Re: question about a .deb file

[Tim Woodall]

On Wed, 8 Dec 2021, john doe wrote:


On 12/8/2021 10:16 AM, Piper H wrote:

Thanks, I'll check them out. :)



My suggestion would be to do the following commands:
$ apt-get --autoremove purge mysql-connector-java


Does that work or is it a typo? I've always used:

apt-get autoremove --purge



Tim.

Re: Reasonably simple setup for 1TB HDD and 250GB M.2 NVMe SSD

[David Christensen]

On 12/8/21 6:27 AM, Jorge P. de Morais Neto wrote:

Hi everyone!  I have a Dell Inspiron 5570 laptop with 1TB HDD and 16 GiB
RAM (it supports 32 GiB).  I am about to buy an M.2 NVMe 250GB SSD---a
Western Digital WD Blue SN550.  I would like to set the system for
reliability, SSD durability¹ and performance.

I have looked at [Multi HDD/SSD Partitioning Scheme][] but it is too
complex and probably outdated (last modified 2013-10-17).  I would like
something simpler.  For backups, I would continue my weekly manual
backups to my 1.5 TB external HDD with duplicity.

On the SSD I intend to leave 35 GB unpartitioned for extra over
provisioning.  It would have just one 215 GB partition.

On the HDD I would put a 34 GB swap partition at the beginning, then a
215 GB partition for RAID1 with the SSD, then a 751 GB partition.  I
intend to put Debian system *and* /home on the 215 GB RAID1, but I would
set all the XDG user dirs² on the 751 GB HDD partition.  I would have
tmpfs on /tmp---I have read that long thread where someone alleged that
moving /tmp to tmpfs makes it useless but I disagree.

Would all this be reasonable?  Do you recommend any change?  Any tip?  I
run Debian stable with only official repositories, including
bullseye-backports.  I also manually installed GNU Guix package manager
and my main Guix profile has 163 packages.

Regards!

[Multi HDD/SSD Partitioning Scheme] 
https://wiki.debian.org/Multi%20HDD/SSD%20Partition%20Scheme

¹ According to its data sheet, the 250GB WD Blue SN550 endures 150TBW.
² See the xdg-user-dir manpage.



I would remove the 1 TB HDD, install the 250 GB NVMe SSD, and do a fresh 
install of Debian 11 with MBR partitioning, 1E+9 byte boot partition 
(ext4), 1E+9 byte swap partition (random key encrypted), and 13E+9 to 
27E+9 byte root partition (passphrase encrypted ext4).  (E.g. partition 
table and first three partitions fit onto a "16 GB" to "30 GB" device.) 
 Once the system is built, I would add a fourth partition (key file 
encrypted ext4) using all remaining space for development, audio/ video 
working and "scratch" files, VM's, etc..



Over-provisioning was a big deal when SSD's first came out.  I would not 
worry about it on that laptop with that SSD.  If you do have an app with 
an intensive and sustained write workload, build a specific computer.



I would put the 1 TB HDD into an external HDD enclosure and use it to 
store system images (e.g. partition table, boot, swap, and root).  I 
take images of all of my system drives every month, and retain images 
for a few months.  You will need a USB flash drive with a Debian 
installation, or some live distribution (e.g. Debian Live, Clonezilla, 
etc.), to take and restore images.



I backup daily.


I recommend a file server or NAS for bulk data -- downloads, music, 
photographs, videos, etc..  Set up a VPN for remote access.



(Windows has Offline Files.  Does Debian GNU/Linux?)


I recommend a version control server for user project files and system 
configuration files.



(My SOHO server runs both of the above services in VM's.  Storage is RAID.)


David

When i install blender from terminal in Debian bullseye i cant see cuda or optix in blender settings.

[Deniz Bazan]

Operating system:Debian 11 bullseye
Graphics card:Nvidia rtx 3060ti
Driver: Nvidia 470.86

*Blender Version*
Broken: (when it is installed from terminal 2.83.5)
Worked: (when it is downloaded as zip worked all blender versions)

*Short description of error*
When i install blender from terminal in Debian bullseye i cant see cuda or
optix in blender settings(No compatible GPUs found for path tracing ) but
when i download it as zip and extract it i see cuda and optix.

-- 
Kind regards
*Deniz Bazan*

Game & Web Developer
3D  Artist
Tel:+49 163 133 68 00
http://denizbazan.jimdo.com

Re: Reasonably simple setup for 1TB HDD and 250GB M.2 NVMe SSD

[Andy Smith]

Hello,

On Thu, Dec 09, 2021 at 05:14:09AM +0500, Alexander V. Makartsev wrote:
> Bottom line, there is a high probability that your SSD will work fine for
> many years and if/when it will die for whatever reason, just replace it and
> recover data (or a whole system) from backups.

OP: I agree with this, For typical desktop home use it is not worth
worrying about write endurance these days. Not unless your workload
is unusual or you went out of your way to pick an NVMe device with
very low write endurance, which you have not: 250GB WD Blue SN550 rated
for 150TBW.

If you are still worried you could partition just half of it and use
it as a physical volume for LVM, which you might want to do anyway
to encrypt it (LUKS), Then over time you can see how much you have
written, how much life is left etc. and decide then whether to leave
it over-provisioned or extend the LVM further. It leaves your
options open.

Cheers,
Andy

-- 
https://bitfolk.com/ -- No-nonsense VPS hosting

Re: question about different software versions on Debian 10 and 11

[Piper H]

That's all right. thank you.

On Thu, Dec 9, 2021 at 1:25 AM Stanislav Vlasov 
wrote:

> 2021-12-08 15:51 GMT+05:00, Piper H :
> > On Debian 10, can I force install the software which is released on
> Debian
> > 11?
> > For example, a given software has default installation version 1.0 for
> > debian 10, but has version 2.0 for debian 11.
> > I want to use the version 2.0 on debian 10, how will I do it?
>
> 1) you may try backports, may be your software already backported and
> available on debian 10. If software backported - quick and easy way.
>
> 2) you may backport software by self (get sources, sometimes fix
> debian/* in sources dir, build package) -- my preffered way to take
> new software before debian testing not frozen.
>
> 3) you may set repos from debian 11 and install software AND
> dependencies - your debian will be partially upgraded and some another
> soft may be broken. Don't recommend this way, system may be broken and
> need reinstall in worst case.
>
> 4) you may upgrade to debian 11. If you does not see your software in
> backports and can't build package - use this way.
>
> --
> Stanislav
>
>

Re: Re: oddjob-mkhomedir question

[charlie derr]

Thx so much, Stanislav!

pam_mkhomedir works like a charm (and it didn't even take me too long to figure
out how to set it up)

   best,
  ~c


--
charlie derr
systems thinker and nature lover
https://medium.com/@cderr


signature.asc
Description: This is a digitally signed message part.

Re: Forwarding over wireguard

[Dan Ritter]

Charles Curley wrote: 
> I have a wireguard setup that lets me ping from either endpoint to the
> other. Using the client, I would like to address hosts on the home
> (server's) network by their local IP addresses.
> 

The client's routing table looks fine after you start wg0. What
does the home server's routing table look like? 

Is it forwarding IPv4 packets for anything else, or is this the
first time it's been a router?

Does it have any firewall policies or rules?

