Re: Inclusive terminology (instead of master/slave) for network bonding/LACP

[Will Mengarini]

* Mariusz Gronczewski  [24-02/23=Fr 10:33 +0100]:
>>> It's entirely US political feel-good activism that
>>> doesn't change anything but wastes people's time.  Do
>>> you actually think pressing on brake pedal oppresses
>>> anybody?  Because it also has master and slave cylinders.
>>>
>>> All it does is wastes tens of thousands of people's time
>>> once they have to fix every script, tool and doc piece
>>> related to it, for absolutely no benefit aside from making
>>> some Twitter activist happy "they did something".  It would
>>> *literally* break every single script that [...]

* Alain D D Williams  [24-02/23=Fr 10:07 +]:
>> It is "fixing" an issue for today's English speakers.  Should
>> we scour our systems looking for similar issues in other
>> languages?  Then in, say, 20 years time when different words
>> will then be considered offensive, by some, do this all again?

* Emanuel Berg  [24-03/15=Fr 01:42 +0100]:
> Remember, there are A LOT of words and expressions
> we don't use anymore, and that's good, as
> they are offensive and disrespectful. [...]
>
> [...]
>
> Maybe one should just focus on a few words and expressions that
> are clearly offensive, and remove them from schools, universities,
> public service TV, all official state-related communication, etc.
>
> With no intention of ever creating a 100% offensive-free language,
> removing the worst offenders from the scene often is enough.

Words I find offensive include "authority" and "manager", so checking
`apropos authori manager` I see we have a lot of important work to do.

We also need to do something about book titles like "Mastering $Foo".

Seriously, you humans have only another five billion Earth years until
your sun engulfs your home planet, and you're spending time on *THIS*?!

Re: Useful Unix compatible commands

[Will Mengarini]

* Jonathan Matthew Gresham  [24-02/25=Su 16:01 -0500]:
> [...] I have been reading a Unix system administrators textbook.
> ps -e
> [...]
> kill process
> [...]
> ls -R
> [...]
> If you know any more that can work on GNU compatible software or
> Unix compatible software please indicate the commands in your reply.

This is a decent introduction to the important commands:

https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-linux-commands-handbook/

Re: Does "LC_ALL=C" work on all shells?

[Will Mengarini]

> On Tue, Feb 13, 2024 at 09:47:38PM +0100, Franco Martelli wrote:
>> ~# LC_ALL=C apt install
>> [... works on ...] all shells other than bash? csh, korn, dash, zsh ...

* Greg Wooledge  [24-02/13=Tu 15:59 -0500]:
> [...] all the Bourne family shells [...]
>
> In csh, you need to use env.  Like this:
>
> % env LC_ALL=C apt install
>
> This works in all shells, at the cost of being slightly less efficient.

* Nicolas George  [24-02/13=Tu 22:04 +0100]:
> No, ( setenv var something ; command ) works with csh.

What Greg posted also works, because it's an
invocation of the 'env' command, not csh syntax.

What you posted also works, but it runs the command in a subshell of
csh, so I doubt it gains efficiency over running the command under env.

Re: script/history

[Will Mengarini]

* Gareth Evans  [24-02/04=Su 09:46 +]:
> Re the script command, does anyone know of a way to make
> commands run during a script session appear in bash history too?

You want the 'history -r' command, "explained" by `help history`.

After you end the script, you're back in the bash instance you ran
'script' from.  When you ended the script & therefore the bash being run
in that script, that bash wrote its commands to ~/.bash_history; but
the bash you're running, which is the one you ran script from, hasn't
read that ~/.bash_history.  Running 'history -r' will cause it to do so.

BTW I've got some kind of email configuration problem that usually
prevents me from posting to debian-user, even though I can usually
email individual users.  Gareth, if you get this, and it's the correct
solution to your original problem, perhaps you could post it to the
list; this email is CCd to debian-user, but I expect the CC to bounce.

Re: EPSON ET M 1120 new printer: If You can read this, you are using the wrong driver

[Will Mengarini]

* Schwibinger Michael  [23-05/14=Sun 09:32 +]:
> This is not working:
> https://tutorialforlinux.com/2021/03/06/step-by-step-driver-epson-et-m1100-et-m1120-ubuntu-20-04-installation/2/

We need to know what fails.  Exactly what do
you do, and what results does it produce?

On Sun, May 07, 2023 at 08:51:29AM -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
>> How on earth would we know whether the
>> messages are important without seeing them?
>
> [...]
>
> OK.  I'm going to have one more go at this. [...]

And once again, and wiser in no wise,
I chase your colored phantom on the air,
And sob and curse and fall and weep and rise
And stumble pitifully on to where,
Miserable and lost, with stinging eyes,
Once more I clasp -- and there is nothing there.
-- Edna St Vincent Millay

  /* return TRUE if the monster tends to revive */
  #define is_reviver(ptr) (is_rider(ptr) || (ptr)->mlet == S_TROLL)
-- https://nethackwiki.com/wiki/Source:NetHack_3.6.1/include/mondata.h

Re: shell script run in backend

[Will Mengarini]

* Tom Reed  [23-05/14=Sun 14:21 +0800]:
> I have a long run shell script [...].  Currently the script
> is running in front-end in shell.  How can I run it with
> the backend way? Can I register it as a system service?

Just run 'myScript&' (the trailing '&' tells the shell to
run it in the background) if there is no terminal output
from the running script (terminal output will pause it); if
there is, enclose the content of the script in redirection of
standard output and standard error to a log file, or code a
system service as Jeremy Ardley suggests in a different reply.

Re: EPSON ET M 1120 new printer: If You can read this, you are using the wrong driver

[Will Mengarini]

* Brian  [23-05/08=Mo 00:27 +0100]:
>   https://download3.ebz.epson.net/dsc/f/03/00/14/48/15/1d37501ad39bd2b5753 \
> cce3b2715b3e2fef557/epson-inkjet-printer-escpr_1.7.26-1lsb3.2_amd64.deb

That includes a literal space in the middle of that hash
(because the space before the backslash is taken literally).

However, when I removed that space by hand, I still got "not found":

debian/pts/3 bash3 ~ 17:03 0$HEAD 
https://download3.ebz.epson.net/dsc/f/03/00/14/48/15/1d37501ad39bd2b5753cce3b2715b3e2fef557/epson-inkjet-printer-escpr_1.7.26-1lsb3.2_amd64.deb
404 Not Found
Connection: close
Date: Mon, 08 May 2023 00:03:43 GMT
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Server: AkamaiNetStorage
Content-Length: 10
Client-Date: Mon, 08 May 2023 00:03:43 GMT
Client-Peer: 104.117.232.95:443
Client-Response-Num: 1
Client-SSL-Cert-Issuer: /C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/CN=DigiCert TLS RSA SHA256 2020 CA1
Client-SSL-Cert-Subject: /C=JP/ST=Nagano/L=Suwa-shi/O=SEIKO EPSON 
Corporation/CN=download2.ebz.epson.net
Client-SSL-Cipher: ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
Client-SSL-Socket-Class: IO::Socket::SSL
Client-SSL-Version: TLSv1_2


(HEAD is symlinked to /usr/bin/lwp-request, from package libwww-perl.)

Re: my immature thoughts on perl

[Will Mengarini]

* cor...@free.fr  [23-04/04=Tu 10:35 +0800]:
> For instance, in ruby (irb) this is quite smooth:
> irb(main):001:0> [1,2,3,4].map{|x|x+1}.reduce{|x,y|x+y}
> => 14
>
> And in scala (shell):
> scala> List(1,2,3,4).map{ _+1 }.reduce{_+_}
> res1: Int = 14

> In perl there is no interactive shell [...]

perl -le 'print eval $_ while <>'

> In perl [...] the block statement seems strange:
> $ perl -le '@x=(1,2,3,4); $sum+=$_ for( map {$_+1} @x );print $sum'
> 14

perl -le '@x=(1..4); print eval join "+", map $_+1, @x'

Too bad this is two days late, but Perl is an April 1 kind of language.

Re: Cannot rum multiple command on remote machine via SSH

[Will Mengarini]

* Greg Wooledge  [23-02/04=Sa 10:15 -0500]:
> Is LAP2 a Debian system, or something else?

OP said LAP2 is Debian stable.

Re: Touchpad synaptics changes name after resume

[Will Mengarini]

* Ottavio Caruso  [22-12/03=Sa 10:37 +]:
> $ uname -a
> Linux t440 6.0.0-0.deb11.2-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian
> 6.0.3-1~bpo11+1 (2022-10-29) x86_64 GNU/Linux
>
> I have two scripts that enable/disable touchpad
> [running the commands]
> xinput enable "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad"
> xinput disable "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad"
>
> The problem is that xinput(1) changes the
> name of the touchpad every now and again:
>
> $ dmesg| grep -i synaptics |grep "as /devices"
> [463340.358242] input: Synaptics TM2722-001 as
> /devices/pci:00/:00:1f.3/i2c-0/0-002c/rmi4-00/input/input319
> [505228.803682] input: SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad as
> /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input335
> [505234.019989] input: SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad as
> /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input338
>
> [...]

Can $(xinput --list) tell you the current name of the device?
You may have to grep for "Synaptics" in the output.

Re: MUD

[Will Mengarini]

* Greg Wooledge  [22-10/13=Th 08:03 -0400]:
>> Originally, Multi-User Dungeon.
>> 
>> http://catb.org/esr/jargon/html/M/MUD.html
>> 
>> The one that I saw was set up as a sort of user-extensible text
>> adventure setting.  I don't know how they've evolved since then.

