Re: Mounting NFS share from Synology NAS

[Tixy]

On Wed, 2022-02-02 at 17:06 -0500, Bob Weber wrote:
[...]
> I second the sshfs approach.   I use it between several Debian servers and 
> have 
> been happy with the results.  Once setup in the fstab a click in a GUI or 
> mount 
> command on the cli mounts the remote server on a directory specified in the 
> fstab.

If you use a GUI, you can also have gvfs installed (default in some
desktops) and then in your file manager just use the directory path
like ssh://user@host/ with user being optional if you want the current
user. You can add bookmarks in your filemanager for the paths you use
frequently.

I use this for quick access for copying and editing files on other
machines. For proper automated backup and bulk storage I use NFS on a
NAS/router box (an ARM based computer running Debian).

-- 
Tixy

How to disable bluetooth probe

[Pankaj Jangid]

Hi,

I get the below error message every second on my text console. And due
to this I have to use GUI. I could find out that my hardware is not yet
supported by Linux Kernel 5.10, and 5.15 - which is in unstable - has
support for my motherboard.

--8<---cut here---start->8---
[ 7270.511273] Bluetooth: hci0: Reading Intel version information failed (-22)
[ 7270.511275] Bluetooth: hci0: Intel Read version failed (-22)
[ 7270.511293] Bluetooth: hci0: Intel reset sent to retry FW download
--8<---cut here---end--->8---

Till the new kernel is available in stable, how can I disable the above
probe and hence the frequent messages?

Regards ~Pankaj

Re: Printing lots of pages skips a few

[Pankaj Jangid]

mick crane  writes:

> May be an issue with the printer reporting it has printed file when it
> hasn't.
> Perhaps try wait between each print instruction.
>

This could be one reason. But I am not sure how to diagnose
this. Perhaps the procedure suggested by David is a good starting point.

Regards ~Pankaj

Re: Printing lots of pages skips a few

[Pankaj Jangid]

David Wright  writes:

> And in the OP's case, this might save a little effort, because my
> next step in the investigation would be to check the files in
> /var/spool/cups/c* to make sure that all the files had actually
> been queued. If so, what does each file report as happening.
> (The files are timestamped, so their later repeat printings can
> be discounted.)
>
> The OP might want to sort on date and/or sequence number if they
> were going to bother to sort at all. The sort options are
> complicated a little by the choice of ddmmyy, rather than yymmdd,
> for the date field.
>

Thanks for these pointers, David. Today I am travelling. Tomorrow, I’ll
definitely diagnose using the procedure outlined by you.

Regards ~Pankaj

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[David Christensen]

On 2/2/22 06:11, Christian Britz wrote:

Inspired by my previous attempts to implent NFS on my Synology NAS, I am
thinking about buying a mini server where I install Debian to serve as
file share (SMB and NFS) and DLNA server.

It should fully support Debian Stable, have a low price but be capable
of performing the tasks well, ideally have working WIFI, be silent,
low-power and small.

Do you have any recommendations for me?



I had a similar wish list for a SOHO LAN server/ NAS several years ago. 
 My conclusion was that small, energy efficient, high-performance 
computer hardware commands a premium price and has little room for 
expansion or upgrades.  Used server equipment is a much better value and 
is designed for expansion/ upgrade, but servers are rarely quiet or 
energy efficient.



I decided to go with a used Dell PowerEdge T30 with a Xeon E3-1225 v5 
processor, 2 @ 8 GB ECC memory, a 2.5" SATA 6 Gbps SSD, 2 @ 3.5 SATA 6 
Gbps enterprise HDD's, and a DVD+-RW drive.  I installed FreeBSD.



The uATX tower chassis is smaller than all of my other towers, the CPU 
and PSU fans are quiet, and energy efficiency is decent.  But the HDD's 
are attached directly to the chassis internal drive cage, so HDD 
activity makes noise.  If the machine was located in the bedroom, I 
would attach vibration/ sound absorbing materials to the drive cage and 
interior surfaces.  Or, pay for large SSD's.



The T30 was a worthwhile investment (~US$750), and I still have two 3.5" 
drive bays, two memory slots, and four PCI/ PCIe expansion slots 
available for the future.



That said, understand that Synology, QNAP, Western Digital, Asus, etc., 
do a lot of engineering and legal work to develop and maintain their NAS 
products to interoperate with all of the various devices and 
technologies found in a SOHO environment.  It's a never-ending 
treadmill.  I implemented GELI, ZFS, jails, Samba, SSH, and CVS on my 
T30.  I bounced on NFS and Kerberos,  I have yet to try DLNA.



David

Re: OpenSSH: cause of random kex_exchange_identification errors?

[Vincent Lefevre]

On 2022-02-02 14:21:08 -0500, gene heskett wrote:
> When I change something, like rebooting the rpi4 running my big Sheldon 
> lathe, from debian buster to debian bullseye, the keyfile changes, and I 
> get an explicit error telling me to run ssh-keygen to remove the 
> offending key, which I do, and the next attempt then works as it auto-
> registers the new key.
[...]

I recall that in my case, the error occurs at the very beginning
of the connection, *before* authentication has started.

-- 
Vincent Lefèvre  - Web: 
100% accessible validated (X)HTML - Blog: 
Work: CR INRIA - computer arithmetic / AriC project (LIP, ENS-Lyon)

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[paulf]

On Wed, 2 Feb 2022 16:42:14 -0500
Henning Follmann  wrote:

> 
> And we can do one better:
> the raspi compute module and the cm IO board.
> here you will get a PCIe socket which then can take up
> a SATA controller.
> 

Can you recommend a tiny PCIe SATA controller to go in there, and
possibly a case to fit it all (with laptop/SSD drive)?

Paul

-- 
Paul M. Foster
http://noferblatz.com
http://quillandmouse.com

Re: Mounting NFS share from Synology NAS

[Christian Britz]

On 02.02.22 23:06, Bob Weber wrote:
> On 2/2/22 07:36, gene heskett wrote:
>>
>> Sounds like how my network grew, with more cnc'd machines added. But I 
>> was never able the make MFSv4 Just Work for anything for more than the 
>> next reboot of one of the machines.  Then I discovered sshfs which Just 
>> Does anything the user can do, it does not allow root access, but since I 
>> am the same user number on all machines, I just put whatever needs root 
>> in a users tmp dir then ssh login to that machine, become root and then 
>> put the file wherever it needs to go. I can do whatever needs done, to 
>> any of my machines, currently 7, from a comfy office chair.
>> Stay well all.
>>
>> Cheers, Gene Heskett.
> 
> I second the sshfs approach.   I use it between several Debian servers
> and have been happy with the results.  Once setup in the fstab a click
> in a GUI or mount command on the cli mounts the remote server on a
> directory specified in the fstab.
> 
> A sample of a line in the fstab (check docs for more options):
[...]

Thanks Gene and Bob, I didn't think of sshfs, although I have used it on
other occasions in the past. It works perfectly and I have disabled the
other file share options on the NAS. The performance feels even better
compared to SMB and NFS.

In the long term, I will setup my own Debian based home server, there
are many usefull suggestions in the other thread.

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[Jeremy Ardley]

On 3/2/22 5:42 am, Henning Follmann wrote:



I'd suggest a Raspberry Pi 4B. The requirements you listed elsewhere
would make this a cheap and workable alternative. The only issue is
that any SATA disks would have to be run through a USB 3 port. Using an
SSD might mitigate any lag. I use one of these with a laptop drive in a
Geekworm case to be the web server on my LAN. My wife an I have NFS
and Samba access to the drive as well. You can run Raspberry Pi OS (a
Debian derivative) on it. Matter of fact, I think you can run the
various media server packages on such a rig as well.


And we can do one better:
the raspi compute module and the cm IO board.
here you will get a PCIe socket which then can take up
a SATA controller.




My home server is a nanopi M4V2 with an NVME drive main drive. The boot 
partition is on an SD card but everything else is on an NVME drive.


It has a fan but never gets hot enough to turn it on. Instead the CNC 
case acts as a large heatsink. In summer the room temperature is over 
30C but there are no thermal problems.


O/S is straight Armbian with no tweaks. This makes it more compatible 
with mainline Debian than Raspberry Pi OS is.


Another advantage of the M4V2 over a Pi 4 is four USB-3 ports. With the 
USB-3 it would be very easy to implement a fast RAID array.


https://www.androidpimp.com/embedded/nanopi-m4v2-review/

--
Jeremy



OpenPGP_signature
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: Mounting NFS share from Synology NAS

[Bob Weber]

On 2/2/22 07:36, gene heskett wrote:


Sounds like how my network grew, with more cnc'd machines added. But I
was never able the make MFSv4 Just Work for anything for more than the
next reboot of one of the machines.  Then I discovered sshfs which Just
Does anything the user can do, it does not allow root access, but since I
am the same user number on all machines, I just put whatever needs root
in a users tmp dir then ssh login to that machine, become root and then
put the file wherever it needs to go. I can do whatever needs done, to
any of my machines, currently 7, from a comfy office chair.
Stay well all.

Cheers, Gene Heskett.


