Re: Verify raw data within slaves on 9.9.x

2012-06-14 Thread Mark Pettit
If what you want is the basic functionality of "cat", what's wrong with 
"named-compilezone -with -some -options"?

On Jun 14, 2012, at 11:00 AM, Walter Smith wrote:

> So essentially if I'm scripting on a slave and would like to check-into-svn 
> changes within any particular 'raw' zone - I'll still need to rsync that 
> 'text' zone/file from master...
> I wish '/usr/bin/strings' act as '/bin/cat' on this new default 'raw' format
> 
> From: "Spain, Dr. Jeffry A." 
> To: Walter Smith  
> Cc: "bind-users@lists.isc.org"  
> Sent: Monday, June 11, 2012 4:44 PM
> Subject: RE: Verify raw data within slaves on 9.9.x
> 
> > What tools/commands I can run to get plain ascii/text data out of modern 
> > raw/binary on BIND 9.9.x slaves?
> > I just want to verify that changes are correct down to the slaves. So - I 
> > can check-in these changes into svn etc.
> 
> See the ARM under named-checkzone. 
> http://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind9/cur/9.9/doc/arm/man.named-checkzone.html.
> For example "named-checkzone -f raw -F text -s relative -j -o 
> example.com.dumped.db example.com /var/lib/named/example.com.db"
> 
> Jeffry A. Spain
> Network Administrator
> Cincinnati Country Day School
> 
> 
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Re: BIND ignores changes in zonefiles

2012-06-14 Thread Mark Pettit

On Jun 14, 2012, at 5:54 AM, Marian Roess wrote:

> Thank you for your quick answer.
> 
>> You've possibly checked all this, but let me ask anyway:
>> 
>> 1. Are you monitoring named logs when reload the zones? Any errors?
> 
> Yes, I do. 
> 
>   zone cs.uni-dortmund.de/IN: loaded serial 1121661332
> 
>> 2. Have you run your generated zonefiles through `named-checkzone'?
>>   Errors? Warnings? (e.g. an underscore in a name?)
> 
>   zone cs.uni-dortmund.de/IN: loaded serial 1121661332
>   OK
> 
>> 3. You say named is realoding the file with its correct SOA serial
>>   number. Have you verified by querying named?
>> 
>>dig @127.0.0.1  SOA
> 
> Here might be an error. 
> 
>   cs.uni-dortmund.de. 86400   IN  SOA
> waldorf.cs.uni-dortmund.de.   hostmaster.cs.uni-dortmund.de. 1121631141
> 14400 1800 360 7200
> 
> The serialnumber in the SOA record is lower than the serial number BIND
> pretends to load in the logs. But why would BIND log to load the right
> zone, but use an old one?

Check to see if more than one copy of BIND is running.  Maybe the new one 
loaded the new serial but there was already a BIND running with the old.

Have you tried "rndc reload cs.uni-dortmund.de" to see if it will re-load the 
file from disk?

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Re: about the non-authoritative CNAME

2012-06-14 Thread pangj



named is paranoid.  It discards the rest of the response after processing
the CNAME.


thanks Mark, that sounds great.

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Re: about the non-authoritative CNAME

2012-06-14 Thread Mark Andrews

In message <4fda9b90.8040...@riseup.net>, pangj writes:
> 
> > In message<4fda970e.9080...@riseup.net>, pangj writes:
> >> Hi,
> >>
> >> If BIND is authoritative for zone a, and is not authoritative for zone
> >> b, but zone b is configured in BIND's zone file, and x.zonea.com is
> >> CNAME'd to y.zoneb.com.
> >>
> >> When DNS client queries to this BIND for x.zonea.com, it gets the
> >> authoritative answers for both x.zonea.com and y.zoneb.com, certainly
> >> y.zoneb.com is a fake one.
> >>
> >> How DNS client handle this case?
> >> Thanks.
> >
> > It depends on the client and whether the zones are signed or not
> > and whether the client is validating responses or not.
> >
> > Stub clients will almost always trust the complete answer.
> > For iterative clients it depends on their level of paranoia.
> >
> 
> Thanks Mark.
> For a DNS caching only server, for example, BIND,  it will validate the 
> response always, is it?

named is paranoid.  It discards the rest of the response after processing
the CNAME.
 
