 9000 lines of output, and over 800 distinct packages that depend on python in one way or another. Thanks for that. Very illuminating and interesting. I hadn't come across that command before. (I tend to look things up in man aptitude rather than read it through.) But in my case it only served to illustrate that nothing of any real importance in my system depends on Python. In fact, not only were there no direct dependency chains leading to Python, since all of them had at least 2 suggests in the chain, the few things that did depend on Python, at the end of the chain, after the suggests, were mostly not installed, so would not have missed Python. Lisi ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] directory within directory
Thank you, that does create the directories in the new place but when I
process the data it does not put the outputs in the correct directory they
all end up in the last directory created.
Below is the code of what I am trying to do.
Any feedback will be greatly appreciated.
from netCDF4 import Dataset
import numpy as N
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
from netcdftime import utime
from datetime import datetime
import os
inputpath=r'E:/temp_samples2/'
outputpath=r'E:/figureoutputs/'
for (path, dirs, files) in os.walk(inputpath):
for dir in dirs:
print dir
sourcepath=os.path.join(path,dir)
relativepath=os.path.relpath(sourcepath,inputpath)
newdir=os.path.join(outputpath,relativepath)
if not os.path.exists(newdir):
os.makedirs(newdir)
for ncfile in files:
if ncfile[-3:]=='.nc':
ncfile=os.path.join(sourcepath,ncfile)
ncfile=Dataset(ncfile, 'r+', 'NETCDF4')
TSFC=ncfile.variables['T_SFC'][:,:,:]
LAT=ncfile.variables['latitude'][:]
LON=ncfile.variables['longitude'][:]
TIME=ncfile.variables['time'][:]
fillvalue=ncfile.variables['T_SFC']._FillValue
TSFC=MA.masked_values(TSFC, fillvalue)
ncfile.close()
for TSFC, TIME in zip((TSFC[4::24]),(TIME[4::24])):
print TSFC, TIME
#convert time from numbers to date and prepare it to have no
symbols for saving to filename
cdftime=utime('seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00')
ncfiletime=cdftime.num2date(TIME)
print ncfiletime
timestr=str(ncfiletime)
d = datetime.strptime(timestr, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
date_string = d.strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M')
print date_string
#Set up basemap using mercator projection
map = Basemap(projection='merc',llcrnrlat=-40,urcrnrlat=-33,
llcrnrlon=139.0,urcrnrlon=151.0,lat_ts=0,resolution='i')
# compute map projection coordinates for lat/lon grid.
x,y=map(*N.meshgrid(LON,LAT))
map.drawcoastlines(linewidth=0.5)
map.drawstates()
plt.title('Surface temperature at %s UTC'%ncfiletime)
ticks=[-5,0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50]
CS = map.contourf(x,y,TSFC, ticks, cmap=plt.cm.jet)
l,b,w,h =0.1,0.1,0.8,0.8
cax = plt.axes([l+w+0.025, b, 0.025, h], )
cbar=plt.colorbar(CS, cax=cax, drawedges=True)
#save map as *.png and plot netcdf file
plt.savefig((os.path.join(newdir,'TSFC'+date_string+'UTC.png')))
On Tue, Aug 16, 2011 at 6:21 PM, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote:
questions anon wrote:
I would like to open up a bunch of files within a folder within a folder
and then process them and output them in another location but with the
same folder structure. I seem to having trouble with the folder within
folder section.
I have a separate folder for each year and then within a year I have a
separate folder for each month but when I try to make a directory in a
new
location it does not place the month folders within the year folders,
instead they are all places in the outputpath together
any help will be greatly appreciated
import os
inputpath=r'E:/temp_samples2/'
outputpath=r'E:/figureoutputs/'
for (path, dirs, files) in os.walk(inputpath):
for dir in dirs:
print path, dir
newfolders=outputpath+dir
Using string concatenation to produce file paths is errorprone.
Have a look at the path manipulation functions that the os.path module has
to offer.
if not os.path.exists(newfolders):
os.makedirs(newfolders)
print newfolders
dir is just the directory name. You get the source directory with
sourcepath = os.path.join(path, dir)
Now you have to remove the start of the path with
relativepath = os.path.relpath(sourcepath, inputpath)
Finally add the outputpath:
newdir = os.path.join(outputpath, relativepath)
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Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
Connor Merritt wrote: So i installed python 2.7.1 on my linux and i bought a book that requires python 3 so installed python 3, and i used terminal and typed in python -V and it said 2.7.1 how do i get it to be 3 (i tried deleting it but i couldn't what should i do?) At the terminal, type python3 instead of python. -- Steven ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] numpy.mean across multiple netcdf files
Thanks Andre I had a go at following your advice but it didn't seem to work
(it kept focusing on the last loop and not combining them all together) so I
have posted a note on scipy user group instead (code below).