I second the sshfs approach.   I use it between several Debian servers and have 
been happy with the results.  Once setup in the fstab a click in a GUI or mount 
command on the cli mounts the remote server on a directory specified in the fstab.


A sample of a line in the fstab (check docs for more options):

sshfs#r...@172.16.0.xxx:/   /mnt/deb-test  fuse user,noauto,rw    0   0

The user at the remote system is root in this example.  Not a good idea unless 
you are the only one who can login to your system. I use ssh keys always.  If 
they are created without a password sshfs won't ask for one when it is mounted 
(I need this for my backup system Backuppc).  I even use sshfs to access a 
Digital Ocean droplet I have over the internet.


The current NAS you have might work with sshfs if their ssh server supports 
SFTP.


--


*...Bob*

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[Henning Follmann]

On Wed, Feb 02, 2022 at 11:23:01AM -0500, pa...@quillandmouse.com wrote:
> On Wed, 2 Feb 2022 15:11:57 +0100
> Christian Britz  wrote:
> 
> > Inspired by my previous attempts to implent NFS on my Synology NAS, I
> > am thinking about buying a mini server where I install Debian to
> > serve as file share (SMB and NFS) and DLNA server.
> > 
> > It should fully support Debian Stable, have a low price but be capable
> > of performing the tasks well, ideally have working WIFI, be silent,
> > low-power and small.
> > 
> > Do you have any recommendations for me?
> > 
> 
> I'd suggest a Raspberry Pi 4B. The requirements you listed elsewhere
> would make this a cheap and workable alternative. The only issue is
> that any SATA disks would have to be run through a USB 3 port. Using an
> SSD might mitigate any lag. I use one of these with a laptop drive in a
> Geekworm case to be the web server on my LAN. My wife an I have NFS
> and Samba access to the drive as well. You can run Raspberry Pi OS (a
> Debian derivative) on it. Matter of fact, I think you can run the
> various media server packages on such a rig as well.
> 

And we can do one better:
the raspi compute module and the cm IO board.
here you will get a PCIe socket which then can take up
a SATA controller.

-H



-- 
Henning Follmann   | hfollm...@itcfollmann.com

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[Linux-Fan]

Jonathan Dowland writes:


On Wed, Feb 02, 2022 at 03:11:57PM +0100, Christian Britz wrote:

Do you have any recommendations for me?


I have much the requirements and my current solution is documented here:



I am using an Intel NUC with Celeron J3455 with 8 GiB of RAM.

It has a fan but runs very quietly.

Here, it is only a "backup-server" hence the low-speed CPU is not an issue.

It is currently still on oldstable (see sheet below), but that's only  
because I have not found any time to upgrade it yet. Given that it is just a  
regular amd64 machine, I do not expect any problems with upgrading.


┌─── System Sheet Script 1.2.7, Copyright (c) 2012-2021 Ma_Sys.ma ─┐
│ linux-fan (id 1000) on rxvt-unicode-256colorDebian GNU/Linux 10 (buster) │
│ Linux 4.19.0-18-amd64 x86_64 │
│ 02.02.2022 22:21:37   masysma-16 │
│ up 65 days, 41 min,  1 user,  load avg: 0.02, 0.03, 0.00781/7856 MiB │
│ 4 Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU J3455 @ 1.50GHz│
├── Network ───┤
│ Interface  Sent/MiB  Received/MiBAddress │
│ enp2s017925 18624192.168.1.22/24 │
├─── File systems ─┤
│ Mountpoint Used/GiBOf/GiB Percentage │
│ /   246  181714% │
├─── Users ┤
│ Username MEM/MiBTop/MEM  CPU  Top/CPU   Time/min │
│ root 271dockerd 0.6%  dockerd972 │
│ backupuser   194   megasync 0.2% megasync382 │
│ linux-fan 32systemd   0% syssheet  0 │
│ monitorix 21monitorix-httpd   0%  monitorix-httpd  2 │
└──┘

The system has been running since its installation in 09/2020 in mostly 24/7  
operation (a few weeks of vacation per year) with little to no issues -- I  
only remember overloading it once with a time series database and having to  
reboot to restore some order :)


HTH
Linux-Fan

[...]


pgpobDn0eFivj.pgp
Description: PGP signature

Re: Debian 11 installer and encryption

[Andrew M.A. Cater]

On Wed, Feb 02, 2022 at 10:57:35PM +0200, Georgi Naplatanov wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> I saw that the installer of Debian 11 supports encrypted volumes.
> 
> Is this LUKS2?
> 
> If it's not, what is it?
> 
> Kind regards
> Georgi
>

LUKS 2 as of Debian 10, apparently. Works really well for me in Debian 11.
You can tweak various parameters but the default "Encrypted LVM, all files
in one partition" is straightforward.

Hope this helps,

All the very best, as ever,

Andrew Cater 

Debian 11 installer and encryption

[Georgi Naplatanov]

Hi all,

I saw that the installer of Debian 11 supports encrypted volumes.

Is this LUKS2?

If it's not, what is it?

Kind regards
Georgi

Reusing ssh keys on a new installation, was Re: OpenSSH: cause of random kex_exchange_identification errors?

[David Wright]

On Wed 02 Feb 2022 at 14:28:40 (-0500), Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Wed, Feb 02, 2022 at 02:21:08PM -0500, gene heskett wrote:
> > When I change something, like rebooting the rpi4 running my big Sheldon 
> > lathe, from debian buster to debian bullseye, the keyfile changes, and I 
> > get an explicit error telling me to run ssh-keygen to remove the 
> > offending key, which I do, [...]
> 
> What *I* would do is copy the host key files from the buster instance
> (the one that your client recognizes as valid) into the bullseye
> instance.  That way, the client will recognize *both* server instances
> as the same host.
> 
> The host keys are in the /etc/ssh/ directory in Debian.  There are
> several files, and they all begin with ssh_host.  Just copy them over
> and make sure the permissions are retained.  (The ones without .pub on
> the end are meant to be private, so they have tighter permissions.)
> 
> If you're not running Debian, but instead are running some perverse
> derivative that changes everything but still calls its releases "buster"
> and "bullseye" in order to maximize confusion, then your host keys might
> be in some other directory.

I do similar, after checking that the keys look as if they were
generated by the same scheme. I do this just after Grub has been
installed on the disk, ie at "Finish the installation". In a shell
on VC2, or another remote ssh connection, I type:

# mount /dev/ /mnt
# cp -ipr /mnt/etc/ssh/s*[by] /target/etc/ssh/
# cp -ipr /mnt/root/.ssh (and most of root's dotfiles) /target/root/

The reason I do this in the d-i is because I typically install
over a ssh connection, and when the machine reboots at the end
and I want to login remotely to finish the configuration, I can
just type (from local's root):

# ssh -X hostname

and I'm in.

To summarise, the upshot is that to install a new system, I visit
the machine to plug in a USB installer stick, boot up from it using
the one-time-boot option, and run these commands:

 │  Choose language │
 │  Configure the keyboard  │
 │  Detect and mount CD-ROM │
 │  Load installer components from CD   │
→ network-console: Continue installation remotely using SSH ←
 │  Detect network hardware │
 │  Configure the network   │
 │  Continue installation remotely using SSH│
  set a password (I use the hostname)

and return to my comfortable chair. I never /have to/ revisit
the target machine again.¹

One other trick: I run the remote installer with:

$ ssh -o GlobalKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null 
installer@hostname

which avoids polluting my ~/.ssh/known_hosts with the ephemeral
host key being used by the installer.

¹ unless I want my stick back. (Desktop machines are configured
  with magic-packet wake-up in the BIOS.)

Cheers,
David.

Re: qui y va ?

[Pierre-Elliott Bécue]

ptilou  wrote on 02/02/2022 at 17:32:57+0100:

> Le mercredi 2 février 2022 à 15:30:02 UTC+1, Marc Chantreux a écrit :
>> salut, 
>> 
>> idée tordue du jour: tu aurais pu mettre "Fosdem" *dans* le titre.
>> > https://fosdem.org/2022/about/ 
>> > on fait du co stand, voiturage, hôtel ?
>> AFAIK: 
>> 
>> Online component 
>> 
>> The format for FOSDEM 2022 will be online only. How does this work? 
>> Visit this page for more details. 
>> 
>> https://fosdem.org/2022/practical/ 
>> 
>
> Oui online, mais on peut venir aussi […]

Ma compréhension du "online only" c'est que l'ULB ne sera pas ouverte au
public du FOSDEM.

-- 
PEB


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Mobian

[Paul van der Vlis]

Hoi,

Zijn er hier ook andere gebruikers van Mobian?

https://wiki.mobian-project.org/

Groet,
paul


--
Paul van der Vlis Linux systeembeheer Groningen
https://vandervlis.nl/

Re: OpenSSH: cause of random kex_exchange_identification errors?

[Greg Wooledge]

On Wed, Feb 02, 2022 at 02:21:08PM -0500, gene heskett wrote:
> When I change something, like rebooting the rpi4 running my big Sheldon 
> lathe, from debian buster to debian bullseye, the keyfile changes, and I 
> get an explicit error telling me to run ssh-keygen to remove the 
> offending key, which I do, [...]