-dsr-

Re: Reasonably simple setup for 1TB HDD and 250GB M.2 NVMe SSD

[Alexander V. Makartsev]

On 08.12.2021 19:27, Jorge P. de Morais Neto wrote:

Hi everyone!  I have a Dell Inspiron 5570 laptop with 1TB HDD and 16 GiB
RAM (it supports 32 GiB).  I am about to buy an M.2 NVMe 250GB SSD---a
Western Digital WD Blue SN550.  I would like to set the system for
reliability, SSD durability¹ and performance.

I have looked at [Multi HDD/SSD Partitioning Scheme][] but it is too
complex and probably outdated (last modified 2013-10-17).  I would like
something simpler.  For backups, I would continue my weekly manual
backups to my 1.5 TB external HDD with duplicity.

On the SSD I intend to leave 35 GB unpartitioned for extra over
provisioning.  It would have just one 215 GB partition.

On the HDD I would put a 34 GB swap partition at the beginning, then a
215 GB partition for RAID1 with the SSD, then a 751 GB partition.  I
intend to put Debian system *and* /home on the 215 GB RAID1, but I would
set all the XDG user dirs² on the 751 GB HDD partition.  I would have
tmpfs on /tmp---I have read that long thread where someone alleged that
moving /tmp to tmpfs makes it useless but I disagree.

Would all this be reasonable?  Do you recommend any change?  Any tip?  I
run Debian stable with only official repositories, including
bullseye-backports.  I also manually installed GNU Guix package manager
and my main Guix profile has 163 packages.
I'd advise against doing extra over-provisioning and making /swap on 
slow HDD.

IMO it is a thing of the past, especially on a home\personal computer.
Modern NAND technology and provisioning algorithms made SSDs quite 
resilient.
It is more likely that a controller IC will fail than a NAND ICs will 
wear off themselves during mild daily usage.


I have a few dozen of SSD devices to back up my personal experience and 
have access to information about two of them right now:
First model is "SKC400S37256G" made by Kingston. It is a 256GB SSD based 
on 2D MLC-2bit NAND and rated 300TBW.
It is working inside a home PC as a system drive with swap and /home on 
it. Manual TRIM once in 1-3 months. PC always shuts down (no hibernation).
According to SMART, it is working for 28132 hours¹ (3,2y) and has 98% 
life left².
Second model is "SHFS37A120G" made by Kingston. It is a 120GB SSD based 
on 2D MLC-2bit NAND and rated 354TBW.
It is working 24/7 inside a SOHO server as a system drive with swap on 
it. /home is on another disk.
According to SMART, it is working for 48810 hours (5,5y) and has 94% 
life left.


So, if you plan to use NVMe SSD as a system drive, I suggest you also 
keep /swap partition and /home on it for a maximum system and apps 
performance, and monitor it with smartmontools.
If you still want to save on its life you can always make symlinks for 
write-intensive, but not important, directories, like Downloads, to the HDD.
Also, I suggest you to make backups of /home on daily schedule to HDD, 
because data recovery from a failed SSD is not only very expensive, but 
often also next to impossible.
Bottom line, there is a high probability that your SSD will work fine 
for many years and if/when it will die for whatever reason, just replace 
it and recover data (or a whole system) from backups.



¹ Attribute #9 - Power_ On_Hours.
² Attribute #231 - SSD_Life_Left.

--
With kindest regards, Alexander.

⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org
⠈⠳⣄

Re: Thunderbird en firefox-esr

[Cecil Westerhof]

Paul van der Vlis  writes:

> Verder vraag ik me af waarom er bij firefox-esr "architecture: any"
> staat, terwijl het op sommige platformen zoals mipsel niet kan worden 
> gecompileerd. Mipsel kan een proces 2GB geheugen toewijzen en er is meer
> nodig voor het compileren.

Ik weet niet of het in praktijk zo is, maar in theorie zou een cross
compiler kunnen worden gebruikt.

-- 
Cecil Westerhof
Senior Software Engineer
LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/cecilwesterhof

Re: No me actualiza nada...

[Fran Blanco]

Hola

El propio comando da la solución:

This must be accepted explicitly before updates for this repository can be 
applied. See apt-secure(8) manpage for details.

Para dar la información directamente:

sudo apt-get update --allow-releaseinfo-change

Un saludo
El 8 dic 2021 23:51 +0100, Aristobulo_Pinzón , 
escribió:
> Buenas para todos.
>
> me sale este aviso cuando intento actualizar:
>
> Leyendo lista de paquetes... Hecho
> E: Repository 'http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates 
> InRelease' changed its 'Suite' value from 'stable' to 'oldstable'
> N: This must be accepted explicitly before updates for this repository can be 
> applied. See apt-secure(8) manpage for details.
> E: Repository 'http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease' 
> changed its 'Suite' value from 'stable-updates' to 'oldstable-updates'
> N: This must be accepted explicitly before updates for this repository can be 
> applied. See apt-secure(8) manpage for details.
> N: Repository 'http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian buster InRelease' changed its 
> 'Version' value from '10.7' to '10.11'
> E: Repository 'http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian buster InRelease' changed its 
> 'Suite' value from 'stable' to 'oldstable'
> N: This must be accepted explicitly before updates for this repository can be 
> applied. See apt-secure(8) manpage for details.
> Y no me actualiza nada.
> Hola, la versión de este Debian es:...
> 10.7
> Alguna ayudita por favor...
> Gracias...
>

Re: Reasonably simple setup for 1TB HDD and 250GB M.2 NVMe SSD

[piorunz]

On 08/12/2021 19:35, Jorge P. de Morais Neto wrote:

Hi.  Thank you for your response.

Em [2021-12-08 qua 14:49:50+], piorunz escreveu:


I understand you have one SATA 2.5" slot in your laptop and one NVMe
slot, and you want to utilize them both.


That is correct.


On the SSD I intend to leave 35 GB unpartitioned for extra over
provisioning.  It would have just one 215 GB partition.


Leave more overprovisioning if you can. Use Btrfs with zstd compression
for your / and /home, you will gain many gigabytes.


How much overprovisioning would you recommend?  I can probably afford
more indeed (because of the 1 TB HDD), but excessive overprovisioning
could increase the risk of the system failing due to lack of disk space
during some important task.  Also, I heard that Linux filesystems like
having some reasonable (some say 10%) internal (within the filesystem)
free space.


As much as you can spare. Of course give any filesystem on NVMe a space
to breathe. It's up to you.




This doesn't make any sense.  Don't run RAID1 SSD+HDD.  You will kill
all gains SSD NVMe provides.


I lack RAID experience, but I assumed the kernel would easily be smart
enough to read from the fastest RAID member (SSD), so read performance
would be great.  And I hoped the kernel would also be smart enough to,
on writes, write to the SSD first and later (asynchronously) replicate
to the HDD.  But now a quick web search indeed suggests that those
optimizations are not default or common, so we can drop the RAID idea.


This is due to mdadm, not Linux kernel. You were going to use mdadm,
correct?
async writes may be possible in a way you described, but don't bet it
will be working like that out of the box. Out of the box, with mdadm,
you will have performance of HDD, no gains whatsoever.


- noatime: I didn't know about this issue, I thought relatime was
   efficient enough.  Thank you for the tip!


You are welcome!


- nodiratime: According to the mount manpage, noatime implies
   nodiratime.


It' been long time since I review this. I will check again and fix my
own mount options if this is not necessary :) Thanks.


- ssd: Does btrfs not autodetect SSD?  Why provide ssd option?


