Re: What is the hidden process?

[Ron Johnson]

On 04/07/2011 11:50 PM, James Brown wrote:

On 08.04.2011 03:20, Ron Johnson wrote:

On 04/07/2011 09:50 PM, James Brown wrote:

`unhide` define that there is a hidden process in my system, but don't
indicate it concretely:

~$ sudo unhide sys
Unhide 20100201
http://www.security-projects.com/?Unhide



[snip]


[*]Searching for Hidden processes through sysinfo() scanning

HIDDEN Processes Found: 1



How can I find out what is that process?



The man page (http://www.unhide-forensics.info/unhide-linux26.html)
mentions options like "-f" and "-v".



That options are unworkable under unhide-package from Debian Squeeze:
$sudo unhide -v sys
Unhide 20100201
http://www.security-projects.com/?Unhide



Install the 2011-01-13 version from source?

--
"Neither the wisest constitution nor the wisest laws will secure
the liberty and happiness of a people whose manners are universally
corrupt."
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Re: What is the hidden process?

[James Brown]

On 08.04.2011 03:20, Ron Johnson wrote:
> On 04/07/2011 09:50 PM, James Brown wrote:
>> `unhide` define that there is a hidden process in my system, but don't
>> indicate it concretely:
>>> ~$ sudo unhide sys
>>> Unhide 20100201
>>> http://www.security-projects.com/?Unhide
>>>
>>>
> [snip]
>>>
>>> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through sysinfo() scanning
>>>
>>> HIDDEN Processes Found: 1
>>
>>
>> How can I find out what is that process?
>>
> 
> The man page (http://www.unhide-forensics.info/unhide-linux26.html)
> mentions options like "-f" and "-v".
> 

That options are unworkable under unhide-package from Debian Squeeze:
$sudo unhide -v sys
Unhide 20100201
http://www.security-projects.com/?Unhide


usage: unhide proc | sys | brute

$apt-cache policy unhide
unhide:
  Installed: 20100201-1
  Candidate: 20100201-1
  Version table:
 *** 20100201-1 0
990 http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ squeeze/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status



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Re: What is the hidden process?

[James Brown]

On 08.04.2011 03:20, green wrote:
> James Brown wrote at 2011-04-07 21:50 -0500:
>> `unhide` define that there is a hidden process in my system, but don't 
>> indicate it concretely:
> 
>> HIDDEN Processes Found: 1
> 
> Hmm, interesting.  Same result here with sys method, buth nothing is detected 
> using the proc and brute methods.

Yes, only with sys method. Your system is 'squeeze' too? (I had no such
result under lenny).


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Re: What is the hidden process?

[Ron Johnson]

On 04/07/2011 09:50 PM, James Brown wrote:

`unhide` define that there is a hidden process in my system, but don't
indicate it concretely:

~$ sudo unhide sys
Unhide 20100201
http://www.security-projects.com/?Unhide



[snip]


[*]Searching for Hidden processes through sysinfo() scanning

HIDDEN Processes Found: 1



How can I find out what is that process?



The man page (http://www.unhide-forensics.info/unhide-linux26.html) 
mentions options like "-f" and "-v".


--
"Neither the wisest constitution nor the wisest laws will secure
the liberty and happiness of a people whose manners are universally
corrupt."
Samuel Adams, essay in The Public Advertiser, 1749


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Re: What is the hidden process?

[green]

James Brown wrote at 2011-04-07 21:50 -0500:
> `unhide` define that there is a hidden process in my system, but don't 
> indicate it concretely:

> HIDDEN Processes Found: 1

Hmm, interesting.  Same result here with sys method, buth nothing is detected 
using the proc and brute methods.


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What is the hidden process?

[James Brown]

`unhide` define that there is a hidden process in my system, but don't
indicate it concretely:
> ~$ sudo unhide sys
> Unhide 20100201
> http://www.security-projects.com/?Unhide
> 
> 
> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through kill(..,0) scanning
> 
> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through  comparison of results of system 
> calls
> 
> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through getpriority() scanning
> 
> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through getpgid() scanning
> 
> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through getsid() scanning
> 
> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through sched_getaffinity() scanning
> 
> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through sched_getparam() scanning
> 
> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through sched_getscheduler() scanning
> 
> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through sched_rr_get_interval() scanning
> 
> [*]Searching for Hidden processes through sysinfo() scanning
> 
> HIDDEN Processes Found: 1


How can I find out what is that process?


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Re: EeePC and Debian

[Chen Wei]

On Thu, Apr 07, 2011 at 05:52:25PM +1000, Rob Hurle wrote:
>   I have an EeePC 4G (the 701) and I'm trying to put Debian Squeeze on
> to it.  I've RTFM and read the wiki, and got to the stage of having a
> USB stick that boots the netinst version.  The EeePC is connected to
> the Internet by a proven cable (not wireless).  The USB stick boots to
> the install screen (looks good) and I can use the touch pad to
> navigate around that.  But, when I choose anything from that menu, the
> system hangs.  CTL-ALT-DEL reboots, and it seems to be the only way to
> get out of it, short of removing the battery.  The power button does
> nothing.
> 
it could be a video model problem, try press TAB and custom the boot
option, *avoid* any fancy vga= parameter.

-- 
Chen Wei


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Re: [help-a-newb] setting grub

[Joel Rees]

On Fri, Apr 8, 2011 at 3:47 AM, Andrei Popescu  wrote:
> On Mi, 06 apr 11, 23:56:56, Joel Rees wrote:
>>
>> Another problem is the fragile linkage. If Debian ends up with more
>> than two entries there, or if, for some reason I delete the rescue
>> mode entry, having the third entry as the default suddenly is not what
>> I want. Maybe that won't happen with Fedora 13's most recent kernel as
>> the default, but it definitely is more than possible if I try to
>> default to the Fedora 15 install.
>
> You can set GRUB_DEFAULT to the complete name of an entry, then you
> won't have to worry about reordering.

Well, I was thinking about that, but the names of the kernels change
whenever the kernel is upgraded. This is actually the biggest problem
with trying to have one boot manager to rule them all.

mv-ing 30_os-probe to 08_os-probe seems to work for getting Fedora to
the top. If I have to, I can probably work out how to have a probe for
each active OS install (gross!) and move the probe I want to be
default up front in the order.

Default menu item number 0 would be sufficient in my case (for now),
except that, any way around this, when Fedora updates its kernel, I
have to notice, and then I have to catch the re-boot, take it to
Debian, and run update-grub by hand before grub will see the new
kernel. (And then I can finally boot it to Fedora so Fedora can clean
up the update.)

It's difficult enough for a distro to fix up the name of the kernel in
its own boot manager. That's part of the reason some of the BSDs (at
least used to) put boot managers in their own BIOS level partition. (I
haven't checked that it's still the case in several years.)

With one boot manager to rule them all, that boot manager has to be an
OS, with programming languages, file systems (and foreign file
systems), and nearly fully-functioning drivers. It has to go digging
around in other OSses internals. That is complicated and fundamentally
unclean.

I suppose the grub engineers want to have the pseudo-grub in each OS
install go hunting for other /boot/grub directories in other OSses to
update or something. Or maybe put events in the (ever-burgeoning)
grubOS. (Grub is the new Xen?)

With chaining, each distro/OS updates it's own latest kernel in its
own boot manager, and the boot managers can be kept clean, simple, and
stable. Chaining is what makes that possible. And it doesn't really
incur any serious penalty, another 5 second (adjustable) timeout is
all, and that 5 second timeout tends to operate in parallel with
things, so that it effectively adds only a second or two. That should
be understood as part of the cost of multi-booting.

For now, I've used Fedora's grubby to remove the bfo, and I've done
update-grub in the Debian install, and, until I am ready to move
Debian to a more permanent place, I'll just have to remember the
update-grub step. Debian will probably end up replacing the Fedora 13
install when F15 becomes a release.

I'll have to try to get time to get on the grub developers' mailing
list and see if I can sweet-talk them into getting insmod chain
working for chaining to legacy grubs or something. Or at least ask
them if I'm missing something.

Joel Rees


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Re: Squeeze, GPT, GRUB2 and Software RAID1

[Tom H]

On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 5:32 AM, Georgi Naplatanov  wrote:
> On 03/27/2011 11:33 PM, Tom H wrote:
>> On Sun, Mar 27, 2011 at 10:35 AM, Georgi Naplatanov
>>  wrote:
>>>
>>> I have 2 disk Western Digital WD2002FAEX - 2TB and I want to install
>>> Squeeze with software RAID 1 and GPT instead of old MSDOS partition
>>> map.
>>>
>>> I want to use GRUB2 as boot loader, but I read that is needed to be
>>> created a BIOS Boot Partition.[1]
>>>
>>> I have 2 disk and I want when one of them fail to be possible to boot
>>> from another.
>>>
>>> My question is - Will installer, GRUB2 and Squeeze handle synchronization
>>> of BIOS Boot Partition on both disks or I have to do it manually and
>>> eventually how to do it manually ?
>>
>> I've found that you have to format your disks before the install (and
>> create a bios_grub partition) and you then have to run "grub-install
>> /dev/sdb" once you're booted into your install.
>>
>> You can probably install grub on both disks by refusing to install to
>> the MBR and then installing it to (hd0) and (hd1) but I've never tried
>> it.
>
> Yesterday I installed Squeeze (AMD64) (in expert mode) on my computer and
> refused the installer to install GRUB2 on MBR and tell it to install on
> "(hd0) (hd1)". The installation works very well, Linux boots successfully
> from both drives.
>
> In both cases - GPT and MSDOS, grub2 installs in MBR, but in different ways.
>
> May be Debian installer has to explain more detail how to install GRUB2 with
> GPT or handle it automatically.
>
> Thank you.

You're welcome.