What *I* would do is copy the host key files from the buster instance
(the one that your client recognizes as valid) into the bullseye
instance.  That way, the client will recognize *both* server instances
as the same host.

The host keys are in the /etc/ssh/ directory in Debian.  There are
several files, and they all begin with ssh_host.  Just copy them over
and make sure the permissions are retained.  (The ones without .pub on
the end are meant to be private, so they have tighter permissions.)

If you're not running Debian, but instead are running some perverse
derivative that changes everything but still calls its releases "buster"
and "bullseye" in order to maximize confusion, then your host keys might
be in some other directory.

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[Christian Britz]

On 2022-02-02 17:55 UTC+0100, Jonathan Dowland wrote:
> On Wed, Feb 02, 2022 at 03:11:57PM +0100, Christian Britz wrote:
>> Do you have any recommendations for me?
> 
> I have much the requirements and my current solution is documented here:
> 

...bookmarked! :-)

Re: OpenSSH: cause of random kex_exchange_identification errors?

[gene heskett]

On Wednesday, February 2, 2022 9:44:32 AM EST Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> When I want to connect with SSH (ssh/scp) to some machine, I sometimes
> get errors, either
> 
> kex_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host
> 
> or
> 
> kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer
> 
> immediately after the connection attempt. This happens randomly,
> and there are some periods where this happens quite often. The
> client machine doesn't seem to matter, and this issue also even
> occurs from machines on the local network.
> 
> With ssh -vvv, the output ends with
> 
> debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.7p1 Debian-4
> kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer
> Connection reset by [...] port 22
> 
> In the source, this corresponds to function kex_exchange_identification
> in kex.c:
> 
> len = atomicio(read, ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh),
> , 1);
> if (len != 1 && errno == EPIPE) {
> error_f("Connection closed by remote host");
> r = SSH_ERR_CONN_CLOSED;
> goto out;
> } else if (len != 1) {
> oerrno = errno;
> error_f("read: %.100s", strerror(errno));
> r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
> goto out;
> }
> 
> so either with EPIPE or with ECONNRESET, and this apparently occurs
> before the exchange of banners.
> 
> I could reproduce the issue with telnet, which gives
> 
> [...]
> Escape character is '^]'.
> Connection closed by foreign host.
> 
> while one normally has
> 
> SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.9p1 Debian-10+deb10u2
> 
> just after the "Escape character..." line.
> 
> Note that this is different from a "Connection refused". Here, the
> connection is accepted, but immediately closed.
> 
> The admin of the machine could see nothing particular in the logs.
> He eventually modified the MaxStartups value, but this did not
> solve the issue (but AFAIK, if this were the cause, there would
> have been something about it in the logs). The machine has enough
> available memory.
> 
> Any idea about the possible cause of these random errors?

When I change something, like rebooting the rpi4 running my big Sheldon 
lathe, from debian buster to debian bullseye, the keyfile changes, and I 
get an explicit error telling me to run ssh-keygen to remove the 
offending key, which I do, and the next attempt then works as it auto-
registers the new key. But this machine is bullseye, and the stretch 
before it, didn't have a self advising failure. The update was forced on 
me, a nearly new 2T main drive died in the night losing everything, so I 
threw money at it and now I'm booting from a 500G SSD, and 4 1T SSD's are 
in a raid10 as /home of 2T capacity. One spinning rust drive remains, 
amanda's morgue. I've put smaller SSD's in all my machines now, and the 
only problem I've had was on the pi where I'm using usb3 to sata cables 
to mount work drives, and an off-brand cable died, replaced the cable wth 
a startech brand and the SSD as good, didn't lose a byte.  They are about 
6x faster than spinning rust, putting new life in old machines. Working 
on that fast storage, I can rebuild a v5.16.2-rt12 realtime preempt-rt 
kernel in armhf flavor for the rpi4 in around 20 minutes.  The first time 
I did that on spinning rust and a rpi3, took 13+ hours. And I'm still 
running that older kernel on a rpi4. With a full xfc4 gui, it runs until 
I cause a power failure by unplugging it.  It has a small ups, and 
because my now passed wife had COPD, needed a dependable oxygen supply, 
there is a 20kw generac in the back yard that starts in about 4 seconds.

FWIW, we've not yet been able to make linuxcnc build on a bullseye 
system, boost::python in the 3.9.2 version of python is a total 
showstopper. The same calls in buster, work fine with python 3.7.

Probably more than you wanted to know.

Cheers, Gene Heskett.
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

taille des fontes dans alpine

[Pierre Frenkiel]

bonjour,
Je cherche un moyen d'augmneter la taille de la fonte utilisée dans alpine.
Google n ema rien donné.. et vous?

Cordialement,
--
Pierre Frenkiel

Re : Clavier-souris sans-fil Logitech Bolt

[k6dedijon]

ATTENTION

Pour information, j’attire votre attention sur le fait que le Bluetooth n’est 
pas sécurisé.
En effet pour l’utiliser il suffit de l’activer dans les paramètres. Aucun mot 
de passe n’est demandé à ce stade.
Ensuite, vous recherchez les "appareils connectés".
Puis vous définissez "Préférences de connexion > Bluetooth" avec un appareil 
figurant dans la liste des "appareils connectés".
Enfin vous choisissez : "Associer un nouvel appareil".
Vous voici connecté.
À aucun moment il vous a été demandé un mot de passe. À aucun moment il a été 
demandé à l’appareil où vous êtes connecté d’accepter ou de refuser votre 
connexion.
Ce dernier point est évident puisque vous pouvez vous connecter avec une 
oreillette qui est un appareil passif. 

Donc lorsque vous activez le Bluetooth, tous les appareils à proximité vous 
voient. Si quelqu’un de malveillant et de bidouilleur est dans les parages il 
prend cette porte ouverte pour aspirer ou pirater vos données ou pour bricoler 
vos fichiers, voire même pour installer une application qui vous espionne.

Donc le Bluetooth doit être réservé à de courts moments d’utilisation ou à une 
utilisation lorsque l’on est itinérant. Attention toutefois à l’itinérance 
pédestre, car la distance de détection environ 200 mètres peut aller jusqu’à 
600 mètres lorsque les conditions sont favorables, le temps de les parcourir, 
vous pouvez être accroché par un hacker.
Activez le Bluetooth avec discernement.

Prenez soin de vous.
Cassis





- Mail d'origine -
De: Olivier 
À: ML Debian User French 
Envoyé: Tue, 01 Feb 2022 17:52:32 +0100 (CET)
Objet: Clavier-souris sans-fil Logitech Bolt

Bonjour,

J'envisage d'acquérir un clavier et une souris sans fil pour faire de
l'administration système ou de la programmation.
Un peu par hasard, j'ai découvert une nouvelle gamme de produit sans
fil de Logitech nommée Bolt.

À l'inverse d'Unifying, celle-ci s'appuie sur Bluetooth.

1. Logitech Bolt est-il compatible avec Bullseye ? Si oui, est-ce que
le fonctionnement est stable et satisfaisant (latence, ...) ? Doit-on
installer le paquet solaar  ou autre chose pour communiquer avec un
hôte Debian ?

2. J'ai un PC portable doté du Bluetooth. Le dongle USB de Logitech
est-il indispensable ?

3. Est-il possible et facile d'utiliser un unique clavier avec 2 PC ?
Avec un smartphone ou une tablette ?

4. Un modèle à conseiller ?

Slts

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[Olivier]

Mea culpa:
Après
$ echo foo > ~/Documents/foo.txt

le fichier foo.txt est marquable comme favori !

Sur ma machine:
$ dpkg -l *nautilus*
Souhait=inconnU/Installé/suppRimé/Purgé/H=à garder
| 
État=Non/Installé/fichier-Config/dépaqUeté/échec-conFig/H=semi-installé/W=attend-traitement-déclenchements
|/ Err?=(aucune)/besoin Réinstallation (État,Err: majuscule=mauvais)
||/ Nom   Version  Architecture Description
+++-=---==>
ii  libnautilus-extension1a:amd64 3.38.2-1+deb11u1 amd64
libraries for nautilus components - runtime version
ii  nautilus  3.38.2-1+deb11u1 amd64
file manager and graphical shell for GNOME
ii  nautilus-data 3.38.2-1+deb11u1 all
data files for nautilus
ii  nautilus-extension-brasero3.12.2-6 amd64
CD/DVD burning integration for Nautilus
ii  nautilus-extension-gnome-terminal 3.38.3-1 amd64
GNOME terminal emulator application - Nautilus extensi>
un  nautilus-sendto
(aucune description n'est disponible)


En testant avec d'autres emplacements standard comme Images, Musique
ou Téléchargement: ça marche (ie le menu contextuel apparaît).
Par contre, le dossier /home/dupont/FOO: le menu contextuel n'apparaît pas !

Autres échecs:
cd /home/dupont/Images
ln -s ../FOO/bar.txt

cd /home/dupont/FOO
ln -s ../Images/foo.txt


Une idée ?

