Re: [Vo]:News from Japan

2008-06-23 Thread Wesley Bruce

Jones Beene wrote:


This blogster apparently is taking a comical view of
it:

http://icantseeyou.typepad.com/my_weblog/2008/06/genepax-unveils-a-car-that-generates-electricity-with-only-water-air.html

However, other sources say the output is only 300
watts, and that the power unit was shown openly at a
trade show recently. A reactive metal is used to split
the water - but is consumed very slowly. Very
confusing... and they do NOT claim overunity, so do
not get too excited. Consumable metals will not be a
viable way to get hydrogen, if that is what it is.
 

Not quite Aluminium has almost as much potential as petrol or ethanol so 
if they are oxidising the metal and then can swap the cell out daily 
with a new one regenerating the cell with a renewable energy it could in 
theory work. But these guys from japan aren't close if 300 wats is all 
they have. I can do better with store bought al foil and sodium 
hydroxide. Youtube has a half dozen demos. 
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7FmrOatEEAfeature=related 
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7FmrOatEEAfeature=related

Is this the only guy on youtube that thinks to ware gloves?!?
A safe design under the hood and solar powered aluminum reduction would 
be interesting. Aluminium air batteries are on the cards and zinc air 
and nickel zinc are here today. http://www.evionyx.com/



That would mean that even if your let it charge for 23
hours plus out of every day, that the ~7 kW is not
much to use - and you could barely get to the corner
grocery store and back before draining a battery.




--- Jones Beene wrote:

 

Not to be outdone by the GMs Volt 
   



 


Could be a major breakthrough
...or not
   




http://www.engadget.com/2008/06/13/genepax-shows-off-water-powered-fuel-cell-vehicle/



 





[Vo]:Re: Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer

2008-06-23 Thread Michel Jullian

- Original Message - 
From: Wesley Bruce [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Sent: Saturday, June 21, 2008 3:40 PM
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer


 Michel Jullian wrote:
 
Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer presented by CEO Martin Roscheisen 
here, with a video:

http://www.nanosolar.com/blog3/

If they sell the panels at $1/W as announced, they are aiming at a $1B annual 
income, not too shabby :)

Michel

  

 Note also its not just the cells their selling but their selling the 
 machine that makes the cells.

Are you sure? Where do they say so?

 Its not the only machine they have running 
 and there's one in germany.

Their plant in Germany only assembles panels from cells made in their US plant 
AFAIK. The US plant also produces some panels.

 Did you see how much empty space the factory has? They could build a few 
 more yet in just that factory alone. Awesome!

Indeed!

Michel



[Vo]:Re: Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer

2008-06-23 Thread Michel Jullian

- Original Message - 
From: Horace Heffner [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Sent: Saturday, June 21, 2008 1:51 PM
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer


 
 On Jun 21, 2008, at 3:12 AM, Michel Jullian wrote:
 
 Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer presented by CEO Martin  
 Roscheisen here, with a video:

 http://www.nanosolar.com/blog3/

 If they sell the panels at $1/W as announced, they are aiming at a  
 $1B annual income, not too shabby :)

 Michel
 
 Yes, but that is just for one 1GW CIGS coater, which cost $1.65  
 million.  On that basis, Nanosolar should be financially capable of  
 sustaining 10x to 100x per year growth rate - until resources, like  
 supplies, staff, land, or customers run out.

True, their growth rate promises to be astronomical (Jones wouldn't agree ;)

  The major impediments  
 to going all solar are bulk energy storage, i.e. large battery or  
 hydrogen generating systems, and low cost energy transmission systems.

Storage is improving, latest lithium ion batteries for electric cars with tens 
of thousands of cycles lifetime e.g. altairnano seem promising, couldn't 
utilities give rebates to customers accepting to store energy for them in their 
sometimes underused car batteries?

As for transmission, what's wrong with current electric power transmission 
lines?

Michel



Re: [Vo]:News from Japan

2008-06-23 Thread Mike Carrell
Before you get excited about aluminum batteries, do a *life cycle check*. 
Aluminum is plentiful as its oxide. Purifying it is done by electrolysis, 
using *lots* of electrical energy for refineries next to hydroelectric 
plants.