* mick.crane  [22-10/13=Th 14:30 +0100]:
> "up"
> "you cannot go that way"
> "drop cloak".
> "Your wings unfurl"

This looks like a few minutes of fun:
https://github.com/SlimeQ/mud-shell

Re: sigc++ library missing object.h file

[Will Mengarini]

* Greg Wooledge  [22-10/08=Sa 12:45 -0400]:
>
> I did a google search and came up with
> 
> which says:
>
> [...] Remove the sigc++/object.h header [...] Because it now contains no API
> See https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=752560#c6
>
> [...] That site also claims that sigc++/object.h
> contains no functional code, but warns that removing it
> would break applications which happen to include it.
>
> [...] you've already tried commenting out the #include [...]

So since the old object.h no longer contained anything useful, how
about leaving the #include present in the code, but creating a new
object.h that contains nothing but comments referring to this thread?

Re: question re tar

[Will Mengarini]

* jr  [22-09/18=Su 12:59 +0100]:
> When I create an archive with '-cvWf' I'm used to finding only the files
> specified, but every time I use 'tar' on this Debian, there is a "link" for
> each and every file.  Why?  eg:
> -rw--- jr/jr 256 2022-06-1  22:10 .config/pulse/cookie
> hrw--- jr/jr   0 2022-06-12 22:10 .config/pulse/cookie link to
> .config/pulse/cookie

Note that the file-type character "h" (the leftmost character in your
second line of output) isn't documented in
,
which is presumably the most recent documentation.  So I wonder
whether there's some new feature that's not being correctly handled.

I'm not aware that ext$i filesystems can distinguish hard
links from original names.  If some other filesystems can
do so (and if these are hard links), then it's possible
some subsystem is "helping" you by secretly creating these
links to enable data recovery after accidental deletion.

Re: determining hotkeys for a program, without a manual?

[Will Mengarini]

* Karen Lewellen  [22-08/21=Sun 13:30 -0400]:
> I have a DOS utility [...].  Is there any simple way
> to review the program code and discover 2 hot keys?

Try running the binary through the 'strings' command to see
whether there's any in-program documentation that helps:
strings $pathToBinary|less

Re: Mail Transfer Agent

[Will Mengarini]

Eskimo.com is $7/month for mail + Linux shell access
(multiple servers, various distributions including Debian).

* Polyna-Maude Racicot-Summerside 
  [22-08/21=Su 02:36 -0400]:
> Hi,
> I'm having problem with my actuel email provider (the one that goes with
> my web hosting plan). It deals badly with mailing list and now has
> started to having delivery problem to email hosted by outlook.com . I
> believe their email server (SMTP) are being badly flagged.
>
> As many of you are long term server and TI operator, would you have any
> suggestion for a service ?
>
> I don't want to pay a huge fee as I don't send much email. Maybe 10-20
> per day at most.
>
> I was looking on Postmark because it seems to have a good delivery ranking.
>
> I'd like a good email provider, as I ain't sure this (Postmark) will fix
> all my delivery problem. Would it be better to get a paying plain with
> Protonmail, who do offer a plan with IMAP/SMTP ?
>
> Thanks
> -- 
> Polyna-Maude R.-Summerside
> -Be smart, Be wise, Support opensource development

Re: nft newbie

[Will Mengarini]

* gene heskett  [22-07/06=We 18:50 -0400]:
> [...] iptables is out of support, replaced I
> guess with nft.  [...] whats the command to [...]
>
> The man page while quite voluminus is as
> usual mostly bereft of useful examples.


has various examples.

 is an
HTML version of the man page, which is easier to navigate, at least.


 may also be helpful.

Perl CPAN Catch-22 + ADHD (was: How's ...)

[Will Mengarini]

* Weaver  [22-07/04=Mo 00:43 -0700]:
>>> ... your day going?

* Will Mengarini  [22-07/04=Mo 07:50 -0700]:
>> Hairier than Gene Heskett's nostrils, because "up"grading Perl
>> from 5.8.8 to 5.34.1 [caused a kind of failure normally fixed
>> using the Perl module CPAN, but this time the failure caused
>> CPAN itself to fail early enough that it can't fix *itself*.]

* Dan Ritter  [22-07/04=Mo 11:34 -0400]:
> Bullseye comes with 5.32.x; is there a reason that won't work for you?

This is a 32-bit frankenlinux that's so old that even the 5.8.8 I was
upgrading *from* wasn't available in any compatible package repository;
I had to build *that* from source 9 years ago.  At least back then I
was able to apt-get source perl-suid; this time, I used the vanilla
5.34.1 tarball, and only after I'd built it did I realize how heavily
the Debian source for 5.8.8 had been patched with new directories on
@INC.  At first I thought I could fix that by hacking /etc/profile and
/etc/X11/Xsession, but as I kept studying the startup process I realized
that even /usr/bin/screen is in /etc/shells, along with /bin/sash and
/bin/es (which is actually interesting), so I had to say to hell with it,
wait out the heat wave, and build the whole thing *again* just to get
a Debian-compatible @INC.  Only *then* did I find out about broken CPAN.
Bullseye's package repository is as far out of reach as Tau Ceti.

* Dan Ritter  [22-07/04=Mo 11:34 -0400]:
> CPAN is a repository for Perl modules [...] but in general
> using the Debian dh-make-perl package to pull a CPAN
> module and convert it into a .deb will make you happiest.

That fails because of the same Catch-22: dh-make-perl *depends*
on CPAN, and CPAN *itself* is broken.  All dh-make-perl does
is wrap CPAN to integrate it with the Debian package system.
But CPAN itself can't update any modules including itself.

Any CPAN wrapper, such as dh-make-perl, will be unable to run,
because CPAN itself can't run: it die()s (a fatal internal failure)
during its initial configuration, because it depends on installed
compiled modules that are no longer compatible with 5.34.1, but
that can't be recompiled because recompiling them is CPAN's job.

At <https://metacpan.org/dist/DhMakePerl/view/dh-make-perl>
is the enormous list of compiled modules on which dh-make-perl
depends (including CPAN), cheerfully ending with "and possibly
others".  The whole thing is based on Perl modules, and the
only Perl that actually *works* now is the core executable!

S, I could theoretically reimplement CPAN purely in core Perl; but
that's risky, because there's always a possibility that what I think
is core Perl on which I can rely is actually also broken.  It makes
more sense to use another language completely.  Ruby?  Tcl?  Sure ...
but the best choice is actually the one we *know* will *always* be
available to anybody in the same predicament on a frankendebian: Bash.

* Will Mengarini  [22-07/04=Mo 07:50 -0700]:
>> Somebody needs to reimplement CPAN in Bash just so we can bootstrap a
>> totally broken Perl without needing to run out and buy a new computer.

At first it sounds crazy, because, well ... Bash?!  But think
broadly about what BedPAN needs to do for each broken module: (1)
wget the source code from some mirror; (2) compile it by running
the same command that CPAN would've run (to find which I can RTFS);
(3) test it (again, RTFS); and, if it passed, (4) install it.

* Will Mengarini  [22-07/04=Mo 07:50 -0700]:
>> I mean, how hard can it be (assuming you grok what CPAN
>> actually *does*, which I don't yet, and know Bash, which
>> I know just enough of to make Greg Wooledge hate me)?

Steps 1 & 2 are each extremely complex processes, but each is completely
encapsulated in a standard POSIX utility that does not depend on Perl
and that is available on practically every non-embedded GNU/Linux
system.  Invoking utilities like that is what shell code is *for*.

Step 3 invokes the output of step 2.  Step 4 uses commands
like mv, parameterized with shell variables set inside the
BedPAN script where the user can easily edit them.  Assuming
I have to code BedPAN myself, I'll probably just use sudo
and not bother to support su, unless somebody complains.

Those 4 steps would themselves be wrapped in a monadic function
defined in BedPAN; its argument would be the name of the module
to install.  A different monadic function would have run first,
checking whether the module *needed* to be upgraded.  (I'm not sure the
best way to do that is by checking a mirror for the latest version;
maybe it'd be better to run a local test, and accept the module in
its older version if it passes its own test.  I don't know yet.)

Those 2 monadic functions would have been invoked from an outer loop
that iterated through an array of modules that might need recompilation.
The list needs to include every module that CPAN depends o

Re: How's ...

[Will Mengarini]

* Weaver  [22-07/04=Mo 00:43 -0700]:
> ... your day going?

Hairier than Gene Heskett's nostrils, because "up"grading Perl from
5.8.8 to 5.34.1 had a fine `make test`, then installed a CPAN that's
so broken it abends before it finishes its own Configure, thereby
making it impossible to upgrade anything else, and leaving the new Perl
unrunnable because compiled modules keep reporting missing symbols
and abending, because they need to be recompiled, which is what CPAN
is *for*, and of course it can't do that, because it too depends on
compiled modules that cause it to abend before it can recompile them.

I have the old Perl in /usr/bin with its old CPAN, which might
run, but if I try it and *THAT* breaks, suddenly I no longer have
any working Perl.  So I'm reading source code to try to figure out
what needs to be done and how to do it by hand, interleaved with
reading stuff like https://perl-begin.org/topics/cpan/life-with-cpan/
that warns me not to follow CPAN's *own* recommendations about
what to install ... not sure why not yet ... but it seems like
that documentation believes the latest version of CPAN is safe
from the bugs it's warning against ... but of course the latest
version is the one that abends before it even gets out of bed.

Somebody needs to reimplement CPAN in Bash just so we can bootstrap a
totally broken Perl without needing to run out and buy a new computer.
I mean, how hard can it be (assuming you grok what CPAN actually
*does*, which I don't yet, and know Bash, which I know just enough
of to make Greg Wooledge hate me)?  Never mind reading the Configure
hash, just parameterize the script with shell variables the user
can hand-edit: an array of mirrors, an array of modules to build,
etc.  Make that shell script so simple it's its own documentation.