> -- 
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> Free DNS Hosting with www.DNSbed.com
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Re: about the non-authoritative CNAME

2012-06-14 Thread pangj



In message<4fda970e.9080...@riseup.net>, pangj writes:

Hi,

If BIND is authoritative for zone a, and is not authoritative for zone
b, but zone b is configured in BIND's zone file, and x.zonea.com is
CNAME'd to y.zoneb.com.

When DNS client queries to this BIND for x.zonea.com, it gets the
authoritative answers for both x.zonea.com and y.zoneb.com, certainly
y.zoneb.com is a fake one.

How DNS client handle this case?
Thanks.


It depends on the client and whether the zones are signed or not
and whether the client is validating responses or not.

Stub clients will almost always trust the complete answer.
For iterative clients it depends on their level of paranoia.



Thanks Mark.
For a DNS caching only server, for example, BIND,  it will validate the 
response always, is it?


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Re: about the non-authoritative CNAME

2012-06-14 Thread Mark Andrews

In message <4fda970e.9080...@riseup.net>, pangj writes:
> Hi,
> 
> If BIND is authoritative for zone a, and is not authoritative for zone 
> b, but zone b is configured in BIND's zone file, and x.zonea.com is 
> CNAME'd to y.zoneb.com.
> 
> When DNS client queries to this BIND for x.zonea.com, it gets the 
> authoritative answers for both x.zonea.com and y.zoneb.com, certainly 
> y.zoneb.com is a fake one.
> 
> How DNS client handle this case?
> Thanks.

It depends on the client and whether the zones are signed or not
and whether the client is validating responses or not.

Stub clients will almost always trust the complete answer.
For iterative clients it depends on their level of paranoia. 

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742 INTERNET: ma...@isc.org
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about the non-authoritative CNAME

2012-06-14 Thread pangj

Hi,

If BIND is authoritative for zone a, and is not authoritative for zone 
b, but zone b is configured in BIND's zone file, and x.zonea.com is 
CNAME'd to y.zoneb.com.


When DNS client queries to this BIND for x.zonea.com, it gets the 
authoritative answers for both x.zonea.com and y.zoneb.com, certainly 
y.zoneb.com is a fake one.


How DNS client handle this case?
Thanks.
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Re: How to handle zones that need to be the same in all views?

2012-06-14 Thread Rodrigo Renie Braga
Hi.

I've been trying to find examples on how to use TSIG to replicate several
differents views to a slave server, but I could only find with two views,
and I just couldn't figure out how to adapt that example to 3 or more views.

Could you send me example on how to accomplish that?

Thanks!

2012/6/13 Mark Andrews 

>
> In message <4fd8b4e1.3070...@maxb.eu>, Max Bowsher writes:
> > > Mark Andrews  wrote:
> > >> This really isn't that hard.  Just use tsig and transfer the zone
> > >> between views on the slave machine.  Just ensure that you transfer
> > >> from the view that is getting the notify messages from the master.
> >
> > Thanks Mark, that's definitely a workable (if not very intuitive!)
> soluti=
> > on.
>
> No problem.  There were a number of ways to do this.  Using TSIG
> this way is one of the less complicated ways and works when you
> don't have multiple addreses to play with.
>
> You can do a similar trick in older versions using server clauses
> to set the tsigs in each view to daisy chain the zone transfer.
> It's a lot more error prone however and has other issues.
>
> > On 13/06/12 14:59, Barry Margolin wrote:
> > > I think his problem is that the master only has one view, while the=20
> > > slave has multiple views.
> >
> > Yes.
> >
> > Max.
> --
> Mark Andrews, ISC
> 1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
> PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742 INTERNET: ma...@isc.org
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Re: Verify raw data within slaves on 9.9.x

2012-06-14 Thread Walter Smith
So essentially if I'm scripting on a slave and would like to check-into-svn 
changes within any particular 'raw' zone - I'll still need to rsync that 'text' 
zone/file from master...
I wish '/usr/bin/strings' act as '/bin/cat' on this new default 'raw' format




 From: "Spain, Dr. Jeffry A." 
To: Walter Smith  
Cc: "bind-users@lists.isc.org"  
Sent: Monday, June 11, 2012 4:44 PM
Subject: RE: Verify raw data within slaves on 9.9.x
 
> What tools/commands I can run to get plain ascii/text data out of modern 
> raw/binary on BIND 9.9.x slaves?
> I just want to verify that changes are correct down to the slaves. So - I can 
> check-in these changes into svn etc.