I am not sure if Btrfs autodetects SSD. SSD mode is enabling some
optimizations. If you decide to read on it, please share if you find
anything.


- Why `compress-force' instead of simply `compress'?


I've read very extensive discussion about that and came to conclusion
that compress-force is better. It's checking every chunk of file for
compressibility. "compress", on the other hand, checks only first
sectors, then drops compression if no compressible data is detected.
Imagine your qcow file, first 1 GB is not compressible, so "compress"
option will drop compression of that file right away. But remaining 20GB
are zeros because you haven't filled that yet. With compress-force, you
compress these zeros to nothing. File takes 1GB of space. You don't have
that on ext4, or btrfs "compress" only option.


For more context, my DE is Gnome and some of my most often used
applications are:

- GNU Emacs
- notmuch and offlineimap (I am considering switching to mbsync)
- GNU IceCat and Mozilla Firefox
- Gajim and GNU Jami
- Nextcloud (it is always running but rarely syncing changes)
- Gnome Boxes or Virtual Machine Manager running a VM with 2 GiB RAM and
   one .qcow2 disk image currently weighting 24 GB.

Kind regards!


In your use case, I would use partitioning suggested earlier. Place
Virtual Machine Manager images folder on HDD. Your / and /home will be
very small and totally manageable, while select folders like VMM images,
will live on HDD. Then all backups are up to you, but you not losing any
speed of your brand new NVMe.

--
With kindest regards, Piotr.

⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org/
⠈⠳⣄

No me actualiza nada...

[Aristobulo_Pinzón]

Buenas para todos.

me sale este aviso cuando intento actualizar:

Leyendo lista de paquetes... Hecho 
E: Repository 'http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates 
InRelease' changed its 'Suite' value from 'stable' to 'oldstable'
N: This must be accepted explicitly before updates for this repository can be 
applied. See apt-secure(8) manpage for details.
E: Repository 'http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease' 
changed its 'Suite' value from 'stable-updates' to 'oldstable-updates'
N: This must be accepted explicitly before updates for this repository can be 
applied. See apt-secure(8) manpage for details.
N: Repository 'http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian buster InRelease' changed its 
'Version' value from '10.7' to '10.11'
E: Repository 'http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian buster InRelease' changed its 
'Suite' value from 'stable' to 'oldstable'
N: This must be accepted explicitly before updates for this repository can be 
applied. See apt-secure(8) manpage for details.
Y no me actualiza nada.
Hola, la versión de este Debian es:...
10.7
 Alguna ayudita por favor...
Gracias...

Forwarding over wireguard

[Charles Curley]

I have a wireguard setup that lets me ping from either endpoint to the
other. Using the client, I would like to address hosts on the home
(server's) network by their local IP addresses.

On the client, I can ping the other end of the tunnel, but not any
local addresses. On the client:

root@iorich:~# route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric RefUse Iface
default 172.20.10.1 0.0.0.0 UG60000 wls3
link-local  0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000   00 wls3
172.20.10.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.240 U 60000 wls3
root@iorich:~# wg-quick up wg0
[#] ip link add wg0 type wireguard
[#] wg setconf wg0 /dev/fd/63
[#] ip -4 address add 10.0.2.3/24 dev wg0
[#] ip -6 address add fc00:23:5::3/64 dev wg0
[#] ip link set mtu 1420 up dev wg0
[#] resolvconf -a tun.wg0 -m 0 -x
[#] route add -net 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev wg0
root@iorich:~# route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric RefUse Iface
default 172.20.10.1 0.0.0.0 UG60000 wls3
10.0.2.00.0.0.0 255.255.255.0   U 0  00 wg0
link-local  0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000   00 wls3
172.20.10.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.240 U 60000 wls3
192.168.100.0   0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0   U 0  00 wg0
root@iorich:~# ping 10.0.2.1
PING 10.0.2.1 (10.0.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=182 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=163 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=170 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=187 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=170 ms

--- 10.0.2.1 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 162.936/174.474/186.802/8.809 ms
root@iorich:~# ping 192.168.100.30
PING 192.168.100.30 (192.168.100.30) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 10.0.2.3 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
ping: sendmsg: Required key not available
From 10.0.2.3 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable
ping: sendmsg: Required key not available
From 10.0.2.3 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable
ping: sendmsg: Required key not available
From 10.0.2.3 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable
ping: sendmsg: Required key not available
From 10.0.2.3 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable
ping: sendmsg: Required key not available

--- 192.168.100.30 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +5 errors, 100% packet loss, time 4087ms

root@iorich:~# 

Searching on "ping: sendmsg: Required key not available" turned up no
examples or solutions. On the hypothesis that the key referred to was a
wireguard key, I checked those. Those appear to be OK.

-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Re: Thunderbird en firefox-esr

[Paul van der Vlis]

Op 28-11-2021 om 12:50 schreef Paul van der Vlis:

Hoi,

Het lijkt er op dat er toch eindelijk nieuwe versies aankomen van 
Thunderbird en Firefox-esr. Op beide waren er problemen met compileren 
op i386, maar die lijken nu opgelost:

https://buildd.debian.org/status/package.php?p=thunderbird
https://buildd.debian.org/status/package.php?p=firefox-esr

Ik verwacht Thunderbird in een paar dagen, en Firefox-ESR met wat geluk 
volgend weekend.


Dat blijkt niet uit te komen.

Wat ik begrijp is het probleem dat er een build-depenency is op rustc 
1.51 of hoger, zowel bij Thunderbird als bij Firefox-esr

En dat is er niet voor Bullseye.

Ik vraag me af hoe dat probleem wordt opgelost.

https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1001234#27
https://tracker.debian.org/media/packages/f/firefox-esr/control-91.4.0esr-1
https://tracker.debian.org/media/packages/t/thunderbird/control-191.4.0-1

Verder vraag ik me af waarom er bij firefox-esr "architecture: any" 
staat, terwijl het op sommige platformen zoals mipsel niet kan worden 
gecompileerd. Mipsel kan een proces 2GB geheugen toewijzen en er is meer 
nodig voor het compileren.


Groet,
Paul


--
Paul van der Vlis Linux systeembeheer Groningen
https://www.vandervlis.nl/

Re: Debian 11.1.0 LXDE does not mount smart phone properly

[riveravaldez]

On 12/5/21, Beta Tester  wrote:
> Dear Maintainer,
>
> i don't have an idea which packages are involved to this bug:
>
> i have a strange behavior with Debian Live 11.1.0 amd64 LXDE iso, when i try
> to mount my Android 11 smart phone plugged in via USB.
>
> (...)
>
> when i use the Debian Live 11.1.0. amd64 Cannamon iso, i can always mount my
> android smart phon successfully - there it doesn't matter what sequence is
> use, it always succeeds.
> (...)

Hi, could you check if the file manager is the same in both editions
(LXDE/Cinnamon)?

I'm under the suspicion that for LXDE you have PCManFM but for Cinnamon maybe
you have another, and I'm also under the suspicion that PCManFM has some kind of
issue that makes necessary to restart it in order to avoid that
problem with smartphone
mounting.

Sorry if this is not related. Best of lucks!