Hmm ... make it idempotent, by having it know how to check whether
a module is up-to-date and NOP if so.  That way, modules can be added
to the array until the result has updated enough modules that CPAN
itself can run, after which it can get out of bed and go to work.

Because this is probably the best solution I will actually probably
end up doing it myself unless somebody who has already done it can
point me to a published script.  It's so obvious that it's probably
been done this way a dozen times over the decades, but the reason
it's not easily findable (I did Google 'reimplement cpan in bash',
finding nothing useful) is the same reason Perl documentation is in
a general state of desuetude.  I couldn't even find a decent Perl
mailing list to lurk on; I'm lurking on perl-beginners, but there's
been nothing there since I subscribed but some Mordorsoft stuff.

For extra fun, I have to interrupt soon because I *JUST* found out
that my physician is retiring EIGHT DAYS from today, I'm ADHD and
have already run out of methylphenidate, and that physician has been
my only source; the only one I know in the Seattle area who isn't
intimidated by a medically-competent client or offended that I consider
my own body to be my property and not that of the physicians' guild.

So, how's ...

-- 
... your day going?  perl -le"print unpack '%C*',MENGARINI"

Re: Problem with csh

[Will Mengarini]

On Sat, Jul 02, 2022 at 01:18:08PM -0400, Stephen P. Molnar wrote:
 comp@AbNormal:~$ csh
 Bad : modifier in $ '/'.

On Sat, Jul 02, 2022 at 03:31:12PM -0400, Bijan Soleymani wrote:
>> Quick Google search shows it is an issue with the syntax of defining
>> environment variables:
>> https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40968061/bad-modifier-in

* Greg Wooledge  [22-07/02=Sa 15:41 -0400]:
> That still requires some command to have been executed.  Since Stephen
> didn't even run a command yet, that means he has to have created a
> bogus dot file (e.g. ~/.cshrc) containing the invalid csh command.

There could be an error in a system-wide init file.  He
says this is a fresh Bullseye, but not that he's the
sysadmin who set it up, and he's in an academic environment.

On a Manjaro system that I don't administer I saw the line
  set -r autologout 86400
which should be
  set -r autologout = 86400
and after the sysadmin fixed it, a Manjaro update broke it again.

Because csh gets little use nowadays, it's possible there's
something wrong in Debian's init files too (not the set -r error
though, because that gives a different error message), though I
assume that whatever is wrong would need to be on a code path
not followed for most testing.  That seems plausible, since the
behavior of startup files could depend on hardware configuration.

Re: stopping job before shutdown.

[Will Mengarini]

* mick crane  [22-06/29=We 13:31 +0100]:
>>> [...] when turning off PC with power button
>>> there is the message, "stopping job" [...]

* gene heskett  [22-06/29=We 09:08 -0400]:
>> That method of stopping the pc is quite dangerous [...]

* to...@tuxteam.de  [22-06/29=We 16:46 +0200]:
> [...] the button triggers an orderly shutdown (otherwise
> the PC wouldn't get a chance to output a message) [...]

I feel old.

http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/B/Big-Red-Switch.html

Re: I *think* I found the apache2 docs, but it's in .html and I cannot get firefox to access it using "file:"+ /path/to/filedir

[Will Mengarini]

* gene heskett  [22-06/21=Tu 11:55 -0400]:
> [Apache2 docs are in .html & Firefox won't access it using "file:"+
> /path/to/filedir, so] how am I supposed to read these installed docs?

Firefox disables file: URLs by default now, but you can enable them.

I found instructions by Googling 'firefox file: URLs'; the first hit
looked good.  The nuance is that you have to be able to find your
profile folder, which has a weird randomized name.  Links:

https://blog.scottlowe.org/2020/04/04/making-file-urls-work-again-in-firefox/
http://kb.mozillazine.org/Profile_folder_-_Firefox

Let us know if the instructions you Google up are insufficient.

> "There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
>  soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."

There are FIVE boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
search, soap, ballot, jury, and ammo.

-- 
 Will Mengarini  
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.

Re: Bash and the PS1 environment variable [was: grep: show matching line from pattern file]

[Will Mengarini]

* David Christensen  [22-06/02=Th 19:18 -0700]:
> [...]
> Now I can almost match your prompt -- there is a dash before 'bash':
>
> 2022-06-02 19:05:10 dpchrist@laalaa ~
> $ PS1="\\h/${TTY#/dev/} \\s$SHLVL \\w \\A \$?\\\$"
> laalaa/pts/8 -bash1 ~ 19:08 0$
>
> The dash seems to be coming from the '\s' bash(1) -> PROMPTING ->
> backslash-escaped special characters:
>
> 2022-06-02 19:12:58 dpchrist@laalaa ~
> $ PS1="\\s"
> -bash

The dash indicates you're running a login shell.  That's useful
information, because a login shell is initialized differently.
See section INVOCATION in `man bash`.

You see in the rendered prompt it says "-bash1"; "1" is $SHLVL.
If you run another bash from inside that bash, and again set PS1
as you did above, you should see "bash2" instead of "-bash1".

Re: Bash and the PS1 environment variable [was: grep: show matching line from pattern file]

[Will Mengarini]

* David Christensen  [22-06/02=Th 18:01 -0700]:
>On 6/2/22 17:12, Will Mengarini wrote:
>> * David Christensen [22-06/02=Th 15:50 -0700]:
>>> On 6/2/22 15:13, Will Mengarini wrote:
>
>>>> In this transcript, the number before the prompt-ending '$' is $?:
>>>> 
>>>> debian/pts/4 bash3 ~ 14:56 0$perl -e 'open "gweeblefleep" || die'
>>>> debian/pts/4 bash3 ~ 14:57 0$perl -e 'open "gweeblefleep" or die'
>>>> Died at -e line 1.
>>>> debian/pts/4 bash3 ~ 14:57 2$
>>>> 
>>>
>>> What is your shell?  PS1?
>>
>> The shell is Bash 5.1.4.
>> PS1="\\h/${TTY#/dev/} \\s$SHLVL \\w \\A \$?\\\$"
>
> Interesting.
>
> This is my daily driver:
>
> 2022-06-02 17:38:55 dpchrist@laalaa ~
> $ cat /etc/debian_version ; uname -a ; dpkg-query -W bash
> 11.3
> Linux laalaa 5.10.0-14-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.113-1 (2022-04-29) x86_64
> GNU/Linux
> bash  5.1-2+b3
>
> This is my PS1. '\u' does not work on all of Debian, FreeBSD,
> Cygwin, and macOS, so the expansion of ${USER} is inserted
> between two string literals when .profile runs and sets PS1:
>
> 2022-06-02 17:39:09 dpchrist@laalaa ~
> $ grep PS1 .profile
> export PS1='\n\D{%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S} '${USER}'@\h \w\n\$ '
> #export PS1='\n\D{%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S} \u@\h \w\n\$ '
>
> Testing your PS1:
>
> 2022-06-02 17:45:03 dpchrist@laalaa ~
> $ PS1="\\h/${TTY#/dev/} \\s$SHLVL \\w \\A \$?\\\$"
> laalaa/ -bash1 ~ 17:45 0$
>
> The snippet '${TTY#/dev/}' seems to produce ' -' on my computer.
> How does your computer produce 'pts/4 ' and what does it mean?

'pts/4' is an abbreviation of '/dev/pts/4', pseudoterminal 4.

TTY is `tty`; it's been so long I'd forgotten that's not available in
all shells.  You should have the 'tty' program; it's in coreutils.

> Is there a reason why you are using
> double quotes, rather than single quotes?

So I can interpolate stuff like ${TTY#/dev/}.  In your case,
you'll need to set TTY=`tty` before setting PS1, so Bash
can use string substitution to remove '/dev/' from it.

Re: grep: show matching line from pattern file

[Will Mengarini]

* David Christensen  [22-06/02=Thu 15:50 -0700]:
> On 6/2/22 15:13, Will Mengarini wrote:
>> * Greg Wooledge  [22-05/28=Sa 17:11 -0400]:
>>> [...]
>>> #!/usr/bin/perl
>>> use strict; use warnings;
>>> [...]
>>> open PATS, ">> [...]
>>
>> You need "or die", not "|| die", because of precedence: what you coded
>> checks whether "> wanted to check whether the result of open() is logically true.
>
> +1  That is a good explanation of a Perl fine point/ gotcha.
>
>> In this transcript, the number before the prompt-ending '$' is $?:
>> 
>> debian/pts/4 bash3 ~ 14:56 0$perl -e 'open "gweeblefleep" || die'
>> debian/pts/4 bash3 ~ 14:57 0$perl -e 'open "gweeblefleep" or die'
>> Died at -e line 1.
>> debian/pts/4 bash3 ~ 14:57 2$
>> 
>
> What is your shell?  PS1?

The shell is Bash 5.1.4.  My PS1 is constructed by an elaborate script
that's old enough to have sex in Thailand, but you can get the effect
of what I posted by setting PS1 with the line

PS1="\\h/${TTY#/dev/} \\s$SHLVL \\w \\A \$?\\\$"

assuming you're running at least Bash 2.05a.  You may prefer

PS1="\\h/${TTY#/dev/} \\s^$SHLVL \\w \\A \$?\\\$"
.

My original script was coded for Bash 1.4.7, and had to do

PS1="\\h${TTY#/dev/} \\s$SHLVL \\w \`s=\$?;date +%H:%M;exit \$s\` \$?\\\$"

because \A wasn't available, so 'date' had to be run in a subshell
that needed to take care to save and restore $?.  (The variable
it uses for that, s, goes away when the subshell does; and that
scary-looking exit just exits the subshell, resetting $?.)