See the ARM under named-checkzone. 
http://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind9/cur/9.9/doc/arm/man.named-checkzone.html.
For example "named-checkzone -f raw -F text -s relative -j -o 
example.com.dumped.db example.com /var/lib/named/example.com.db"

Jeffry A. Spain
Network Administrator
Cincinnati Country Day School___
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Re: BIND ignores changes in zonefiles

2012-06-14 Thread Alexander Gurvitz
Such problems usually end up in being something stupid, for example, does
"pgrep named" return ONE pid ?
Or maybe you are looking at log file on one server but dig another one.

Did you try to stop named and start it over ?
Maybe try to enable statistic-channel and see which serial BIND reports
there.

Alexander Gurvitz,
net-me.net
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Re: BIND ignores changes in zonefiles

2012-06-14 Thread Tony Finch
Marian Röß  wrote:
>
> That is what bothers me. Even the debug messages show, that a change is
> detected and the zone is loaded into the database.

Are you running one copy of named on the server?

It might be that you have an old instance of the server running and
serving the old zone, and a new instance that failed to bind to its
listening sockets (since the old server owns them) but which is
successfully loading the new zones and logging about it.

Tony.
-- 
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Re: BIND ignores changes in zonefiles

2012-06-14 Thread Marian Röß
> But his log message showed that it loaded the correct file, or at least 
> a file with the correct serial number.

That is what bothers me. Even the debug messages show, that a change is
detected and the zone is loaded into the database.
 
> How about this: does the server use "views"?  If the zone is in multiple 
> views, you may only be updating one of them.
 
We do not use views, the config is very rudimentaly.

Greetings

-- 
Marian Röß

E-Mail: marian.roess[bei]cs.uni-dortmund.de

PGP-Key: 0x446CDCF6


pgpl3DioTGhls.pgp
Description: PGP signature
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Re: BIND ignores changes in zonefiles

2012-06-14 Thread Barry Margolin
In article ,
 Jan-Piet Mens  wrote:

> > The serialnumber in the SOA record is lower than the serial number BIND
> > pretends to load in the logs. But why would BIND log to load the right
> > zone, but use an old one?
> 
> Because it's loading the wrong file? 

But his log message showed that it loaded the correct file, or at least 
a file with the correct serial number.

How about this: does the server use "views"?  If the zone is in multiple 
views, you may only be updating one of them.

-- 
Barry Margolin
Arlington, MA
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RE: Delegation bit-rot detection?

2012-06-14 Thread Frank Bulk
For the domains that we're primary and authoritative we check the listing of
each customer's WHOIS record to confirm they're using the right DNS servers
and then query our upstream's DNS server (which is slaving it) to make sure
they're responding authoritatively.  We also query a public DNS server to
make sure the NS records that it returns for the domain are the right DNS
servers.

 

This has caught countless customers who let their domain registrations
expire or whose third-party website developer moved DNS records to their
preferred website host.  I can't tell you how many times SMB/SME customers
think that their DNS records need to reside with the company that hosts or
manages their website.  

 

If a customer lets their domain expire and does not respond in a few days to
our outreach we just remove the domain.  No reason to give our customers
different information than the rest of the world (yes, our recursive and
authoritative somewhat overlap).

 

Frank

 

From: bind-users-bounces+frnkblk=iname@lists.isc.org
[mailto:bind-users-bounces+frnkblk=iname@lists.isc.org] On Behalf Of
Fr34k
Sent: Thursday, June 14, 2012 8:54 AM
To: Phil Mayers; bind-users@lists.isc.org
Subject: Re: Delegation bit-rot detection?

 

We are exploring similar audits and opportunities for cleanup.

 

For domains we delegate PTRs, we track NS hostnames (e.g. IN NS
ns1.bogus.customer.tld) that have gone NXDOMAIN.

 

If ns1.bogus.customer.tld remains NXDOMAIN for 30+ days, we remove the
delegation.

The idea behind 30+ days is to allow for a grace period.  Why?  If the
domain expired and caught the owner by surprise, then 30 days allows time
for the domain owner to renew before we make any changes (so that we do not
waste time removing the delegation to only have to reinstate it).

 

Perhaps a similar approach be worthwhile for auditing the secondary
services.  That is, parse BIND's config file (source of truth) for all
secondary configs, run dedicated auditing tests (e.g. AXFR), record the
outcomes, and act upon the defunct configurations per Policy.