Mike Carrell

===
- Original Message - 
From: Wesley Bruce [EMAIL PROTECTED]

To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Sent: Monday, June 23, 2008 2:56 AM
Subject: Re: [Vo]:News from Japan



Jones Beene wrote:


This blogster apparently is taking a comical view of
it:

http://icantseeyou.typepad.com/my_weblog/2008/06/genepax-unveils-a-car-that-generates-electricity-with-only-water-air.html

However, other sources say the output is only 300
watts, and that the power unit was shown openly at a
trade show recently. A reactive metal is used to split
the water - but is consumed very slowly. Very
confusing... and they do NOT claim overunity, so do
not get too excited. Consumable metals will not be a
viable way to get hydrogen, if that is what it is.

Not quite Aluminium has almost as much potential as petrol or ethanol so 
if they are oxidising the metal and then can swap the cell out daily with 
a new one regenerating the cell with a renewable energy it could in theory 
work. But these guys from japan aren't close if 300 wats is all they have. 
I can do better with store bought al foil and sodium hydroxide. Youtube 
has a half dozen demos. 
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7FmrOatEEAfeature=related 
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7FmrOatEEAfeature=related

Is this the only guy on youtube that thinks to ware gloves?!?
A safe design under the hood and solar powered aluminum reduction would be 
interesting. Aluminium air batteries are on the cards and zinc air and 
nickel zinc are here today. http://www.evionyx.com/



That would mean that even if your let it charge for 23
hours plus out of every day, that the ~7 kW is not
much to use - and you could barely get to the corner
grocery store and back before draining a battery.




--- Jones Beene wrote:



Not to be outdone by the GMs Volt




Could be a major breakthrough
...or not



http://www.engadget.com/2008/06/13/genepax-shows-off-water-powered-fuel-cell-vehicle/







This Email has been scanned for all viruses by Medford Leas I.T. 
Department. 




[Vo]:irrational thinking

2008-06-23 Thread Taylor J. Smith
Hi All,

Now Mohamed ElBaradei follows in the footsteps of
Admiral Fallon.

Jack Smith

Ed Storms wrote on 6-20-08:

``If you would like to understand the irrational thinking
that drives the policy with respect to Iran and Israel,
read this article.''

http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2008/06/iran-neocons-sa.html


``NEWS ARTICLE from The Los Angeles Times, 6-19-08,

IRAN: Stop nukes by bombing oil wells, neocons suggest

Why attack Iran's nuclear facilities when striking their
oil infrastructure would be much more effective in the
scope of a US-led preventive war? Sure, oil prices might
skyrocket and the world economy might collapse. But, hey,
that's the price you pay for security ...''

--

http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/nuclear-chief-warns-against-strike-on-iran/2008/06/22/1214073053820.html

NEWS ARTICLE from The Sydney Morning Herald, 6-23-08,

by Agence France Presse, Reuters

``Nuclear chief warns against strike on Iran

DUBAI: The head of the United Nations atomic watchdog has
warned that an attack on Iran over its nuclear program
would turn the region into a fireball..

Mohamed ElBaradei also warned he would not be able
to continue in his role as director-general of the
International Atomic Energy Agency if the Islamic republic
were attacked.

A military strike [against Iran] would in my opinion be
worse than anything else. It would transform the Middle
East region into a ball of fire, he said in an interview
with Al-Arabiya television.

The New York Times on Friday quoted US officials as saying
a big Israeli military exercise this month, involving
more than 100 fighter jets in the Mediterranean, seemed
to be a preparation for a potential strike against Iran's
nuclear facilities.

In Athens, an official with the Greek Air Force's central
command confirmed the substance of the report, stating that
Greek units had taken part in joint training exercises
with Israel off the Mediterranean island of Crete ...

Dr. ElBaradei said any attack would simply harden Iran's
position in its row with the West over its nuclear program.

A military strike would spark the launch of an emergency
program to make atomic weapons, with the support of all
Iranians, including those living abroad, he said ...''