-- 
 Will Mengarini  
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.
   sh -c 'echo -n MENGARINI|sum -s|colrm 4'

Re: grep: show matching line from pattern file

[Will Mengarini]

* Greg Wooledge  [22-05/28=Sa 17:11 -0400]:
> [...] 
> #!/usr/bin/perl
> use strict; use warnings;
> [...] 
> open PATS, " [...] 

You need "or die", not "|| die", because of precedence: what you coded
checks whether "
perl -le"print unpack '%C*',MENGARINI"

Re: Recommendations for a home server running Debian Bullseye (11)?

[Will Mengarini]

* Tom Browder  [22-04/27=We 05:50 -0500]:
> I really appreciate all the advice, but I am
> not going to build from scratch again [...].

Just in case anybody's discouraged that the OP won't build from
scratch, I just want to say /I/ found this thread valuable too.

Where do you all buy parts?  Alternatives to Newegg?

-- 
 Will Mengarini  
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.

Re: simple talking clock / reminder for when monitor is off and it is dark

[Will Mengarini]

* Samuel Wales  [22-03/20=Su 23:03 -0700]:
> [...] i want debian to tell me the time at certain times.

Nobody has yet mentioned the festival package, which is a full
text-to-speech system.  Once you have that installed, you can use
cron or at jobs to speak whatever you want at specific times.

Re: bashrc problem

[Will Mengarini]

* Yamada???  [22-01/12=We 20:10 +0800]:
> Do you mean if .bash_profile exists, .bashrc will be ignored?

Sometimes.  From `man bash`:
  When bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a
  non-interactive shell with the --login option, it first reads
  and executes commands from the file /etc/profile, if that file
  exists.  After reading that file, it looks for ~/.bash_profile,
  ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile, in that order, and reads and
  executes commands from the first one that exists and is readable.
  [...]
  When an interactive shell that is not a login shell
  is started, bash reads and executes commands from
  /etc/bash.bashrc and ~/.bashrc, if these files exist.

* Yamada???  [22-01/12=We 19:49 +0800]:
>>> I have a .bashrc file in my home dir, whose content is shown as follows.
>>> But every time I log into the system, I have to source this file by hand.
>>>
>>> $ which scala
>>> /usr/bin/scala
>>>
>>> $ cat .bashrc
>>> #THIS MUST BE AT THE END OF THE FILE FOR SDKMAN TO WORK!!!
>>> export SDKMAN_DIR="$HOME/.sdkman"
>>> [[ -s "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh" ]] && source \
>>>   "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"
>>>
>>> $ . .bashrc
>>> $ which scala
>>> /home/xxx/.sdkman/candidates/scala/current/bin/scala
>>>
>>> How can I make it take effect automatically after I login the system?

On Wed, Jan 12, 2022 at 8:07 PM Will Mengarini  wrote:
>>
>> Check whether you have either ~/.bash_profile or ~/.profile.
>>
>> If ~/.bash_profile, the line
>>   . ~/.bashrc
>> will suffice.
>>
>> If ~/.profile, use
>>   # if running bash
>>   if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then
>>   # include .bashrc if it exists
>>   if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
>>   . ~/.bashrc
>>   fi
>>   fi
>> in case you someday want to try other shells.

Re: bashrc problem

[Will Mengarini]

* Yamada???  [22-01/12=We 19:49 +0800]:
> I have a .bashrc file in my home dir, whose content is shown as follows.
> But every time I log into the system, I have to source this file by hand.
> 
> $ which scala
> /usr/bin/scala
> 
> $ cat .bashrc
> #THIS MUST BE AT THE END OF THE FILE FOR SDKMAN TO WORK!!!
> export SDKMAN_DIR="$HOME/.sdkman"
> [[ -s "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh" ]] && source \
>   "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"
> 
> $ . .bashrc
> $ which scala
> /home/xxx/.sdkman/candidates/scala/current/bin/scala
> 
> How can I make it take effect automatically after I login the system?

Check whether you have either ~/.bash_profile or ~/.profile.

If ~/.bash_profile, the line
  . ~/.bashrc
will suffice.

If ~/.profile, use
  # if running bash
  if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then
  # include .bashrc if it exists
  if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
  . ~/.bashrc
  fi
  fi
in case you someday want to try other shells.

Re: A .profile puzzle

[Will Mengarini]

* Gene Heskett  [21-10/17=Su 12:18 -0400]:
> [...] opening a terminal hasn't called
> a ". .profile" since about jessie [...]

Check whether you *also* have either .bash_profile or
.bash_login, because either of those supersedes .profile:

ls -lA ~/.bash_{profile,login}

Re: Debian Linux keyboard mapping files ...

[Will Mengarini]

* Albretch Mueller  [21-07/01=Th 01:59 -0400]:
> there should be files mapping (most probably unicode) number
> <-> glyph for each language.  From where can I get them?

Does  have what you want?

If not, try `locate kmap`.

Re: Social-media antipathy (was Re: How i can optimize my operating system?)

[Will Mengarini]

* Andrei POPESCU  [21-03/12=Fr 17:51 +0200]:
> When Facebook was in its infancy (at least in my country)
> they were spamming my e-mail inviting me to join [...]

I wanted to know what "my country" designated, so ...

- `g Andrei POPESCU` ---
Andrei Popescu is a Romanian lawyer and a judge at the General Court
of the European Union.  He graduated in law from the University of
Bucharest in 1971 and obtained his doctorate in 1980.  -- Wikipedia

Andrei P - VP of Software Engineering - Android - Google Inc ...
uk.linkedin.com/andreip

Dr Andrei Popescu | Computer Science | The University of Sheffield

Andrei Popescu-Belis - Professor of computer science at HEIG-VD
iict-space.heig-vd.ch/apu

Andrei Popescu.  Carnegie Master.  As a passionate musician, [...]

Dr Ion-Andrei Popescu.  Ortho and trauma surgeon [...]

Andrei Popescu (born 1985-02-20=We) is a Romanian professional footballer

Andrei Popescu.  Singapore.  Co-Founder of COSS.IO & SCX Holdings [...]

Andrei Popescu(. Moscow, INR. )

Andrei Popescu (37) is a tennis player from Romania.

Andrei Popescu.  Andrei Popescu is an actor,
known for Professor Thompson (2018).

Dr Andrei Popescu is an Emergency Medicine Specialist in Los Angeles CA.

Dr Andrei Popescu, MD is a board certified internist in Wooster, Ohio.


You, sir, have led a rich, varied, well-traveled, and colorful life!

-- 
     Will Mengarini  
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.
perl -le"print unpack '%C*',MENGARINI"

Re: How to view a troff formatted file?

[Will Mengarini]

Your groff command references $o but your script sets no value
for it, so $o is either empty or inherited from your environment.

* Alain D D Williams  [21-02/22=Mo 12:58 +]:
> On Mon, Feb 22, 2021 at 06:04:15AM -0600, Richard Owlett wrote:
>> I have downloaded a program with a man-page in troff format.
>> How do I view it?
>> I installed troffcvt but its man-page is non-informative.
>> TIA
> 
> Feel free to use my script to do that, below.
> 
> ps_print is another script that send to my printer.
> 
> 
> #!/bin/ksh
> # Format up a man page, the file name is the argument
> # ADDW, July 1999
> 
> progname=$0
> 
> Usage() {
>   cat <<-!
>   Process a file with the man macros.
>   Usage: $0 [opts] [file]
>   -p  generate (Postscript) output to current printer
>   -x  eXplain
>   !
>   exit $1
> }
> 
> Postscript=0
> 
> while getopts px arg
> docase "$arg" in
>   p)  Postscript=1;;
>   x)  Usage 0;;
>   esac
> done
> 
> shift $((OPTIND - 1))
> 
> 
> if [ $# -eq 0 ]
> then  echo "Usage: $0 filename" >&2
>   exit 2
> fi
> 
> if [ $Postscript = 1 ]
> then  groff -man -etpsR -rO0.75i -rW6.5i -rL11i $o $1 | ps_print
> else  tbl $1 | nroff -man | col | less
> fi
> 

Re: iptables -Z option

[Will Mengarini]

Your issue looks like this bug, but I don't know how to fix it:
.

* Bonno Bloksma  [21-02/09=Tue 15:52 +]:
> For years I have had a firewall script the sets and/or resets my
> firewall rules.  [It starts near] the top with some lines that have
> been there for ever.  After upgrading to buster I got an error
> executing this script and I cannot find out why.  Using the extra echo
> lines I have been able to pinpoint the error to the iptables -Z line
>
> [...]
> IPTABLES=/usr/sbin/iptables
> echo flush
> # Flush all rules in all chains and then delete all chains
> chains=`cat /proc/net/ip_tables_names 2>/dev/null`
> for i in $chains; do $IPTABLES -t $i -F; done
> for i in $chains; do $IPTABLES -t $i -X; done
> echo counters
> # Reset all counters for default chains
> $IPTABLES -Z
> echo "return traffic"
> [...]
> 
> This will produce the following output.
> flush
> counters
> iptables v1.8.2 (nf_tables):  RULE_REPLACE failed (Invalid argument): rule in 
> chain INPUT
> return traffic
> 
> Can anyone tell me why the re reset counter line fails
> with a reference to the INPUT chain?  There is loads of
> documentation about iptables but nothing about the -Z option.
>
> I have my iptables rules in a separate script that I can test and
> if I ever shut myself out I can simply restart the machine and
> the default / previous ruleset will load and all will be up and
> running again.  I'd like to keep that way of setting things up,
> it makes it easy to test a new set of rules and debug typo's.