 

All that said, I am also interested in what others are doing.  I am sure
there are better methods out there.

 

Thanks.

 


  _  


From: Phil Mayers 
To: "bind-users@lists.isc.org"  
Sent: Thursday, June 14, 2012 9:19 AM
Subject: Delegation bit-rot detection?


All,

Over the years, we have offered DNS secondary services to various
organisations. Some of those organisations are (ahem) fairly small, and lots
of the delegations and zone transfers have suffered bit-rot - there are
zones delegated to us that I have no records on, and certainly can't AXFR
from the masters (in some cases, the masters answer REFUSED as well).

I'm wondering if anyone knows of a script that will process our logs looking
for "refused" queries, and then post-process these by tracing the
delegations and telling me what the nearest enclosing zone is, the NS
records that led inbound queries to us, and (if any of the other NS records
are responding) the SOA.

I could write something, but there are a lot of corner cases, and I'm
feeling lazy!

OTOH if anyone has any suggestions (other than "ignore the refused", which
is what we're currently doing) for dealing with these kinds of things...

Cheers,
Phil
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Re: Delegation bit-rot detection?

2012-06-14 Thread Tony Finch
Phil Mayers  wrote:
>
> I'm wondering if anyone knows of a script that will process our logs looking
> for "refused" queries, and then post-process these by tracing the delegations
> and telling me what the nearest enclosing zone is, the NS records that led
> inbound queries to us, and (if any of the other NS records are responding) the
> SOA.

One possibility is chiark-named-conf. It is oriented towards config file
generation, but it also does a lot of sanity checking.

http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/ucgi/~ian/git?p=chiark-utils.git;a=tree;f=scripts

Tony.
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Re: Delegation bit-rot detection?

2012-06-14 Thread Fr34k
We are exploring similar audits and opportunities for cleanup.

For domains we delegate PTRs, we track NS hostnames (e.g. IN NS  
ns1.bogus.customer.tld) that have gone NXDOMAIN.

If ns1.bogus.customer.tld remains NXDOMAIN for 30+ days, we remove the 
delegation.
The idea behind 30+ days is to allow for a grace period.  Why?  If the domain 
expired and caught the owner by surprise, then 30 days allows time for the 
domain owner to renew before we make any changes (so that we do not waste time 
removing the delegation to only have to reinstate it).

Perhaps a similar approach be worthwhile for auditing the secondary services.  
That is, parse BIND's config file (source of truth) for all secondary configs, 
run dedicated auditing tests (e.g. AXFR), record the outcomes, and act upon the 
defunct configurations per Policy.

All that said, I am also interested in what others are doing.  I am sure there 
are better methods out there.

Thanks.




>
> From: Phil Mayers 
>To: "bind-users@lists.isc.org"  
>Sent: Thursday, June 14, 2012 9:19 AM
>Subject: Delegation bit-rot detection?
> 
>All,
>
>Over the years, we have offered DNS secondary services to various 
>organisations. Some of those organisations are (ahem) fairly small, and lots 
>of the delegations and zone transfers have suffered bit-rot - there are zones 
>delegated to us that I have no records on, and certainly can't AXFR from the 
>masters (in some cases, the masters answer REFUSED as well).
>
>I'm wondering if anyone knows of a script that will process our logs looking 
>for "refused" queries, and then post-process these by tracing the delegations 
>and telling me what the nearest enclosing zone is, the NS records that led 
>inbound queries to us, and (if any of the other NS records are responding) the 
>SOA.
>
>I could write something, but there are a lot of corner cases, and I'm feeling 
>lazy!
>
>OTOH if anyone has any suggestions (other than "ignore the refused", which is 
>what we're currently doing) for dealing with these kinds of things...
>
>Cheers,
>Phil
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Delegation bit-rot detection?

2012-06-14 Thread Phil Mayers

All,

Over the years, we have offered DNS secondary services to various 
organisations. Some of those organisations are (ahem) fairly small, and 
lots of the delegations and zone transfers have suffered bit-rot - there 
are zones delegated to us that I have no records on, and certainly can't 
AXFR from the masters (in some cases, the masters answer REFUSED as well).


I'm wondering if anyone knows of a script that will process our logs 
looking for "refused" queries, and then post-process these by tracing 
the delegations and telling me what the nearest enclosing zone is, the 
NS records that led inbound queries to us, and (if any of the other NS 
records are responding) the SOA.