Re: Webbserver

[Ttl]

Tack 

Skickat från min iPhone

> 8 dec. 2021 kl. 02:07 skrev Anders Jackson :
> 
> Hej.
> 
> Den tis 7 dec. 2021 kl 22:33 skrev Ttl <7ttl72...@gmail.com>:
>> 
>> Kan jag ha webbserver på min  debian dator Guds frid ttl
> 
> Ja, det kan du.  Du kan läsa mer om det i boken "The Debian
> Administrator's Handbook": https://debian-handbook.info/
> 
> Du kan läsa den på webbsidan, eller du kan köpa den om du vill hjälpa
> de som skrivit boken. Du kan tom installera den som ett paket i
> Debian, dvs
> 
> Utför följande två rader i kommando fönster så skall du kunna läsa den
> lokalt på din dator.
> 
> sudo apt install debian-handbook
> sensible-browser file:/usr/share/doc/debian-handbook/html
> 
> Lycka till.
> /Jackson

Re: Les quotas (utilisateurs) avec bulseye

[didier gaumet]

Principe de Peter: en te répondant j'atteins mon quota d'incompétnce
;-)

Blague à part, je n'y connais vraiment rien mais une piste au hasard:
si aquota.user a disparu mais que tu as à la place un quota.user cela
signifierait que tu utilises une ancienne version de quota au lieu
d'une plus récente (format: vfsold, voire vfsv0 au lieu de vfsv1?)

(cf quota manpage)

Re: Reasonably simple setup for 1TB HDD and 250GB M.2 NVMe SSD

[Jorge P . de Morais Neto]

Hi.  Thank you for your response.

Em [2021-12-08 qua 14:49:50+], piorunz escreveu:

> I understand you have one SATA 2.5" slot in your laptop and one NVMe
> slot, and you want to utilize them both.

That is correct.

>> On the SSD I intend to leave 35 GB unpartitioned for extra over
>> provisioning.  It would have just one 215 GB partition.
>
> Leave more overprovisioning if you can. Use Btrfs with zstd compression
> for your / and /home, you will gain many gigabytes.

How much overprovisioning would you recommend?  I can probably afford
more indeed (because of the 1 TB HDD), but excessive overprovisioning
could increase the risk of the system failing due to lack of disk space
during some important task.  Also, I heard that Linux filesystems like
having some reasonable (some say 10%) internal (within the filesystem)
free space.

> This doesn't make any sense.  Don't run RAID1 SSD+HDD.  You will kill
> all gains SSD NVMe provides.

I lack RAID experience, but I assumed the kernel would easily be smart
enough to read from the fastest RAID member (SSD), so read performance
would be great.  And I hoped the kernel would also be smart enough to,
on writes, write to the SSD first and later (asynchronously) replicate
to the HDD.  But now a quick web search indeed suggests that those
optimizations are not default or common, so we can drop the RAID idea.

> / on NVMe Btrfs
> noatime,nodiratime,space_cache=v2,ssd,compress-force=zstd:6,subvol=@
>
> /home on NVMe Btrfs
> noatime,nodiratime,space_cache=v2,ssd,compress-force=zstd:6,subvol=@home

About those options:

- noatime: I didn't know about this issue, I thought relatime was
  efficient enough.  Thank you for the tip!
- nodiratime: According to the mount manpage, noatime implies
  nodiratime.
- ssd: Does btrfs not autodetect SSD?  Why provide ssd option?
- Why `compress-force' instead of simply `compress'?


For more context, my DE is Gnome and some of my most often used
applications are:

- GNU Emacs
- notmuch and offlineimap (I am considering switching to mbsync)
- GNU IceCat and Mozilla Firefox
- Gajim and GNU Jami
- Nextcloud (it is always running but rarely syncing changes)
- Gnome Boxes or Virtual Machine Manager running a VM with 2 GiB RAM and
  one .qcow2 disk image currently weighting 24 GB.

Kind regards!

-- 
- Many people hate injustice but few check the facts; this causes more
  injustice.  Ask me about 
- I am Brazilian.  I hope my English is correct and I welcome feedback.
- Free Software Supporter: https://www.fsf.org/free-software-supporter
- If an email of mine arrives at your spam box, please notify me.

DHCP server for other site

[Bonno Bloksma]

Hi,

I want to move my DHCP servers to my datacenter as I am going to shut down the 
hypervisor hosts on some locations.
If I just move the VM running the isc-dhcp-server software to the DC and change 
the ip of the VM then I get a warning when I try to start the dhcp software
Dec  8 16:12:12 lingro dhcpd[546]: No subnet declaration for ens192 (10.0.1.21).
Dec  8 16:12:12 lingro dhcpd[546]: ** Ignoring requests on ens192.  If this is 
not what
Dec  8 16:12:12 lingro dhcpd[546]:you want, please write a subnet 
declaration
[]

And as that is the only interface for the VM the dhcp software wil fail to 
start.
So my solution was to add a few lines to the config

shared-network datacenter.tio.nl {
  subnet 10.0.1.0 netmask 255.255.254.0 {
  }
}

Is this the recommended way or is there a better way? I want to keep one dhcp 
server per location and not have one dhcp server for all locations. That helps 
a lot with keeping the configs manageable. ;-)


Bonno Bloksma

Re: oddjob-mkhomedir question

[Stanislav Vlasov]

2021-12-08 17:07 GMT+05:00, charlie derr :

> On this relatively new platform, i was able to quite trivially get pam-ldap
> functionality (for SSH logins) working. However, after installing the oddjob
> package(s), a user who does not yet have a home directory on the server is
> still not getting one autocreated upon SSHing in.

Years ago in 2009 with users in LDAP (with pam_ldap) i use
pam_mkhomedir on debian and some russian rpm-based distro.
pam_mkhomedir will be work now as in 2009.

I think, most RH-only services must be used only if most of your
servers are RH-based and you vendor-locked on RH.
If datacenter not RH-based, then i prefer more universal solutions,
which work on RH too.

> I've looked in log files, bumped sshd_config loglevel up to DEBUG, and
> restarted dbus, ssh and the oddjobd services.

> Should any of you have any advice about where to look in order to
> troubleshoot (there seems to be no evidence that any attempt was even made
> to create a homedir upon the user logging in), i'd love to have you share
> it.

I think, you shoud look to /etc/pam.d
Not all configs work as expected, when need some strange (e.g. not
localhost desktop or alone server)

-- 
Stanislav

Re: question about different software versions on Debian 10 and 11

[Stanislav Vlasov]

2021-12-08 15:51 GMT+05:00, Piper H :
> On Debian 10, can I force install the software which is released on Debian
> 11?
> For example, a given software has default installation version 1.0 for
> debian 10, but has version 2.0 for debian 11.
> I want to use the version 2.0 on debian 10, how will I do it?

1) you may try backports, may be your software already backported and
available on debian 10. If software backported - quick and easy way.

2) you may backport software by self (get sources, sometimes fix
debian/* in sources dir, build package) -- my preffered way to take
new software before debian testing not frozen.

3) you may set repos from debian 11 and install software AND
dependencies - your debian will be partially upgraded and some another
soft may be broken. Don't recommend this way, system may be broken and
need reinstall in worst case.

4) you may upgrade to debian 11. If you does not see your software in
backports and can't build package - use this way.

-- 
Stanislav

Les quotas (utilisateurs) avec bulseye

[Raphaël RIGNIER]

Bonjour la communauté,

J'ai installé un nouveau serveur Debian 11 afin d'y stocker les "home 
directory" des Utilisateurs d'un domaine Windows.
Chose que j'ai l'habitude d'implémenter à l'aide de Samba,  cette fois 
ci j'ai utilisé la manière officielle : Samba mode ADS + winbind.