---

http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-saudi23-2008jun23,0,4540236.story

NEWS ARTICLE from The Los Angeles Times, 6-23-08,

By Sebastian Abbot, The Associated Press

``Saudi Arabia makes vague pledge to boost oil output

JIDDA, SAUDI ARABIA -- Facing strong U.S. pressure and
global dismay over oil prices, Saudi Arabia said Sunday
that it would produce more crude this year if the market
needed it.

The vague pledge fell far short of U.S. hopes for a
specific increase and may do little to lower prices
immediately.

For now, the current oil shock leaves Western countries
with little choice but to move toward nuclear power
and change their energy-consumption habits, British
Prime Minister Gordon Brown warned at a rare meeting of
oil-producing and consuming nations.

Saudi Arabia -- the world's top crude exporter -- called
the gathering Sunday to send a message that it too is
concerned by high oil prices inflicting economic pain
worldwide.

Instead, the meeting highlighted the sharp disagreement
between producers such as Saudi Arabia and consuming
countries such as Britain and the United States over the
core factors driving steep price hikes. Oil closed near
$135 a barrel Friday -- almost double the price a year ago.

The cost of gasoline also has become a sore point in the
U.S. presidential race, with President Bush and presumed
Republican nominee John McCain calling on Congress
to lift its long-standing ban on offshore oil and gas
drilling. Barack Obama, the presumptive Democratic nominee,
has said such moves will do nothing to ease American
consumers' pain short-term.

The U.S. and other nations argue that oil production has
not kept up with increasing demand, especially from China,
India and the Middle East. But Saudi Arabia and other
OPEC countries say there is no shortage of oil and instead
blame financial speculation and the falling U.S. dollar ...''




Re: [Vo]:Re: Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer

2008-06-23 Thread Horace Heffner


On Jun 23, 2008, at 1:31 AM, Michel Jullian wrote:



- Original Message -
From: Horace Heffner [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Sent: Saturday, June 21, 2008 1:51 PM
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer




On Jun 21, 2008, at 3:12 AM, Michel Jullian wrote:


Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer presented by CEO Martin
Roscheisen here, with a video:

http://www.nanosolar.com/blog3/

If they sell the panels at $1/W as announced, they are aiming at a
$1B annual income, not too shabby :)

Michel


Yes, but that is just for one 1GW CIGS coater, which cost $1.65
million.  On that basis, Nanosolar should be financially capable of
sustaining 10x to 100x per year growth rate - until resources, like
supplies, staff, land, or customers run out.


True, their growth rate promises to be astronomical (Jones wouldn't  
agree ;)



 The major impediments
to going all solar are bulk energy storage, i.e. large battery or
hydrogen generating systems, and low cost energy transmission  
systems.


Storage is improving, latest lithium ion batteries for electric  
cars with tens of thousands of cycles lifetime e.g. altairnano seem  
promising,


Actually, A123 has them already beat to market it appears, and  
Toshiba has some interfering patents. Altair stock (ALTI) is in the  
dumps now, under $2/shr.



couldn't utilities give rebates to customers accepting to store  
energy for them in their sometimes underused car batteries?


Many existing utilities will be slow to adapt smart meters, and many  
already resist having to manage power coming from residences.  Major  
solar power generation utilities, however, if not hindered by  
regulation, are highly motivated for fast growth and innovation.




As for transmission, what's wrong with current electric power  
transmission lines?


Michel


They don't ship power well across oceans, and don't ship energy in  
stored form, i.e. as hydrogen, nitrogen, or silicon compounds.  The  
biggest cost item may soon be land itself, and 3rd world desert will  
be ideal for power generation. The major problems for global  
renewable energy production are energy storage and shipping, but  
these problems may be solved now the economics are right.


The content of some of my old posts on the subject are here:

http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/BigPicture.pdf
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/EnergyCosts.pdf
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/Hpipeline.pdf
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/HotCold.pdf

Similar problems will exist specifically for the USA - because land  
and sun are best in the southern desert areas, but adequate long  
distance transmission facilities, in terms of either price or  
capacity, are not available.  High voltage DC systems may provide an  
answer for that, but not overnight.  Room temperature superconducting  
transmission at a low capital cost would be good, but that is not in  
sight yet.  Hydrogen transmission systems would work well, but are  
probably decades off.  Electrolysis itself needs a lot of  
improvement, though it is a viable technology now, depending on the  
competing cost of energy.