Also thanks for the advice regarding averaging!
from netCDF4 import Dataset
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as N
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import os
MainFolder=rE:/temp_samples/
for (path, dirs, files) in os.walk(MainFolder):
for dir in dirs:
print dir
for ncfile in files:
if ncfile[-3:]=='.nc':
ncfile=os.path.join(path,ncfile)
ncfile=Dataset(ncfile, 'r+', 'NETCDF4')
TSFC=ncfile.variables['T_SFC'][4::24]
LAT=ncfile.variables['latitude'][:]
LON=ncfile.variables['longitude'][:]
TIME=ncfile.variables['time'][:]
fillvalue=ncfile.variables['T_SFC']._FillValue
ncfile.close()
#calculate summary stats
big_array=[]
for i in TSFC:
big_array.append(i)
big_array=N.array(big_array)
Mean=N.mean(big_array, axis=0)
#plot output summary stats
map = Basemap(projection='merc',llcrnrlat=-40,urcrnrlat=-33,
llcrnrlon=139.0,urcrnrlon=151.0,lat_ts=0,resolution='i')
map.drawcoastlines()
map.drawstates()
x,y=map(*N.meshgrid(LON,LAT))
plt.title('Total Mean at 3pm')
ticks=[-5,0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50]
CS = map.contourf(x,y,Mean,ticks, cmap=plt.cm.jet)
l,b,w,h =0.1,0.1,0.8,0.8
cax = plt.axes([l+w+0.025, b, 0.025, h])
plt.colorbar(CS,cax=cax, drawedges=True)
plt.show()
On Thu, Aug 11, 2011 at 4:48 PM, Andre' Walker-Loud walksl...@gmail.comwrote:
Hello Anonymous Questioner,
First - you will probably be told this isn't the correct email list for
this question - this is a general python tutorial list, while your question
is numpy specific, so if this doesn't help, you should probably look to
another email list.
There are a couple general comments to make regarding your question.
Basically, you want to load all the data into one big numpy array.
Currently, it seems your data array has 3 indices, from this line
TSFC=ncfile.variables['T_SFC'][4::24,:,:]
you can make a larger array with one more index, where the new index runs
over files. So instead of looping over the files as you do, you can use the
loop to build the larger array.
I am sure there is a more elegant way to do this, but here is something
that is along the lines of what you want
big_array = []
for ncfile in files:
big_array.append(ncfile.variables['T_SFC'][4::24,:,:])
if all of your data you are taking from each file is the same size for all
the files, then you can declare the whole thing an array
big_array = N.array(big_array)
and then you can take averages very easily by specifying which index, or
indices you want to average over. If life is not so kind, and your files
are of different sizes, then you have to be more careful. But to give a
precise answer to your problem would require knowledge of what your data
files actually look like.
Also, a bit of caution with averaging (in case you are unfamiliar). Say
you have 5 data sets, and each one has a different amount of data in it. If
you first take the average of each set, you can not simply take the average
of those sets to produce the global average. You have to weight each set by
the amount of data you averaged. Say the length of the sets are
[N0,N1,N2,N3,N4] with average values [a0,a1,a2,a3,a4], then to produce the
global average, you need to take
avg = (1 / (N0+N1+N2+N3+N4) ) * (N0*a0 + N1*a1 + N2*a2 + N3*a3 + N4*a4)
a few lines of algebra can demonstrate this produces the average you would
get by combining all the data in all the sets and taking one big average.
Regards,
Andre
On Aug 10, 2011, at 6:57 PM, questions anon wrote:
I have many ncfiles each containing one month of hourly temperature data.
I have worked out how to loop through a number of ncfiles and calculate
the mean for each file at a particular time and even plot this and output as
a *.png.
What I am unsure of is how to calculate the mean at a particular time for
all files.
Do I somehow output the mean for each folder and then calculate the mean
of all the means? Or is there some way to loop through and calculate it
directly?
Below is the code I have working that calculates the mean for each file.
Any help will be greatly appreciated!!
from netCDF4 import Dataset
import numpy as N
MainFolder=rD:/temp_samples/
print MainFolder
for (path, dirs, files) in os.walk(MainFolder):
for dir in dirs:
print dir
path=path+'/'
for ncfile in files:
if ncfile[-3:]=='.nc':
print dealing with ncfiles:, ncfile
Re: [Tutor] which version do i have and how do i change it
On 16/08/11 21:53, Jerry Hill wrote: ... Try again with aptitude -v why python to see all of the dependencies. On my ubuntu 11.04 machine, that command produces over 9000 lines of output, And on my 10.04 LTS PC it gives too many lines to scroll back to the top (actually 1645 , I just checked :-) And interestingly dependencies include gimp, gedit and scribus, all things I use regularly. -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Tkinter: no module named messagebox
On 08/14/2011 02:29 AM, Peter Otten wrote:
brandon w wrote:
On 08/13/2011 04:49 PM, Peter Otten wrote:
How do I find the modules in Tkinter?
The simplest approach is probably to explore your file system:
Step 1: where's Tkinter?
$ python -c 'import Tkinter, os; print os.path.dirname(Tkinter.__file__)'
/usr/lib/python2.6/lib-tk
I have tried # 1. with another command but all I get is an error messages.
$ python -c 'import time, os; print os.path.dirname(time.__doc__)' #
This one gave no output.