Je monte une partition LVM, format ext4 avec l'option usrquota, puis 
configuration du nsswitch, kerberos, samaba+winbind, ...

Tout fonctionne parfaitement.

J'ai toutefois remarqué un truc étrange au niveau des quotas, j'avais 
l'habitude d'avoir un fichier à la racine de la partition nommé 
aquota.user, qui n'est plus.

La plupart des commandes quotatool que j'utilise fonctionnent :
repquota, edquota, setquota

Par contre  celle-ci ne fonctionne plus :
# quotacheck /partages/priv/
quotacheck: Cannot find filesystem to check or filesystem not mounted 
with quota option.


Hors c'est celle qui permet de remettre en état les quotas utilisateurs 
en cas de problème.


Je suppose que quelque chose a changé au niveau du noyau, un nouveau 
système de quota intégré à l'ext4 ?
Existe - il un équivalent au quotacheck pour remettre à jour les quotas 
utilisateurs ?

Je n'ai pas trouvé d'infos la dessus.

Version Linux : 5.10.0-9-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.70-1 (2021-09-30) 
x86_64 GNU/Linux

Version quota : 4.06

Quelqu'un en saurait plus ?

Merci !

Re: Customizing Grub menus

[songbird]

Richard Owlett wrote:
...
> I see no reference for Grub being able to read a partition's label only 
> its UUID.

  i don't use UUIDs (LABELS only) so i do this in /etc/default/grub:

=
# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true
=

  HTH


  songbird

Re: why autoremove doesn't work

[Andrei POPESCU]

On Sb, 13 nov 21, 01:59:04, Long Wind wrote:
> i install synaptic, with many depended packagesthen i remove synaptic 
> and autoremovebut many depended packages are not removed

It could be due to 'AutoRemove::SuggestsImportant' which defaults to 
'true' since 0.8.15.3 (2011).

Kind regards,
Andrei
-- 
http://wiki.debian.org/FAQsFromDebianUser


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Re: Customizing Grub menus

[Richard Owlett]

*note* No need for CC:  I'm subscribed

On 12/08/2021 08:29 AM, Dan Ritter wrote:

Richard Owlett wrote:

I have a machine set aside for experimenting with different configurations
of Debian. The default Grub2 menu will display OS(with version) and
partition designation in /dev/sdXY format.

I give all partitions descriptive labels.
I want the Grub menu to display OS and the partition label.
I want it to update appropriately after using update-grub.

Is there an appropriate tool?


You want to read
https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/grub.html#Shell_002dlike-scripting

and make changes to files in /etc/grub.d/ which will then be
applied via update-grub

-dsr-




I see no reference for Grub being able to read a partition's label only 
its UUID.

Re: Pulseaudio regularly crashing; how to evaluate?

[Cindy Sue Causey]

On 12/8/21, Dr. Jennifer Nussbaum  wrote:
>  I wonder if there might be any other thoughts on this (aside from that of
> replacing Pulseaudio with its successor, which I'm not comfortable with)?
>
> The flakiness is particularly worrying--that only certain applications will
> crash with it.


Hi, Jennifer, I just went through a weird crash myself a few days ago.
I didn't do a good job of documenting, either. As fast as I'd click an
icon to open xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin for volume control, the GUI
window would snap back closed.

As best as I can tell, mine began IMMEDIATELY after optional package,
alsamixergui, was upgraded. I deleted that package and haven't had
another instance since.

Prior to deleting alsamixergui, I also tried purging ANYTHING related
to pulseaudio (and eventually anything "pavu") then reinstalling. That
still failed every time.

Sorry I don't have more other than to say maybe figure out the package
name involved in your instance and try opening it in a terminal. Mine
did spew out a few things while it was also snapping back shut going
that route, too.

Afterthought: Just remembered to check my websurfing history. This was
one error message I was receiving:

Failed to load module "module-native-protocol-unix" (argument: ""):
initialization failed. E: [pulseaudio] main.c: D-Bus name
org.pulseaudio.Server already taken.

This was one of the sites I visited that seemed worth saving just
because pipewire is beginning to received online mentions lately:

https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/pipewire/pipewire/-/issues/793

In the end, my thought process went to the "what upgraded just before
this occurred" place. That's when deleting alsamixergui became the
thing to do.

That alsamixergui package had just been upgraded maybe an hour before
my instance's erratic behavior began (too). May be a coincidence that
pulseaudio's GUI started working again after alsamixergui's deletion.
Then again, might be that alsamixergui's upgrade changed something
important.. or triggered a conflict. Who knows. :)

As a related aside that includes an "ENTER AT YOUR OWN RISK"
disclaimer: I ended up test driving "pasystray" while purging and
reinstalling things "pavu". It's a little bit hefty looking and might
be of interest to curious sorts wanting to delve a little deeper into
their systems. Be aware that it might be possible to kill your
system's sound capabilities if your system offers a lot of choices
instead of just one and you're not sure about what you're doing.

Cindy :)
-- 
Cindy-Sue Causey
Talking Rock, Pickens County, Georgia, USA
* runs with birdseed *

Re: Reasonably simple setup for 1TB HDD and 250GB M.2 NVMe SSD

[piorunz]

On 08/12/2021 14:27, Jorge P. de Morais Neto wrote:

I understand you have one SATA 2.5" slot in your laptop and one NVMe
slot, and you want to utilize them both. My post below work on this
assumption.


For backups, I would continue my weekly manual
backups to my 1.5 TB external HDD with duplicity.



On the SSD I intend to leave 35 GB unpartitioned for extra over
provisioning.  It would have just one 215 GB partition.


Leave more overprovisioning if you can. Use Btrfs with zstd compression
for your / and /home, you will gain many gigabytes.


On the HDD I would put a 34 GB swap partition at the beginning, then a
215 GB partition for RAID1 with the SSD, then a 751 GB partition.


This doesn't make any sense. Don't run RAID1 SSD+HDD. You will kill all
gains SSD NVMe provides. 1TB 2.5" are totally slow and it will kill your
productivity. You may as well not be buying any NVMe if you are to use
it with RAID1 with spinning rust. Just run even hourly, or daily,
backups, rsyncs, or whatever tool you want to use, but don't run them
online as RAID1 together.


intend to put Debian system*and*  /home on the 215 GB RAID1, but I would
set all the XDG user dirs² on the 751 GB HDD partition


If I were you, I'd do as follows:

/ on NVMe Btrfs
noatime,nodiratime,space_cache=v2,ssd,compress-force=zstd:6,subvol=@

/home on NVMe Btrfs
noatime,nodiratime,space_cache=v2,ssd,compress-force=zstd:6,subvol=@home

/home/user/folder - that would be whatever is really big and you can't
fit it in SSD /home - make it your Videos, Steam games, your
storage-hungry app - put that as: HDD
noatime,nodiratime,space_cache=v2,compress-force=zstd:6,subvol=@hddfolder1
and mount that in fstab as your /home/user/folder

That way you have small /, bigger /home, both on SSD, and massive,
specific folders on HDD. Everything with compression on the fly. If you
have very slow CPU, decrease zstd compression to 3. If you really need
battery life, and don't want any extra CPU cycles, disable it.