I expect the biggest problems and roadblocks to renewable energy  
development will continue to come from governments.  Money for energy  
research and development has been allocated in mere token amounts,  
enough to give politicians talking points, but at less than one  
percent of what is needed.  LENR or ZPE or other solutions might even  
be at hand now if enough money were spent on research, solutions  
which bypass the storage and shipping problems altogether.


Best regards,

Horace Heffner
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/






Re: [Vo]:Re: Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer

2008-06-23 Thread Harry Veeder
On 23/6/2008 4:31 AM, Michel Jullian wrote:

 
 - Original Message -
 From: Horace Heffner [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
 Sent: Saturday, June 21, 2008 1:51 PM
 Subject: Re: [Vo]:Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer
 
 
 
 On Jun 21, 2008, at 3:12 AM, Michel Jullian wrote:
 
 Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer presented by CEO Martin
 Roscheisen here, with a video:
 
 http://www.nanosolar.com/blog3/
 
 If they sell the panels at $1/W as announced, they are aiming at a
 $1B annual income, not too shabby :)
 
 Michel
 
 Yes, but that is just for one 1GW CIGS coater, which cost $1.65
 million.  On that basis, Nanosolar should be financially capable of
 sustaining 10x to 100x per year growth rate - until resources, like
 supplies, staff, land, or customers run out.
 
 True, their growth rate promises to be astronomical (Jones wouldn't agree ;)
 
 The major impediments
 to going all solar are bulk energy storage, i.e. large battery or
 hydrogen generating systems, and low cost energy transmission systems.
 
 Storage is improving, latest lithium ion batteries for electric cars with tens
 of thousands of cycles lifetime e.g. altairnano seem promising, couldn't
 utilities give rebates to customers accepting to store energy for them in
 their sometimes underused car batteries?


don't forget ultra-capacitors.

harry



Re: [Vo]:irrational thinking

2008-06-23 Thread Harry Veeder
On 23/6/2008 8:14 AM, Taylor J. Smith wrote:

 Hi All,
 
 Now Mohamed ElBaradei follows in the footsteps of
 Admiral Fallon.
 
 Jack Smith
 
 Ed Storms wrote on 6-20-08:
 
 ``If you would like to understand the irrational thinking
 that drives the policy with respect to Iran and Israel,
 read this article.''
 
 http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2008/06/iran-neocons-sa.html
 
 
 ``NEWS ARTICLE from The Los Angeles Times, 6-19-08,
 
 IRAN: Stop nukes by bombing oil wells, neocons suggest
 
 Why attack Iran's nuclear facilities when striking their
 oil infrastructure would be much more effective in the
 scope of a US-led preventive war? Sure, oil prices might
 skyrocket and the world economy might collapse. But, hey,
 that's the price you pay for security ...''
 

which gives the Iranians another reason to develop nuclear power,
which leads to more Israeli paranoia...which leads to more war talk,
which gives the Iranians another reason to develop nuclear power...



Harry




Re: [Vo]:irrational thinking

2008-06-23 Thread Edmund Storms



Harry Veeder wrote:


On 23/6/2008 8:14 AM, Taylor J. Smith wrote:



Hi All,

Now Mohamed ElBaradei follows in the footsteps of
Admiral Fallon.

Jack Smith

Ed Storms wrote on 6-20-08:

``If you would like to understand the irrational thinking
that drives the policy with respect to Iran and Israel,
read this article.''

http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2008/06/iran-neocons-sa.html


``NEWS ARTICLE from The Los Angeles Times, 6-19-08,

IRAN: Stop nukes by bombing oil wells, neocons suggest

Why attack Iran's nuclear facilities when striking their
oil infrastructure would be much more effective in the
scope of a US-led preventive war? Sure, oil prices might
skyrocket and the world economy might collapse. But, hey,
that's the price you pay for security ...''




which gives the Iranians another reason to develop nuclear power,
which leads to more Israeli paranoia...which leads to more war talk,
which gives the Iranians another reason to develop nuclear power...


