[volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-17 Thread Ivan Cousins
John Phillips wrote:
I would think that a lot of the patents would be running out soon as if
that would make any difference.

I think that John Phillips is right.

Here are some patents related to the HP3458A.
It looks like all of these patents have expired.
A new instrument based on these concepts and schematics can be marked,
Protected by the following Patents.
US4357600
US4951053
US5148171
US5689260
etc ...


I do not own a HP3458A, but I admire the instrument and the people that
made it.
The best meter I own is a HP34401A.
It is good enough for the measurements I usually make.

Ivan Cousins
A time-nut since before 1974,
the year I started working at Tektronix.
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-15 Thread John Phillips
you could write your own front end using the IEEE 488 interface and make it
what ever you want.
excel can give you the graphic you are talking about and you have a lot
more control over what you get than any canned fronted could do.

On Thu, May 14, 2015 at 10:38 PM, Tom Knox act...@hotmail.com wrote:

 I think most of the top companies were founded by scientists and engineers
 and because of their roots in the scientific community they were very
 customer driven, but it seems recently most of the test and measurement
 companies have become stock-holder driven as the management with a
 background in science retire. In addition many of these large companies buy
 up the small start-ups from the Scientist and engineers that created them
 as an alternative to in house RD. Once purchased they are quickly
 transisioned to the stock-holder driven model. Sadly in some cases I think
 the philosophy is to buy all the competitors and control the market to the
 point that they don't need to provide the same level of products, support,
 and service we enjoyed in the past since there are few alternatives.  In
 this paradigm shift I think Keysight is better then most. I keep hoping
 they design a new meter to replace the 3458A or at least redesign the
 digital portion with a more freindly user interface,  per
  haps a menu driven color touch screen and the ability to stored and
 display data graphically. Who knows they may have something in the works.

 Thomas Knox



  From: alan.ambr...@anagram.net
  To: volt-nuts@febo.com
  Date: Thu, 14 May 2015 16:36:38 +
  Subject: Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to
 redesign
 
  Hi,
 
 
   Fluke has ... replaced the vacuum display with an LCD.
 
 
 
  I'm starting to worry about the great US test gear manufacturers :)
 
 
 
  Alan
  ___
  volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
  To unsubscribe, go to
 https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
  and follow the instructions there.

 ___
 volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
 To unsubscribe, go to
 https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
 and follow the instructions there.




-- 

*John Phillips*
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to, redesign

2015-05-15 Thread Dan Kemppainen


On 5/15/2015 12:00 PM, volt-nuts-requ...@febo.com wrote:

In this paradigm shift I think Keysight is better then most.


In my experience Agilent/Keysight has been very good. Had a signal 
generator long out of warranty, develop a problem with a front panel 
encoder. When calling for a replacement part they asked about why I 
needed the part...


To make a long story short I ended up sending the signal generator in 
for service work and new NIST calibration, all free of charge. For 
something 7 years out of warranty, I was very pleased. Been buying a lot 
of Agilent/Keysight since then.


Not saying one should expect this sort of service, but in at least one 
case they offered it!


Dan



___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-14 Thread ben
Overall,  I agree that a voltmeter such as the 3458A may not be cost 
effective any more to redesign all functions from the ground up. 

Consider that Fluke has re-released the Datron 1281 as its 8508 voltmeter. 
A quick view of the specs shows that Fluke has made marginal improvements 
to the DC volt side, good improvements to the DC current and Resistance 
side, but largely left the AC volt and AC current performance alone. Never 
mind the 8508A 20A current range, which seems to me like a bolted on 
afterthought.

Fluke has added functionality for PRT measurements, and replaced the vacuum 
display with an LCD. Does anyone want to check if Fluke kept the 68000 
processor and its architecture ? 

regards,
ben


 Original Message 
 From: Poul-Henning Kamp p...@phk.freebsd.dk
 Sent: Wednesday, May 13, 2015 4:55 PM
 To: Discussion of precise voltage measurement volt-nuts@febo.com, 
John Phillips john.philli...@gmail.com
 Subject: Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to 
redesign
 
 
 In message 
CANEyv6aTuFHYa17nkx3F7zTWqerTiC1o=D=fcz8sxar3zgp...@mail.gmail.com
 , John Phillips writes:
 
 I would think that a lot of the patents would be running out soon as if
 that would make any difference.
 
 I wrote copyright, not patent.
 
 Thanks to Disney copyright never runs out as long as a lawyer cares.
 
 -- 
 Poul-Henning Kamp   | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
 p...@freebsd.org | TCP/IP since RFC 956
 FreeBSD committer   | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
 Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by 
incompetence.
 ___
 volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
 To unsubscribe, go to 
https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
 and follow the instructions there. 


___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-14 Thread Alan Ambrose
Hi,


 Fluke has ... replaced the vacuum display with an LCD.