Re: po...@lists.debian.org

[Will Mengarini]

* mm  [21-01/09=Sa 23:01 +0100]:
>>> still strongly advice to put your perspective to revision
>>> and retrospective in a truthful and honest manner.

* gru...@mailfence.com  [21-01/09=Sa 16:33 -0600]:
>> and can i do that in stretch or do i need buster

* Ben Caradoc-Davies  [21-01/10=Su 13:15 +1300]:
> [...] This is by far the best contribution to this thread.

I totally agree, though this comment was fun too:

* Dan Ritter  [21-01/09=Sa 19:05 -0500]:
> [...] "A VAX with a T1" is actually a reasonable approximation
> of what's needed [for a Usenet server] -- that is, 1 MIPS
> and and a megabit/second of bandwidth will do pretty well.
>
> A Raspberry Pi is overkill.

-- 
 Will Mengarini  
@nypost: New research finds Jupiter is flinging asteroids at Earth.
@ChuckWendig: Honestly, do you blame it?
-- teh Internet

Re: May I please have a block cursor in nano?

[Will Mengarini]

* Bob Bernstein  [20-12/25=Fr 20:46 -0500]:
> OF COURSE the app looks to the terminal for its cursor
> policy, and OF COURSE my terminal (mintty running in
> cygwin -- LONG story) also lacked a block cursor.

That sounds as if the problem remains unsolved.  Three solutions:

The first is based on Googling escape sequences for
mintty, but is untested since I don't run mintty.

The second is most likely to work if you run the 'screen' application
inside mintty, then control the cursor from inside screen.
It's possible that the first solution, for raw mintty, will
not work in screen, whereas the second will in screen under
mintty; obviously, I can't test under mintty, but know that
the second solution does work in screen under most terminals.

The third solution works in terminals where the terminfo
database is properly set up, which is most Unix/Linux terminals.

First solution (for mintty):
  # Define these aliases:
  alias minttycnorm="echo \$'\\e[5q'"
  alias minttycvvis="echo \$'\\e[1q'"
  # Then use the 'minttycvvis' command to switch to a block cursor,
  # and the 'minttycnorm' command to switch back.

Second solution (for screen):
  # Define these aliases:
  alias screencnorm="echo \$'\\e[34h'"
  alias screencvvis="echo \$'\\e[34l'"
  # Then use the 'screencvvis' command to switch to a block cursor,
  # and the 'screencnorm' command to switch back.

Third solution (for orthodox terminals with correct terminfo):
  # Use the command 'tput cvvis' to switch terminal to a block cursor.
  # Use the command 'tput cnorm' to switch terminal back to normal.

I suggest trying all of these.

Re: rsync --delete

[Will Mengarini]

* Mike McClain  [20-10/16=Fr 17:09 -0500]:
> [...] A section of the backup script is so:
> Params=(-a --inplace --delete);
> [...] 
> echo /usr/bin/rsync $Params --exclude-from=/home/mike/.rsync_exclude . 
> $Flash/mike

Try this to be sure your shell is doing what you think:
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:20 0$a=(x y z)
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:20 0$echo $a
x
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:20 0$echo "$a"
x
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:21 0$echo "${a[@]}"
x y z
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:21 0$a=x y z # Suggested in another reply
bash: y: command not found
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:21 127$echo "$a"
x
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:25 0$a="x y z"
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:25 0$echo $a
x y z
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:26 0$echo "$a" # preferred
x y z
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:26 0$# When $a is embedded, quote *outer* string:
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:27 0$echo "foo $a bar"
foo x y z bar
debian/pts/14 bash ~ 23:27 0$

Real bounces from debian-user

[Will Mengarini]

way, if that could magically translate into
some URL, it doesn't help ipso facto, because it comes from
mail I *did* get; I need the URLs for mail I *didn't* get.

SUMMARY: How can I either:
  - Retrieve all my recent debian-user bounces, or a list thereof;
or:
  - Minimizing web traffic, retrieve a list of all recent debian-user
mail that I can then, minimizing hack time, compare with all
debian-user mail in my inbox to see what's missing?

-- 
 Will Mengarini  
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.
"I'm too old for this."  -- 5000-year-old Methos, /Highlander/ S4E14

Re: Reminder about the Debian Code of Conduct

[Will Mengarini]

* davidson  [20-06/25=Th 03:31 +]:
>> Oh god.  Look, this is about my signature, isn't it?
>>
>> [...] Look, for the last time, it's not *my* opinion.
>> It is (allegedly) Horatio Nelson's. [...]
>>
>> I know, I know.  It is so sad.  But there is no alternative if truly
>> open and accepting collaboration is to flourish in Freedomland.
>>
>> [...] And you will have to send me some links to videos of
>> this Community band, because I have never ever heard of them
>> but I'm really into all kinds of zombie apocalypse stuff.

That is now officially my favorite mailing list post of 2020.

I know /intellectually/ that 2020 isn't over yet,
but /emotionally/ I find that difficult to accept.

* Pierre-Elliott Bécue  [20-06/25=Th 12:29 +0200]:
> [...] You, being horrified about the authoritarism a Code
> of Conduct and potential moderation seems to represent,
> should be delighted that no scapegoat was designated.
>
> Yet, although some may try and play naive, I'm pretty sure
> the concerned people know who they are and what my email
> is referring about, and that seems quite enough to me.

YOU KNOW WHAT YOU DID

-- 
 Will Mengarini  
Bid on .signature now!  Find great deals & huge selection.  www.eBay.com
This gelatinous cube corpse tastes terrible!
sh -c 'echo -n MENGARINI|sum -s|colrm 4'

Re: waaay offtopic

[Will Mengarini]

* Gene Heskett  [20-05/27=We 14:48 -0400]:
> I need [...] to make a video call before the doc will renew the 
> prescription for pro-air thats keeping her alive.  COPD, end stage.

FYI, Medicare and Medicaid now (as of April 30) reimburse audio-only
visits at the same rate as video visits, to address exactly the
problem you're having (technology limiting medication access).

https://www.healthleadersmedia.com/finance/cms-announces-pay-parity-audio-only-telephone-visits

Of course that's U.S-only.  I couldn't tell whether you're
in the U.S because right now `whois` is unresponsive.  Also,
other U.S insurance alternatives may not have the same options.

-- 
 Will Mengarini  
KADAN: We're helping them to lead productive, happy lives.
RAVOC: By altering their memories?
KADAN: The treatment I provide improves their lives and makes them
  better workers.  In turn, our economy benefits.
RAVOC: You're profiting from this, aren't you?
KADAN: Doesn't a physician deserve to be compensated for his services?
-- from ST:Voy 7x17 "Workforce, Part II"

Re: Hmmm... /boot is too small. what's the best way to increase it's size?

[Will Mengarini]

* Rick Thomas  [20-05/09=Sa 20:05 -0700]:
> [...] died for lack of space in /boot [...]

Long ago I stopped bothering with a separate /boot, and behold, I yet
live.  ISTR the Debian installer doesn't default to creating one either.

If you really want a bastion filesystem for booting, I suggest it be /
(say 8G), because that'll also give you /bin, /lib, /etc, etc, without
which you can't troubleshoot system horkage anyway.  Then you can
put /home and /usr on the beta release of FunkyFS and have fun.  I'd
also put /tmp on the same partition as /home, because when I want to
rm $junk I typically do it with mv -t/tmp $junk for safety, which on
the same filesystem just edits directory entries, but on a different
one actually copies $junk, meh.  Make sure your bastion filesystem has
enough room for /var/spool; shouldn't be a problem unless you're one
of those people who likes 30G mailboxes, or are running a news server.

Stay safe, back up your files, and wash your hands.

> rbthomas@milli:~$ lsblk
> NAME  MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
> sda 8:00 111.8G  0 disk
> +-sda1  8:10   512M  0 part /boot/efi
> +-sda2  8:20   244M  0 part /boot
> +-sda3  8:30 111.1G  0 part
>   +-debian--vg-root   253:0028G  0 lvm  /
>   +-debian--vg-swap_1 253:10   7.9G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
>   +-debian--vg-home   253:20  75.2G  0 lvm  /home
> sdb 8:16   1   239G  0 disk
> +-sdb1  8:17   1   239G  0 part /media/rbthomas/Spare
> mmcblk0   179:00 238.3G  0 disk
> +-mmcblk0p1   179:10 238.3G  0 part /media/rbthomas/Downloads
> rbthomas@milli:~$
>
> rbthomas@milli:~$ df -HTP | grep -v tmpfs
> Filesystem  Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
> /dev/mapper/debian--vg-root ext4  30G 9.9G   19G  36% /
> /dev/sda2   ext2 248M  78M  158M  34% /boot
> /dev/sda1   vfat 536M 144k  536M   1% /boot/efi
> /dev/mapper/debian--vg-home ext4  79G 4.4G   71G   6% /home
> /dev/sdb1   ext4 252G  63M  239G   1% /media/rbthomas/Spare
> /dev/mmcblk0p1  ext4 251G  63M  238G   1% 
> /media/rbthomas/Downloads
> rbthomas@milli:~$
>
> What's the best way to increase the size of /boot?

By creating a reliable backup and reformatting the disk to
the new format.  I've never found it to be cost-effective
to try anything else.  I don't even upgrade to new releases
anymore; I just nuke everything and do a fresh install.

> I can easily create a gig or so of space by a shrink/resize
> of /home, but how do I add that space to /dev/sda2?
>
> I can't just move up the end of /dev/sda2 = start of
> /dev/sda3 without backing up and restoring, can I?
>
> Any suggestions would be appreciated.