Thus we see the wisdom of the Christian advice to turn the other cheek 
in contrast to the Jewish approach of taking an eye for an eye.


Ed




Harry







Re: [Vo]:irrational thinking

2008-06-23 Thread Harry Veeder
On 23/6/2008 12:05 PM, Edmund Storms wrote:

 
 
 Harry Veeder wrote:
 
 On 23/6/2008 8:14 AM, Taylor J. Smith wrote:
 
 
 Hi All,
 
 Now Mohamed ElBaradei follows in the footsteps of
 Admiral Fallon.
 
 Jack Smith
 
 Ed Storms wrote on 6-20-08:
 
 ``If you would like to understand the irrational thinking
 that drives the policy with respect to Iran and Israel,
 read this article.''
 
 http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2008/06/iran-neocons-sa.html
 
 
 ``NEWS ARTICLE from The Los Angeles Times, 6-19-08,
 
 IRAN: Stop nukes by bombing oil wells, neocons suggest
 
 Why attack Iran's nuclear facilities when striking their
 oil infrastructure would be much more effective in the
 scope of a US-led preventive war? Sure, oil prices might
 skyrocket and the world economy might collapse. But, hey,
 that's the price you pay for security ...''
 
 
 
 which gives the Iranians another reason to develop nuclear power,
 which leads to more Israeli paranoia...which leads to more war talk,
 which gives the Iranians another reason to develop nuclear power...
 
 Thus we see the wisdom of the Christian advice to turn the other cheek
 in contrast to the Jewish approach of taking an eye for an eye.
 

The problem is the Jewish norm is also a Muslim norm, so the worst thing
the US could do is take sides by refusing to talk to the Iranians.

Harry



[Vo]:Re: Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer

2008-06-23 Thread Michel Jullian
- Original Message - 
From: Horace Heffner [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Sent: Monday, June 23, 2008 5:05 PM
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Re: Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer


 
 On Jun 23, 2008, at 1:31 AM, Michel Jullian wrote:
 

 - Original Message -
 From: Horace Heffner [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
 Sent: Saturday, June 21, 2008 1:51 PM
 Subject: Re: [Vo]:Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer



 On Jun 21, 2008, at 3:12 AM, Michel Jullian wrote:

 Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer presented by CEO Martin
 Roscheisen here, with a video:

 http://www.nanosolar.com/blog3/

 If they sell the panels at $1/W as announced, they are aiming at a
 $1B annual income, not too shabby :)

 Michel

 Yes, but that is just for one 1GW CIGS coater, which cost $1.65
 million.  On that basis, Nanosolar should be financially capable of
 sustaining 10x to 100x per year growth rate - until resources, like
 supplies, staff, land, or customers run out.

 True, their growth rate promises to be astronomical (Jones wouldn't  
 agree ;)

  The major impediments
 to going all solar are bulk energy storage, i.e. large battery or
 hydrogen generating systems, and low cost energy transmission  
 systems.

 Storage is improving, latest lithium ion batteries for electric  
 cars with tens of thousands of cycles lifetime e.g. altairnano seem  
 promising,
 
 Actually, A123 has them already beat to market it appears, and  
 Toshiba has some interfering patents. Altair stock (ALTI) is in the  
 dumps now, under $2/shr.

Indeed several working technologies are in competition, which is an excellent 
thing for the end user!
 
 couldn't utilities give rebates to customers accepting to store  
 energy for them in their sometimes underused car batteries?
 
 Many existing utilities will be slow to adapt smart meters, and many  
 already resist having to manage power coming from residences.  Major  
 solar power generation utilities, however, if not hindered by  
 regulation, are highly motivated for fast growth and innovation.
 

 As for transmission, what's wrong with current electric power  
 transmission lines?