I'm starting to worry about the great US test gear manufacturers :)



Alan
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-14 Thread Tom Knox
I think most of the top companies were founded by scientists and engineers and 
because of their roots in the scientific community they were very customer 
driven, but it seems recently most of the test and measurement companies have 
become stock-holder driven as the management with a background in science 
retire. In addition many of these large companies buy up the small start-ups 
from the Scientist and engineers that created them as an alternative to in 
house RD. Once purchased they are quickly transisioned to the stock-holder 
driven model. Sadly in some cases I think the philosophy is to buy all the 
competitors and control the market to the point that they don't need to provide 
the same level of products, support, and service we enjoyed in the past since 
there are few alternatives.  In this paradigm shift I think Keysight is better 
then most. I keep hoping they design a new meter to replace the 3458A or at 
least redesign the digital portion with a more freindly user interface,  per
 haps a menu driven color touch screen and the ability to stored and display 
data graphically. Who knows they may have something in the works.

Thomas Knox



 From: alan.ambr...@anagram.net
 To: volt-nuts@febo.com
 Date: Thu, 14 May 2015 16:36:38 +
 Subject: Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign
 
 Hi,
 
 
  Fluke has ... replaced the vacuum display with an LCD.
 
 
 
 I'm starting to worry about the great US test gear manufacturers :)
 
 
 
 Alan
 ___
 volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
 To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
 and follow the instructions there.
  
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread Daniel Mendes



On 13/05/2015 03:14, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:

1980's.
In the HP3458A the cleverness is not just in the analogue stuff.
There is no way you could do something like that without stepping
over HP's software copyright.

You can probably get away with a FOSS project, provided you do it
in a way where people extract the necessary bits from their own
meter (using GPIB), but there is no way you can (legally) do it as
a commercial project.

That said, there are *so* many interesting things you could do with
that meter with improved software...



My (half) joke was that someday Keysight will need to address the 
unobtenium 68000 chips (and others) by emulating themselves all the 
digital parts of the meter...


Daniel
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread Daniel Mendes



On 13/05/2015 15:10, Oz-in-DFW wrote:

On 5/13/2015 1:02 PM, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:


In message 6.2.5.6.2.20150513113523.072f2...@comcast.net, Marv @ Home 
writes:


Aside, there are private fabrication houses that make short runs of
obsolete chips [...]

Ehh, dudes...  a m68k compatible chip is not unobtanium.

Besides, the HP3458A is written mostly in KR style C, using
IEEE floating point so porting it to another chip is not a big deal.


And now that you mention it, there are FPGA/ASIC 68K cores as well.



And now we returned to an emulated version of the original core, as my 
joke predicted  :D


Daniel
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread MARVIN
Yes, these folks do not market like the commercial side but there is a small 
industry supplying obsolete parts. They are not usually not focused to sell to 
the public. Sometimes, they just hunt around for NOS stored in some forgotten 
warehouse, then they test components to insure like new functionality. 

https://www.rocelec.com/obsolete-semiconductor-manufacturing/ 

http://www.xtremesemi.com/company_info.htm 

http://www.rfcafe.com/vendors/components/obsolete-components.htm 

As others have suggested, it likely will not be not cheap, so the cost to 
maintain old devices with obsolescent parts over the total cost of a redesign 
has to be a strong consideration. 


- Original Message -

From: Daniel Mendes dmend...@gmail.com 
To: Discussion of precise voltage measurement volt-nuts@febo.com 
Sent: Wednesday, May 13, 2015 12:55:30 PM 
Subject: Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign 


From the site you linked: Our life cycle management program assures 
you of a dependable, quality source of obsolete IC's forever.  

Now it was my turn of having a good laugh.. thanks for that, I didn´t 
knew that this service existed. 

Daniel 


___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread MARVIN
Sorry folks, sent too fast. Errors corrected. 

Yes, these folks do not market like the commercial side but there is a small 
industry supplying obsolete parts. They are not focused to sell to the public. 
Sometimes, they just hunt around for NOS stored in some forgotten warehouse, 
then they test components to insure like new functionality. 

https://www.rocelec.com/obsolete-semiconductor-manufacturing/ 

http://www.xtremesemi.com/company_info.htm 

http://www.rfcafe.com/vendors/components/obsolete-components.htm 

As others have suggested, it likely will not be cheap, so the cost to maintain 
old devices with obsolescent parts over the total cost of a redesign has to be 
a strong consideration. 
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread Didier Juges
Our life cycle management program assures you of a dependable, quality
source of obsolete IC's forever. 
No mention that the price may go up exponentially each time you ask for a
quote, and don't try to buy two dozens. They probably won't make a run for
 much less than several thousand pieces, and there will be steep lot
charges in addition to a very high unit price.
Been there, done that...

Didier KO4BB


On Wed, May 13, 2015 at 11:55 AM, Daniel Mendes dmend...@gmail.com wrote:


 From the site you linked: Our life cycle management program assures you
 of a dependable, quality source of obsolete IC's forever. 

 Now it was my turn of having a good laugh.. thanks for that, I didn´t knew
 that this service existed.