I could write something, but there are a lot of corner cases, and I'm 
feeling lazy!


OTOH if anyone has any suggestions (other than "ignore the refused", 
which is what we're currently doing) for dealing with these kinds of 
things...


Cheers,
Phil
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Re: BIND ignores changes in zonefiles

2012-06-14 Thread Jan-Piet Mens
> The serialnumber in the SOA record is lower than the serial number BIND
> pretends to load in the logs. But why would BIND log to load the right
> zone, but use an old one?

Because it's loading the wrong file? 

Have you (or somebody else) changed `directory' option or path to master
zone file?

-JP
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Re: BIND ignores changes in zonefiles

2012-06-14 Thread Marian Roess
Thank you for your quick answer.

> You've possibly checked all this, but let me ask anyway:
> 
> 1. Are you monitoring named logs when reload the zones? Any errors?

Yes, I do. 

zone cs.uni-dortmund.de/IN: loaded serial 1121661332

> 2. Have you run your generated zonefiles through `named-checkzone'?
>Errors? Warnings? (e.g. an underscore in a name?)

zone cs.uni-dortmund.de/IN: loaded serial 1121661332
OK

> 3. You say named is realoding the file with its correct SOA serial
>number. Have you verified by querying named?
> 
> dig @127.0.0.1  SOA

Here might be an error. 

cs.uni-dortmund.de. 86400   IN  SOA
waldorf.cs.uni-dortmund.de. hostmaster.cs.uni-dortmund.de. 1121631141
14400 1800 360 7200

The serialnumber in the SOA record is lower than the serial number BIND
pretends to load in the logs. But why would BIND log to load the right
zone, but use an old one?

Greetings,

Marian

-- 
Marian Roess

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Re: BIND ignores changes in zonefiles

2012-06-14 Thread Jan-Piet Mens
> We have a script that generates the zonefiles for bind. This script is
> working correct, i.e. the files are correctly generated and have no
> syntax errors. When adding e.g a CNAME to our database, the script
> generates a correct file, including this CNAME. BIND reloads this file
> with its correct serial number, but when I dig the CNAME it is not
> found. This also does not work with A records.

You've possibly checked all this, but let me ask anyway:

1. Are you monitoring named logs when reload the zones? Any errors?

2. Have you run your generated zonefiles through `named-checkzone'?
   Errors? Warnings? (e.g. an underscore in a name?)

3. You say named is realoding the file with its correct SOA serial
   number. Have you verified by querying named?

dig @127.0.0.1  SOA

4. Is the CNAME at the zone apex? (i.e. #2 will have found this)

Regards,

-JP
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BIND ignores changes in zonefiles

2012-06-14 Thread Marian Roess
Hello List,

please be lenient towards me, for it is my first post on this list.

I am administrator at the computing faculty at the TU Dortmund and
responsible for the nameservers.

Since yesterday we have the problem, that BIND is ignoring the changes
in our zonefiles.

This happened after updating the server from 9.4 to 9.6. 

We have a script that generates the zonefiles for bind. This script is
working correct, i.e. the files are correctly generated and have no
syntax errors. When adding e.g a CNAME to our database, the script
generates a correct file, including this CNAME. BIND reloads this file
with its correct serial number, but when I dig the CNAME it is not
found. This also does not work with A records.

We are running BIND-9.6-ESV-R7-P1, but this error is reproducible with
BIND-9.4-ESV-R5-P1.

I would be glad for every hint and advise.

Greetings,

Marian Roess
-- 
Marian Roess

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Re: OT: cached memory

2012-06-14 Thread Michael Graff

On Jun 13, 2012, at 5:02 PM, Dan Letkeman wrote:

> I understand the concept, as I have read many documents like that.  I
> am more interested in a real world example of how much free memory for
> caching is recommended for an average server.
> 
> Dan.

It depends on many things, but what I'd do to find the optimum cache size is:

(1)  Start with some limit, say 128 MB.
(2)  Observe the server's performance over time, and memory usage.
(3)  Pick some reasonable time, like "I want it to hit the max memory size in 3 
days" or "one week"
(4)  If it reaches the maximum too quickly, add more cache size.

I suspect this is one metric that would help greatly to add to the XML stats... 
 Cache hit rate is sort of a standard metric.

--Michael

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