Do the rest as you please, swap, tmp etc. Configure daily, weekly,
hourly rsync to copy everything on / and /home to HDD separate
partitions. That way if you NVMe dies you can plug new one, copy
everything back to it and start again.

Another option (I wouldn't do it, but here you go) is to replace 1TB HDD
for 1TB SSD. You can pair it with NVMe, it will be slower a bit, but not
that slow like RAID1 NVMe+HDD setup would be.

--
With kindest regards, Piotr.

⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org/
⠈⠳⣄

Re: Customizing Grub menus

[Dan Ritter]

Richard Owlett wrote: 
> I have a machine set aside for experimenting with different configurations
> of Debian. The default Grub2 menu will display OS(with version) and
> partition designation in /dev/sdXY format.
> 
> I give all partitions descriptive labels.
> I want the Grub menu to display OS and the partition label.
> I want it to update appropriately after using update-grub.
> 
> Is there an appropriate tool?

You want to read
https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/grub.html#Shell_002dlike-scripting

and make changes to files in /etc/grub.d/ which will then be
applied via update-grub

-dsr-

Re: Pulseaudio regularly crashing; how to evaluate?

[Dr. Jennifer Nussbaum]

 I wonder if there might be any other thoughts on this (aside from that of 
replacing Pulseaudio with its successor, which I'm not comfortable with)? 

The flakiness is particularly worrying--that only certain applications will 
crash with it.

Thanks.
 On Friday, December 3, 2021, 10:46:23 AM EST, Dr. Jennifer Nussbaum 
 wrote:  
 
 For the last month or so, Pulseaudio has been crashing for me. It seems to 
happen only when I use certain apps, such as watching video with VLC,or 
watching embedded videos in Firefox. It does not happen when listening to audio 
through an audio player, or having Zoom calls. After a crash,the Pulseaudio 
Volume Control will give a "connecting to Pulseaudio" error. Restarting with 
either "pulseaudio --start" or "pulseaudio -k" will hang for10-20 seconds, and 
then "work", in that "ps" will show Pulse is running, but I still can't play 
music (through anything), and the volume app shows thesame error. This will 
last a few minutes, until sound starts again.
This was on Bullseye; I recently upgraded to Bookworm (for other reasons, 
though I hoped it would help with this), and it's still happening, althoughnow 
"pulseaudio --start" will respond almost instantly. However, it still takes a 
few minutes for sound to come back.
Where do I look for help on this? /var/log/messages shows warnings about a 
deprecated module, but nothing more serious than that. I'm not sure wherethese 
crashes might be recorded, or what else to do. But having sound is very 
important to me, so I'd love to fix this!  

Reasonably simple setup for 1TB HDD and 250GB M.2 NVMe SSD

[Jorge P. de Morais Neto]

Hi everyone!  I have a Dell Inspiron 5570 laptop with 1TB HDD and 16 GiB
RAM (it supports 32 GiB).  I am about to buy an M.2 NVMe 250GB SSD---a
Western Digital WD Blue SN550.  I would like to set the system for
reliability, SSD durability¹ and performance.

I have looked at [Multi HDD/SSD Partitioning Scheme][] but it is too
complex and probably outdated (last modified 2013-10-17).  I would like
something simpler.  For backups, I would continue my weekly manual
backups to my 1.5 TB external HDD with duplicity.

On the SSD I intend to leave 35 GB unpartitioned for extra over
provisioning.  It would have just one 215 GB partition.

On the HDD I would put a 34 GB swap partition at the beginning, then a
215 GB partition for RAID1 with the SSD, then a 751 GB partition.  I
intend to put Debian system *and* /home on the 215 GB RAID1, but I would
set all the XDG user dirs² on the 751 GB HDD partition.  I would have
tmpfs on /tmp---I have read that long thread where someone alleged that
moving /tmp to tmpfs makes it useless but I disagree.

Would all this be reasonable?  Do you recommend any change?  Any tip?  I
run Debian stable with only official repositories, including
bullseye-backports.  I also manually installed GNU Guix package manager
and my main Guix profile has 163 packages.

Regards!

[Multi HDD/SSD Partitioning Scheme] 
https://wiki.debian.org/Multi%20HDD/SSD%20Partition%20Scheme

¹ According to its data sheet, the 250GB WD Blue SN550 endures 150TBW.
² See the xdg-user-dir manpage.

-- 
- Many people hate injustice but few check the facts; this causes more
  injustice.  Ask me about 
- I am Brazilian.  I hope my English is correct and I welcome feedback.
- https://www.defectivebydesign.org
- https://www.gnu.org

List mail delays, was: oddjob-mkhomedir question

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

regrettably i cannot contribute anything to your actual question.

But the question of mail delays can be answered out of my mailbox:

charlie derr wrote:
> my initial attempt to post the below to the
> list well over half an hour ago from my other address (CCed) hasn't yet made
> it to the list, though i don't know why,

Your message from
  Date: Wed, 8 Dec 2021 12:07:03 +
arrived after 23.5 minutes at my (and your) mail provider's server:

  Received: from bendel.debian.org ([82.195.75.100]) by mx-ha.gmx.net
(mxgmx014
 [212.227.15.9]) with ESMTPS (Nemesis) id 1MeAxp-1mNWTv0lWB-00bJHD for
 ; Wed, 08 Dec 2021 13:30:24 +0100

The delay seems to be a cooperation of Debian's server ecosystem
and linode.com.

At Debian:

  Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1])
by bendel.debian.org (Postfix) with QMQP
id D50422036B; Wed,  8 Dec 2021 12:30:13 + (UTC)

is more than 15 minutes after

  Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1])
by bendel.debian.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D083E20220
for ; Wed,
8 Dec 2021 12:14:46 + (UTC)
  Received: from bendel.debian.org ([127.0.0.1])
by localhost (lists.debian.org [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 2525)
with ESMTP id m_NL4LxlSScX for ;
Wed,  8 Dec 2021 12:14:43 + (UTC)

Before that, the mail spent a while on linode.com :

  Received: from localhost.members.linode.com (emergencyguild.org
[IPv6:2600:3c04::f03c:92ff:fe58:ffe3])
...
by bendel.debian.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 494FB20094
for ; Wed,
8 Dec 2021 12:14:43 + (UTC)

is more than 7 minutes after

  Received: by localhost.members.linode.com (Postfix, from userid 1000)
id 07A0979742; Wed,  8 Dec 2021 12:07:03 + (UTC)


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: oddjob-mkhomedir question

[Brad Rogers]

On Wed, 8 Dec 2021 07:51:11 -0500
charlie derr  wrote:

Hello charlie,

>(apologies for the resend, but my initial attempt to post the below to
>the list well over half an hour ago from my other address (CCed) hasn't
>yet made it to the list, though i don't know why, so...)

Yes it did.

-- 
 Regards  _
 / )  "The blindingly obvious is never immediately apparent"
/ _)rad   "Is it only me that has a working delete key?"
Going round on the Circle Line trying to find a way out
Titanic (My Over) Reaction - 999


pgpffFoLQxRh7.pgp
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

oddjob-mkhomedir question

[charlie derr]

Greetings everyone,

(apologies for the resend, but my initial attempt to post the below to the list 
well over half an hour ago from my other address (CCed) hasn't yet made it to 
the list, though i don't know why, so...)

i'm not subscribed to the list (but will check back via the web archives for 
responses that don't get CCed or BCCed to me).