Le mer. 2 févr. 2022 à 12:27, didier gaumet  a écrit :
>
> peut-être y a-t-il une différence si on lance nautilus sous Gnome ou sous un 
> autre environnement, je ne sais pas.
> voilà ce qui est installé chez moi en rapport avec Nautilus:
> didier@hp-notebook14:~$ dpkg -l *nautilus*
> Souhait=inconnU/Installé/suppRimé/Purgé/H=à garder
> | 
> État=Non/Installé/fichier-Config/dépaqUeté/échec-conFig/H=semi-installé/W=attend-traitement-déclenchements
> |/ Err?=(aucune)/besoin Réinstallation (État,Err: majuscule=mauvais)
> ||/ Nom   Version  Architecture 
> Description
> +++-=---=
> ii  gir1.2-nautilus-3.0:amd64 3.38.2-1+deb11u1 amd64libraries 
> for nautilus components - gir bindings
> ii  libnautilus-extension1a:amd64 3.38.2-1+deb11u1 amd64libraries 
> for nautilus components - runtime version
> ii  nautilus  3.38.2-1+deb11u1 amd64file 
> manager and graphical shell for GNOME
> ii  nautilus-data 3.38.2-1+deb11u1 all  data 
> files for nautilus
> ii  nautilus-extension-brasero3.12.2-6 amd64CD/DVD 
> burning integration for Nautilus
> ii  nautilus-extension-burner:amd64   3.0.9-1  amd64CD/DVD 
> burning integration for Nautilus
> ii  nautilus-extension-gnome-terminal 3.38.3-1 amd64GNOME 
> terminal emulator application - Nautilus extension
> ii  nautilus-filename-repairer0.2.0-3  amd64Nautilus 
> extension for filename encoding repair
> ii  nautilus-sendto   3.8.6-3.1amd64easily 
> send files via email from within Nautilus
> ii  nautilus-share0.7.3-2+b1   amd64Nautilus 
> extension to share folder using Samba
> un  python-nautilus (aucune 
> description n'est disponible)
> ii  python3-nautilus  1.2.3-3+b1   amd64Python 
> binding for Nautilus components (Python 3 version)
> ii  seahorse-nautilus 3.11.92-4amd64Nautilus 
> extension for Seahorse integration
>

Re: One user system.

[peter]

From: john doe 
Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2022 08:04:28 +0100
> I must say, I concur with others in this thread on not removing a single
> non-root user.

Right oh; I don't aim to remove my original ordinary user account.

> If you do not want the regular user, you can simply lock/disable it.

Or just ignore it unless a requirement surfaces.

Thx, ... P.

-- 
mobile: +1 778 951 5147
  VoIP: +1 604 670 0140
   48.7693 N 123.3053 W

Re: Printing lots of pages skips a few

[David Wright]

On Tue 01 Feb 2022 at 07:29:09 (-0500), Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Tue, Feb 01, 2022 at 03:04:06PM +0530, Pankaj Jangid wrote:
> > I tried to print ~40 pages using the following combination of commands:
> > 
> > find . -name "pref***.pdf" | xargs lp
> > 
> > The result was that a couple of pages were missed.
> 
> That command is fundamentally broken.  It will fail if any of the
> matching filenames contain whitespace, single quotes or double quotes.
> 
> A correct version would be:
> 
> find . -name "pref*.pdf" -exec lp {} +
> 
> That's the preferred one.  If you're really old-fashioned and just cannot
> live without xargs, the first thing you must realize is that POSIX xargs
> is fundamentally incapable of doing this correctly.  GNU xargs has a -0
> extension, though, which makes it possible:
> 
> find . -name "pref*.pdf" -print0 | xargs -0 lp
> 
> That one is acceptable, albeit longer, less efficient and less portable.

(… goes off to check .bashrc, and comes back …)

I find frequent use of xargs, and they're almost all on account of

needing  …  -print0 | LC_ALL=C sort -z | xargs -0 …  (± the locale).

And in the OP's case, this might save a little effort, because my
next step in the investigation would be to check the files in
/var/spool/cups/c* to make sure that all the files had actually
been queued. If so, what does each file report as happening.
(The files are timestamped, so their later repeat printings can
be discounted.)

The OP might want to sort on date and/or sequence number if they
were going to bother to sort at all. The sort options are
complicated a little by the choice of ddmmyy, rather than yymmdd,
for the date field.

Cheers,
David.

Re: One user system.

[David Wright]

On Tue 01 Feb 2022 at 11:47:35 (-0800), pe...@easthope.ca wrote:
> From: john doe 
> Date: Tue, 1 Feb 2022 19:29:02 +0100
> > If my understanding is correct, you will need to use 'sudo'.
> 
> Thanks.  Still a multi-user system.  
> 
> Whereas puppy linux has one user, root.

And it's been designed with that in mind. Debian hasn't.

> To make debian one-user I think of 
> 
> mkdir /home/root ; cp -r /root/* /home/root ; rm -r /root ; ln -s /home/root 
> /root
> cp  /home/root

I can't understand this. If you carry out your intention, then
/home becomes just another top-level directory like /media.
You don't need to put /root into it just to make a point. You
can use it for just your data files, and not your dotfiles —
particularly if /home is on a separate partition.

> Then proceed as root rather than me.

You may hit snags. Some programs might refuse to run, or do
strange things because they're written to distinguish between
root and an ordinary user.

But hey, it could be quite exciting, like carrying a cocked
revolver tucked into your waistband. One casual typo, one
misplaced space, and you can blow away a whole disk.

> Googling "linux one account" returned https://login.ubuntu.com/ and 
> other pages not relevant to the concept.  Odd that the topic doesn't 
> get more attention.

Not really — except perhaps on Puppy where it's been seen as
controversial, and hence discussed.

ISTR earlier posts where you've run up against permission problems,
but IMHO just running as perpetual root is not a sensible answer.

Cheers,
David.

Re: "mount -t ntfs" vs "mount.ntfs" ?

[David Wright]

On Wed 02 Feb 2022 at 11:16:18 (+0100), Yvan Masson wrote:
> 
> > > > > Slightly off-topic question: using pre-5.15 kernel, how can I
> > > > > mount a
> > > > > partition with kernel driver?
> > > > 
> > > > You can't, the NTFS kernel driver first appeared in Linux 5.15.
> > > > 
> > >   From what I understand, there was a read-only driver before 5.15:
> > > - see for example
> > > https://superuser.com/questions/139452/kernel-ntfs-driver-vs-ntfs-3g
> > > or
> > > https://www.paragon-software.com/us/home/ntfs3-driver-faq/
> > > - kernel build config (/boot/config-) also mentions ntfs, even
> > > for
> > > pre-5.15 kernels
> > 
> > Sorry, you are correct, I was mistaken, it's been in the kernel tree
> > [1] for over a decade. However I can't find it mentioned in the config
> > for the Debian kernels on my machine so I'm assuming Debian don't
> > enable it (I'm looking in /boot/config-5.10.0-11-amd64). But you say
> > you found in in you kernel configs?
> > 
> > [1] 
> > https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/log/fs/ntfs
> > 
> My mistake here, sorry :-) Indeed, Debian stable kernel's config does
> not mention NTFS, so my question is off-topic in this mailing list.

Not at all. Debian's kernel contain ntfs¹ in the source, and it's
not considered unusual to build custom kernels.

> For Linux Mint 20.3 LiveCD, kernel is 5.4.0-91.102 from Ubuntu, and
> its config mentions `CONFIG_NTFS=m`. Module is present in
> /lib/modules/5.4.0-91-generic/kernel/fs/. So I should be able to mount
> read-only with this driver, but don't know how.

Perhaps it is enough to   modprobe ntfs   (as root) before attempting
to mount the filesystem.

¹ It helps that ntfs-3g and ntfs3 have now have proper names. The
  former is the one that I use, though almost exclusively as read only².

  Buster's 4.19 kernel has NTFS in the source, but I've never tried it,
  mainly because they don't configure it in the repository's images.
  The documentation there hints that it is the 2nd generation ntfs
  driver as it refers back to an earlier version, which one might
  suppose is the first generation.

² On the one occasion I wrote anything, it was to remove that little
  bit of vomit that Windows writes on its partitions. Having converted
  a disk from MBR to GPT with gdisk, so that I could boot from it,
  Windows could no longer mount the partition until it was removed —
  it would just hang.

Cheers,
David.

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[Jonathan Dowland]

On Wed, Feb 02, 2022 at 03:11:57PM +0100, Christian Britz wrote:

Do you have any recommendations for me?


I have much the requirements and my current solution is documented here:




--
Please do not CC me for listmail.

  Jonathan Dowland
✎j...@debian.org
   https://jmtd.net

Re: OpenSSH: cause of random kex_exchange_identification errors?

[David Wright]

On Wed 02 Feb 2022 at 15:44:32 (+0100), Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> When I want to connect with SSH (ssh/scp) to some machine, I sometimes
> get errors, either
> 
> kex_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host
> 
> or
> 
> kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer
> 
> immediately after the connection attempt. This happens randomly,
> and there are some periods where this happens quite often. The
> client machine doesn't seem to matter, and this issue also even
> occurs from machines on the local network.