Consider the time you've spent posing this question, waiting for the
answers, and reading them.  Dump and reload might've finished already.

-- 
 Will Mengarini  
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.
This will be a memorable month -- no matter how hard you try to forget it.
--Unix fortune cookie

Re: scp overwriting precaution?

[Will Mengarini]

* Greg Marks  [20-02/26=We 21:48 -0600]:
> [...] if I accidentally copy an older version of
> a file on my laptop to a newer version of the
> file on my server, the newer version is lost.
>
> Is it possible to configure my server so that [it creates a
> backup on the server of any existing file that is] overwritten?

This is built-in to rsync with its options --backup,
--backup-dir, and --suffix.  Generally, rsync is so much
more capable than scp that I never use scp any more.

* [full original post]:
> When using scp to copy files from my server to my laptop (both running
> Debian 10 and both with the same directory tree), I like to back up
> the files in case I discover that I've overwritten a newer version of
> a file with an older version.  (I seem to make this mistake about once
> or twice a year.)  To this end, on my laptop I've defined the following
> "get from server" function:
> 
>files="";
>for file in "${@}";
>   do
>  if [[ -f $file ]]
> then
>cp -i -v "$file" /tmp/"$file".`date 
> +\%Y.\%m.\%d.\%H.\%M.\%S`.backup
>  fi
>   done
>for file in "${@}"
>   do
>  files="$files $(pwd | sed 
> 's/\/home\//\/home\//g')/\"$file\""
>   done
>scp -T -p @[Server IP Address]:"$files" .
> 
> If I discover that I've made a mistake, there's a backup copy in /tmp.
> 
> I'd like to be able to create backup copies on my server when sending
> files in the other direction.  At the moment, I have a "send to server"
> function on my laptop that simply reads:
> 
>scp -p $@ @[Server IP Address]:`pwd | sed 
> 's/\/home\//\/home\//g'`/
> 
> But if I accidentally copy an older version of a file on my laptop to
> a newer version of the file on my server, the newer version is lost.
> 
> Is it possible to configure my server so that when it receives a remote
> scp request to write to a file on the server, it parses the request
> and backs up to /tmp any existing file on the server that is about to
> be overwritten?
> 
> Regards,
> Greg Marks

Re: Jittery desktop mode.

[Will Mengarini]

* Peter Easthope  [20-01/19=Su 17:36 -0600]:
> [...] components in the desktop begin flashing [...]
> indicator in the center of the screen rapidly cycles
> [...] seems to be triggered by a mouse click [...].  At
> present I wouldn't know what to file a bug report against.

This seems more like an incipient hardware failure than a software
bug.  I've been living with a flaky Logitech optical mouse for years,
and when stuff like this starts happening, I can usually make it
stop by unplugging the mouse then plugging it back in.  Sometimes
it takes several tries, or various forms of percussive engineering.

You might find relevant error messages in .

* [full quote:]
> In Debian 10, since an update a few weeks back, the display has
> included a weird spontaneous jittery mode.  The browser can work
> for several minutes with no problem.  Then with no warning
> components in the desktop begin flashing. A desktop chooser or
> indicator in the center of the screen rapidly cycles 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, ...
> 
> It seems to be triggered by a mouse click; haven't found anything
> more specific.  If keyboard and mouse input are suspended for
> several seconds the activity dies down.  When the episode is
> finished, seemingly normal usage can continue.
> 
> A few seconds of the behavior is visible here.
> http://easthope.ca/Debian10.2.2020.01.19.mp4
> 
> Wayland/westan is also installed.  In weston the mouse pointer
> can jump erratically but other graphical components are stable.
> 
> At present I wouldn't know what to file a bug report against.
> 
> Ideas?
> 
> Thanks,... P.
> 
> -- 
> Tel.: +1 604 670 0140  Bcc: peter at easthope. ca

Re: automounting sshfs

[Will Mengarini]

* Rainer Dorsch  [20-01/18=Sa 23:38 +0100]:
> ls: cannot access '/home/spatzen/Ablage/': Too many levels of symbolic links

Whenever I've seen this, it's been because some symlink is referring
(possibly indirectly) to itself.  So
  find ~/Ablage -type l
could be used to find all symlinks, and
  find -L ~/Ablage -type l
should find all and only broken symlinks.  Also,
  ls --color ~/Ablage
might display broken links in red but OK links in green.

* Rainer Dorsch  [20-01/18=Sa 23:38 +0100]:
> Hi,
> 
> I followed 
> 
> https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/467081/sshfs-with-on-demand-mounting/
> 546102
> 
> to automount a directory with sshfs.
> 
> I added into /etc/fstab
> 
> sshfs#fs:/mnt/disk/data/spatzen /home/spatzen/Ablage fuse
> noauto,allow_other,x-systemd.automount,_netdev,user,IdentityFile=/home/
> spatzen/.ssh/id_rsa,reconnect 0 0
> 
> Generated as described on stackexchange a unit file: systemctl daemon-reload
> 
> root@nanette:~# systemctl list-unit-files --type automount
> UNIT FILE STATE
> home-spatzen-Ablage.automount generated
> proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount static   
> 
> 2 unit files listed.
> root@nanette:~# 
> 
> Restarted the automount unitfile (even rebooted), but when I try to 
> automount, 
> I get a strange error
> 
> spatzen@nanette:~$ ls -l /home/spatzen/Ablage/
> ls: cannot access '/home/spatzen/Ablage/': Too many levels of symbolic links
> spatzen@nanette:~$ 
> 
> It seems the system is doing something, but not the right thing. If I mount 
> manually  as user spatzen (mount /home/spatzen/Ablage) that works well...
> 
> Any idea and hint is welcome.
> 
> Thanks
> Rainer
> 

Re: I need to be root to run this script

[Will Mengarini]

* l0f...@tuta.io  [20-01/15=We 01:19 +0100]:
>> ls -R /etc/sudoers.dcat /etc/sudoers
>> ls -l /usr/local/bin/backlight-brightness

* kaye n  [20-01/15=Wed 10:57 +0800]:
> [...]
> kaye@laptop:~$  ls -R /etc/sudoers.dcat /etc/sudoers
> [...]

l0f4r0's commands were missing a newline.  These were the intent:
  ls -R /etc/sudoers.d
  cat /etc/sudoers
  ls -l /usr/local/bin/backlight-brightness

Re: I need to be root to run this script

[Will Mengarini]

* l0f...@tuta.io  [20-01/15=We 01:19 +0100]:
>>> ls -R /etc/sudoers.dcat /etc/sudoers
>>> ls -l /usr/local/bin/backlight-brightness

* kaye n  [20-01/15=We 10:57 +0800]:
>> [...]
>> kaye@laptop:~$  ls -R /etc/sudoers.dcat /etc/sudoers
>> [...]

* Will Mengarini  [20-01/14=Tu 20:24 -0800]:
> l0f4r0's commands were missing a newline.  These were the intent:
>   ls -R /etc/sudoers.d
>   cat /etc/sudoers
>   ls -l /usr/local/bin/backlight-brightness

And the ls -R would be helped by this:
  for f in /etc/sudoers.d/*;{ [[ -f $f ]] && echo === "$f" && cat "$f";}

Re: shell wrappers for trig and other mathematical functions

[Will Mengarini]

* Dan Hitt  [19-10/01=Tue 21:18 -0700]:
> On Tue, Oct 1, 2019 at 8:58 PM David Christensen 
> wrote:
> 
> > On 10/1/19 8:32 PM, Dan Hitt wrote:
> > > I'm half-way looking for some shell wrappers for common trig functions
> > like
> > > sin, cos, exp, log, and others.
> > >
> > > I'm aware of bc, but it seems cumbersome.
> > >
> > > I would like to just type 'sin 1' and get the sine (of 1 radian),
> >
> > Perl one-liners are an option:
> >
> > 2019-10-01 19:25:59 dpchrist@tinkywinky ~
> > $ perl -e 'print sin 1'
> > 0.841470984807897
> >
> >
> > > or type 'log 2'
> >
> > 2019-10-01 20:48:52 dpchrist@tinkywinky ~
> > $ perl -e 'print log 2'
> > 0.693147180559945
> >
> >
> > > and get the natural or maybe common log of 2.  (Probably any such
> > > program should do something intelligent when faced with multiple or zero
> > > arguments, such as computing the sine or log of each, so that they could
> > be
> > > chained together.  And maybe such a program would pay attention to
> > > environment variables or optional command line arguments to tune its
> > > behavior.)
> > >
> > > These kinds of programs would be super-easy to write in just about any
> > > language (i guess perhaps even just as bash functions which shell out to
> > bc
> > > for at least some of the simpler functions) but before i actually do
> > > something like that, i wonder if somebody has already done it, whether
> > > there exist any standards or good ideas, etc.  (Because if somebody has a
> > > good, thoughtful exp program, for example, then it could be cookie-cutter
> > > copied to a bunch of other functions.)
> > >
> > > There is a precedent of sorts in Paul Rubin's factor program, which is
> > just
> > > oh-so-handy when you're wondering how an integer factors, but don't want
> > to
> > > start up some heavy-weight system just to find out.
> >
> > 2019-10-01 20:49:17 dpchrist@tinkywinky ~
> > $ apt-cache search libmath-prime-util-perl
> > libmath-prime-util-perl - utilities related to prime numbers, including
> > fast sieves and factoring
> >
> >
> > > Thanks in advance for any pointers or advice!  :)
> > >
> > > dan
> >
> >
> > David
> >
> >
> Hi David,
> 
> Thanks so much for your reply, including the apt-cache searching part.
> 
> It does look like a way to quickly get values for sine (or any other
> function in perl).
> 
> However, i would like to dispense entirely with the 'perl -e' and 'print'
> part.  I really would like stand-alone programs.  This would absolutely
> minimize any typing, and if the programs had a set of good conventions,
> then they would provide a model for writing others if the functions i want
> are not already available in perl (or other interpreter).
> 
> Thanks again for the suggestion and example!! :)
> 
> dan

/pts/8 bash ~ 04:33 0$withsetf(){ "$@"; set +f;}
/pts/8 bash ~ 04:33 0$perlPrint(){ perl -wle "\$,=' ';print +(do{$*})";}
/pts/8 bash ~ 04:33 0$alias pp='set -f;withsetf perlPrint'
/pts/8 bash ~ 04:33 0$pp sin 1
0.841470984807897
/pts/8 bash ~ 04:34 0$pp 3 * 3
9
/pts/8 bash ~ 04:34 0$pp 3 ** 3
27
/pts/8 bash ~ 04:34 0$pp .6 + 1.3
1.9
/pts/8 bash ~ 04:34 0$alias sin='pp sin' # etc, if you want

-- 
 Will Mengarini  
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.
   sh -c 'echo -n MENGARINI|sum -s|colrm 4'
perl -le"print unpack '%C*',MENGARINI"

Re: buster: multiple instances of konqueror?