The difference between gpt and msdos is that stage 1's installed in
the MBR but stage 1.5's installed in a bios_grub partition in the
former and in the post-MBR gap in the latter.

I looked after your initial email for a d-i list archive but I
couldn't find one. I was hoping to see plans to create a bios_grub
partition automatically...


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Re: Managing large numbers (100+) of Debian-based machines

[Brad Alexander]

Actually, this is going to be one of my projects at work in the near future.
I have some experience with cfengine2 and cfengine3 from my previous job. I
have a   VM set up to run puppet, on my home network, but haven't had a
chance to revisit it. So I will give you my opinions.

* cfengine2 - this is the granddaddy of configuration management tools,
written by Mark Burgess back in 1993 (?). Its a great tool, the language is
a little long in the tooth, however there is a ton of documentation for it.
It is fairly easy to get stood up. The syntax is perl-like.

* cfengine3 - a complete rewrite of the cfengine code, including the
declarative language. There was not not nearly as many docs, and last I
checked (about 6 months ago), was still under heavy development, so the code
is something of a moving target for the docs. Now, I have a personal
opinion, and that while Mark writes a very good CM engine, I have a hard
time following his docs...And since his is the only game in town for CF3, I
had a hard time upgrading from CF2 to CF3 in our rather complex environment.
, which consisted of multiple HPC clusters which were marginally the same,
plus a number of standalone boxes.

* puppet - ruby-on-rails based. From an article on oreillynet, "while
cfengine focuses on managing textfiles, puppet manages semantically more
powerful constructs like users, services and packages..."

There is also bcfg2 (puppet-based),,, chef, uniconf, cdist, munki, etc

--b


On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 3:01 PM, Peter Beck  wrote:

> On Thu, 2011-04-07 at 13:45 +0200, tv.deb...@googlemail.com wrote:
> > Hi, maybe you can have a look at cfengine[1], seems to fit your needs
> > and it's readily available in Debian. I don't have hands-on experience
> > with it though.
>
> what about puppet ? Anyone made experience with puppet on debian ?
>
> http://projects.puppetlabs.com/projects/1/wiki/Puppet_Debian
>
>
>
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>

Printer in Gnome loathes being enabled

[Klistvud]

Howdie, fellow Debianites!

From time to time, out of nowhere, my printer refuses to print. When I  
check it via 'System/Administration/Printing/right-click menu on  
printer icon', I see that the menu item 'Enabled' is not ticked. I tick  
it, I get assed for the root password, and then it starts to print.  
Some hours, even days, pass peacefully ... and then it refuses to print  
again.


As much as I hate this, I could learn to live with it: but what  
*really* posix me off is the root password it keeps asking! I've made  
all the users members of the lp and lpadmin groups --to no avail.  
Everytime this happens, the stubborn machine wants the root password  
again! Just to enable a printer (that has been enabled tens of times  
anyway)!


What am I doing wrong?

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Cheerio,

Klistvud  
http://bufferoverflow.tiddlyspot.com
Certifiable Loonix User #481801  Please reply to the list, not to  
me.



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Re: Managing large numbers (100+) of Debian-based machines

[Dr. Ed Morbius]

on 12:21 Thu 07 Apr, Laurence Hurst (l.a.hu...@lboro.ac.uk) wrote:
> Hi folks,
> I am looking at possibly deploying Debian (or a derivative thereof) on
> a large number of machines (initially 80 but I fully expect the final
> number to end up being in excess of 100) which are intermittently
> connected to the network (due to multi-boot setup). I was wondering if
> anyone else has a large(ish) installation base and what tools they
> were using to manage the machines (especially when it comes to
> patching)? On this scale manual ssh methods become unmanageable, even
> using the likes of pdsh and before I even consider the fact the
> machines will not all be in Linux at any given time. Unfortunately I
> have no budget for this project so an Ubuntu/Landscape solution is not
> workable. Ideally something usable by non-Linux (but technically
> competent Windows) administrators would be nice (e.g. a "point and
> shoot" web-interface to mass deploy updates). Does anyone have any
> suggestions of existing projects which fit this bill or am I going to
> have to roll my own solution?

Basics:

  - Deployment: FAI + PXEboot (especially for servers).

  - Management:  pdsh/dsh for ad-hockery is good.  You'll need a tweaked
sudoers file (to be able to run at least diagnostic commands) for
management accounts.  For real management...

  - Puppet, chef, or cfengine.  I'd lean toward puppet or chef.  These
are used by a number of organizations especially for end-user system
management (Google makes extensive use of Puppet for engineering
desktops/laptops).

  - A user-accessible ticket request system for end-user support.
Backed by ...

  - A bugtracking and issues database (wiki).  The ticket-tracking,
bugtracking, and wiki don't have to be fully integrated, though the
first two likely are.  There's some separation of roles, though in
my experience the less between the first two the better.  It's just
that some organizations have a lower tolerance for seeing the
sausage-making involved in issues resolution than others, and of
course, of learning a complex interface.  A good BTS will offer
appropriate end-user and engineering views on the process.

  - A host management database of some sort.  Unfortunately I don't have
any recommendations as most I've seen are in-house, DIY systems.
I'd be very open to discussion of methods.

  - A local Debian mirror, or at the very least, apt-proxy, to minimize
bandwidth utilization.

  - Proper test/staging of new releases / updates, as well as a
designated "guinea pig" group for testing updates (some things just
can't be tested in an automated fashion), essential for end-user
deployments.


A bevvy of other things I'm leaving out, but I'd like to see what others
have to say.


-- 
Dr. Ed Morbius, Chief Scientist /|
  Robot Wrangler / Staff Psychologist| When you seek unlimited power
Krell Power Systems Unlimited|  Go to Krell!


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Re: Managing large numbers (100+) of Debian-based machines

[Peter Beck]

On Thu, 2011-04-07 at 17:55 -0400, Rob Owens wrote:
> If you decide not to go with your own apt repo, I highly recommend you
> at least use something like apt-cacher-ng.  It'll save a lot of
> download bandwidth and time. 

If you're using different distros (debian, ubuntu...) I also recommend 
apt-cacher-ng because of the remapping feature. apt-cacher does not work
well with debian and ubuntu at the same time because sometimes there are
packages with the same name...  

a little bit off-topic:

I am using apt-cacher, with apt-cacher-ng I had issues with changing the
repository-path to an nfs-share. Is that usually working or is it not
possible to change the path ? I couldn't find anything related in the
manual of apt-cacher-ng

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Re: Ubuntu Versions (was: Re: Let's say you never want to upgrade from Lenny...)

[Rob Owens]

On Thu, Apr 07, 2011 at 07:08:54AM -0400, Tom H wrote:
> On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 6:27 AM, Tom H  wrote:
> > On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 9:56 PM, Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.
> >  wrote:
> >> In , Tom H wrote:
> >>>On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 7:17 PM, Rob Owens  wrote:
> 
>  With Ubuntu (I believe) you get "5 years for a server" and "3 years for
>  a desktop" if you go with an LTS release. What packages are server
>  packages and what ones are desktop packages?
> >>>
> >>>Server = X-less so WM-less, DE-less, GUI-less
> >>
> >> Do you have any documentation to support this assertion?
> >
> > Get a Ubuntu server CD and try to install GNOME from it without network 
> > access.
> >
> > Read through the ubuntu-server list archives.
> >
> > How else would they offer different EOL for desktop and server?
> >
> > I'll try to find something for you on ubuntu.com...
> 
> >From https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ServerGUI
> 
> "X11 and desktop packages are not supported for the full 5 year
> lifecycle of the LTS server release"
> 
> >From https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ServerFaq
> 
> "The "Server" CD avoids including what Ubuntu considers desktop
> packages (packages like X, Gnome or KDE)"
> 
> and
> 
> "The Ubuntu Server Edition installation process is slightly different
> from the Desktop Edition. Since by default Ubuntu Server doesn't have
> a GUI, the process is menu driven, very similar to the Alternate CD
> installation process."
> 
The download page, in the "Desktop" section, states "Our long-term
support (LTS) releases are supported for three years on the desktop".
http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/get-ubuntu/download

I agree that your above references generally agree with server=x-less,
but it seems like the support folks must have a list of packages that
they keep up with in years 4 and 5, and it sure would be nice for them
to share that list with the public.

-Rob


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Re: Managing large numbers (100+) of Debian-based machines

[Rob Owens]

On Thu, Apr 07, 2011 at 12:21:30PM +0100, Laurence Hurst wrote:
> Hi folks,
> I am looking at possibly deploying Debian (or a derivative thereof) on a 
> large number of machines (initially 80 but I fully expect the final number to 
> end up being in excess of 100) which are intermittently connected to the 
> network (due to multi-boot setup). I was wondering if anyone else has a 
> large(ish) installation base and what tools they were using to manage the 
> machines (especially when it comes to patching)? On this scale manual ssh 
> methods become unmanageable, even using the likes of pdsh and before I even 
> consider the fact the machines will not all be in Linux at any given time. 
> Unfortunately I have no budget for this project so an Ubuntu/Landscape 
> solution is not workable. Ideally something usable by non-Linux (but 
> technically competent Windows) administrators would be nice (e.g. a "point 
> and shoot" web-interface to mass deploy updates). Does anyone have any 
> suggestions of existing projects which fit this bill or am I going to have to 
> roll my own solution?
> Thanks in advance
> Laurence
> 
If you want to check out updates before rolling them out to all
machines, I would set up a local apt repository.  Have the machines set
to automatically update, but have sources.list point to your local repo.
That way anything you add to the repo will automatically get rolled out
to all machines.

If you decide not to go with your own apt repo, I highly recommend you
at least use something like apt-cacher-ng.  It'll save a lot of download
bandwidth and time.

