Re: Spellchecking not working on Mac OS X
I believe I've made some progress on this. Typical for that to come after a lot of effort in other directions then posting on a forum... (Sigh.) There seems to be an assumption by LyX, or at least my installation, that the default language is 'English'—not 'English (UK)', etc., plain 'English'—whereas the OS is set to use an English variant. You can see this more clearly if you try use the Thesaurus. 'English' is offered but the pulldown list indicates it's not present, whereas 'English (UK)' is available to be used. On systems that are not set with this as the default system version of English, the spellchecker decides it hasn't got a dictionary. The then bails out without letting the user have the chance to try one of the other English variants. (It complains about reaching the end of the document, then disappears.) Manually setting the *system* (OS X) language to prefer English then the variants temporarily resolves this. But that's not suitable if you want British English first. A work-around seems to be to select the document language to be what you want (e.g. English (UK)) and select that to become LyX's default document language. A proper solution, AFAICT, would be to have LyX realise that some systems will not have English as a preferred language and correctly check what is in fact the system language in use. It's made more confusing, I think, by the LyX Preferences not having a setting for this - they only set the user interface language; the documents/spellchecking language seems to be separate, but that's not clear to users and the document language setting is a bit buried, so many users won't be aware that there. (Another, hopefully unrelated, confusion is that I have a system Preference Pane for Spelling that something has installed (ha) that says it can't run on Intel-based systems...! Perhaps that arrived as a consequence of installing Hunspell while I was trying to figure this out.)
Re: Spellchecking not working on Mac OS X
I believe I've made some progress on this. Typical for that to come after a lot of effort in other directions then posting on a forum... (Sigh.) There seems to be an assumption by LyX, or at least my installation, that the default language is 'English'—not 'English (UK)', etc., plain 'English'—whereas the OS is set to use an English variant. You can see this more clearly if you try use the Thesaurus. 'English' is offered but the pulldown list indicates it's not present, whereas 'English (UK)' is available to be used. On systems that are not set with this as the default system version of English, the spellchecker decides it hasn't got a dictionary. The then bails out without letting the user have the chance to try one of the other English variants. (It complains about reaching the end of the document, then disappears.) Manually setting the *system* (OS X) language to prefer English then the variants temporarily resolves this. But that's not suitable if you want British English first. A work-around seems to be to select the document language to be what you want (e.g. English (UK)) and select that to become LyX's default document language. A proper solution, AFAICT, would be to have LyX realise that some systems will not have English as a preferred language and correctly check what is in fact the system language in use. It's made more confusing, I think, by the LyX Preferences not having a setting for this - they only set the user interface language; the documents/spellchecking language seems to be separate, but that's not clear to users and the document language setting is a bit buried, so many users won't be aware that there. (Another, hopefully unrelated, confusion is that I have a system Preference Pane for Spelling that something has installed (ha) that says it can't run on Intel-based systems...! Perhaps that arrived as a consequence of installing Hunspell while I was trying to figure this out.)
Re: Spellchecking not working on Mac OS X
I believe I've made some progress on this. Typical for that to come after a lot of effort in other directions then posting on a forum... (Sigh.) There seems to be an assumption by LyX, or at least my installation, that the default language is 'English'—not 'English (UK)', etc., plain 'English'—whereas the OS is set to use an English variant. You can see this more clearly if you try use the Thesaurus. 'English' is offered but the pulldown list indicates it's not present, whereas 'English (UK)' is available to be used. On systems that are not set with this as the default system version of English, the spellchecker "decides" it hasn't got a dictionary. The then bails out without letting the user have the chance to try one of the other English variants. (It complains about reaching the end of the document, then disappears.) Manually setting the *system* (OS X) language to "prefer" English then the variants temporarily resolves this. But that's not suitable if you want British English first. A work-around seems to be to select the document language to be what you want (e.g. English (UK)) and select that to become LyX's default document language. A "proper" solution, AFAICT, would be to have LyX realise that some systems will not have English as a preferred language and correctly check what is in fact the system language in use. It's made more confusing, I think, by the LyX Preferences not having a setting for this - they only set the user interface language; the documents/spellchecking language seems to be separate, but that's not clear to users and the document language setting is a bit "buried", so many users won't be aware that there. (Another, hopefully unrelated, confusion is that I have a system Preference Pane for Spelling that something has installed (ha) that says it can't run on Intel-based systems...! Perhaps that "arrived" as a consequence of installing Hunspell while I was trying to figure this out.)