[Will Mengarini]

A general solution to problems like this is to run the alternate
instance as a different user.  Example:
  adduser doppel # also creates /home/doppel
  sudo -u doppel konqueror # may use /home/doppel for new config files

* D. R. Evans  [19-09/05=Thu 10:08 -0600]:
> Dan Ritter wrote on 9/5/19 9:36 AM:
> > D. R. Evans wrote: 
> >> D. R. Evans wrote on 9/1/19 8:51 AM:
> >>> How do I configure konqueror in buster so that I can run more than one 
> >>> instance?
> >>>
> >>
> >> I haven't seen any responses to this. Is it perhaps, for reasons I can't 
> >> even
> >> begin to guess, by design not even possible to run multiple instances of
> >> konqueror under buster?? Or (I hope) am I just missing some simple
> >> configuration option?
> > 
> > I've never used konqueror, but a good first question is: how do
> > you expect to run multiple instances of konqueror elsewhere?
> > 
> 
> Either type "konqueror" at the command line, or select "Konqueror" from the
> normal KDE menu system.
> 
> > What error messages do you get when trying the same thing in
> > buster?
> > 
> 
> None.
> 
>   Doc
> 
> -- 
> Web:  http://enginehousebooks.com/drevans
> 

Re: Shell Script Help

[Will Mengarini]

* Patrick Bartek  [19-05/04=Sa 08:08 -0700]:
> [...] Perform an operation on files in unique, sequential
> directories [...] never more than 99 -- usually a lot
> less.  The actual number will vary job to job.  [...]

If the sequentially-numbered directories already exist:
  `man find`
Else:
  for ((i=1;i<12;++i));{ printf frob%02d\\n $i;} # tested: Bash 3 & 4

* Patrick Bartek  [19-05/04=Sa 08:08 -0700]:
> Want to create a simple, one liner to type in to automate what I've
> been doing manually: Perform an operation on files in unique,
> sequential directories, save the results of the operations for each
> directory with a file name of that directory in the directory the
> target directories reside in.  For example:
> 
> Directories ab01, ab02 ... ab30 results in output
> 
> ab01.jpg. ab02.jpg ... ab30.jpg outside of those drectories.
> 
> There will never be more than 99 directories -- usually a lot less. The
> actual number will vary job to job. The letters in the directory names
> will vary job to job, but will remain constant for each job.  Only the
> numbers will sequence. 

Re: Paypal and Linux in a low graphics environment.

[Will Mengarini]

* Karen Lewellen  [18-11/13=Tu 18:04 -0500]:
>>>> [...] I only have access to Linux via a shell.  [Using "modern"
>>>> sites like PayPal is hard because of graphics, JS, etc.]  Changes
>>>> in the past week or so makes even elinks a problem.  Ideas?

* Stefan Monnier  [18-11/14=We 15:55 -0500]:
>>> Tried browsh (https://www.brow.sh/)?

Another option is Edbrowse <http://edbrowse.org/>.
It is extremely hardcore <http://www.gnu.org/fun/jokes/ed-msg.txt>.

* Karen Lewellen  [18-11/14=We 17:06 -0500]:
>> [...] before I ask the shellworld.net administrator to
>> consider [browsh], I wish to know it works.

* Jude DaShiell  [18-11/14=We 18:03 -0500]:
> Unfortunately browsh isn't ready for prime time
> anywhere for screen reader users.

Edbrowse has the advantage of offering statically-linked binaries at
<http://edbrowse.org/static/>; instead of asking your administrator
to set it up, you can just download the 32-bit or 64-bit binary
into your <~/bin> (which is presumably in your $PATH) and run it.
I have done this and it works, but I have not tried PayPal.

That installation will not get any documentation, of course.
<http://www.linuxcertif.com/man/1/edbrowse/> is a third-party
man page; the substance of it is in English, though it's
hosted on a French server so has some prolegomena and
epilegomena in French; those can be ignored.  The same
server also hosts <http://www.linuxcertif.com/man/1/ed/>,
which is what you really need to start grokking ed.

When you first run edbrowse, it will create a default config file
for you, and warn you about it.  I was able to use edbrowse without
initially modifying my config file; just ignore it until you need it.

The shell command 'edbrowse http://edbrowse.org/usersguide.html'
browses the the user's guide.  To page through that file,
start with the ed command '0z24' to get the first 24 lines;
then, 'z' for each subsequent 24 lines; finally, 'q' to exit.

A quick reference guide begins at line 289 of that
(rendered) file, which has a total of 3,522 lines.

There is a wiki at <https://github.com/CMB/edbrowse/wiki>,
which I was able to access with Lynx; it contains instructions
for making it accessible with Edbrowse (markdown is involved,
and you need to edit your config file for that).  It also has
tips for Twitter and Facebook, but doesn't mention PayPal.

You can edit your config file, <~/.ebrc>, by running the shell command
'edbrowse -c'.  The file starts with stuff like mail accounts, for
which you may prefer not to put passwords on .  You
can just ignore that stuff (i.e leave the invalid examples unchanged),
and only make the changes you need, such as markdown support.

Apropos , I couldn't even find a home page for them;
all accesses were "ERROR 403: Forbidden".  I'm paying $7/month for
a shell account at Eskimo North that gives me access to 13 different
distributions on virtual servers, as well as the usual amenities like
mail, news, and my own web site; and tech support is very responsive.
You might want to investigate <http://www.eskimo.com/>.

-- 
 Will Mengarini  
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.
   O< ASCII ribbon campaign - stop HTML mail - www.asciiribbon.org
   sh -c 'echo -n MENGARINI|sum -s|colrm 4'

Re: Help me Linux

[Will Mengarini]

> I TRIED TO INSTALL DEBIAN MANY TIMES BUT FAILED BADLY.  I NEVER USED DEBIAN.
> I believe whoever reading this mail is far more knowledgeable and
> experienced than me and having good knowledge of Linux.  Please help me!

Studying  will
help you interact more effectively here.  A translation into Hindi
is at .

> [...] there is no any alternative available in Linux
> for Corel draw [or] video editing software.

I wonder whether some of the problems you use those applications
to solve could be solved instead by coding Python scripts.  At
first the change in strategy would feel cognitively disruptive,
but eventually should become more powerful; compare switching from
composing a GUI layout with a visual tool to using Tkinter.pack().

We might have more specific ideas if we saw some examples
of the problems you use those applications to solve.

> [...] I can contribute 2 hours daily [...]

That should be enough for steady significant progress.

Full quote for reference:
* P M  [18-10/30=Tu 13:47 +0530]:
> Hey, this is Piyush M.
> I am a computer science graduate from 2015.
> It was 2009-10 when first time I heard about Linux. Although in my area
> there was only Microsoft but I managed to download Linux. My first Linux
> was ubuntu. I was very happy to see its function and its working. I enjoyed
> that time without having little knowledge about computer. Since then I feel
> my relationship with the Linux and open source and free software.
> Although right now I am using Windows but still I feel very enthusiastic
> and energetic with Linux; even I don't know what the reason is.
> 
> The reason for this mail is, I am not really very expert or well versed in
> any computer language or any field of computer. But I feel strong
> connection and relationship with Linux. I also love Python programming
> language. Despite of this love and attraction and affection I was unable to
> learn anything because I wasn't having enough time and we people in India
> don't have that much Linux craze and courses available. In short due to no
> guidance I was unable to do anything and I am on the same position since
> last 9 years with only few improvements.
> I TRIED TO INSTALL DEBIAN MANY TIMES BUT FAILED BADLY. I NEVER USED DEBIAN.
> I believe whoever reading this mail is far more knowledgeable and
> experienced than me and having good knowledge of Linux. Please help me!
> suggest me what can I do? how should I proceed? how should I go further in
> the field of Linux? and what can I do with and how to go further in python?
> Here everywhere Microsoft is going on and no response for open source and
> LINUX is there, so please help me to clear my understanding, broaden the
> way of my seeing. I need clear conception of what I can do and what can be
> done. As I mentioned there is no guidance I have here. I can contribute 2
> hours daily along with the job and daily schedule. My love is python and
> Linux.
> My one more query is that there is no any alternative available in linux
> for Corel draw, MS office, video editing software. Although there are many
> claims of alternatives but the reality is harsh, they are not as simple and
> productive as the windows software. Please clear my view regarding this
> also.
> 
> I just have downloaded kde manjaro and soon install it on my laptop to have
> new experience.
> I can understand this is very lengthy mail but its really important to get
> my doubts cleared and my vision broadened. Please reply me as soon as
> possible.
> 
> Thanks for the time you spent on this mail. Will be happy to see you
> replied.