 Michel
 
 They don't ship power well across oceans, and don't ship energy in  
 stored form, i.e. as hydrogen, nitrogen, or silicon compounds.  The  
 biggest cost item may soon be land itself, and 3rd world desert will  
 be ideal for power generation. The major problems for global  
 renewable energy production are energy storage and shipping, but  
 these problems may be solved now the economics are right.
 
 The content of some of my old posts on the subject are here:
 
 http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/BigPicture.pdf
 http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/EnergyCosts.pdf

Doesn't seem to include solar PV (e.g. Nanosolar: $2/W installation cost,  25 
yr lifetime, negligible running costs, right?)

 http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/Hpipeline.pdf
 http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/HotCold.pdf
 
 Similar problems will exist specifically for the USA - because land  
 and sun are best in the southern desert areas, but adequate long  
 distance transmission facilities, in terms of either price or  
 capacity, are not available.

Who needs deserts? Land _outside cities_ is cheap, and insolation acceptable, 
in most places, so in most cases it isn't necessary to carry the energy over 
long distances. So the existing power grid is already adequate for large scale 
deployment of municipal PV plants, which is indeed occurring as we speak, 
limited only by panel supply I guess.

Michel

 High voltage DC systems may provide an  
 answer for that, but not overnight.  Room temperature superconducting  
 transmission at a low capital cost would be good, but that is not in  
 sight yet.  Hydrogen transmission systems would work well, but are  
 probably decades off.  Electrolysis itself needs a lot of  
 improvement, though it is a viable technology now, depending on the  
 competing cost of energy.
 
 I expect the biggest problems and roadblocks to renewable energy  
 development will continue to come from governments.  Money for energy  
 research and development has been allocated in mere token amounts,  
 enough to give politicians talking points, but at less than one  
 percent of what is needed.  LENR or ZPE or other solutions might even  
 be at hand now if enough money were spent on research, solutions  
 which bypass the storage and shipping problems altogether.
 
 Best regards,
 
 Horace Heffner
 http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/
 
 
 




Re: [Vo]:Re: Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer

2008-06-23 Thread Horace Heffner


On Jun 23, 2008, at 9:50 AM, Michel Jullian wrote:


- Original Message -
From: Horace Heffner [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Sent: Monday, June 23, 2008 5:05 PM
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Re: Nanosolar's 1 GW/yr solar cell printer




The content of some of my old posts on the subject are here:

http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/BigPicture.pdf
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/EnergyCosts.pdf


Doesn't seem to include solar PV (e.g. Nanosolar: $2/W installation  
cost,  25 yr lifetime, negligible running costs, right?)



It does on page 3.  See Update Feb, 2007 for note on First Solar  
(FSLR).






http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/Hpipeline.pdf
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/HotCold.pdf

Similar problems will exist specifically for the USA - because land
and sun are best in the southern desert areas, but adequate long
distance transmission facilities, in terms of either price or
capacity, are not available.


Who needs deserts? Land _outside cities_ is cheap, and insolation  
acceptable, in most places, so in most cases it isn't necessary to  
carry the energy over long distances. So the existing power grid is  
already adequate for large scale deployment of municipal PV plants,  
which is indeed occurring as we speak, limited only by panel supply  
I guess.


Michel


This strategy applies only to small towns, and only to a partial  
energy supply.  It doesn't work well for cities like New York, where  
typical commutes are over an hour and land prices even 50 miles out  
are incredible, and land use is highly regulated by many very small  
patchwork communities, often literally only a mile square.  It also  
doesn't work well where there is a lot of snow or overcast  
conditions. It doesn't work well for high power demand manufacturing  
areas.  Farm land near cities is being snapped up by funds and  
investors, so it may not be long before regulations are made to stop  
the practice, or at least regulate the conversion of farmland to  
other uses, possibly though tax regulations.  There is also the  
matter of energy storage, which could amount to the equivalent of an  
industrial process, and thus involve other regulations and  
limitations.   It is notable that there is already a rush for  
California desert land by solar power providers, despite all the  
regulatory risks present for even that land.


I expect initially some of the big products for 3rd world  
manufacturing using solar energy will be fertilizer and water.


Best regards,

Horace Heffner
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/