My only guess about what might be random is whether there's a race
between connectiong via IPv4 and IPv6 (printed earlier in the debug log).

Does one end of any failing connection always involve 8.7p1
(that's from testing, isn't it)?

Does it happen on ports other than 22? (If you're like me, almost
everything I see goes through port 22 at one end or the other.)

Cheers,
David.

Re: OpenSSH: cause of random kex_exchange_identification errors?

[Bijan Soleymani]

On 2022-02-02 09:44, Vincent Lefevre wrote:

In the source, this corresponds to function kex_exchange_identification
in kex.c:

 len = atomicio(read, ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh),
 , 1);
 if (len != 1 && errno == EPIPE) {
 error_f("Connection closed by remote host");
 r = SSH_ERR_CONN_CLOSED;
 goto out;
 } else if (len != 1) {
 oerrno = errno;
 error_f("read: %.100s", strerror(errno));
 r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
 goto out;
 }

so either with EPIPE or with ECONNRESET, and this apparently occurs
before the exchange of banners.


If you look at the source of atomicio you will see that in this case it 
will do a read() of 1 byte on the file descriptor used for communicating 
with the other side.


atomicio will set errno to EPIPE if 0 bytes are returned on any of the 
reads it does


and it returns the number of bytes read, which will be 0 or 1 in this case.

So the failure modes are 0 bytes read and read didn't return an error 
(EPIPE), or 0 bytes read and read did return an error (read returns -1 
and sets errno to something other than EPIPE).


But I think basically this means that read on the socket fails, or 
basically can't read from the network.


Bijan

Re: qui y va ?

[ptilou]

Le mercredi 2 février 2022 à 15:30:02 UTC+1, Marc Chantreux a écrit :
> salut, 
> 
> idée tordue du jour: tu aurais pu mettre "Fosdem" *dans* le titre.
> > https://fosdem.org/2022/about/ 
> > on fait du co stand, voiturage, hôtel ?
> AFAIK: 
> 
> Online component 
> 
> The format for FOSDEM 2022 will be online only. How does this work? 
> Visit this page for more details. 
> 
> https://fosdem.org/2022/practical/ 
> 

Oui online, mais on peut venir aussi, et je vous recommande le dépôt légal, (en 
2018 c’était 5 euros par ans https://www.kbr.be/fr/ ), j’ai pas vue de bon 
livre en informatique, mais ulb a un département informatique, d’ailleurs c’est 
un première année de l’ulb, qui m’as fait découvrir les hacks matériel !


Par contre recommandation resto, chez usinage les mites on attaquées les 
papilles, puisque une bonne table c’est Léon …

— 
ptilou 

Re: qui y va ?

[ptilou]

Le mercredi 2 février 2022 à 15:30:02 UTC+1, ajh-valmer a écrit :
> On Wednesday 02 February 2022 14:54:42 ptilou wrote: 
> > https://fosdem.org/2022/about/ 
> > on fait du co stand, voiturage, hôtel ?
> Oui, du virtual co stand, car, hotel, bed & breakfast...


bon c’est pas ce qui est virtuel :
Need information about scheduled talks, the location of the rooms or other 
practicalities?
We're happy to assist you at the Infodesk.

plus les stand !

airbnb, hsbxl …

— 
ptilou

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[paulf]

On Wed, 2 Feb 2022 15:11:57 +0100
Christian Britz  wrote:

> Inspired by my previous attempts to implent NFS on my Synology NAS, I
> am thinking about buying a mini server where I install Debian to
> serve as file share (SMB and NFS) and DLNA server.
> 
> It should fully support Debian Stable, have a low price but be capable
> of performing the tasks well, ideally have working WIFI, be silent,
> low-power and small.
> 
> Do you have any recommendations for me?
> 

I'd suggest a Raspberry Pi 4B. The requirements you listed elsewhere
would make this a cheap and workable alternative. The only issue is
that any SATA disks would have to be run through a USB 3 port. Using an
SSD might mitigate any lag. I use one of these with a laptop drive in a
Geekworm case to be the web server on my LAN. My wife an I have NFS
and Samba access to the drive as well. You can run Raspberry Pi OS (a
Debian derivative) on it. Matter of fact, I think you can run the
various media server packages on such a rig as well.

Paul

-- 
Paul M. Foster
http://noferblatz.com
http://quillandmouse.com

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[piorunz]

On 02/02/2022 14:38, Christian Britz wrote:



On 2022-02-02 15:30 UTC+0100, Grzesiek wrote:


I used Zyxel NSA310 some time ago, Debian howto:
https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?2,29970,30036
More devices are supported


The successor Zyxel NAS326 sounds interesting, but I am looking more for
something which I do not have to hack before I can install Debian on it.


Build it yourself then. mATX or miniITX motherboard, some mini case, and
one hard drive. Easy.
That being said, I wouldn't build that for myself, I learned hard way
that the only memory I will ever buy now is ECC memory. That limits form
factor available when it comes to DIY home server. My DIY home server is
in ATX PC case.

--
With kindest regards, Piotr.

⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org/
⠈⠳⣄

Re: OpenSSH: cause of random kex_exchange_identification errors?

[Vincent Lefevre]

On 2022-02-02 16:12:32 +0100, Hans wrote:
> Am Mittwoch, 2. Februar 2022, 15:44:32 CET schrieb Vincent Lefevre:
> Sounds weired. I wonder, if there is a typo. Your message beginning with 
> 
> kex_exchange_identif
> 
> looks for me like a typo. I would have "key_exchange_" expected.

No, that's really kex_ in the OpenSSH source, and I think that it just
means "key exchange" (the "exchange" in kex_exchange_identification is
about identification, as part of the key exchange, if I understand
correctly).

[...]
> Other reasons might be a timing problem on the network. Maybe you
> can take a look with wireshark or similar, if there are network
> problems.

Note that the error is always immediate. So this is not due to packet
loss or something like that.

-- 
Vincent Lefèvre  - Web: 
100% accessible validated (X)HTML - Blog: 
Work: CR INRIA - computer arithmetic / AriC project (LIP, ENS-Lyon)

Re: OpenSSH: cause of random kex_exchange_identification errors?

[Hans]

Am Mittwoch, 2. Februar 2022, 15:44:32 CET schrieb Vincent Lefevre:
Sounds weired. I wonder, if there is a typo. Your message beginning with 

kex_exchange_identif

looks for me like a typo. I would have "key_exchange_" expected.

However, I did not check this, and mybe this is correct. 
On the other side, maybe this typo causes (if it is really a typo!) some 
weired behaviour.

As I said, I may be wrong, but this is, what I did see at once.

Other reasons might be a timing problem on the network. Maybe you can take a 
look with wireshark or similar, if there are network problems.

Got this one day on my wireless part, had lots of packets to be recalled, 
which I did only see with wireshark and could not be noticed during normal 
internet use.

Just some ideas.

Does this help? Guess, not really

Best regards

Hans

> When I want to connect with SSH (ssh/scp) to some machine, I sometimes
> get errors, either
> 
> kex_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host
> 
> or
> 
> kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer
> 
> immediately after the connection attempt. This happens randomly,
> and there are some periods where this happens quite often. The
> client machine doesn't seem to matter, and this issue also even
> occurs from machines on the local network.
> 
> With ssh -vvv, the output ends with
> 
> debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.7p1 Debian-4
> kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer
> Connection reset by [...] port 22
> 
> In the source, this corresponds to function kex_exchange_identification
> in kex.c:
> 
> len = atomicio(read, ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh),
> , 1);
> if (len != 1 && errno == EPIPE) {
> error_f("Connection closed by remote host");
> r = SSH_ERR_CONN_CLOSED;
> goto out;
> } else if (len != 1) {
> oerrno = errno;
> error_f("read: %.100s", strerror(errno));
> r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
> goto out;
> }
> 
> so either with EPIPE or with ECONNRESET, and this apparently occurs
> before the exchange of banners.
> 
> I could reproduce the issue with telnet, which gives
> 
> [...]
> Escape character is '^]'.
> Connection closed by foreign host.
> 
> while one normally has
> 
> SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.9p1 Debian-10+deb10u2
> 
> just after the "Escape character..." line.
> 
> Note that this is different from a "Connection refused". Here, the
> connection is accepted, but immediately closed.
> 
> The admin of the machine could see nothing particular in the logs.
> He eventually modified the MaxStartups value, but this did not
> solve the issue (but AFAIK, if this were the cause, there would
> have been something about it in the logs). The machine has enough
> available memory.
> 
> Any idea about the possible cause of these random errors?

Re: OpenSSH: cause of random kex_exchange_identification errors?

[mick crane]

On 2022-02-02 14:44, Vincent Lefevre wrote:

When I want to connect with SSH (ssh/scp) to some machine, I sometimes
get errors, either

kex_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host

or

kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer

immediately after the connection attempt. This happens randomly,
and there are some periods where this happens quite often. The
client machine doesn't seem to matter, and this issue also even
occurs from machines on the local network.