 Daniel


 On 13/05/2015 13:37, Marv @ Home wrote:

 Aside, there are private fabrication houses that make short runs of
 obsolete chips in order to keep mission critical electronics running, such
 as in aerospace and military applications.  I'm not sure what Keysight
 would actually do, but I would presume not only do they stockpile key
 parts, both active and passives, as well as full boards for board level
 swaps, but periodic re-checking their inventory for functional integrity
 can be a never ending task as components age beyond their expected
 operational life.  If parts truly were to become obsolete even beyond
 private fabrication, their management should design replacements boards and
 field test them way in advance of parts becoming extinct, until they
 decided the product was not worth maintaining.

 http://www.lansdale.com/


 ___
 volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
 To unsubscribe, go to
 https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
 and follow the instructions there.


 ___
 volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
 To unsubscribe, go to
 https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
 and follow the instructions there.

___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread Marv @ Home
Aside, there are private fabrication houses that make short runs of 
obsolete chips in order to keep mission critical electronics running, 
such as in aerospace and military applications.  I'm not sure what 
Keysight would actually do, but I would presume not only do they 
stockpile key parts, both active and passives, as well as full boards 
for board level swaps, but periodic re-checking their inventory for 
functional integrity can be a never ending task as components age 
beyond their expected operational life.  If parts truly were to 
become obsolete even beyond private fabrication, their management 
should design replacements boards and field test them way in advance 
of parts becoming extinct, until they decided the product was not 
worth maintaining.


http://www.lansdale.com/


___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread Daniel Mendes


From the site you linked: Our life cycle management program assures 
you of a dependable, quality source of obsolete IC's forever. 


Now it was my turn of having a good laugh.. thanks for that, I didn´t 
knew that this service existed.


Daniel

On 13/05/2015 13:37, Marv @ Home wrote:
Aside, there are private fabrication houses that make short runs of 
obsolete chips in order to keep mission critical electronics running, 
such as in aerospace and military applications.  I'm not sure what 
Keysight would actually do, but I would presume not only do they 
stockpile key parts, both active and passives, as well as full boards 
for board level swaps, but periodic re-checking their inventory for 
functional integrity can be a never ending task as components age 
beyond their expected operational life.  If parts truly were to become 
obsolete even beyond private fabrication, their management should 
design replacements boards and field test them way in advance of parts 
becoming extinct, until they decided the product was not worth 
maintaining.


http://www.lansdale.com/


___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to 
https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts

and follow the instructions there.


___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread John Phillips
They will buy several year worth of the chip when it is making its last
production run.

On Wed, May 13, 2015 at 6:17 AM, Daniel Mendes dmend...@gmail.com wrote:



 On 13/05/2015 03:14, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:

 1980's.
 In the HP3458A the cleverness is not just in the analogue stuff.
 There is no way you could do something like that without stepping
 over HP's software copyright.

 You can probably get away with a FOSS project, provided you do it
 in a way where people extract the necessary bits from their own
 meter (using GPIB), but there is no way you can (legally) do it as
 a commercial project.

 That said, there are *so* many interesting things you could do with
 that meter with improved software...


 My (half) joke was that someday Keysight will need to address the
 unobtenium 68000 chips (and others) by emulating themselves all the digital
 parts of the meter...

 Daniel

 ___
 volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
 To unsubscribe, go to
 https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
 and follow the instructions there.




-- 

*John Phillips*
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread Poul-Henning Kamp

In message 6.2.5.6.2.20150513113523.072f2...@comcast.net, Marv @ Home 
writes:

Aside, there are private fabrication houses that make short runs of 
obsolete chips [...]

Ehh, dudes...  a m68k compatible chip is not unobtanium.

Besides, the HP3458A is written mostly in KR style C, using
IEEE floating point so porting it to another chip is not a big deal.

-- 
Poul-Henning Kamp   | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
p...@freebsd.org | TCP/IP since RFC 956
FreeBSD committer   | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by incompetence.
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread Oz-in-DFW
On 5/13/2015 1:02 PM, Poul-Henning Kamp wrote:
 
 In message 6.2.5.6.2.20150513113523.072f2...@comcast.net, Marv @ Home 
 writes:

 Aside, there are private fabrication houses that make short runs of 
 obsolete chips [...]
 Ehh, dudes...  a m68k compatible chip is not unobtanium.

 Besides, the HP3458A is written mostly in KR style C, using
 IEEE floating point so porting it to another chip is not a big deal.

And now that you mention it, there are FPGA/ASIC 68K cores as well.

-- 
mailto:o...@ozindfw.net
Oz
POB 93167 
Southlake, TX 76092 (Near DFW Airport) 



___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread Poul-Henning Kamp

In message db3pr05mb171eddfb1237019d474778b95...@db3pr05mb171.eurprd05.prod.ou
tlook.com, Alan Ambrose writes:

Come on, we all know how this will end... a raspberry-pi like
processor running a virtual machine emulating the original processor
(running the same firmware) and taking care of everything digital,
and the analog asics doing what they do best HP48 style.