-Rob


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Re: how to give priority to local repository

[Andrei Popescu]

On Jo, 07 apr 11, 09:39:27, abdelkader belahcene wrote:
> Hi,
> Sometimes I have the same version of sofware  in my local repository and the
> remote repos,
> of course I want to install the soft from the local,
> 
> plaease HOW TO tell this to apt-get .

If the versions are identical it should be enough to list the local 
repository first in sources.list.

Regards,
Andrei
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Re: 64 bit debian, 32 bit app and libaio.so.1 dependency

[Bob McGowan]

On 04/07/2011 01:21 PM, George Standish wrote:
> On 11-04-07 04:10 PM, Bob McGowan wrote:
>> Hi, all,
>>
>> I have a Perl based application tool set that uses DBD::Oracle libraries
<>
>> So, is there a way currently to get a 32 bit library installed in a 64
>> bit environment using apt-get or aptitude, outside of the basic 32 bit
>> support package?
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
> I have had good personal success using the getlibs script to install
> 32bit libraries on 64bit systems (mainly for gaming purposes in my
> case), it utilises apt tools but is certainly a "hack".
> 
> You can see the Debian forum post at
> http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?t=17215 for further details.
> 
> George
> 

I'll look into this, if needed.  Sven's post indicates I need to be
looking at other issues, I think.

-- 
Bob McGowan


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Re: 64 bit debian, 32 bit app and libaio.so.1 dependency

[Bob McGowan]

On 04/07/2011 01:25 PM, Sven Joachim wrote:
> On 2011-04-07 22:10 +0200, Bob McGowan wrote:
> 
>> I have a Perl based application tool set that uses DBD::Oracle libraries
>> from the Oracle 11 instant client package.  The DBD was compiled in a 32
>> bit environment.
>>
>> Now there's a user who wants to run it on a 64 bit system, which at
>> least requires the installation of the 'ia32-libs' package.
>>
>> However, 'ia32-libs' does not include a 32 bit version of libaio.so.1,
>> which is required by the Oracle 11 libraries.
> 
> It does, according to
> http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/amd64/ia32-libs/filelist.
> 
> Sven
> 

OK, I was basing my statement on what the end user had said, and did not
verify it myself.

Thanks for the reference.

-- 
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Re: Aptitude and apt-get curiosity.....

[Andrei Popescu]

On Mi, 06 apr 11, 15:58:05, Aaron Toponce wrote:
> 
> 'apt-get upgrade' is synonymous with 'aptitude full-upgrade'. 

No, it's not. In fact, 'aptitude safe-upgrade' will install new 
packages, while 'apt-get upgrade' will not ;)

> Either way, not to be a dick and suggest you RTFM, but you really 
> should RTFM. :)

...

Regards,
Andrei
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Re: My posts to list not echoed

[Lisi]

On Thursday 07 April 2011 20:57:14 Andrei Popescu wrote:
> On Du, 03 apr 11, 08:46:33, Lisi wrote:
> > For this reason I send by my ISP's STMP server - when the list will let
> > me! It sometimes blocks my emails when I do this.
>
> Did you try subscribing to the whitelist?
> http://lists.debian.org/whitelist/

Thanks, Andrei.  I didn't know about it.  I have just subscribed.

Lisi


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Re: 64 bit debian, 32 bit app and libaio.so.1 dependency

[Sven Joachim]

On 2011-04-07 22:10 +0200, Bob McGowan wrote:

> I have a Perl based application tool set that uses DBD::Oracle libraries
> from the Oracle 11 instant client package.  The DBD was compiled in a 32
> bit environment.
>
> Now there's a user who wants to run it on a 64 bit system, which at
> least requires the installation of the 'ia32-libs' package.
>
> However, 'ia32-libs' does not include a 32 bit version of libaio.so.1,
> which is required by the Oracle 11 libraries.

It does, according to
http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/amd64/ia32-libs/filelist.

Sven


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Re: 64 bit debian, 32 bit app and libaio.so.1 dependency

[George Standish]

On 11-04-07 04:10 PM, Bob McGowan wrote:

Hi, all,

I have a Perl based application tool set that uses DBD::Oracle libraries
from the Oracle 11 instant client package.  The DBD was compiled in a 32
bit environment.

Now there's a user who wants to run it on a 64 bit system, which at
least requires the installation of the 'ia32-libs' package.

However, 'ia32-libs' does not include a 32 bit version of libaio.so.1,
which is required by the Oracle 11 libraries.

I could supply a 32 bit copy of it with the Oracle 11 libraries, but it
seems to me there should be a better solution, based on standard package
management tools.

There was some discussion for improving 32 bit library support in 64 bit
architectures in June 2010 and thereabout (David Kalnischkies is perhaps
lead developer?), but based on what I found, this may still be a future
feature.  Mention was made of an 'ia32-apt-get', but that is not
available on the 64 bit Debian system (fyi, it's 6.0.1, in case that's
relevant).

So, is there a way currently to get a 32 bit library installed in a 64
bit environment using apt-get or aptitude, outside of the basic 32 bit
support package?

Thanks,

I have had good personal success using the getlibs script to install 
32bit libraries on 64bit systems (mainly for gaming purposes in my 
case), it utilises apt tools but is certainly a "hack".


You can see the Debian forum post at 
http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?t=17215 for further details.


George


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Re: Managing large numbers (100+) of Debian-based machines

[Tom Grace]

On 07/04/11 20:01, Peter Beck wrote:


what about puppet ? Anyone made experience with puppet on debian ?
I do lots of Puppet on Debian, and it's a good way to get consistent 
machines. Not sure it's the right thing for the OP, I got the impression 
that they were just after I way of making sure all the boxes were updated.


If it's just updates, something like cron-apt might be the best thing. 
If it's managing the whole machine, Puppet/Cfengine is the way to go 
(though there is a learning curve).



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64 bit debian, 32 bit app and libaio.so.1 dependency

[Bob McGowan]

Hi, all,

I have a Perl based application tool set that uses DBD::Oracle libraries
from the Oracle 11 instant client package.  The DBD was compiled in a 32
bit environment.

Now there's a user who wants to run it on a 64 bit system, which at
least requires the installation of the 'ia32-libs' package.

However, 'ia32-libs' does not include a 32 bit version of libaio.so.1,
which is required by the Oracle 11 libraries.

I could supply a 32 bit copy of it with the Oracle 11 libraries, but it
seems to me there should be a better solution, based on standard package
management tools.

There was some discussion for improving 32 bit library support in 64 bit
architectures in June 2010 and thereabout (David Kalnischkies is perhaps
lead developer?), but based on what I found, this may still be a future
feature.  Mention was made of an 'ia32-apt-get', but that is not
available on the 64 bit Debian system (fyi, it's 6.0.1, in case that's
relevant).

So, is there a way currently to get a 32 bit library installed in a 64
bit environment using apt-get or aptitude, outside of the basic 32 bit
support package?

Thanks,

-- 
Bob McGowan


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Re: Your favorite bug tracking system

[Carlos Miranda Molina (Mstaaravin)]

On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 4:20 PM, Jason Hsu  wrote:
> I need a bug tracking system for Swift Linux (www.swiftlinux.org).
>
> I have no prior experience with bug tracking systems, so I have NO idea what 
> to look for.  What do you like and dislike about the various bug tracking 
> systems?  I'd especially like to hear your opinions on Bugzilla (used by 
> GNOME, KDE, OpenOffice, Red Hat, Mandriva, and Gentoo) and Launchpad (used by 
> Ubuntu and others).
>

http://www.redmine.org/

Integrate issues, wiki, etc.


-- 
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http://ngen.com.ar/blog


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Re: wheezy downloading

[Andrei Popescu]

On Sb, 02 apr 11, 23:18:14, Ron Johnson wrote:
> 
> I don't think there's such a thing as a Sid ISO, since it's always in flux.

True, but one can install sid directly by using expert mode (or boot 
with 'priority=medium') and select sid as the target.

If installing sid is all that is needed the business-card iso would save 
one from downloading unneeded stuff.

Regards,
Andrei
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Re: My posts to list not echoed

[Andrei Popescu]

On Du, 03 apr 11, 08:46:33, Lisi wrote:
> 
> For this reason I send by my ISP's STMP server - when the list will let me!  
> It sometimes blocks my emails when I do this.

Did you try subscribing to the whitelist?
http://lists.debian.org/whitelist/

Regards,
Andrei
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Re: Graphics - Radeon HD 5000 lock-ups

[Andrei Popescu]

On Du, 03 apr 11, 10:30:19, C. Hurschler wrote:
> 
> radeon - Using the radeon driver (no xorg.conf, default installation):
> 
> http://pastebin.com/B34BSsQJ
> 
> Symptoms: cannot change to console Ctrl-Alt-F1 etc. The screen is blank and 
> the monitor is put in sleep mode (!).  KDE System-Settings:Desktop crashes 
> every time without exception.

Some stuff that looks suspicious to me (besides what Camaleòn already 
spotted): 

(II) [KMS] drm report modesetting isn't supported.
...
(II) RADEON(0): No DRI yet on Evergreen

Hope this helps,
Andrei
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Your favorite bug tracking system

[Jason Hsu]

I need a bug tracking system for Swift Linux (www.swiftlinux.org).

I have no prior experience with bug tracking systems, so I have NO idea what to 
look for.  What do you like and dislike about the various bug tracking systems? 
 I'd especially like to hear your opinions on Bugzilla (used by GNOME, KDE, 
OpenOffice, Red Hat, Mandriva, and Gentoo) and Launchpad (used by Ubuntu and 
others).