Given that fact, do feel free to loop me in directly via (B)CC if you wish 
(though again, it's not necessary).

i've been using debian for ~25 years, and first of all, i have to express my 
debt of gratitude. It just keeps getting better and better.

Bullseye is truly awesome.

On this relatively new platform, i was able to quite trivially get pam-ldap 
functionality (for SSH logins) working. However, after installing the oddjob 
package(s), a user who does not yet have a home directory on the server is 
still not getting one autocreated upon SSHing in.

I've looked in log files, bumped sshd_config loglevel up to DEBUG, and 
restarted dbus, ssh and the oddjobd services.

Should any of you have any advice about where to look in order to troubleshoot 
(there seems to be no evidence that any attempt was even made to create a 
homedir upon the user logging in), i'd love to have you share it.

And/or if there's a different auto-create-homedir solution you might suggest, 
I'm also happy to try that (it does seem that oddjob is somewhat redhat 
specific?).

thanks again for all that you all do -- what a great community,
 ~c


-- 
charlie derr 
https://medium.com/@cderr


pgp8GUGvJ36Df.pgp
Description: PGP signature

Customizing Grub menus

[Richard Owlett]

I have a machine set aside for experimenting with different 
configurations of Debian. The default Grub2 menu will display OS(with 
version) and partition designation in /dev/sdXY format.


I give all partitions descriptive labels.
I want the Grub menu to display OS and the partition label.
I want it to update appropriately after using update-grub.

Is there an appropriate tool?
TIA

oddjob-mkhomedir question

[charlie derr]

Greetings everyone,

i'm not subscribed to the list (but will check back via the web archives for 
responses that don't get CCed or BCCed to me).

Given that fact, do feel free to loop me in directly via (B)CC if you wish 
(though again, it's not necessary).

i've been using debian for ~25 years, and first of all, i have to express my 
debt of gratitude. It just keeps getting better and better.

Bullseye is truly awesome.

On this relatively new platform, i was able to quite trivially get pam-ldap 
functionality (for SSH logins) working. However, after installing the oddjob 
package(s), a user who does not yet have a home directory on the server is 
still not getting one autocreated upon SSHing in.

I've looked in log files, bumped sshd_config loglevel up to DEBUG, and 
restarted dbus, ssh and the oddjobd services.

Should any of you have any advice about where to look in order to troubleshoot 
(there seems to be no evidence that any attempt was even made to create a 
homedir upon the user logging in), i'd love to have you share it.

And/or if there's a different auto-create-homedir solution you might suggest, 
I'm also happy to try that (it does seem that oddjob is somewhat redhat 
specific?).

thanks again for all that you all do -- what a great community,
 ~c

Re: question about different software versions on Debian 10 and 11

[Dan Ritter]

Piper H wrote: 
> On Debian 10, can I force install the software which is released on Debian
> 11?
> For example, a given software has default installation version 1.0 for
> debian 10, but has version 2.0 for debian 11.
> I want to use the version 2.0 on debian 10, how will I do it?



A few packages have advanced versions available through the
backports repository, but by no means all.

So in general, upgrade to Debian 11.

-dsr-

question about different software versions on Debian 10 and 11

[Piper H]

On Debian 10, can I force install the software which is released on Debian
11?
For example, a given software has default installation version 1.0 for
debian 10, but has version 2.0 for debian 11.
I want to use the version 2.0 on debian 10, how will I do it?

Thank you.
Piper

Re: question about a .deb file

[Piper H]

Hi David

Thanks for the info you provided.
The original purpose I asked the question is that I did need that jar file
for Mysql connector for Spark.
As you see the operations below:

$ pyspark --jars mysql-connector-java-8.0.27.jar
Python 3.6.9 (default, Jan 26 2021, 15:33:00)
[GCC 8.4.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
...
Spark context available as 'sc' (master = local[*], app id =
local-1638960026416).
SparkSession available as 'spark'.
>>>

In the command line I specify the jar name which must be put in Spark's
library dir.
So I was looking where the file is located in the system.

best regards,
Piper



On Wed, Dec 8, 2021 at 6:27 PM David  wrote:

> On Wed, 8 Dec 2021 at 19:21, Piper H  wrote:
>
>> Hello again,
>>
>> Sorry for this silly question.
>> I downloaded the JDBC drive from mysql website:
>> https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/
>>
>
> Hi.
>
> Just for your information, because you might not realise:
>
> Debian is a huge project that attempts to ensure the
> compatibility of every piece of software on your machine.
>
> If you download software from other sources, like you
> did from mysql.com above, then you will break Debian's
> methods for managing software compatibility on your
> machine.
>
> If you get a .deb package from somewhere that is not
> Debian, then that package is NOT part of Debian.
> It uses Debian packaging methods to create the .deb
> file, but it has NOT been integrated by Debian for compatibility
> with a Debian release.
>
> This incompatibility can cause your installation to become
> unusable, immediately, or later.
>
> Plus, folks from Debian won't be interested in helping you
> to fix those issues. Because from their perspective, they
> will see that you broke your Debian system by installing a
> foreign package.
>
> So for a problem-free experience with Debian, the
> ideal approach is to only install packages provided
> by Debian through one of its official repositories.
>
> More information on this topic is provided here:
>   https://wiki.debian.org/DontBreakDebian
>
> Please do read that. Ask here if you have any questions.
>
> It is important to understand that Debian is intended to
> be used by people for whom this restriction is not a problem.
> Not only that, but it is the philosophy of the Debian project
> and the reason why Debian is what it is. There are dozens
> of different Linux distributions, several different package
> management systems, and each comes with a different
> approach to solving the software compatibility problem.
>
> I hope this information helps you.
>
>

Re: question about a .deb file

[David]

On Wed, 8 Dec 2021 at 19:21, Piper H  wrote:

> Hello again,
>
> Sorry for this silly question.
> I downloaded the JDBC drive from mysql website:
> https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/
>

Hi.

Just for your information, because you might not realise:

Debian is a huge project that attempts to ensure the
compatibility of every piece of software on your machine.

If you download software from other sources, like you
did from mysql.com above, then you will break Debian's
methods for managing software compatibility on your
machine.

If you get a .deb package from somewhere that is not
Debian, then that package is NOT part of Debian.
It uses Debian packaging methods to create the .deb
file, but it has NOT been integrated by Debian for compatibility
with a Debian release.

This incompatibility can cause your installation to become
unusable, immediately, or later.

Plus, folks from Debian won't be interested in helping you
to fix those issues. Because from their perspective, they
will see that you broke your Debian system by installing a
foreign package.

So for a problem-free experience with Debian, the
ideal approach is to only install packages provided
by Debian through one of its official repositories.

More information on this topic is provided here:
  https://wiki.debian.org/DontBreakDebian

Please do read that. Ask here if you have any questions.

It is important to understand that Debian is intended to
be used by people for whom this restriction is not a problem.
Not only that, but it is the philosophy of the Debian project
and the reason why Debian is what it is. There are dozens
of different Linux distributions, several different package
management systems, and each comes with a different
approach to solving the software compatibility problem.

I hope this information helps you.

Re: question about a .deb file

[john doe]

On 12/8/2021 10:16 AM, Piper H wrote:

Thanks, I'll check them out. :)



My suggestion would be to do the following commands:
$ apt-get --autoremove purge mysql-connector-java
$ apt-get update && apt-get install libmariadb-java

Add 'sudo' if you need it.