Daniel, that made me laugh :). Begs a question though - even if
Agilent or whoever they are called today don't have the smart
personnel or the market incentive to do a good job of bringing the
whole thing up-to-date, they could add a better display, better
connectivity, more stats, smaller packaging, more modern components
etc and leave the clever analogue stuff alone. Sooner or later,
someone is going to want to move the start of the art forward from
the late 1980's.

In the HP3458A the cleverness is not just in the analogue stuff.
There is no way you could do something like that without stepping
over HP's software copyright.

You can probably get away with a FOSS project, provided you do it
in a way where people extract the necessary bits from their own
meter (using GPIB), but there is no way you can (legally) do it as
a commercial project.

That said, there are *so* many interesting things you could do with
that meter with improved software...

-- 
Poul-Henning Kamp   | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
p...@freebsd.org | TCP/IP since RFC 956
FreeBSD committer   | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by incompetence.
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread Poul-Henning Kamp

In message CANEyv6aTuFHYa17nkx3F7zTWqerTiC1o=D=fcz8sxar3zgp...@mail.gmail.com
, John Phillips writes:

I would think that a lot of the patents would be running out soon as if
that would make any difference.

I wrote copyright, not patent.

Thanks to Disney copyright never runs out as long as a lawyer cares.

-- 
Poul-Henning Kamp   | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
p...@freebsd.org | TCP/IP since RFC 956
FreeBSD committer   | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by incompetence.
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-13 Thread John Phillips
I would think the code may be copyrighted.

On Wed, May 13, 2015 at 12:39 AM, acb...@gmx.de wrote:

 can you elaborate what copyright you think of. no one would make an exact
 copy of a PCB anyway, given many parts are obsolete and no smds used, and
 circuitries are generally not protected.




  Gesendet: Mittwoch, 13. Mai 2015 um 09:25 Uhr
  Von: Poul-Henning Kamp p...@phk.freebsd.dk
  An: Discussion of precise voltage measurement volt-nuts@febo.com,
 John Phillips john.philli...@gmail.com
  Betreff: Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to
 redesign
 
  
  In message CANEyv6aTuFHYa17nkx3F7zTWqerTiC1o=D=
 fcz8sxar3zgp...@mail.gmail.com
  , John Phillips writes:
 
  I would think that a lot of the patents would be running out soon as if
  that would make any difference.
 
  I wrote copyright, not patent.
 
  Thanks to Disney copyright never runs out as long as a lawyer cares.
 
  --
  Poul-Henning Kamp   | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
  p...@freebsd.org | TCP/IP since RFC 956
  FreeBSD committer   | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
  Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by
 incompetence.
  ___
  volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
  To unsubscribe, go to
 https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
  and follow the instructions there.
 
 ___
 volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
 To unsubscribe, go to
 https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
 and follow the instructions there.




-- 

*John Phillips*
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-12 Thread Alan Ambrose
Hi,



Come on, we all know how this will end... a raspberry-pi like processor running 
a virtual machine emulating the original processor (running the same firmware) 
and taking care of everything digital, and the analog asics doing what they do 
best HP48 style.


Daniel, that made me laugh :). Begs a question though - even if Agilent or 
whoever they are called today don't have the smart personnel or the market 
incentive to do a good job of bringing the whole thing up-to-date, they could 
add a better display, better connectivity, more stats, smaller packaging, more 
modern components etc and leave the clever analogue stuff alone. Sooner or 
later, someone is going to want to move the start of the art forward from the 
late 1980's.

Alan
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-11 Thread Will
I talked about this with a friend who works for the semiconductor
industry. He had a feeling that the new 3458A meters don't last as
long as the old ones.

He had compared two faulty Malaysia made meters with close serial
numbers and found a component which had a 1980s date code in one meter
and 1990s in another.

He was a little worried about the combination of manufacturing in
Malaysia and buying obsolete components probably from the local
sources. When fake and cleaned components have found their way to
trains, aeroplanes and even defence electronics, why would the 3458A
be an exception.


2015-05-08 15.38 UTC+03.00, frank.stellm...@freenet.de
frank.stellm...@freenet.de:

 Many components of the 3458A are already obsolete, or endangered by PTNs,
 not to speak about all these through-hole components. I've already seen
 pictures about a piggy-back solutions for several ICs, and maybe they have
 to use that already for the new production, especially the two fast
 comparators EL2010, U142  U181, used with the A/D.
 The 68HC000 is also obsolete in the DIL package, and the SMD package is 'not
 for new design' already.
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-11 Thread Daniel Mendes


Come on, we all know how this will end... a raspberry-pi like processor 
running a virtual machine emulating the original processor (running the 
same firmware) and taking care of everything digital, and the analog 
asics doing what they do best HP48 style.


Daniel

On 11/05/2015 06:11, Will wrote:

I talked about this with a friend who works for the semiconductor
industry. He had a feeling that the new 3458A meters don't last as
long as the old ones.

He had compared two faulty Malaysia made meters with close serial
numbers and found a component which had a 1980s date code in one meter
and 1990s in another.