-- 
Jason Hsu 


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Re: [help-a-newb] setting grub

[Andrei Popescu]

On Mi, 06 apr 11, 23:56:56, Joel Rees wrote:
> 
> Another problem is the fragile linkage. If Debian ends up with more
> than two entries there, or if, for some reason I delete the rescue
> mode entry, having the third entry as the default suddenly is not what
> I want. Maybe that won't happen with Fedora 13's most recent kernel as
> the default, but it definitely is more than possible if I try to
> default to the Fedora 15 install.

You can set GRUB_DEFAULT to the complete name of an entry, then you 
won't have to worry about reordering.

Regards,
Andrei
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Re: Managing large numbers (100+) of Debian-based machines

[Peter Beck]

On Thu, 2011-04-07 at 13:45 +0200, tv.deb...@googlemail.com wrote:
> Hi, maybe you can have a look at cfengine[1], seems to fit your needs
> and it's readily available in Debian. I don't have hands-on experience
> with it though. 

what about puppet ? Anyone made experience with puppet on debian ?

http://projects.puppetlabs.com/projects/1/wiki/Puppet_Debian



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Re: something changed in unstable initramfs-tools?

[Javier Vasquez]

On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 3:58 PM, Roger Leigh  wrote:
> On Wed, Apr 06, 2011 at 11:02:57AM -0600, Javier Vasquez wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> It used to be until yesterday that nouveau (controlled by KMS) was
>> automatically loaded by the kernel, as well as snd-hda-intel, and the
>> kernel hadn't changed since (2.6.38-2-amd64), so I imagined in
>> yesterday's upgrade initramfs-tools changed...
>>
>> Is this the default now?  I added the modules to /etc/modules, so not
>> big deal, but I just wanted to make sure that's the way to go...
>
> Broken udev, as discussed in a separate thread a few hours ago.
> To work around this for now, "rm -rf /run" and restart udev.
>
> --
>  .''`.  Roger Leigh

You were absolutely right...

Thanks,

-- 
Javier.


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Re: bonding

[John A. Sullivan III]

On Thu, 2011-04-07 at 16:26 +0200, Fabio DellaCorte wrote:
> Hello everybody ,
> i'm tryng to use two network device for improving performance as
> describe
> in http://wiki.debian.org/Bonding and 
> http://www.debianadmin.com/linux-ethernet-bonding-configuration.html .
> I have two problem :
> 
> 
> 1)I don't see performance increase trying with ftp
> 2) i have used round roubin balance in in the first test  and now with
> balance-alb but i still see in /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/mode
> "balance-rr 0"
> 

There are a couple of issues in bonding which can bite the unsuspecting
(as they did me!). Round robin will load balance across multiple
interfaces but can produce serious issues with managing out of order TCP
packets.  Thus, the performance gain decreases dramatically with the
number of interfaces.  In other words, 2 NICs in RR mode will not give
2x the performance nor 3 NICs 3x performance.  I do not recall the exact
numbers off the top of my head but averages are something like:
2 NICs - 1.6x performance
3 NICs - 1.9x performance

The other modes (other than failover) eliminate the out of order TCP
problem but do so at a cost.  All traffic for a single traffic flow goes
across a single path.  The most common way to identify a single traffic
flow is matching source and destination MAC addresses.  Some bonding
algorithms allow matches on layer 3 or even layer 4 data but, if the
switch through which they flow only supports MAC to MAC flow
assignments, it will all devolve to matching MAC addresses anyway.

So what is the practical outcome using non-RR bonding? You have only one
combination of source and destination MAC address for each socket, e.g.,
if you are measuring a single FTP connection, there is only one
combination of source and destination MAC address.  Thus, no matter how
many NICs you have, all the traffic will flow across one combination of
NICs.  You will see no performance improvement.

In fact, depending on how the MAC addresses are advertised from the
systems with multiple NICs, all traffic between two systems may flow
across the same pair of NICs even if there are multiple, different
traffic streams.

On the other hand, if you are using bonding to provide a trunk carrying
traffic from many different source and destination MAC address
combinations, each separate stream will be limited to the maximum of the
individual NICs but the aggregate throughput should increase almost
linearly with the number of NICs.  Hope that helps - John



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Re: Aptitude and apt-get curiosity.....

[Lisi]

On Thursday 07 April 2011 16:38:42 David Jardine wrote:
> Nobody's challenged this yet, so perhaps I'm mistaken in thinking that
> aptitude's safe-upgrade and full-upgrade are equivalent to apt-get's
> upgrade and dist-upgrade respectively.  But I still think so. :)

And they say that they are much the same thing nowadays and can be mixed.  
I am of little faith and probably not much more brain (cf. A.A. Milne - 
sorry!) but I shall continue to stick to aptitude except where very clearly 
told not to. (As in the release notes for Squeeze.)  I'm less likely to burn 
the ship down!

Lisi


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Re: bonding

[Fabio DellaCorte]

Same speed . I think is a server limit .

2011/4/7 Estelmann, Christian 

> axel is a tool to download something, like wget. "-n 4" says that it has
> to use 4 connections.
> http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/axel
>
>
> Am 07.04.2011 17:59, schrieb Fabio DellaCorte:
> > "Did you try "bond_mode balance-alb" instead of "bond_mode 6" in
> > interfaces?"
> >
> > Yes
> > What is axel -n?
>
>
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>

Re: bonding

[Estelmann, Christian]

axel is a tool to download something, like wget. "-n 4" says that it has
to use 4 connections.
http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/axel


Am 07.04.2011 17:59, schrieb Fabio DellaCorte:
> "Did you try "bond_mode balance-alb" instead of "bond_mode 6" in
> interfaces?"
>
> Yes
> What is axel -n?


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Re: bonding

[Fabio DellaCorte]

"Did you try "bond_mode balance-alb" instead of "bond_mode 6" in
interfaces?"

Yes
What is axel -n?

2011/4/7 Estelmann, Christian 

> Try it with some more connections.
> (for example "axel -n 4 ftp://";)
>
> For testing, you can slow down your interfaces:
> #mii-tool -F 10baseT-FD eth0
> #mii-tool -F 10baseT-FD eth1
>
> Did you try "bond_mode balance-alb" instead of "bond_mode 6" in interfaces?
>
>
> Am 07.04.2011 17:07, schrieb Fabio DellaCorte:
>
>> only one
>>
>> 2011/4/7 Leonardo Ruoso > leonardo.ru...@gmail.com>>
>>
>>
>>2011/4/7 Fabio DellaCorte >>
>>
>>i'm tryng to use two network device for improving performance
>>as describe in http://wiki.debian.org/Bonding and
>>
>> http://www.debianadmin.com/linux-ethernet-bonding-configuration.html .
>>1)I don't see performance increase trying with ftp
>>
>>How many simultaneous FTP sessions are you using in your tests?
>>
>>
>
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>
>

Re: Aptitude and apt-get curiosity.....

[David Jardine]

On Wed, Apr 06, 2011 at 11:44:30PM +0100, Lisi wrote:
 
>   I know very little about apt-get, but according to Aaron, who 
> clearly does know about it, apt-get upgrade is equivalent to aptitude 
> full-upgrade.  

Nobody's challenged this yet, so perhaps I'm mistaken in thinking that 
aptitude's safe-upgrade and full-upgrade are equivalent to apt-get's 
upgrade and dist-upgrade respectively.  But I still think so. :)

Cheers,
David


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Re: bonding

[Estelmann, Christian]

Try it with some more connections.
(for example "axel -n 4 ftp://";)

For testing, you can slow down your interfaces:
#mii-tool -F 10baseT-FD eth0
#mii-tool -F 10baseT-FD eth1

Did you try "bond_mode balance-alb" instead of "bond_mode 6" in interfaces?


Am 07.04.2011 17:07, schrieb Fabio DellaCorte:

only one

2011/4/7 Leonardo Ruoso >


2011/4/7 Fabio DellaCorte mailto:iloveyoumarya...@gmail.com>>

i'm tryng to use two network device for improving performance
as describe in http://wiki.debian.org/Bonding and
http://www.debianadmin.com/linux-ethernet-bonding-configuration.html .
1)I don't see performance increase trying with ftp

How many simultaneous FTP sessions are you using in your tests?




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Re: bonding

[Fabio DellaCorte]

only one

2011/4/7 Leonardo Ruoso 

> 2011/4/7 Fabio DellaCorte 
>
>> i'm tryng to use two network device for improving performance as describe
>> in http://wiki.debian.org/Bonding and
>> http://www.debianadmin.com/linux-ethernet-bonding-configuration.html .
>> 1)I don't see performance increase trying with ftp
>>
> How many simultaneous FTP sessions are you using in your tests?
>
>
>
> --
> Leonardo Ruoso - Jornalista/Desenvolvedor
> Assessoria de Imprensa. Consultoria de Marketing. Desenvolvimento e
> Integração de Software.
> Comunicação Social/Jornalismo - UFC/2006. Telecomunicações - ETFCE/1998.
> Foos, Perl, Debian Gnu/Linux, Agile, UML, DBA e OOP. Coaching/NLP. Inglês e
> Francês.
> http://leonardo.ruoso.com - http://www.linkedin.com/in/lruoso
>
>

bonding

[Fabio DellaCorte]

Hello everybody ,
i'm tryng to use two network device for improving performance as describe
in http://wiki.debian.org/Bonding and
http://www.debianadmin.com/linux-ethernet-bonding-configuration.html .
I have two problem :

1)I don't see performance increase trying with ftp
2) i have used round roubin balance in in the first test  and now with
balance-alb but i still see in /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/mode "balance-rr
0"