With ssh -vvv, the output ends with

debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.7p1 Debian-4
kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer
Connection reset by [...] port 22

In the source, this corresponds to function kex_exchange_identification
in kex.c:

len = atomicio(read, ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh),
, 1);
if (len != 1 && errno == EPIPE) {
error_f("Connection closed by remote host");
r = SSH_ERR_CONN_CLOSED;
goto out;
} else if (len != 1) {
oerrno = errno;
error_f("read: %.100s", strerror(errno));
r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
goto out;
}

so either with EPIPE or with ECONNRESET, and this apparently occurs
before the exchange of banners.

I could reproduce the issue with telnet, which gives

[...]
Escape character is '^]'.
Connection closed by foreign host.

while one normally has

SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.9p1 Debian-10+deb10u2

just after the "Escape character..." line.

Note that this is different from a "Connection refused". Here, the
connection is accepted, but immediately closed.

The admin of the machine could see nothing particular in the logs.
He eventually modified the MaxStartups value, but this did not
solve the issue (but AFAIK, if this were the cause, there would
have been something about it in the logs). The machine has enough
available memory.

Any idea about the possible cause of these random errors?



I don't know what kex_exchange is but perhaps you have more than one 
entry/description for the remote machine in known_hosts or something and 
there's a bit of pot luck.


mick
--
Key ID4BFEBB31

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[Christian Britz]

On 2022-02-02 15:25 UTC+0100, Dan Ritter wrote:

> How small is small for you?

A small box which fits under my desk.

> And do you need RAID, or just storage, and if so, how much?

RAID is overkill and I need approximately 500G of storage.

> For example, an ASRock 4X4 BOX-R1000V will run Debian Stable
> nicely. It's very small. It's very quiet -- one CPU fan, nothing
> else. But because it is so small, it only has room for one M.2
> drive and one 2.5" SATA3 drive. If you need more storage, it
> will have to be via USB3, which I do not really recommend.

Sounds very interesting.

> (US $250 plus memory and disk).

To be honest, I hope to pay less. ;-). A normal sized SATA disk would
already be available. Searching the web now for suitable mini desktops.

OpenSSH: cause of random kex_exchange_identification errors?

[Vincent Lefevre]

When I want to connect with SSH (ssh/scp) to some machine, I sometimes
get errors, either

kex_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host

or

kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer

immediately after the connection attempt. This happens randomly,
and there are some periods where this happens quite often. The
client machine doesn't seem to matter, and this issue also even
occurs from machines on the local network.

With ssh -vvv, the output ends with

debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.7p1 Debian-4
kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer
Connection reset by [...] port 22

In the source, this corresponds to function kex_exchange_identification
in kex.c:

len = atomicio(read, ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh),
, 1);
if (len != 1 && errno == EPIPE) {
error_f("Connection closed by remote host");
r = SSH_ERR_CONN_CLOSED;
goto out;
} else if (len != 1) {
oerrno = errno;
error_f("read: %.100s", strerror(errno));
r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
goto out;
}

so either with EPIPE or with ECONNRESET, and this apparently occurs
before the exchange of banners.

I could reproduce the issue with telnet, which gives

[...]
Escape character is '^]'.
Connection closed by foreign host.

while one normally has

SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.9p1 Debian-10+deb10u2

just after the "Escape character..." line.

Note that this is different from a "Connection refused". Here, the
connection is accepted, but immediately closed.

The admin of the machine could see nothing particular in the logs.
He eventually modified the MaxStartups value, but this did not
solve the issue (but AFAIK, if this were the cause, there would
have been something about it in the logs). The machine has enough
available memory.

Any idea about the possible cause of these random errors?

-- 
Vincent Lefèvre  - Web: 
100% accessible validated (X)HTML - Blog: 
Work: CR INRIA - computer arithmetic / AriC project (LIP, ENS-Lyon)

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[Dan Ritter]

Christian Britz wrote: 
> Inspired by my previous attempts to implent NFS on my Synology NAS, I am
> thinking about buying a mini server where I install Debian to serve as
> file share (SMB and NFS) and DLNA server.
> 
> It should fully support Debian Stable, have a low price but be capable
> of performing the tasks well, ideally have working WIFI, be silent,
> low-power and small.
> 
> Do you have any recommendations for me?

How small is small for you?

And do you need RAID, or just storage, and if so, how much?

For example, an ASRock 4X4 BOX-R1000V will run Debian Stable
nicely. It's very small. It's very quiet -- one CPU fan, nothing
else. But because it is so small, it only has room for one M.2
drive and one 2.5" SATA3 drive. If you need more storage, it
will have to be via USB3, which I do not really recommend.

(US $250 plus memory and disk).

-dsr-

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[Christian Britz]

On 2022-02-02 15:30 UTC+0100, Grzesiek wrote:

> I used Zyxel NSA310 some time ago, Debian howto:
> https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?2,29970,30036
> More devices are supported

The successor Zyxel NAS326 sounds interesting, but I am looking more for
something which I do not have to hack before I can install Debian on it.

Re: Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[Grzesiek]

On 2/2/22 15:11, Christian Britz wrote:

Inspired by my previous attempts to implent NFS on my Synology NAS, I am
thinking about buying a mini server where I install Debian to serve as
file share (SMB and NFS) and DLNA server.

It should fully support Debian Stable, have a low price but be capable
of performing the tasks well, ideally have working WIFI, be silent,
low-power and small.

Do you have any recommendations for me?



I used Zyxel NSA310 some time ago, Debian howto:
https://forum.doozan.com/read.php?2,29970,30036
More devices are supported

Re: qui y va ?

[Marc Chantreux]

salut,

idée tordue du jour: tu aurais pu mettre "Fosdem" *dans* le titre.

> https://fosdem.org/2022/about/
> on fait du co stand, voiturage, hôtel ?

AFAIK:

Online component

The format for FOSDEM 2022 will be online only. How does this work?
Visit this page for more details.

https://fosdem.org/2022/practical/

a+
marc

Re: qui y va ?

[ajh-valmer]

On Wednesday 02 February 2022 14:54:42 ptilou wrote:
> https://fosdem.org/2022/about/
> on fait du co stand, voiturage, hôtel ?

Oui, du virtual co stand, car, hotel, bed & breakfast...

Mini server hardware for home use NAS purposes

[Christian Britz]

Inspired by my previous attempts to implent NFS on my Synology NAS, I am
thinking about buying a mini server where I install Debian to serve as
file share (SMB and NFS) and DLNA server.

It should fully support Debian Stable, have a low price but be capable
of performing the tasks well, ideally have working WIFI, be silent,
low-power and small.

Do you have any recommendations for me?

Re: Security

[Vincent Lefevre]

On 2022-02-02 13:59:07 +1300, Richard Hector wrote:
> On 2/02/22 00:26, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2022-01-31 01:36:06 +1300, Richard Hector wrote:
> > > On 29/01/22 04:17, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > > > Servers shouldn't have pkexec installed in the first place, anyway.
> > > 
> > > libvirt-daemon-system depends on policykit-1.
> > > 
> > > Should that not be on my (kvm) server either?
> > 
> > I don't need libvirt-daemon-system on my server. And I don't see
> > why it would be needed in general. If I understand correctly,
> > libvirt is used to manage VMs, but what is mostly exposed on the
> > Internet (e.g. as a web server) is the VM itself, which doesn't
> > need libvirt.
> 
> I guess it depends how you define a 'server'. I include the machine that
> hosts my VMs. And I certainly don't restrict it to what's exposed on the
> Internet.

I suppose that such a host runs a limited number of services, e.g.
it is not used as a webserver.

-- 
Vincent Lefèvre  - Web: 
100% accessible validated (X)HTML - Blog: 
Work: CR INRIA - computer arithmetic / AriC project (LIP, ENS-Lyon)

qui y va ?

[ptilou]

slt,

https://fosdem.org/2022/about/

on fait du co stand, voiturage, hôtel ?

merci

— 
ptilou

Re: Printing lots of pages skips a few

[Curt]

On 2022-02-02, mick crane  wrote:
>> 
>> Also I could identify and print those files separately; using "lp
>> ".
>
> May be an issue with the printer reporting it has printed file when it 
> hasn't.  Perhaps try wait between each print instruction.

It would be edifying to examine, at the very least, the actual command
used rather than the substituted "example" command given (for reasons
which escape your corresondant), as well as a list of the files that
failed to print.


> mick
>

Re: Mounting NFS share from Synology NAS

[Christian Britz]

On 2022-02-02 02:01 UTC+0100, Christian Britz wrote:

> Thank you, that was the right hint, the solution to get it work (with
> NFS4 support) with IP based "security" was:

[...]

> Is my assumption right, that I would have to setup a Kerberos server to
> achieve real security?

I am thinking about going the Kerberos path indeed. Sometimes there are
guests on my LAN and I think it is a good opportunity to broaden my
knowledge.

Unfortunately Synology does not ship a Kerberos server and my DS115j
model is not capable of running docker. In the long term, I might
replace the NAS.

Now I am thinking about running the Kerberos server components on my
client. Is it possible at all to run server and client on the same
network interface?

Any hints would be welcome.