--
John Doe

Re: question about a .deb file

[Piper H]

Thanks, I'll check them out. :)

On Wed, Dec 8, 2021 at 4:35 PM Stanislav Vlasov 
wrote:

> 2021-12-08 13:21 GMT+05:00, Piper H :
> > I downloaded the JDBC drive from mysql website:
> > https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/
> >
> > And got a file name:
> > (mysql-connector-java_8.0.27-1debian10_all.deb)
> > Then I run:
> > sudo dpkg -i mysql-connector-java_8.0.27-1debian10_all.deb
> >
> > And what's the next step?
> > I expect to get a *.jar file which will be used as the Mysql JDBC drive.
> > Until now I don't know where to get this jar file from the .deb file
> above.
>
> You can see content of installed package by command:
>
> dpkg -L mysql-connector-java
>
> And i recommend you do not install packages by hand before searching in
> repo.
> May be this package for you:
> https://packages.debian.org/buster/libmariadb-java
>
> --
> Stanislav
>

Re: question about a .deb file

[Stanislav Vlasov]

2021-12-08 13:21 GMT+05:00, Piper H :
> I downloaded the JDBC drive from mysql website:
> https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/
>
> And got a file name:
> (mysql-connector-java_8.0.27-1debian10_all.deb)
> Then I run:
> sudo dpkg -i mysql-connector-java_8.0.27-1debian10_all.deb
>
> And what's the next step?
> I expect to get a *.jar file which will be used as the Mysql JDBC drive.
> Until now I don't know where to get this jar file from the .deb file above.

You can see content of installed package by command:

dpkg -L mysql-connector-java

And i recommend you do not install packages by hand before searching in repo.
May be this package for you: https://packages.debian.org/buster/libmariadb-java

-- 
Stanislav

question about a .deb file

[Piper H]

Hello again,

Sorry for this silly question.
I downloaded the JDBC drive from mysql website:
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/

And got a file name:
(mysql-connector-java_8.0.27-1debian10_all.deb)
Then I run:
sudo dpkg -i mysql-connector-java_8.0.27-1debian10_all.deb

And what's the next step?
I expect to get a *.jar file which will be used as the Mysql JDBC drive.
Until now I don't know where to get this jar file from the .deb file above.

Thanks.
Piper

[Résolu] Re: mariadb qui ne démarre plus

[BERTRAND Joël]

Sébastien Dinot a écrit :
> Bonjour Joël,

Bonjour Sébastien,

> BERTRAND Joël a écrit :
> 
>> les seuls cas à peu près similaires indiquent que la base de données
>> était déjà corrompu (mais bizarrement, cela s'est aussi passé juste
>> avec une mise à jour entre les mêmes versions). Or dans mon cas, ce
>> n'est pas possible. J'ai réinstallé une version récente de la réplique
>> pas plus tard que ce matin et elle fonctionnait avant que je ne
>> redémarre la machine à la suite de sa mise à jour...
> 
> « ce n'est pas possible », en informatique « ce n'est pas possible » ;)

Oui, bon. Mais en l'occurrence, je trouverais cela assez bizarre. La
base fonctionne, je redémarre le serveur et ça ne fonctionne plus après
une mise à jour de mariadb...
>> déc. 07 23:08:26 hilbert mysqld[3627]: 2021-12-07 23:08:26 0 [ERROR]
>> Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege tables: 'mysql.user' is not
>> of type 'TABLE'
> 
> Ce message d'erreur laisse pourtant bien supposer une corruption des
> données, à moins que ce message ne soit induit par l'impossibilité
> d'accéder au fichier et donc par un problème de permission sur le
> répertoire ou le fichier. As-tu vérifié ces permissions ?

Naturellement :

/var/lib/mysql:
drwxr-xr-x 29 mysql mysql1024  7 déc.  23:08 mysql

/var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.frm:
-rw-rw  1 mysql mysql  13752  7 déc.  09:25 user.frm

> Utilises-tu
> SELinux ou AppArmor ?

Apparmor. Peut-être SElinux, mais je ne l'ai pas explicitement installé 
:

Root hilbert:[/var/lib/mysql/mysql] > dpkg-query -l | grep -i selinux
ii  libselinux1:amd64 3.3-1+b1
 amd64SELinux runtime shared libraries
ii  libselinux1-dev:amd64 3.3-1+b1
 amd64SELinux development headers
ii  libsemanage-common3.3-1
 all  Common files for SELinux policy
management libraries
ii  libsemanage1:amd643.1-2
 amd64SELinux policy management library
ii  libsemanage2:amd643.3-1+b1
 amd64SELinux policy management library
ii  libsepol-dev:amd643.3-1
 amd64SELinux binary policy manipulation
library and development files
ii  libsepol1:amd64   3.1-1
 amd64SELinux library for manipulating
binary security policies
ii  libsepol2:amd64   3.3-1
 amd64SELinux library for manipulating
binary security policies
Root hilbert:[/var/lib/mysql/mysql] >

> Utilises-tu les répertoires standard du système ou
> as-tu déporté les fichiers ailleurs ?

Répertoires standards. Mais, et il y a un mais, ce serveur de test est
un serveur diskless. Tout est exporté depuis un serveur NetBSD (NFSv3).

> Sinon, le disque dur est-il récent ? L'as-tu contrôlé via un fsck ?

Le volume est exporté depuis NetBSD, la machine NetBSD ne se plaint pas
de ses disques. Aucune erreur smart, aucune erreur après un fsck (ffs2).

> Sur la page ci-dessous, on trouve une base de connaissance listant les
> différentes raisons pouvant conduire à l'échec du démarrage de MariaDB
> et ce qu'il faut faire pour y remédier :
> 
> https://mariadb.com/kb/en/what-to-do-if-mariadb-doesnt-start/

Je connais, mais ça ne m'est pas d'un très grand secours. Le problème
est que le message d'erreur, le seul, est :

2021-12-07 23:07:49 0 [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege
tables: 'mysql.user' is not of type 'TABLE'

et j'ai envie de dire "très certes, mon cher" !

Root hilbert:[/var/lib/mysql/mysql] > head user.frm
TYPE=VIEW
...

Visiblement, mysql.user n'est pas une table mais une vue. Côté
dysfonctionnel, j'ai une version 10.3.29 de mariadb (mais les libs sont
de 10.5.9 !), côté serveur fonctionnel, je m'aperçois que j'ai une
10.5.9. C'est assez étrange, le serveur n'est pas mis à jour (je sais,
ce n'est pas bien, mais vus les problèmes inhérents à systemd, je ne le
mets à jour que lorsque je suis physiquement devant lui).

Un apt install mariadb me propose aujourd'hui :
...
Les NOUVEAUX paquets suivants seront installés :
  galera-4 mariadb-client-10.5 mariadb-client-core-10.5 mariadb-server
  mariadb-server-10.5 mariadb-server-core-10.5

C'est assez étrange, la réplique est un testing à jour. Je suppose que
pour une raison x ou machin, mariadb a été downgradé et que je n'ai pas
fait attention.

Une fois ces paquets installés, je me suis tapé un :
2021-12-08  9:00:10 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Upgrade after a crash is not
supported. The redo log was created with MariaDB 10.3.29.
2021-12-08  9:00:10 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Plugin initialization aborted with
error Generic error
2021-12-08  9:00:10 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...