/etc/interfaces :
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and
how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The
loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto bond0 iface
bond0 inet static address 10.172.184.13 netmask 255.255.255.224 network
10.172.184.0 gateway 10.172.184.1 up /sbin/ifenslave bond0 eth0 up
/sbin/ifenslave bond0 eth1 bond_mode 6


ifconfig :
root@debian1-cq:~# ifconfig
bond0 Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:14:4f:9e:d6:06
  inet addr:10.172.184.13  Bcast:10.172.184.31  Mask:255.255.255.224
  inet6 addr: fe80::214:4fff:fe9e:d606/64 Scope:Link
  UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
  RX packets:625306496 errors:0 dropped:6 overruns:0 frame:0
  TX packets:823213450 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
  collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
  RX bytes:592415237576 (551.7 GiB)  TX bytes:928858996239 (865.0
GiB)

eth0  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:14:4f:9e:d6:06
  UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
  RX packets:609856456 errors:0 dropped:6 overruns:0 frame:0
  TX packets:815197760 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
  collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
  RX bytes:569739435949 (530.6 GiB)  TX bytes:928287618315 (864.5
GiB)

eth1  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:14:4f:9e:d6:06
  UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
  RX packets:15450040 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
  TX packets:8015690 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
  collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
  RX bytes:22675801627 (21.1 GiB)  TX bytes:571377924 (544.9 MiB)
  Interrupt:22 Base address:0x2000

loLink encap:Local Loopback
  inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
  inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
  UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
  RX packets:5274 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
  TX packets:5274 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
  collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
  RX bytes:496326 (484.6 KiB)  TX bytes:496326 (484.6 KiB)

Re: Squeeze, GPT, GRUB2 and Software RAID1

[chris]

Hello,

I recently went through the same thing as you with squeeze and some 2T and
3T drives. The thing that has been working really well for me is to create a
small partition with the special flag of bios boot partition. The installer
has this option for a partition type but when I did it in the installer but
it never worked for me. I booted knoppix and did it then the installer
worked all automagically.

check out this url for more info

http://grub.enbug.org/BIOS_Boot_Partition

- chris

On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 5:32 AM, Georgi Naplatanov  wrote:

>
>
> On 03/27/2011 11:33 PM, Tom H wrote:
>
>> On Sun, Mar 27, 2011 at 10:35 AM, Georgi Naplatanov
>>  wrote:
>>
>>>
>>> I have 2 disk Western Digital WD2002FAEX - 2TB and I want to install
>>> Squeeze
>>> with software RAID 1 and GPT instead of old MSDOS partition map.
>>>
>>> I want to use GRUB2 as boot loader, but I read that is needed to be
>>> created
>>> a BIOS Boot Partition.[1]
>>>
>>> I have 2 disk and I want when one of them fail to be possible to boot
>>> from
>>> another.
>>>
>>> My question is - Will installer, GRUB2 and Squeeze handle synchronization
>>> of
>>> BIOS Boot Partition on both disks or I have to do it manually and
>>> eventually
>>> how to do it manually ?
>>>
>>
>> I've found that you have to format your disks before the install (and
>> create a bios_grub partition) and you then have to run "grub-install
>> /dev/sdb" once you're booted into your install.
>>
>> You can probably install grub on both disks by refusing to install to
>> the MBR and then installing it to (hd0) and (hd1) but I've never tried
>> it.
>>
>>
>>
> Hello Tom.
>
> Yesterday I installed Squeeze (AMD64) (in expert mode) on my computer and
> refused the installer to install GRUB2 on MBR and tell it to install on
> "(hd0) (hd1)". The installation works very well, Linux boots successfully
> from both drives.
>
> In both cases - GPT and MSDOS, grub2 installs in MBR, but in different
> ways. I found this explanation :
>
> "Note that if you've converted an MBR disk to GPT format, booting will fail
> even if you were previously using a GPT-aware version of GRUB. This is
> because the MBR and GPT boot-time code for GRUB is different; in fact, GRUB
> installs part of itself just after the MBR on MBR-based disks (when you
> install it to the MBR), but that space becomes used by GPT on GPT disks, so
> converting MBR to GPT will wipe out part of GRUB. Re-installing a GPT-aware
> GRUB, as just described, will correct this problem." [1].
>
> May be Debian installer has to explain more detail how to install GRUB2
> with GPT or handle it automatically.
>
> Thank you.
>
> Regards
> Georgi
>
> [1] - http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/booting.html
>
>
>
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Re: [help-a-newb] setting grub

[Joel Rees]

On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 7:58 PM, Tom H  wrote:
> On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 3:02 AM, Joel Rees  wrote:
>> [...]
> F15's failure may or may not be grub's fault... F15's in alpha mode so
> it's most probably F15 but we can't tell from your posts.

Actually, it's looking like my new drive has hardware issues. I can't
believe they sell these things without even one selection strap these
days, so I have the master/slave selction flying in the breeze. I'll
have to bike over to the store tomorrow and shell out 280 yen for a
strap tomorrow, I guess.

(I know, the electronics are supposed to automatically select that for
you, but I just generally have problems with this
motherboard/controller set unless I strap those.)

> [...]
>> Manual is no problem here, because it would chain, and Fedora [takes]
>> care of its own grub.
>>
>> That's the whole point of chaining. Debian doesn't have to know how to
>> sift through Fedora or openBSD or openSolaris partitions or whatever.
>> Just chain to whatever boot loader is stored in the base partition
>> specified.
>>
>> Anyway, I have been playing with that. I found an example or two for
>> chaining to MSWindows which looked possible, but don't seem to work.
>>
>> I found a tutorial at
>> 
>>
>> and [the] manual at
>>
>> 
>>
>> [...]
>> I've made several stabs at this, but the present one ("09_fedora",
>> with the execution bit properly set) looks like this:
>>
>> 
>> #! /bin/sh -e
>> echo "adding chain to hd(1,1) and hd(2,1)"
>>
>> cat << ENDOFOTHERS
>> menuentry "Fedora on /dev/sda1" {
>>        insmod part_msdos
>>        insmod ext2
>>        insmod chain
>>        set root='(hd1,msdos1)'
>>        chainloader (hd1,msdos1)+1
>> }
>>
>> menuentry "Fedora on /dev/sdf1" {
>>        insmod part_msdos
>>        insmod ext2
>>        insmod chain
>>        set root='(hd2,msdos1)'
>>        chainloader (hd2,msdos1)+1
>> }
>> ENDOFOTHERS
>> --
>>
>> [...]
>
> The grub2 developers decided that most people wouldn't want to set up
> chainloads and would want update-grub to add all the available
> installs to grub.cfg to be directly bootable.

That's kind of the way it looks, which is kind of shocking to me.

> There's possibly a case
> to add an option to "/etc/default/grub" to choose to have other
> detected OSs with chainloads...

If insmod chain would work, I don't know why that would be necessary.
I guess it would be closer to the legacy behavior.

Maybe I'll grab the source and add an option to revert back to legacy
grub behavior. (Like I have time for that.  :-/)

> You can update "/boot/grub/device.map" with grub-mkdevicemap.

Would that have some advantage over simply doing a re- grub-install ?

> Check that you've used the correct (hdX,msdosY) for Fedora with
> grub-probe and possibly use a "search ..." line after the "set
> root..." line (or just use a "search ..." line).

Well, near as I can tell, it matches what the mod-prober part puts out
for the drive,partition stuff.

> Renaming 30_os-prober's a good solution too, although it doesn't solve
> the BFO problem without some intervention form your side but nothing
> else does.

Short of moving Debian off the first drive. Although the tutorial I
linked to above suggests that grub2 doesn't like to be called from
legacy grub. :-(

Well, renaming the os-prober module will at least be faster than moving Debian.

I think I'll do that for now.

Thanks for thinking through this with me.

--
Joel Rees


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Re: Managing large numbers (100+) of Debian-based machines

[Axel Freyn]

Hi,
On Thu, Apr 07, 2011 at 01:45:55PM +0200, tv.deb...@googlemail.com wrote:
> 07/04/2011 13:21, Laurence Hurst:
> > Hi folks,
> > I am looking at possibly deploying Debian (or a derivative thereof)
> >on a large number of machines (initially 80 but I fully expect the final
> >number to end up being in excess of 100) which are intermittently
> >connected to the network (due to multi-boot setup). I was wondering
> >if anyone else has a large(ish) installation base and what tools they
> >were using to manage the machines (especially when it comes to patching)?
> >On this scale manual ssh methods become unmanageable, even using the
> >likes of pdsh and before I even consider the fact the machines will not
> >all be in Linux at any given time. Unfortunately I have no budget for
> >this project so an Ubuntu/Landscape solution is not workable. Ideally
> >something usable by non-Linux (but technically competent Windows)
> >administrators would be nice (e.g. a "point and shoot" web-interface
> >to mass deploy updates). Does anyone have any suggestions of existing
> >projects which fit this bill or am I going to have to roll my own
> >solution?
> > Thanks in advance
> > Laurence
> > 
> > 
> 
> Hi, maybe you can have a look at cfengine[1], seems to fit your needs
> and it's readily available in Debian. I don't have hands-on experience
> with it though.
> 
> [1] http://www.cfengine.org/pages/what_is_cfengine

Another approach would be "FAI" http://fai-project.org
In addition to a "update", it also contains the installation system. In short:
 - you create so-called "classes" which describe the
   machines/configuration/software (e.g. graphics drivers, which
   software to install, what is the default printer, ...)
 - for every machine you define which classes apply to this machine
 - this configuration space is put on a central server
No, for a full installation of one client, you have to boot the client
from the "install" system (can be USB-Stick, CD, or you boot from the
network -- its only a minimal linux)
 - you need a DHCP-Server which distributes the correct
   Hostnames/IP-Adresse to the machine (identified by its MAC-adress) --
   or you have to select the hostname by hand during the full
   installation.
 - then, FAI runs the full install (partition harddisks, create
   filesystems, install debian base-system, install additional software,
   apply patches,... as configured by the "classes")
 - after a restart, your machine is fully installed & configured :-)

For patches: fai supports a feature "softupdate", which can be executed
on a running client, and which then reads again the full
configuration-space.
So you just need a way to start the softupdate regularly (my solution: I
have a "version-file" on the server and a local one on each client. At
every boot, the client checks the version-number in the server &
compares it to its local one -- and starts the update if necessary).