He was a little worried about the combination of manufacturing in
Malaysia and buying obsolete components probably from the local
sources. When fake and cleaned components have found their way to
trains, aeroplanes and even defence electronics, why would the 3458A
be an exception.


2015-05-08 15.38 UTC+03.00, frank.stellm...@freenet.de
frank.stellm...@freenet.de:


Many components of the 3458A are already obsolete, or endangered by PTNs,
not to speak about all these through-hole components. I've already seen
pictures about a piggy-back solutions for several ICs, and maybe they have
to use that already for the new production, especially the two fast
comparators EL2010, U142  U181, used with the A/D.
The 68HC000 is also obsolete in the DIL package, and the SMD package is 'not
for new design' already.

___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-08 Thread acbern
Hello,
Your last statement actually could be a nice project in one of the well known 
blogs... 
I have thought about this as well. It should not be too complicated to do that. 
The core components the stability are defined through are not that many. ac 
current may be an issue though (I have seen surprising things using precision 
resistors for AC current measurements).

Regarding ohms transfer stability, the way to go may be, since we cannot do an 
error budget analysis of the circuitry, not knowing all the internals with 
enough detail (although the CLIP is readily available), to do a statistical 
analysis for each specific instrument the owner wants to qualify, say at the 
full digit (so. e.g. 10k) in accordance with GUM, to come up with data similar 
to what the Solartron 7071/81 has.


cheers

adrian




 Gesendet: Freitag, 08. Mai 2015 um 14:38 Uhr
 Von: frank.stellm...@freenet.de
 An: Volt-Nuts volt-nuts@febo.com
 Betreff: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

 Hello,
  
 Joe Geller once collected 3458A serial numbers, and concluded, that this 
 instrument maybe sold to about 50k units in these 25 years. It's not clear, 
 if it's still sold by high numbers, but the total turnover might have been 
 around 400M$, or 16M$/yr.
  
 In the end, that should be enough to finance a redesign, or a model facelift.
 This is urgently necessary, even if Keysight would not see a totally new or 
 increasing market for 8.5 digits DMMs, but only wants to still offer this 
 instrument 'as-is'.
 Many components of the 3458A are already obsolete, or endangered by PTNs, not 
 to speak about all these through-hole components. I've already seen pictures 
 about a piggy-back solutions for several ICs, and maybe they have to use that 
 already for the new production, especially the two fast comparators EL2010, 
 U142  U181, used with the A/D.
 The 68HC000 is also obsolete in the DIL package, and the SMD package is 'not 
 for new design' already.
  
 Therefore, a complete redesign, including the software architecture, is more 
 reasonable.
  
 Keysight would need the budget for that, but they are meanwhile also lacking 
 the brains, which have mostly left the company (Wayne C. Goeke, the inventor 
 of the A/D, joined Keithley, and Ronald L. Swerlein, the God-father of the 
 ACV processing, well he's retired, for some personal reasons, obviously).
  
 Then, another big problem would arise, that is the verification/validation of 
 the traceability of the 2 source / autocalibration feature.
 It would be not so easy to again achieve the acceptance of the 'metrological 
 community', if any of the crucial parts of this instrument would be touched.
 I assume, this direct acceptance in 1989 was only due to the close 
 cooperation with the NBS then, when they validated the ~0.02ppm linearity by 
 means of the new JJ array.
 
 I have read a lot about the history of the very similar FLUKE 5700/5720 
 artefact calibration.
 In contrast, it took FLUKE several years, before their instruments 
 experienced the same reputation.
  
 Well, the 3458A was designed for metrological use in 2nd instance only, due 
 to the 55°C ambient operating temperature, and these many compromises they 
 had to make concerning stability.. especially the LTZ1000A reference could 
 have been optimized greatly (8x) with 20°C lower ambient requirements, and a 
 bit more cleverness.
 Regarding this aspect, please compare the stability specs to other real 
 metrological instruments, like the FLUKE 732A/B, the 7001, and the 1281 / 
 8508A 8.5digits DMM.
  
 So, the 3458A was  mainly intended for military conditions, but also for 
 harsh industrial application, e.g. end of line testing at the manufacturing 
 line, where laboratory conditions can not be maintained.
  
 I also think, that the mediocre / cheap (copy-and-paste) design of these new 
 6.5 .. 7.5 digits DMMs still leaves a big field of other applications for 
 precise 8.5 digits DMMs, as it always has been..
 .
 I used this instrument already in 1990, at university, for high SNR, low 
 distortion digitizing @ 16bit/100kHz or 18bit/50kHz, down to -100dB / 0.001%, 
 single shot.
 The 3458A may still be benchmark in this category, probably also compared to 
 modern delta sigma A/Ds, but for sure compared to the recent, new 6.5 and 7.5 
 DMMs.
 For my experiments, I also had the necessity to design and to adjust several 
 precision current sources, DCI  0.01%, ACI  0.05%.
 That's not yet a true 'metrological' application.. But if you study the 
 specifications of these new DMMs, even the 7.5digits 344470A will still not 
 manage that level of uncertainty, if you take the 90 days spec, or their 
 T.C.s.
  