Re: Printing lots of pages skips a few

[mick crane]

On 2022-02-02 10:42, Pankaj Jangid wrote:

Klaus Singvogel  writes:


Can you look at the webinterface of CUPS regarding the missing jobs?

http://localhost:631/

-> Printer -> select your default printer (if more) -> finish job (or
similar)


I did that when I discovered that some pages were missing. Nothing 
there

in unfinished jobs.

Also I could identify and print those files separately; using "lp
".



May be an issue with the printer reporting it has printed file when it 
hasn't.

Perhaps try wait between each print instruction.

mick

--
Key ID4BFEBB31

Re: Mounting NFS share from Synology NAS

[gene heskett]

On Wednesday, February 2, 2022 6:49:38 AM EST Anssi Saari wrote:
> Greg Wooledge  writes:
> > I'm unclear on how NFS v4 works.  Everything I've read about it in
> > the
> > past says that you have to set up a user mapping, which is shared by
> > the client and the server.  And that this is *not* optional, and *is*
> > exactly as much of a pain as it sounds.
> 
> I've never done that, as far as I remember. NFS (NFSv4, these days)
> mounts in my home network use autofs but I haven't done anything there
> either specifically for NFS of any verstion. I remember there was some
> weirdness at some point with NFSv4 and I didn't bother with it much. I
> had maybe two computers back then so not much of network. But over the
> years my NFS mounts just became NFSv4.

Sounds like how my network grew, with more cnc'd machines added. But I 
was never able the make MFSv4 Just Work for anything for more than the 
next reboot of one of the machines.  Then I discovered sshfs which Just 
Does anything the user can do, it does not allow root access, but since I 
am the same user number on all machines, I just put whatever needs root 
in a users tmp dir then ssh login to that machine, become root and then 
put the file wherever it needs to go. I can do whatever needs done, to 
any of my machines, currently 7, from a comfy office chair.

> Access for me is by UID. Service is by the kernel driver or in the case
> of zfs, the NFS service it provides. I've thought about setting up
> Kerberos but haven't gotten around to it. One thing is, I don't know
> if Kerberos would work with the NFS service zfs provides? No big deal
> either way though.
> 
> > I'm looking at  for
> > example and there's discussion back and forth on the page about how
> > the user mapping is not working as expected, and try this and that,
> > and see this bug
> 
> It's a wiki by random people. Last updated in 2017, looks like. Did you
> think it has particular relevance to Debian or NFS today?
> 
> .
Stay well all.

Cheers, Gene Heskett.
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: Mounting NFS share from Synology NAS

[Anssi Saari]

Greg Wooledge  writes:

> I'm unclear on how NFS v4 works.  Everything I've read about it in the
> past says that you have to set up a user mapping, which is shared by
> the client and the server.  And that this is *not* optional, and *is*
> exactly as much of a pain as it sounds.

I've never done that, as far as I remember. NFS (NFSv4, these days)
mounts in my home network use autofs but I haven't done anything there
either specifically for NFS of any verstion. I remember there was some
weirdness at some point with NFSv4 and I didn't bother with it much. I
had maybe two computers back then so not much of network. But over the
years my NFS mounts just became NFSv4.

Access for me is by UID. Service is by the kernel driver or in the case
of zfs, the NFS service it provides. I've thought about setting up
Kerberos but haven't gotten around to it. One thing is, I don't know if
Kerberos would work with the NFS service zfs provides? No big deal
either way though.

> I'm looking at  for example
> and there's discussion back and forth on the page about how the user
> mapping is not working as expected, and try this and that, and see this
> bug

It's a wiki by random people. Last updated in 2017, looks like. Did you
think it has particular relevance to Debian or NFS today?

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[didier gaumet]

peut-être y a-t-il une différence si on lance nautilus sous Gnome ou sous un 
autre environnement, je ne sais pas.
voilà ce qui est installé chez moi en rapport avec Nautilus:
didier@hp-notebook14:~$ dpkg -l *nautilus*
Souhait=inconnU/Installé/suppRimé/Purgé/H=à garder
| 
État=Non/Installé/fichier-Config/dépaqUeté/échec-conFig/H=semi-installé/W=attend-traitement-déclenchements
|/ Err?=(aucune)/besoin Réinstallation (État,Err: majuscule=mauvais)
||/ Nom   Version  Architecture Description
+++-=---=
ii  gir1.2-nautilus-3.0:amd64 3.38.2-1+deb11u1 amd64libraries 
for nautilus components - gir bindings
ii  libnautilus-extension1a:amd64 3.38.2-1+deb11u1 amd64libraries 
for nautilus components - runtime version
ii  nautilus  3.38.2-1+deb11u1 amd64file 
manager and graphical shell for GNOME
ii  nautilus-data 3.38.2-1+deb11u1 all  data files 
for nautilus
ii  nautilus-extension-brasero3.12.2-6 amd64CD/DVD 
burning integration for Nautilus
ii  nautilus-extension-burner:amd64   3.0.9-1  amd64CD/DVD 
burning integration for Nautilus
ii  nautilus-extension-gnome-terminal 3.38.3-1 amd64GNOME 
terminal emulator application - Nautilus extension
ii  nautilus-filename-repairer0.2.0-3  amd64Nautilus 
extension for filename encoding repair
ii  nautilus-sendto   3.8.6-3.1amd64easily send 
files via email from within Nautilus
ii  nautilus-share0.7.3-2+b1   amd64Nautilus 
extension to share folder using Samba
un  python-nautilus (aucune 
description n'est disponible)
ii  python3-nautilus  1.2.3-3+b1   amd64Python 
binding for Nautilus components (Python 3 version)
ii  seahorse-nautilus 3.11.92-4amd64Nautilus 
extension for Seahorse integration

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[didier gaumet]

- Oui, "supprimer" c'est supprimer immédiatement sans passer par la corbeille 
(si on veut récupérer ce qui a été supprimé, il faut passer par des outils du 
genre undelete), tandis que "mettre à la corbeille" permet de restaurer les 
éléments qui y sont tant que la corbeille n'est pas vidée
- la fonction "supprimer n'apparaît pas par défaut, il faut régler ça dans les 
paramètres de Nautilus

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[didier gaumet]

Le mercredi 2 février 2022 à 10:40:03 UTC+1, Marc a écrit :
> Bonjour, 
> 
> Dans l'onglet Favoris, clic droit et "démarquer".
> Le 02/02/2022 à 09:52, didier gaumet a écrit : 
> > bonjour, 
> > 
> > tu sélectionnes ce que tu veux mettre en favori et tu fais un clic droit 
> > pour faire apparaître un menu contextuel dans lequel tu cliques sur 
> > "Marquer comme favori". Par contre je n'ai pas trouvé comment supprimer le 
> > favori sans supprimer l'entité... 
> >

Ah, oui, merci, j'avais pas vu. 
ça marche aussi en clic droit sur l'entité à enlever des favoris dans les 
autres vues que "Favoris"

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[Marc]

Effectivement l'entrée de menu "Marquer comme Favori" n'apparait pas 
tout le temps. Ne l'utilisant pas habituellement je n'en sais pas plus.


Le 02/02/2022 à 11:07, elguero eric a écrit :

Le mercredi 2 février 2022, 11:01:49 UTC+1, Olivier  a 
écrit :

Dans mon menu contextuel, je n'ai pas d'entrée "Marquer comme favori".
(J'ai Ouvrir, Couper, Copier, Déplacer vers, Copier vers,  Mettre à la
corbeille, Renommer, Compresser, Propriétés)


pareil chez moi. Quelle est d'ailleurs la différence
entre "mettre à la corbeille" et "supprimer" ?

Eric Elguero

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[Marc]

Pour supprimer complètement (pas de récupération possible) : appuyer sur 
Majuscule+Suppr


Le 02/02/2022 à 11:33, Olivier a écrit :

Je n'ai pas de menu contextuel Supprimer.
Quand je sélectionne Mettre à la corbeille, le fichier sélectionné est
déplacé dans l'emplacement Corbeille et y reste tant que je ne vide
pas la corbeille

Le mer. 2 févr. 2022 à 11:07, elguero eric  a écrit :

Le mercredi 2 février 2022, 11:01:49 UTC+1, Olivier  a 
écrit :

Dans mon menu contextuel, je n'ai pas d'entrée "Marquer comme favori".
(J'ai Ouvrir, Couper, Copier, Déplacer vers, Copier vers,  Mettre à la
corbeille, Renommer, Compresser, Propriétés)


pareil chez moi. Quelle est d'ailleurs la différence
entre "mettre à la corbeille" et "supprimer" ?

Eric Elguero

Re: bulleye et vieille carte graphique nvidia

[Sébastien NOBILI]

Bonjour,

Le 2022-02-01 21:11, Jose CHARTERS a écrit :

Je pense qu'il y a un soucis de paramètrage. Mais comment le modifier
puisqu'il n'y a plus de xorg.conf.


Il n'y en a plus par défaut, mais rien n'empêche d'en créer un pour 
forcer un

élément de conf.

Tu peux créer une conf. par défaut avec cette commande (en tant que 
root) :


X -configure

Le fichier `xorg.conf.new` est créé dans le dossier courant.