I'm happy with FAI ;-) Once you have the configuration space, everything
"just works"  -- and re-installations (e.g. due to hardware failures)
are no problems.

Axel


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Re: Managing large numbers (100+) of Debian-based machines

[Alex Mestiashvili]

On 04/07/2011 01:21 PM, Laurence Hurst wrote:

Hi folks,
I am looking at possibly deploying Debian (or a derivative thereof) on a large number of 
machines (initially 80 but I fully expect the final number to end up being in excess of 
100) which are intermittently connected to the network (due to multi-boot setup). I was 
wondering if anyone else has a large(ish) installation base and what tools they were 
using to manage the machines (especially when it comes to patching)? On this scale manual 
ssh methods become unmanageable, even using the likes of pdsh and before I even consider 
the fact the machines will not all be in Linux at any given time. Unfortunately I have no 
budget for this project so an Ubuntu/Landscape solution is not workable. Ideally 
something usable by non-Linux (but technically competent Windows) administrators would be 
nice (e.g. a "point and shoot" web-interface to mass deploy updates). Does 
anyone have any suggestions of existing projects which fit this bill or am I going to 
have to roll my own solution?
Thanks in advance
Laurence


   

have a look on FAI http://fai-project.org/ for installations  .

Regards ,
Alex


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Re: Managing large numbers (100+) of Debian-based machines

[tv.deb...@googlemail.com]

07/04/2011 13:21, Laurence Hurst:
> Hi folks,
> I am looking at possibly deploying Debian (or a derivative thereof)
>on a large number of machines (initially 80 but I fully expect the final
>number to end up being in excess of 100) which are intermittently
>connected to the network (due to multi-boot setup). I was wondering
>if anyone else has a large(ish) installation base and what tools they
>were using to manage the machines (especially when it comes to patching)?
>On this scale manual ssh methods become unmanageable, even using the
>likes of pdsh and before I even consider the fact the machines will not
>all be in Linux at any given time. Unfortunately I have no budget for
>this project so an Ubuntu/Landscape solution is not workable. Ideally
>something usable by non-Linux (but technically competent Windows)
>administrators would be nice (e.g. a "point and shoot" web-interface
>to mass deploy updates). Does anyone have any suggestions of existing
>projects which fit this bill or am I going to have to roll my own
>solution?
> Thanks in advance
> Laurence
> 
> 

Hi, maybe you can have a look at cfengine[1], seems to fit your needs
and it's readily available in Debian. I don't have hands-on experience
with it though.

[1] http://www.cfengine.org/pages/what_is_cfengine


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Managing large numbers (100+) of Debian-based machines

[Laurence Hurst]

Hi folks,
I am looking at possibly deploying Debian (or a derivative thereof) on a large 
number of machines (initially 80 but I fully expect the final number to end up 
being in excess of 100) which are intermittently connected to the network (due 
to multi-boot setup). I was wondering if anyone else has a large(ish) 
installation base and what tools they were using to manage the machines 
(especially when it comes to patching)? On this scale manual ssh methods become 
unmanageable, even using the likes of pdsh and before I even consider the fact 
the machines will not all be in Linux at any given time. Unfortunately I have 
no budget for this project so an Ubuntu/Landscape solution is not workable. 
Ideally something usable by non-Linux (but technically competent Windows) 
administrators would be nice (e.g. a "point and shoot" web-interface to mass 
deploy updates). Does anyone have any suggestions of existing projects which 
fit this bill or am I going to have to roll my own solution?
Thanks in advance
Laurence


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Re: Ubuntu Versions (was: Re: Let's say you never want to upgrade from Lenny...)

[Tom H]

On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 6:27 AM, Tom H  wrote:
> On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 9:56 PM, Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.
>  wrote:
>> In , Tom H wrote:
>>>On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 7:17 PM, Rob Owens  wrote:

 With Ubuntu (I believe) you get "5 years for a server" and "3 years for
 a desktop" if you go with an LTS release. What packages are server
 packages and what ones are desktop packages?
>>>
>>>Server = X-less so WM-less, DE-less, GUI-less
>>
>> Do you have any documentation to support this assertion?
>
> Get a Ubuntu server CD and try to install GNOME from it without network 
> access.
>
> Read through the ubuntu-server list archives.
>
> How else would they offer different EOL for desktop and server?
>
> I'll try to find something for you on ubuntu.com...

>From https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ServerGUI

"X11 and desktop packages are not supported for the full 5 year
lifecycle of the LTS server release"

>From https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ServerFaq

"The "Server" CD avoids including what Ubuntu considers desktop
packages (packages like X, Gnome or KDE)"

and

"The Ubuntu Server Edition installation process is slightly different
from the Desktop Edition. Since by default Ubuntu Server doesn't have
a GUI, the process is menu driven, very similar to the Alternate CD
installation process."


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Re: [help-a-newb] setting grub

[Tom H]

On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 3:02 AM, Joel Rees  wrote:
> On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 12:32 AM, Tom H  wrote:
>> On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 10:56 AM, Joel Rees  wrote:
>>> On Sun, Mar 20, 2011 at 12:09 AM, Dom  wrote:


 I don't use chain loading, so am not sure how to do that. I think grub2
 should automatically detect other OSen, is os-prober is installed, when
 update-grub is run. I'm sure someone else here can advise you.
>>>
>>> Well, apparently, it doesn't find the other OSses until you do the
>>> /usr/sbin/grub-update . That's one problem. The other problem is that
>>> I don't want Debian to be the default right now. Maybe later.
>>
>> Because update-grub runs "/etc/grub.d/30_os-prober" which runs os-prober.
>
> Which detects my kernels and tries to list out direct jumps to them in the 
> menu.
>
> Which is not what I want at all. It makes the jump to the Fedora 13
> kernel okay, but dies on the Fedora 15(alpha) kernel. I'm not sure
> whether that's grub2's fault or F15(alpha)'s fault, but if it were
> chaining I'd be a lot more sure, and I'd have a chance to muck with
> the grub that Fedora installs.

F15's failure may or may not be grub's fault... F15's in alpha mode so
it's most probably F15 but we can't tell from your posts.

If you don't want os-prober to add your Fedora entries to grub.cfg,
set "GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=true" in "/etc/default/grub" and run
update-grub.


>>> Another problem is the fragile linkage. If Debian ends up with more
>>> than two entries there, or if, for some reason I delete the rescue
>>> mode entry, having the third entry as the default suddenly is not what
>>> I want.
>>>
>>> With chainloading each system can maintain its own grub, and Debian's
>>> kernel install scripts don't need to know for Fedora's kernels.
>>>
>>> That doesn't completely solve things. That is, if Debian ever thinks
>>> it has to make a third entry, and the third entry was the default,
>>> what was default is no longer.
>>
>> grub1's update-grub had the same fragile linkage - although I vaguely
>> remember an option to update the default entry but I could be
>> imagining things/thinking of something else.
>>
>> I can think of two options (short of switching to LILO as has been
>> suggested in the past here).
>>
>> 1. Set "GRUB_DEFAULT=saved" in "/etc/default/grub" and run
>> "grub-set-default "; update-grub". You will then always boot by
>> default with the last kernel with which you booted.
>>
>> It isn't really what you're looking for but it could be good enough.
>
> Well, I have another example of why this would be problematic. There
> is a BFO boot option I'm playing with, and with the BFO pseudo-kernel
> in there, Debian's grub2 puts it before the real kernels. Which would
> have me defaulting to trying to install a new OS evertime I boot up,
> until I go change it by hand. And, then, when I get tired of the state
> of the BFO gadgetry at this point, I delete it from the Fedora /boot
> directory and Debian's grub2 defaults me to an old kernel.

You'd have to run  "grub-set-default "; update-grub" after every
time that you add/remove BFO.


>> 2. Set "GRUB_DEFAULT=0" in "/etc/default/grub", create
>> "/etc/grub.d/09_first-kernel", and run update-grub, where:
>>
>> $ cat /boot/grub.d/09_first-kernel
>> #!/bin/sh
>> cat << EOF
>> menuentry "first kernel" {
>> set and insmod prelims
>> set root=...
>> search ...
>> linux ...
>> initrd ...
>> }
>> EOF
>>
>> But you'll have to maintain this file manually.
>
> Manual is no problem here, because it would chain, and Fedora talks
> care of its own grub.
>
> That's the whole point of chaining. Debian doesn't have to know how to
> sift through Fedora or openBSD or openSolaris partitions or whatever.
> Just chain to whatever boot loader is stored in the base partition
> specified.
>
> Anyway, I have been playing with that. I found an example or two for
> chaining to MSWindows which looked possible, but don't seem to work.
>
> I found a tutorial at
> 
>
> and something of a manual at
>
> 
>
> I had to edit /boot/grub/device.map and add the entry from
> /dev/disk/by-id for the third drive since I added the drive after
> installing Debian, although that may have been a mistake.
>
> I've made several stabs at this, but the present one ("09_fedora",
> with the execution bit properly set) looks like this:
>
> 
> #! /bin/sh -e
> echo "adding chain to hd(1,1) and hd(2,1)"
>
> cat << ENDOFOTHERS
> menuentry "Fedora on /dev/sda1" {
>        insmod part_msdos
>        insmod ext2
>        insmod chain
>        set root='(hd1,msdos1)'
>        chainloader (hd1,msdos1)+1
> }
>
> menuentry "Fedora on /dev/sdf1" {
>        insmod part_msdos
>        insmod ext2
>        insmod chain
>        set root='(hd2,msdos1)'
>        chainloader (hd2,msdos1)+1
> }
> ENDOFOTHERS
> --
>
> After doing update-g

Re: [help-a-newb] setting grub

[Tom H]

On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 11:45 PM, Huang, Tao  wrote:
> On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 11:32 PM, Tom H  wrote:
>>
>> 1. Set "GRUB_DEFAULT=saved" in "/etc/default/grub" and run
>> "grub-set-default "; update-grub". You will then always boot by
>> default with the last kernel with which you booted.
>
> you dont boot with the the last entry you used unless you had the
> "savedefault" option enabled for that entry.