 Generally, their crucial parameters do not fit their resolution.
 All of them have an A/D (multislope IV), wich are linear to 1..3 ppm only.
 A 7.5 digit instrument would instead require 0.1ppm linearity, otherwise the 
 resolution is useless. For that reason also, the featured autocal

[volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-08 Thread frank . stellmach
Hello,
 
Joe Geller once collected 3458A serial numbers, and concluded, that this 
instrument maybe sold to about 50k units in these 25 years. It's not clear, if 
it's still sold by high numbers, but the total turnover might have been around 
400M$, or 16M$/yr.
 
In the end, that should be enough to finance a redesign, or a model facelift.
This is urgently necessary, even if Keysight would not see a totally new or 
increasing market for 8.5 digits DMMs, but only wants to still offer this 
instrument 'as-is'.
Many components of the 3458A are already obsolete, or endangered by PTNs, not 
to speak about all these through-hole components. I've already seen pictures 
about a piggy-back solutions for several ICs, and maybe they have to use that 
already for the new production, especially the two fast comparators EL2010, 
U142  U181, used with the A/D.
The 68HC000 is also obsolete in the DIL package, and the SMD package is 'not 
for new design' already.
 
Therefore, a complete redesign, including the software architecture, is more 
reasonable.
 
Keysight would need the budget for that, but they are meanwhile also lacking 
the brains, which have mostly left the company (Wayne C. Goeke, the inventor of 
the A/D, joined Keithley, and Ronald L. Swerlein, the God-father of the ACV 
processing, well he's retired, for some personal reasons, obviously).
 
Then, another big problem would arise, that is the verification/validation of 
the traceability of the 2 source / autocalibration feature.
It would be not so easy to again achieve the acceptance of the 'metrological 
community', if any of the crucial parts of this instrument would be touched.
I assume, this direct acceptance in 1989 was only due to the close cooperation 
with the NBS then, when they validated the ~0.02ppm linearity by means of the 
new JJ array.

I have read a lot about the history of the very similar FLUKE 5700/5720 
artefact calibration.
In contrast, it took FLUKE several years, before their instruments experienced 
the same reputation.
 
Well, the 3458A was designed for metrological use in 2nd instance only, due to 
the 55°C ambient operating temperature, and these many compromises they had to 
make concerning stability.. especially the LTZ1000A reference could have been 
optimized greatly (8x) with 20°C lower ambient requirements, and a bit more 
cleverness.
Regarding this aspect, please compare the stability specs to other real 
metrological instruments, like the FLUKE 732A/B, the 7001, and the 1281 / 8508A 
8.5digits DMM.
 
So, the 3458A was  mainly intended for military conditions, but also for harsh 
industrial application, e.g. end of line testing at the manufacturing line, 
where laboratory conditions can not be maintained.
 
I also think, that the mediocre / cheap (copy-and-paste) design of these new 
6.5 .. 7.5 digits DMMs still leaves a big field of other applications for 
precise 8.5 digits DMMs, as it always has been..
.
I used this instrument already in 1990, at university, for high SNR, low 
distortion digitizing @ 16bit/100kHz or 18bit/50kHz, down to -100dB / 0.001%, 
single shot.
The 3458A may still be benchmark in this category, probably also compared to 
modern delta sigma A/Ds, but for sure compared to the recent, new 6.5 and 7.5 
DMMs.
For my experiments, I also had the necessity to design and to adjust several 
precision current sources, DCI  0.01%, ACI  0.05%.
That's not yet a true 'metrological' application.. But if you study the 
specifications of these new DMMs, even the 7.5digits 344470A will still not 
manage that level of uncertainty, if you take the 90 days spec, or their T.C.s.
 
Generally, their crucial parameters do not fit their resolution.
All of them have an A/D (multislope IV), wich are linear to 1..3 ppm only.
A 7.5 digit instrument would instead require 0.1ppm linearity, otherwise the 
resolution is useless. For that reason also, the featured autocal function does 
not work like in the 3458A, not a quarter as good!
 
Same goes for the mid and long term stability and the T.C.s of the references 
and the ranges.. these are 2 or even 3 orders of magnitude beyond the claimed 
resolution.. that simply does not match.
 
The 3458A instead gives much better reliability, and comfortableness to the 
user, especially by it's unique autocal feature, which relevance can't be 
emphasized enough. 
Also, only the 0.02ppm linearity legitimates the 8.5digit resolution, and 
allows ultra precise ratio measurements.
 