You typed time.__doc__ instead of time.__file__. With the latter you'd get
an AttributeError because the time module is implemented in C.
$ python -c 'import time, strftime, os; print
os.path.dirname(strftime.__doc__)'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File string, line 1, inmodule
ImportError: No module named strftime
Well you cannot import a module that doesn't exist...
$ python -c 'import os; from time import strftime; print
os.path.dirname(strftime.__file__)'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File string, line 1, inmodule
AttributeError: 'builtin_function_or_method' object has no attribute
'__file__'
$ python -c 'import time, os; print os.path.dirname(time.__file__)'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File string, line 1, inmodule
File /usr/lib/python2.6/posixpath.py, line 119, in dirname
i = p.rfind('/') + 1
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'rfind'
$ python -c 'import time, os; print os.path.dirname(time.__package__)'
more errors
I am obviously doing something wrong.
The method to find the location of a module that I gave works only for
modules and only for modules implemented in Python. You can find both
functions and modules implemented in Python with inspect.getsourcefile():
from inspect import getsourcefile
import os
getsourcefile(os) # a module
'/usr/lib/python2.6/os.py'
getsourcefile(os.path) # another module with an interesting filename
'/usr/lib/python2.6/posixpath.py'
getsourcefile(os.walk) # a function implemented in Python
'/usr/lib/python2.6/os.py'
getsourcefile(os.mkdir) # a function implemented in C
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, inmodule
File /usr/lib/python2.6/inspect.py, line 441, in getsourcefile
filename = getfile(object)
File /usr/lib/python2.6/inspect.py, line 418, in getfile
raise TypeError('arg is not a module, class, method, '
TypeError: arg is not a module, class, method, function, traceback, frame,
or code object
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Thank a lot for your help. I will study what you have shown me.
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Re: [Tutor] Tkinter: no module named messagebox (brandon w)
On 08/14/2011 03:10 AM, Robert Sjoblom wrote: I have tried to follow the tutorial I found here: Python 2.7 Tutorial http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uh6AdDX7K7U This is what I have done so far: #!/usr/bin/python from Tkinter import * import Tkinter.MessageBox I figured I might as well, given how I recently had to learn about this, give you a heads up on imports. The format from module import * is not a very good idea: it makes your code harder to read (as the reader has to inspect each and every barename to check whether it's actually assigned locally OR comes from the deuced *). To quote the Zen of Python; namespaces are a honking great idea -- let's do more of those!. You can import modules with several different syntaxes: import importable import importable1, importable2, ..., importableN import importable as preferred_name Here importable is usually a module such as collections, but could be a package or module in a package, in which case each part is separated with a dot, for example os.path. The first two syntaxes are the simplest and also the safest because they avoid the possibility of having name conflicts, since they force us to always use fully qualified names. The third syntax allows us to give a name of our choice to the package or module we are importing. Theoretically, this could lead to name clashes, but in practice the import importable as syntax is used to avoid them. There are some other import syntaxes: from importable import object as preferred_name from importable import object1, object2, ..., objectN from importable import (object1, object2, ..., objectN) from importable import * In the last syntax, the * means import everything that is not private, which in practical terms means either that every object in the module is imported except for those whose names begin with a leading underscore, or, if the module has a global __all__ variable that holds a list of names, that all the objects in the __all__ variable are imported. The from importable import * syntax imports all the objects from the module (or all the modules from the package) -- this could be hundreds of names. In the case of from os.path import *, almost 40 names are imported, including dirname, exists, and split, any of which might be names we would prefer to use for our own variables or functions. For example, if we write from os.path import dirname we can conveniently call dirname() without qualification. But if further on in our code we write dirname = . the object reference dirname will now be bound to the string . instead of to the dirname() function, so if we try calling dirname() we will get a TypeError exception because dirname now refers to a string, and we can't call strings. However, given that Tkinter is such a huge package to begin with, I'd say that you should continue to use from Tkinter import *, but be aware of what you're doing when you type that, and that there is a certain risk of conflicts. best regards, Robert S. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor That is some really good information. Thank you for taking time to explain it all to me. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Tkinter: no module named messagebox (brandon w)
On 08/14/2011 11:14 AM, Alan Gauld wrote: On 14/08/11 14:07, Wayne Werner wrote: Of course I personally I usually do import Tkinter as tk Which means I only have to type 3 extra characters, but it removes any ambiguity - tk.Something had to come from Tkinter Thats exactly what I tend to do nowadays. I used to use the import * method for tkinter but eventually I got bit by a name clash and it took too long to realize the problem so I now use the import as tk shortcut except for very short scripts - usually just for tests or experiments.. Thanks. I just downloaded the pdf from your website. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] Printing in the same place
I am trying to print in the same place to make a clock in a tkinter
window. I will loop the following code to update the time.
This seems to work but it is not printing in the same place:
#!/usr/bin/python
#Python 2.6.6
import time
for t in range(5):
digits = time.strftime('%H:%M:%S')
print \r, digits
time.sleep(0.1)
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