True, with apologies for the incorrect info.

You have to set "GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true" in "/etc/default/grub" to boot
with the last-used kernel.


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Re: Ubuntu Versions (was: Re: Let's say you never want to upgrade from Lenny...)

[Tom H]

On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 9:56 PM, Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.
 wrote:
> In , Tom H wrote:
>>On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 7:17 PM, Rob Owens  wrote:
>>>
>>> With Ubuntu (I believe) you get "5 years for a server" and "3 years for
>>> a desktop" if you go with an LTS release. What packages are server
>>> packages and what ones are desktop packages?
>>
>>Server = X-less so WM-less, DE-less, GUI-less
>
> Do you have any documentation to support this assertion?

Get a Ubuntu server CD and try to install GNOME from it without network access.

Read through the ubuntu-server list archives.

How else would they offer different EOL for desktop and server?

I'll try to find something for you on ubuntu.com...


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Re: Ubuntu Versions

[Tom H]

On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 7:58 PM, Ron Johnson  wrote:
> On 04/06/2011 06:39 PM, Tom H wrote:
>> On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 7:17 PM, Rob Owens  wrote:
>>>
>>> With Ubuntu (I believe) you get "5 years for a server" and "3 years for
>>> a desktop" if you go with an LTS release. What packages are server
>>> packages and what ones are desktop packages? I don't know. It would be
>>> nice to see a list somewhere.
>>
>> Server = X-less so WM-less, DE-less, GUI-less
>
> How exactly is an X-less Ubuntu different than Debian Stable?

Although I only have X-less Debian installs, I'm pretty sure that
there are many who install Debian with a DE...

Now that Squeeze has been published, I suspect that there isn't much
of a difference between it and Lucid (except for plymouth and
upstart).


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Re: EeePC and Debian

[Liam O'Toole]

On 2011-04-07, Rob Hurle  wrote:
>   I have an EeePC 4G (the 701) and I'm trying to put Debian Squeeze on
> to it.  I've RTFM and read the wiki, and got to the stage of having a
> USB stick that boots the netinst version.  The EeePC is connected to
> the Internet by a proven cable (not wireless).  The USB stick boots to
> the install screen (looks good) and I can use the touch pad to
> navigate around that.  But, when I choose anything from that menu, the
> system hangs.  CTL-ALT-DEL reboots, and it seems to be the only way to
> get out of it, short of removing the battery.  The power button does
> nothing.

I am running squeeze on that model. In my case, however, I installed
lenny from the Debian eee PC project, and upgraded from there.

One major change in squeeze is that non-free firmware is not included in
the default image. IIRC, the 4G requires non-free firmware for the
wireless card. I'm not saying that this accounts for the system hang,
but you can eliminate it as a possibility by using an install image with
bundled non-free firmware.

Another avenue to explore is a text-only installation. Does that allow
you to get any further?

>
>   If I look at the USB stick on my Debian system, this is what I see:
>
> rob@debianrob:/media> cd Debian\ 6.0.1a\ i386\ 1/
> rob@debianrob:/media/Debian 6.0.1a i386 1> ll
> total 721
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root 27 2011-03-21 02:03 autorun.inf
> dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 css
> lr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root  1 2011-03-21 02:03 debian -> .
> dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 dists
> dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 doc
> dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 firmware
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root 110070 2011-03-15 13:51 g2ldr
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root   8192 2011-03-15 13:51 g2ldr.mbr
> dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 install
> dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 install.386
> dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   4096 2011-03-21 02:03 isolinux
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root  40572 2011-03-21 02:04 md5sum.txt
> dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 pics
> dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 pool
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root   8761 2011-03-21 02:04 README.html
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root 142516 2011-03-20 06:54 README.mirrors.html
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root  76776 2011-03-20 06:54 README.mirrors.txt
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root398 2011-03-21 02:03 README.source
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root   5373 2011-03-21 02:04 README.txt
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root 319525 2011-03-15 13:51 setup.exe
> dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 tools
> -r--r--r-- 1 rob root237 2011-03-21 02:03 win32-loader.ini
>
> There seems to be a lot windows stuff here, but there is a "vmlinuz"
> file in the install.386 directory.  Do I need to boot into the old
> EeePC linux system and then run this?  What am I missing?  (Yes, I did
> read the READMEs).

I think the Windows files are for launching the installer from a running
Windows environment. (I haven't tried that, so I can't be certain.)
Otherwise you would boot from the USB directly (as you are already
doing) rather from the existing OS.

>
> Thank you,
> Rob Hurle

P.S. Don't give up. Squeeze runs great on the 4G :-)

-- 
Liam O'Toole
Cork, Ireland


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Re: Installing LaTeX (or any other software) without documentation

[bars0 bars0]

Thank you all.
I choosed a gui approach in aptitude (deselecting unwanted docs packages
manually).
Chris.

2011/4/7 Johan Grönqvist 

> 2011-04-07 09:42, bars0 bars0 skrev:
>
>> I need to install LaTeX in my machine, but without documentation.
>> How can I achieve this via aptitude or apt-get?
>>
>
>
> I prefer the gui-like interface to aptitude (started with "aptitude"),
> where I can review and alter the proposed package selection. In your case
> you would get a list of packages that aptitude will want to install (all
> that are recommended by the packages you select) and you can manually select
> which ones you want.
>
> (The keybindings are unintuitive for me, so I recommend opening the help by
> typing a "?", and having some patience in the beginning. The workflow is to
> find the packages you want, mark them for installation with "+", preview
> actions with "g", alter the actions by unmarking packages with "-", and then
> confirming with "g" again.)
>
> Hope it helps
>
> Johan
>
>
>
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>
>

Re: Squeeze, GPT, GRUB2 and Software RAID1

[Georgi Naplatanov]

On 03/27/2011 11:33 PM, Tom H wrote:

On Sun, Mar 27, 2011 at 10:35 AM, Georgi Naplatanov  wrote:


I have 2 disk Western Digital WD2002FAEX - 2TB and I want to install Squeeze
with software RAID 1 and GPT instead of old MSDOS partition map.

I want to use GRUB2 as boot loader, but I read that is needed to be created
a BIOS Boot Partition.[1]

I have 2 disk and I want when one of them fail to be possible to boot from
another.

My question is - Will installer, GRUB2 and Squeeze handle synchronization of
BIOS Boot Partition on both disks or I have to do it manually and eventually
how to do it manually ?


I've found that you have to format your disks before the install (and
create a bios_grub partition) and you then have to run "grub-install
/dev/sdb" once you're booted into your install.

You can probably install grub on both disks by refusing to install to
the MBR and then installing it to (hd0) and (hd1) but I've never tried
it.




Hello Tom.

Yesterday I installed Squeeze (AMD64) (in expert mode) on my computer 
and refused the installer to install GRUB2 on MBR and tell it to install 
on "(hd0) (hd1)". The installation works very well, Linux boots 
successfully from both drives.


In both cases - GPT and MSDOS, grub2 installs in MBR, but in different 
ways. I found this explanation :


"Note that if you've converted an MBR disk to GPT format, booting will 
fail even if you were previously using a GPT-aware version of GRUB. This 
is because the MBR and GPT boot-time code for GRUB is different; in 
fact, GRUB installs part of itself just after the MBR on MBR-based disks 
(when you install it to the MBR), but that space becomes used by GPT on 
GPT disks, so converting MBR to GPT will wipe out part of GRUB. 
Re-installing a GPT-aware GRUB, as just described, will correct this 
problem." [1].


May be Debian installer has to explain more detail how to install GRUB2 
with GPT or handle it automatically.


Thank you.

Regards
Georgi

[1] - http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/booting.html


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Re: how to give priority to local repository

[Sven Hoexter]

On Thu, Apr 07, 2011 at 11:05:32AM +0200, abdelkader belahcene wrote:
> Thanks for answer, I did it  but there is  an extra line
> ( the first 900 http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ squeeze/main
> Translation-fr )

Those are the translated package descriptions. That shoudn't have
any effect on the package selection process but you somehow hit them
with the empty origin definition.

Sven
-- 
And I don't know much, but I do know this:
With a golden heart comes a rebel fist.
 [ Streetlight Manifesto - Here's To Life ]


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Re: Re: how to give priority to local repository

[abdelkader belahcene]

Thanks for answer, I did it  but there is  an extra line
( the first 900 http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ squeeze/main
Translation-fr )
 how to remove it:

*here is my file*

cat /etc/apt/preferences
Package: *
Pin: origin ""
Pin-Priority: 900

Package: *
Pin: origin "localhost"
Pin-Priority: 600

Package: *
Pin: origin "ftp.fr.debian.org"
Pin-Priority: 500

Here is the output
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
 release a=now
 900 http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ squeeze/main Translation-fr
 500 http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ squeeze/non-free i386 Packages
 release v=6.0.1,o=Debian,a=stable,n=squeeze,l=Debian,c=non-free
 origin ftp.fr.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ squeeze/contrib i386 Packages
 release v=6.0.1,o=Debian,a=stable,n=squeeze,l=Debian,c=contrib
 origin ftp.fr.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ squeeze/main i386 Packages
 release v=6.0.1,o=Debian,a=stable,n=squeeze,l=Debian,c=main
 origin ftp.fr.debian.org
 600 ftp://localhost/extra6Bis/  Packages
 origin localhost
 900 file:/opt/extra6/  Packages

thanks a lot

Re: Installing LaTeX (or any other software) without documentation

[Johan Grönqvist]

2011-04-07 09:42, bars0 bars0 skrev:

I need to install LaTeX in my machine, but without documentation.
How can I achieve this via aptitude or apt-get?