A revised version should have lower ambient temperature specification, if used 
in metrology, more stable Volt and Ohm references, and better resistor 
networks, like in the 1281/8508A.
(It's a shame, that the 3458A does not even have Ohm transfer uncertainty 
specification, and only 12ppm uncertainty for 1KV DC.)
Then it would be prepared also for the upcoming uncertainty improvements on the 
electrical units in 2018, by the planned new definition of the SI. The 
uncertainty will jump from about 0.2ppm down to 

Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-07 Thread Ken Peek
What I was talking about, is the ASIC, not the DMM itself.  AND, in the
context of the fact that [today] you would just not sell enough 8.5-digit
meters to justify the development of a new ASIC.  I imagine that ASIC took
many spins through the fab to get it right, and *today* that would be in
the millions.  Combine that with the cost to re-design this meter [the
team, the time, the resources, etc.], and you would end up with a meter
that was so expensive that nobody would want to buy it.

I also suspect that even more than the military, the semiconductor
manufacturers will use many of the 3458A's [thousands of them for each
manufacturer], and I can't imagine them investing in equipment like that
unless HP/Agilent/Keysight would guarantee [in writing] long term support
for their investment.

The 3458A is not a DMM that you would use for casual bench use [for working
on other equipment] unless what you are working on requires that kind of
precision.  For repair work, most people prefer a hand-held DMM or a
6.5-digit bench DMM if more precision is required.  So, the user interface
of the 3458A is not likely to get a new updated look for a long time [if
ever], because the market will simply not support the development costs.
Even if Keysight were to come out with a new 8.5-digit DMM that was just
a 3458A analog board attached to new digital electronics and an upgraded
touch display, it would not have any better specs over the 3458A, so many
that already have a 3458A would not upgrade.

In short, there is just no compelling business reason to spend a lot of
money developing a new 8.5+ digit DMM, and I don't see that idea going
anywhere.  There may in fact BE an ongoing redevelopment effort within
Keysight, but it is my opinion that the new design will never be released
into production.  The business executives in Keysight [who are pretty smart
people], will want to see a return on investment, and there will be none of
that, so why bother?

I happen to own an older HP-branded 3458A, and I think it is the bee's
knees, and would not upgrade [at probably US$12K+] if a new 8.5+ digit
meter came out.  How about others on this list?  What say you?  If Keysight
were to release a new DMM with a new beautiful interface, but with the
same analog electronics as are in the 3458A, and they priced it at [say]
US$12K, would you sell your 3458A on fleaBay, and then buy one of these new
meters, even though the specs are exactly the same as your old meter?
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-07 Thread John Phillips
There is no point of change for change sake. What would I get that I do not
have now?

If it was faster and more stable (cut the temp coefficient and noise and
have a 1 ppm / year drift rate) it may be enough for some to justify but
not me.

Maybe if they could put a 3458A in a 3457A box with the multiplexer setup
the 3457A has there could be some interest but they would still have to
give me more stability and accuracy and make it sample faster. In short
make it more accurate and more channels.

I just do not see any mass market for such a device.

The other upgrade problem you have is a lot of these units are hard wired
into tests that have been running the same software for years and all that
would have to be certified. The test documents have 3458A listed as the
meter to use and it takes a lot of work to get someone to sigh off on a
different meter even if it is better.

There are cases where old 4.5 digit meters live because it is more cost
effective to replace the old meters with the same old model than to get
approval for  a new lower cost meter.
​
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-03 Thread Poul-Henning Kamp

In message cafownwcwaz3f931thbhx+e2otvt+hbpq3rxtd+gomm9uibs...@mail.gmail.com
, Jan Fredriksson writes:

 Could you say a bit more about this? Did the 3458A not make
economic sense for HP at the time? Is nobody buying 8.5s these days?

It's an interesting historical confluence:  8.5's are the clippers of DVMs.

8.5 only makes sense two places: fundamental/high-end metrology
and basic research.

Everybody else are totally fine with 7.5 and very few actually need
more than 6.5 (specifying the temperature of your aligator-clips
gets old really fast.)

The 3458A made it possible to validate the josephson junction as
SI voltage reference -- which ironically made the 3458A surplus to
metrology requirements:  Now you can generate any voltage you want
on demand.

That leaves a theoretical market in basic research, but that's a
very small market which will happily pay a phd-theses for a prototype,
but unless its on CERN scale, production runs are never an option.

-- 
Poul-Henning Kamp   | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
p...@freebsd.org | TCP/IP since RFC 956
FreeBSD committer   | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by incompetence.
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-03 Thread John Allen
Hi Ben and all - As you probably know, Keysight is still selling new 3458As,  
Starting From US$ 9,586

Regards,  John, K1AE

-Original Message-
From: volt-nuts [mailto:volt-nuts-boun...@febo.com] On Behalf Of ben
Sent: Sunday, May 03, 2015 8:47 AM
To: Discussion of precise voltage measurement
Subject: Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

Hello,

I note lots of Defence procedures used in their metrology labs still 
require a 3458A as a core item, even for more mundane measurements. Defence 
seemingly are not switching over to newer voltmeters, or writing out the 
need for a 3458A. While defence are still maintaining old platforms it 
makes sense to them in keeping the originally specified test equipment in 
the relevant procedure - so long as HP keeps supporting the 3458A.

ben


 Original Message 
 From: Poul-Henning Kamp p...@phk.freebsd.dk
 Sent: Sunday, May 03, 2015 4:58 PM
 To: Discussion of precise voltage measurement volt-nuts@febo.com, 
Jan Fredriksson j...@41hz.com
 Subject: Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to 
redesign
 
 
 In message 
cafownwcwaz3f931thbhx+e2otvt+hbpq3rxtd+gomm9uibs...@mail.gmail.com
 , Jan Fredriksson writes:
 
  Could you say a bit more about this? Did the 3458A not make
 economic sense for HP at the time? Is nobody buying 8.5s these days?
 