Re: sort (-g) [offtopic]

[Will Mengarini]

* Ionel Mugurel Ciobica  [18-02/18=Su 16:55 +0100]:
> [... How can something like
> "III\nII\nI\nV\nIV\nVII\nVI\nVIII\nX\nIX"
> [be sorted?  ...]

See `aptitude show msort`; it probably does what you need.

Re: sudo

[Will Mengarini]

* Josh W.  [17-11/08=We 14:56 -0600]:
> I am trying to figure out how to add a user to sudo.  Not sure of the
> process.  Could somebody point me in the right direction.  Thanks!

sudo adduser beeblebrox sudo # man adduser

Re: Opening Intellicast Causes Firefox to close

[Will Mengarini]

* Stephen P Molnar <s.mol...@sbcglobal.net> [17-11/08=We 07:25 -0500]:
> I downloaded and compiled the src from The Seamonkey Project.
> [...] The browser still crashed when loading www,distrowatch.com!!!

When I try to access distrowatch.com with a very old Firefox,
using NoScript, I always get 403 Forbidden with no other message.

However, Stretch versions of text browsers
Lynx, w3m, and elinks have no problem.

(I don't have a graphics-enabled Stretch working yet -
hardware issues - so I can't try the latest graphical browsers.)

(1) So it's possible distrowatch.com is weird in some way that Seamonkey
can't handle.  If you're getting crashes on many other web sites,
especially if they're intermittent, you might want to consider
incipient hardware failure as a differential diagnosis.

I'd expect incipient hardware failure to cause glitches more frequently
when you're using a graphical system than when doing text-mode work.

(2) A better possibility is that it's an SSL issue.  Running strace
to find where the crash occurs could localize that.  Identifying
your SSL library and possibly upgrading or changing it could help.

(3) Lynx compiled on a Gentoo system used to crash often because
of a problem with the default CFLAGS setting.  Check that
your CFLAGS are conservative; you're looking for reliability,
not speed.  Also, conservative CFLAGS (disabling most
optimizations) might make debugging output more meaningful.

> Compiling the src reminded me of years ago when I used to compile the
> Linux kernel - an agonizingly long procedure, but it finally finished.

I find it helps to keep reminding myself that computers save time.

-- 
 Will Mengarini  <sel...@eskimo.com>
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.
  "techtonic stress"  -- Unix fortune cookie

Re: Opening Intellicast Causes Firefox to close

[Will Mengarini]

* Stephen P Molnar <s.mol...@sbcglobal.net> [17-11/07=Tu 07:20 -0500]:
>> I am running Firefox ESR 52.4.0 (64 bit) on my [up-to-date
>> Stretch platform.  When] I attempt opening Intellicast,
>> either with Speeddial or tying the URL, Firefox crashes.
>>
>> This just started happening yesterday
>> and there are no warnings or errors.

* Joe <j...@jretrading.com> [17-11/07=Tu 16:03 +]:
> Not from that site, but if I call up my bank's login page, the tab
> crashes.  This began about six months ago, and I put it down to
> the INSANE LEVEL OF SCRIPTING THAT SOME WEB DESIGNERS SEEM TO NEED
> [emphasis added].  It is 52.4.0/64bit on Sid, also kept up to date.
> I use NoScript, but even with all scripts enabled, it still crashes.
>
> Konqueror opens that page without crashing, but
> fails to actually enter login details.  Midori
> did work, but stopped a couple of weeks ago.
>
> I actually have upstream FF56 separately installed, which
> works on that page, but that doesn't have a working
> 'back' button, so I use it only for the bank site.

We're reaching a point where legislative intervention would be
justified.  None of this scripting benefits users; it doesn't
even benefit the companies purveying the services.  Instead,
it benefits the marketroids that have made a livelihood out of
persuading PHBs that what they do benefits their employers.

HTML 1.0 can do everything we need from a bank site.
It doesn't even need graphics, let alone scripting.

But it does need security, which both scripting and graphics compromise.

I'm not aware of any bank wise enough to offer an
HTML 1.0 interface that can be browsed by Lynx.

> I have the impression that website/browser capabilities are
> now far beyond being deterministic or even vaguely testable.

When the heavy hand of government is starting to look preferable
to market forces, we're in truly-late-stage capitalism.

(1) I am not a crook.
(2) America does not torture.
(3) Don't be evil.

-- 
 Will Mengarini  <sel...@eskimo.com>
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.
  js<<<'n=0;for(i=0;i<9;++i){n+="MENGARINI".charCodeAt(i)};print(n)'

Re: Another Devuan annoyance: CLI default apps

[Will Mengarini]

* Ron OLGIATI  [17-10/31=Tu 19:11 -0300]:
>> [...] Devuan Jessie, I tried to use crontab [...]
>> under Devuan, crontab opens the file with nano [...]

* deloptes  [17-11/01=We 09:23 +0100]:
> [...] OP wanted to edit crontab, which needs root access.

It seems more likely that he was talking about running crontab(1),
the command, rather than editing .

Ordinary users can run 'crontab -e' to edit their own <~/.crontab>s
without needing root access, as long as permitted by any
cron.{allow,deny} files (which, if extant, are in /etc on
Debian, but in /usr/lib/cron in the 2003 POSIX manual, and in
an "implementation defined" location in the 2008 POSIX manual).

Re: Another Devuan annoyance: CLI default apps

[Will Mengarini]

* Ron OLGIATI <ren...@olgiati-in-paraguay.org> [17-10/31=Tu 19:11 -0300]:
> [...] in Debian, [crontab -e] opened the file with vi [...].
> Now under Devuan, crontab opens the file with nano [...].
> How do I get crontab back to using vi ?

In your <~/.bashrc>:

  export EDITOR=vim
  export VISUAL=vim

Or modify as needed if you're using some other vi than Vim,
or some other shell than Bash.

-- 
     Will Mengarini  <sel...@eskimo.com>
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.

No live CD ISOs without GUI desktops?

[Will Mengarini]

https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current-live/i386/iso-hybrid/
lists many ISOs, but all have graphic desktops, so none would fit on
a 650 MB CD-ROM, of which I have lots; I don't have larger media.
The situation for the amd64 architecture is identical.

https://www.debian.org/distrib/ points to netinst ISOs that do fit,
but they're numbered as 9.0.0, not 9.0.1.

A livecd is what a sysadmin needs for troubleshooting borked disks,
and GUIs are for noobs and rubes, so I'd've expected that when the
patchlevel for Stretch was incremented, there'd be nongraphic livecds
released as well.

Is the omission of nongraphic livecds from 9.0.1 an oversight,
or was it done this way because the bugs fixed by 9.0.1 involved
only graphics?  That hypothesis sounds strange because I thought
one of the problems was a missing liblzo2, a decompression library
which is not obviously specific to graphics-only software.

The persistent link to 9.0.0 netinst on https://www.debian.org/distrib/
needs to remain as such until 9.0.1 nongraphic equivalents are released,
because right now **/current/i386/iso-cd/debian-9.0.1-i386-netinst.iso
doesn't exist.

However, leaving it as such confuses the concept of "the" current
version of Debian stable; is it 9.0.0 or 9.0.1?  Considering that
building a livecd without a graphic desktop is easier than building
one with a desktop, perhaps the nongraphic versions should also
be created, and all the links in official documentation updated,
just to make it clear that 9.0.1 is "the" current stable Debian.

Re: Here's how to make yourself happier

[Will Mengarini]

* David Guntner da...@guntner.com [14-03/03=Mo 23:46 -0800]:
 Unless you have a reason to want one test per address,
 you could simply put them all in a single test.

 :0:
 * 
 ^From.*(naturalli...@dcemail.com|arnoldb...@cosmicemail.com|usspookslovesys...@muchomail.com|fredw...@mail.ru)
 $GARBAGE

 Collect them all! :-)

I used to construct such recipes like this ...

:0:
* ^From:.*(\
  naturalli...@dcemail.com|\
  arnoldb...@cosmicemail.com|\
  usspookslovesys...@muchomail.com|\
  fredw...@mail.ru|\
DUMMYLINESOIDON'TNEEDTOWORRYABOUTFORGETTINGTHEGODDAMNVERTICALBAR)
$JUNK

... but eventually I started getting procmail: Exceeded LINEBUF
so I switched to a hack that uses scoring (`man procmailsc`) to
implement unlimited short-circuited alternation (i.e the testing
stops as soon as a condition is true, and there's no LINEBUF limit):

:0:
* 2147483646^0
* 1^0 ^From:.*naturalli...@dcemail.com
* 1^0 ^From:.*arnoldb...@cosmicemail.com
* 1^0 ^From:.*usspookslovesys...@muchomail.com
* 1^0 ^From:.*fredw...@mail.ru
* -2147483646^0
$JUNK

This works on 64-bit as well as 32-bit systems.
Unscored conjuncts can precede the alternatives:

:0:
* !^From:Will Mengarini sel...@eskimo.com
* 2147483646^0
* 1^0 ^From:.*naturalli...@dcemail.com
* 1^0 ^From:.*arnoldb...@cosmicemail.com
* 1^0 ^From:.*usspookslovesys...@muchomail.com
* 1^0 ^From:.*fredw...@mail.ru
* -2147483646^0
$JUNK

-- 
 Will Mengarini  sel...@eskimo.com
 Free software: the Source will be with you, always.
   O ASCII ribbon campaign - stop HTML mail - www.asciiribbon.org


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