I prefer the gui-like interface to aptitude (started with "aptitude"), 
where I can review and alter the proposed package selection. In your 
case you would get a list of packages that aptitude will want to install 
(all that are recommended by the packages you select) and you can 
manually select which ones you want.


(The keybindings are unintuitive for me, so I recommend opening the help 
by typing a "?", and having some patience in the beginning. The workflow 
is to find the packages you want, mark them for installation with "+", 
preview actions with "g", alter the actions by unmarking packages with 
"-", and then confirming with "g" again.)


Hope it helps

Johan


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Re: how to give priority to local repository

[Sven Hoexter]

On Thu, Apr 07, 2011 at 09:39:27AM +0200, abdelkader belahcene wrote:
> Hi,
> Sometimes I have the same version of sofware  in my local repository and the
> remote repos,
> of course I want to install the soft from the local,
> 
> plaease HOW TO tell this to apt-get .

You can achieve that with pinning. You've to increase the priority for your
repository over the 500 default. See 'apt-cache policy' and
'man 5 apt_preferences' for the details.

Sven
-- 
And I don't know much, but I do know this:
With a golden heart comes a rebel fist.
 [ Streetlight Manifesto - Here's To Life ]


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Re: Installing LaTeX (or any other software) without documentation

[Sven Hoexter]

On Thu, Apr 07, 2011 at 09:42:31AM +0200, bars0 bars0 wrote:

> I need to install LaTeX in my machine, but without documentation.
> Documentation packages are really big and I have limited download per day so
> I need only programs.
> How can I achieve this via aptitude or apt-get?

For apt-get '--no-install-recommends' can help you a bit. See man 8 apt-get.

Sven
-- 
And I don't know much, but I do know this:
With a golden heart comes a rebel fist.
 [ Streetlight Manifesto - Here's To Life ]


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how to give priority to local repository

[abdelkader belahcene]

Hi,
Sometimes I have the same version of sofware  in my local repository and the
remote repos,
of course I want to install the soft from the local,

plaease HOW TO tell this to apt-get .
thanks
regards
bela

EeePC and Debian

[Rob Hurle]

  I have an EeePC 4G (the 701) and I'm trying to put Debian Squeeze on
to it.  I've RTFM and read the wiki, and got to the stage of having a
USB stick that boots the netinst version.  The EeePC is connected to
the Internet by a proven cable (not wireless).  The USB stick boots to
the install screen (looks good) and I can use the touch pad to
navigate around that.  But, when I choose anything from that menu, the
system hangs.  CTL-ALT-DEL reboots, and it seems to be the only way to
get out of it, short of removing the battery.  The power button does
nothing.

  If I look at the USB stick on my Debian system, this is what I see:

rob@debianrob:/media> cd Debian\ 6.0.1a\ i386\ 1/
rob@debianrob:/media/Debian 6.0.1a i386 1> ll
total 721
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root 27 2011-03-21 02:03 autorun.inf
dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 css
lr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root  1 2011-03-21 02:03 debian -> .
dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 dists
dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 doc
dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 firmware
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root 110070 2011-03-15 13:51 g2ldr
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root   8192 2011-03-15 13:51 g2ldr.mbr
dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 install
dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 install.386
dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   4096 2011-03-21 02:03 isolinux
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root  40572 2011-03-21 02:04 md5sum.txt
dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 pics
dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 pool
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root   8761 2011-03-21 02:04 README.html
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root 142516 2011-03-20 06:54 README.mirrors.html
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root  76776 2011-03-20 06:54 README.mirrors.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root398 2011-03-21 02:03 README.source
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root   5373 2011-03-21 02:04 README.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root 319525 2011-03-15 13:51 setup.exe
dr-xr-xr-x 1 rob root   2048 2011-03-21 02:03 tools
-r--r--r-- 1 rob root237 2011-03-21 02:03 win32-loader.ini

There seems to be a lot windows stuff here, but there is a "vmlinuz"
file in the install.386 directory.  Do I need to boot into the old
EeePC linux system and then run this?  What am I missing?  (Yes, I did
read the READMEs).

Thank you,
Rob Hurle
-- 
-
Rob Hurle
ANU, College of Asia and the Pacific
School of Culture, History and Language
Histories of Asia and the Pacific
e-mail:              rob1...@gmail.com
Telephone (ANU): +61 2 6125 3169
Mobile (in VN):  +84 948 243 538
Mobile (in OZ):  +61 417 293 603
-


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Installing LaTeX (or any other software) without documentation

[bars0 bars0]

Hi all!


I need to install LaTeX in my machine, but without documentation.
Documentation packages are really big and I have limited download per day so
I need only programs.
How can I achieve this via aptitude or apt-get?

Thanks in advance.
Chris

Re: [help-a-newb] setting grub

[Joel Rees]

(Not sure what I can trim, yet.)

On Thu, Apr 7, 2011 at 12:32 AM, Tom H  wrote:
> On Wed, Apr 6, 2011 at 10:56 AM, Joel Rees  wrote:
>> On Sun, Mar 20, 2011 at 12:09 AM, Dom  wrote:
>>> On 19/03/11 13:29, Joel Rees wrote:

 I'm having the devil of a time trying to figure out how to set the
 default boot and how to chain in grub 2 in squeeze.

 I found something about using update grub and setting the default boot
 in a fle in /usr/share/grub, followed by doing an update-grub, but
 that doesn't change the default boot,
>>>
>>> You can change the default in file /etc/default/grub. Edit the
>>> GRUB_DEFAULT= line to the entry number you want (starting with 0 for the
>>> first entry in the grub menu.
>>>
>>> Then run update-grub.
>
>
>
>> I think I got stuck for a while on update-grub being in /usr/sbin. Or
>> was it grub-update ?
>
> It's "/usr/sbin/update-grub".

True.

>>> I don't use chain loading, so am not sure how to do that. I think grub2
>>> should automatically detect other OSen, is os-prober is installed, when
>>> update-grub is run. I'm sure someone else here can advise you.
>>
>> Well, apparently, it doesn't find the other OSses until you do the
>> /usr/sbin/grub-update . That's one problem. The other problem is that
>> I don't want Debian to be the default right now. Maybe later.
>
> Because update-grub runs "/etc/grub.d/30_os-prober" which runs os-prober.

Which detects my kernels and tries to list out direct jumps to them in the menu.

Which is not what I want at all. It makes the jump to the Fedora 13
kernel okay, but dies on the Fedora 15(alpha) kernel. I'm not sure
whether that's grub2's fault or F15(alpha)'s fault, but if it were
chaining I'd be a lot more sure, and I'd have a chance to muck with
the grub that Fedora installs.

>> Another problem is the fragile linkage. If Debian ends up with more
>> than two entries there, or if, for some reason I delete the rescue
>> mode entry, having the third entry as the default suddenly is not what
>> I want.
>>
>> With chainloading each system can maintain its own grub, and Debian's
>> kernel install scripts don't need to know for Fedora's kernels.
>>
>> That doesn't completely solve things. That is, if Debian ever thinks
>> it has to make a third entry, and the third entry was the default,
>> what was default is no longer.
>
> grub1's update-grub had the same fragile linkage - although I vaguely
> remember an option to update the default entry but I could be
> imagining things/thinking of something else.
>
> I can think of two options (short of switching to LILO as has been
> suggested in the past here).
>
> 1. Set "GRUB_DEFAULT=saved" in "/etc/default/grub" and run
> "grub-set-default "; update-grub". You will then always boot by
> default with the last kernel with which you booted.
>
> It isn't really what you're looking for but it could be good enough.

Well, I have another example of why this would be problematic. There
is a BFO boot option I'm playing with, and with the BFO pseudo-kernel
in there, Debian's grub2 puts it before the real kernels. Which would
have me defaulting to trying to install a new OS evertime I boot up,
until I go change it by hand. And, then, when I get tired of the state
of the BFO gadgetry at this point, I delete it from the Fedora /boot
directory and Debian's grub2 defaults me to an old kernel.

Of course, I can mess with the BIOS drive order or the marked boot
partition, but I have reasons for not wanting to do that which aren't
relevant here.

> 2. Set "GRUB_DEFAULT=0" in "/etc/default/grub", create
> "/etc/grub.d/09_first-kernel", and run update-grub, where:
>
> $ cat /boot/grub.d/09_first-kernel
> #!/bin/sh
> cat << EOF
> menuentry "first kernel" {
> set and insmod prelims
> set root=...
> search ...
> linux ...
> initrd ...
> }
> EOF
>
> But you'll have to maintain this file manually.

Manual is no problem here, because it would chain, and Fedora talks
care of its own grub.

That's the whole point of chaining. Debian doesn't have to know how to
sift through Fedora or openBSD or openSolaris partitions or whatever.
Just chain to whatever boot loader is stored in the base partition
specified.

Anyway, I have been playing with that. I found an example or two for
chaining to MSWindows which looked possible, but don't seem to work.

I found a tutorial at


and something of a manual at



I had to edit /boot/grub/device.map and add the entry from
/dev/disk/by-id for the third drive since I added the drive after
installing Debian, although that may have been a mistake.

I've made several stabs at this, but the present one ("09_fedora",
with the execution bit properly set) looks like this:


#! /bin/sh -e
echo "adding chain to hd(1,1) and hd(2,1)"

cat << ENDOFOTHERS
menuentry "Fedora on /dev/sda1" {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
i