Sébastien

Re: Printing lots of pages skips a few

[Pankaj Jangid]

Klaus Singvogel  writes:

> Can you look at the webinterface of CUPS regarding the missing jobs?
>
>   http://localhost:631/
>
> -> Printer -> select your default printer (if more) -> finish job (or
> similar)

I did that when I discovered that some pages were missing. Nothing there
in unfinished jobs.

Also I could identify and print those files separately; using "lp
".

Regards ~Pankaj

Re: Printing lots of pages skips a few

[Pankaj Jangid]

Greg Wooledge  writes:

> I can't help noticing that none of your filenames begin with "pref",
> so none of them actually match the -name pattern that's being given
> to find.  One of the obvious ways you could experience this problem
> is that the "missing" files don't match the pattern you're using.

That "pref" was just an example in the original post. I none of the
files bypassed the pattern.

> Beyond that, perhaps some of the files are empty (either literally
> zero bytes, or they contain only "comments" or metadata that doesn't
> cause the generation of images using ink on paper when printed).
>
> Or... the files aren't readable due to permissions.  Or they're not in
> the directories you think they're in.
>
> Can you identify *which* files aren't being visibly printed?  By process
> of elimination, you should be able to find out.  Pick one of them, and
> analyze the situation.  If it's not an issue with the name, location or
> permissions, then try to open it with a PDF viewer.  If it opens correctly,
> try printing it with "lp".

I could identify and print those files separately later, using "lp
" command.

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[Olivier]

Je n'ai pas de menu contextuel Supprimer.
Quand je sélectionne Mettre à la corbeille, le fichier sélectionné est
déplacé dans l'emplacement Corbeille et y reste tant que je ne vide
pas la corbeille

Le mer. 2 févr. 2022 à 11:07, elguero eric  a écrit :
>
> Le mercredi 2 février 2022, 11:01:49 UTC+1, Olivier  a 
> écrit :
>
> Dans mon menu contextuel, je n'ai pas d'entrée "Marquer comme favori".
> (J'ai Ouvrir, Couper, Copier, Déplacer vers, Copier vers,  Mettre à la
> corbeille, Renommer, Compresser, Propriétés)
>
>
> pareil chez moi. Quelle est d'ailleurs la différence
> entre "mettre à la corbeille" et "supprimer" ?
>
> Eric Elguero
>

Re: "mount -t ntfs" vs "mount.ntfs" ?

[Yvan Masson]

Slightly off-topic question: using pre-5.15 kernel, how can I
mount a
partition with kernel driver?


You can't, the NTFS kernel driver first appeared in Linux 5.15.


  From what I understand, there was a read-only driver before 5.15:
- see for example
https://superuser.com/questions/139452/kernel-ntfs-driver-vs-ntfs-3g
or
https://www.paragon-software.com/us/home/ntfs3-driver-faq/
- kernel build config (/boot/config-) also mentions ntfs, even
for
pre-5.15 kernels


Sorry, you are correct, I was mistaken, it's been in the kernel tree
[1] for over a decade. However I can't find it mentioned in the config
for the Debian kernels on my machine so I'm assuming Debian don't
enable it (I'm looking in /boot/config-5.10.0-11-amd64). But you say
you found in in you kernel configs?

[1] 
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/log/fs/ntfs

My mistake here, sorry :-) Indeed, Debian stable kernel's config does 
not mention NTFS, so my question is off-topic in this mailing list.


For Linux Mint 20.3 LiveCD, kernel is 5.4.0-91.102 from Ubuntu, and its 
config mentions `CONFIG_NTFS=m`. Module is present in 
/lib/modules/5.4.0-91-generic/kernel/fs/. So I should be able to mount 
read-only with this driver, but don't know how.


OpenPGP_signature
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: can't run fvwm

[Pierre Frenkiel]

On Sun, 23 Jan 2022, Pierre Frenkiel wrote:

PS: fvwm suggests using "-replace", but it is useless, as it just gives you a 
new login window


I tried again, and now -replace works.

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[elguero eric]

Le mercredi 2 février 2022, 11:01:49 UTC+1, Olivier  a 
écrit : 

Dans mon menu contextuel, je n'ai pas d'entrée "Marquer comme favori".
(J'ai Ouvrir, Couper, Copier, Déplacer vers, Copier vers,  Mettre à la
corbeille, Renommer, Compresser, Propriétés)


pareil chez moi. Quelle est d'ailleurs la différence
entre "mettre à la corbeille" et "supprimer" ?

Eric Elguero

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[Olivier]

Dans mon menu contextuel, je n'ai pas d'entrée "Marquer comme favori".
(J'ai Ouvrir, Couper, Copier, Déplacer vers, Copier vers,  Mettre à la
corbeille, Renommer, Compresser, Propriétés)

Faut-il ajouter un greffon pour obtenir cette entrée ?

Le mer. 2 févr. 2022 à 10:18, didier gaumet  a écrit :
>
> bonjour,
>
> tu sélectionnes ce que tu veux mettre en favori et tu fais un clic droit pour 
> faire apparaître un menu contextuel dans lequel tu cliques sur "Marquer comme 
> favori". Par contre je n'ai pas trouvé comment supprimer le favori sans 
> supprimer l'entité...
>

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[Marc]

Bonjour,

Dans l'onglet Favoris, clic droit et "démarquer".


Le 02/02/2022 à 09:52, didier gaumet a écrit :

bonjour,

tu sélectionnes ce que tu veux mettre en favori et tu fais un clic droit pour faire 
apparaître un menu contextuel dans lequel tu cliques sur "Marquer comme 
favori". Par contre je n'ai pas trouvé comment supprimer le favori sans supprimer 
l'entité...

Re: Gnome Fichiers: comment utiliser le signet Favoris

[didier gaumet]

bonjour,

tu sélectionnes ce que tu veux mettre en favori et tu fais un clic droit pour 
faire apparaître un menu contextuel dans lequel tu cliques sur "Marquer comme 
favori". Par contre je n'ai pas trouvé comment supprimer le favori sans 
supprimer l'entité...  

Re: bulleye et vieille carte graphique nvidia

[didier gaumet]

- Ta carte (c'est un type NV46, famille NV40) semble bien supportée par
le pilote "nouveau", sauf la gestion de l'alimentation. Si c'est comme
je le suppose un desktop plutoôt qu'un laptop, tu peux essayer de
désactiver les options d'économie d"énergie
(suspend/hibernate/resume/screensaver...) pour voir
- la page "nouveau" du wiki Archlinux donne quelques pistes: vérifier
que libgl1-mesa-glx (dans Debian ça doit être ce paquet qui compte, je
pense) est installé sinon l'installer, désactiver les options de
composition du WM/DE, vérifier qu'il n'y a pas d'option Grub/kernel qui
interdisent l'emploi de KMS, problèmes MSI, comment augmenter la
verbosité des erreurs, etc...
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Hardware_video_acceleration

Re : bulleye et vieille carte graphique nvidia

[nicolas . patrois]

Le 01/02/2022 21:11:30, Jose CHARTERS a écrit :
> Bonsoir,

> Le soucis vient lorsque je me connecte à mon compte. Sous lightdm pas
> de soucis, l'affichage est correcte.

> Par contre, lorsque il affiche mon bureau, c'est illisible et 
> inutilisable. J'ai un écran avec des lignes horizontales, un peu à la 
> mode Canal +. En faisant attention, j'ai l'impression que ce qui est 
> affiché, est bien mon bureau, sauf que les lignes sont trop grandes
> trop petites, et que cela crée un décalage dans l'affichage des lignes.

> Ma carte graphique est une vieille nvidia, Geforce 7200 GS.

[…]

> J'ai essayé de mettre les drivers de chez Nvidia, l'affichage est 
> lisible mais dans un mode style 800x600. J'ai utilisé l'utilitaire 
> nvidia-detect, et celui ci me dit :

> Detected NVIDIA GPUs:
> 04:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation G72 
> [GeForce 7200 GS / 7300 SE] [10de:01d3] (rev a1)

> Checking card:  NVIDIA Corporation G72 [GeForce 7200 GS / 7300 SE]
> (rev a1)
> Your card is only supported by the 304 legacy drivers series, which is
> only available up to stretch.

> Donc, je pense qu'avec les drivers Nvidia, j'ai un mode par défaut et 
> pas du tout, les drivers proposés.

Il faut bien choisir la version du pilote :

> aptitude search nvidia|grep dkms
p  nvidia-legacy-340xx-kernel-dkms - NVIDIA binary kernel module DKMS source 
(340xx legacy version)
i A nvidia-legacy-390xx-kernel-dkms - NVIDIA binary kernel module DKMS source 
(390xx legacy version)

Essaie de voir quelle version convient, normalement tu peux le savoir à l’aide 
du paquet nvidia-detect.

nicolas patrois : pts noir asocial
-- 
RÉALISME

M : Qu'est-ce qu'il nous faudrait pour qu'on nous considère comme des humains ? 
Un cerveau plus gros ?
P : Non... Une carte bleue suffirait...