 It's an interesting historical confluence:  8.5's are the clippers of 
DVMs.
 
 8.5 only makes sense two places: fundamental/high-end metrology
 and basic research.
 
 Everybody else are totally fine with 7.5 and very few actually need
 more than 6.5 (specifying the temperature of your aligator-clips
 gets old really fast.)
 
 The 3458A made it possible to validate the josephson junction as
 SI voltage reference -- which ironically made the 3458A surplus to
 metrology requirements:  Now you can generate any voltage you want
 on demand.
 
 That leaves a theoretical market in basic research, but that's a
 very small market which will happily pay a phd-theses for a prototype,
 but unless its on CERN scale, production runs are never an option.
 
 -- 
 Poul-Henning Kamp   | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
 p...@freebsd.org | TCP/IP since RFC 956
 FreeBSD committer   | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
 Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by 
incompetence.
 ___
 volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
 To unsubscribe, go to 
https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
 and follow the instructions there. 


___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
http://www.avast.com

___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-03 Thread Poul-Henning Kamp

In message 4092c05$6a20decb$7a77bc81$@com, ben writes:

I note lots of Defence procedures used in their metrology labs still 
require a 3458A as a core item, even for more mundane measurements.

One of the biggest advantages of the 3458A over any meter before
or after, is how simple it is to calibrate.  They like that.


-- 
Poul-Henning Kamp   | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
p...@freebsd.org | TCP/IP since RFC 956
FreeBSD committer   | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by incompetence.
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-03 Thread ben
Hello,

I note lots of Defence procedures used in their metrology labs still 
require a 3458A as a core item, even for more mundane measurements. Defence 
seemingly are not switching over to newer voltmeters, or writing out the 
need for a 3458A. While defence are still maintaining old platforms it 
makes sense to them in keeping the originally specified test equipment in 
the relevant procedure - so long as HP keeps supporting the 3458A.

ben


 Original Message 
 From: Poul-Henning Kamp p...@phk.freebsd.dk
 Sent: Sunday, May 03, 2015 4:58 PM
 To: Discussion of precise voltage measurement volt-nuts@febo.com, 
Jan Fredriksson j...@41hz.com
 Subject: Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to 
redesign
 
 
 In message 
cafownwcwaz3f931thbhx+e2otvt+hbpq3rxtd+gomm9uibs...@mail.gmail.com
 , Jan Fredriksson writes:
 
  Could you say a bit more about this? Did the 3458A not make
 economic sense for HP at the time? Is nobody buying 8.5s these days?
 
 It's an interesting historical confluence:  8.5's are the clippers of 
DVMs.
 
 8.5 only makes sense two places: fundamental/high-end metrology
 and basic research.
 
 Everybody else are totally fine with 7.5 and very few actually need
 more than 6.5 (specifying the temperature of your aligator-clips
 gets old really fast.)
 
 The 3458A made it possible to validate the josephson junction as
 SI voltage reference -- which ironically made the 3458A surplus to
 metrology requirements:  Now you can generate any voltage you want
 on demand.
 
 That leaves a theoretical market in basic research, but that's a
 very small market which will happily pay a phd-theses for a prototype,
 but unless its on CERN scale, production runs are never an option.
 
 -- 
 Poul-Henning Kamp   | UNIX since Zilog Zeus 3.20
 p...@freebsd.org | TCP/IP since RFC 956
 FreeBSD committer   | BSD since 4.3-tahoe
 Never attribute to malice what can adequately be explained by 
incompetence.
 ___
 volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
 To unsubscribe, go to 
https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
 and follow the instructions there. 


___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.


Re: [volt-nuts] *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign

2015-05-02 Thread Jan Fredriksson
As far as I know, the 3458A was bought by the thousands by defense and
space organizations. I'd guess no-one else would support that kind of
development. Well maybe the telecom sector if there was a need for
such an instrument.

 No one else ever will. *WAY* too expensive for even Keysight to redesign 
 these days.  Just is not going to happen...

 Could you say a bit more about this? Did the 3458A not make economic sense 
 for HP at the time? Is nobody buying 8.5s these days? The reason I ask is 
 that I think we all have the general sense that as technology advances, 
 getting to any particular  design objective gets slowing easier as the years 
 roll on. This would be an interesting data point to illustrate why that isn't 
 always so. Possible to say more?

 Alan
___
volt-nuts mailing list -- volt-nuts@febo.com
To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/volt-nuts
and follow the instructions there.