Spellchecking not working on Mac OS X
I'm using LyX 2.0.5.1 on Mac OS X 10.6.8 Spell checking is stubbornly refusing to work :-( None of the three options work (Native, Aspell, Hunspell). Have tried installing Hunspell (I would prefer to use the system dictionaries, but selecting 'native' for the dictionary doesn't work so have tried this to get *something* to work.) Have put aspell-type dictionaries in what sound to be the right places (there seems to be no documentation for how to do this for OS X). LyX persistently, and maddeningly, informs me that it can't find dictionaries. Can't find out where it's looking so don't know where to check. (Documentation for Linux says to try 'lyx -dbg files' to learn this but on OS X 'which lyx' draws a blank.) And so on... Any thoughts? (I know about running 'Reconfigure'. There appear to be no good instructions anyway for installing dictionaries on OS X -- there is a brief account of how to install the hunspell *software*, but nothing about *dictionaries* for OS X that I can find.)
Spellchecking not working on Mac OS X
I'm using LyX 2.0.5.1 on Mac OS X 10.6.8 Spell checking is stubbornly refusing to work :-( None of the three options work (Native, Aspell, Hunspell). Have tried installing Hunspell (I would prefer to use the system dictionaries, but selecting 'native' for the dictionary doesn't work so have tried this to get *something* to work.) Have put aspell-type dictionaries in what sound to be the right places (there seems to be no documentation for how to do this for OS X). LyX persistently, and maddeningly, informs me that it can't find dictionaries. Can't find out where it's looking so don't know where to check. (Documentation for Linux says to try 'lyx -dbg files' to learn this but on OS X 'which lyx' draws a blank.) And so on... Any thoughts? (I know about running 'Reconfigure'. There appear to be no good instructions anyway for installing dictionaries on OS X -- there is a brief account of how to install the hunspell *software*, but nothing about *dictionaries* for OS X that I can find.)
Spellchecking not working on Mac OS X
I'm using LyX 2.0.5.1 on Mac OS X 10.6.8 Spell checking is stubbornly refusing to work :-( None of the three options work (Native, Aspell, Hunspell). Have tried installing Hunspell (I would prefer to use the system dictionaries, but selecting 'native' for the dictionary doesn't work so have tried this to get *something* to work.) Have put aspell-type dictionaries in what "sound" to be the right places (there seems to be no documentation for how to do this for OS X). LyX persistently, and maddeningly, informs me that it can't find dictionaries. Can't find out where it's looking so don't know where to check. (Documentation for Linux says to try 'lyx -dbg files' to learn this but on OS X 'which lyx' draws a blank.) And so on... Any thoughts? (I know about running 'Reconfigure'. There appear to be no good instructions anyway for installing dictionaries on OS X -- there is a brief account of how to install the hunspell *software*, but nothing about *dictionaries* for OS X that I can find.)
Re: Smart single quotes in LyX (1.6.1, Mac OS X 10.5.6)
Thanks for your reply. This doesn't quite address what I was after: almost, but not quite. In case it's of use to others I'm going to explain what I wanted again, then how I have a sort-of solution, or more accurately a solution that raises another problem in it's place. I was asking for a means to set up LyX so that whenever I type a single quote ('), the single quote would be treated as a smart quote, i.e. LyX would interpret it as an open or close quote as appropriate. (I was not trying to set some key sequence to generate a smart single quote, I already knew how to do that--that's actually what I wanted to *stop* having to do, a key sequence is already set for generating a smart single quote by default. I was trying to get a single quote to be treated as a smart quote without having to remember to type a special key sequence.) Furthermore, what I really wanted was to still get a straight quote, using a key sequence. The overall effect wanted was that of having a key sequence that might by default generate a smart quote, generate a straight quote and have the quote character default to a smart quote. This can be achieved with the double quotes; I was trying to achieve the same with a single quote. If you try set ' to be the mapped key in the fashion BH describes, LyX will complain that: Shortcut `'' is already bound to: self-insert You need to remove that binding before creating a new one. These self-insert bindings seem to be set in a file held within the application bundle, so strictly speaking this solution should be out of bounds to an end user. Ideally what would nice was a means to have ' act as a smart quote through the user interface, and hopefully in a way I will not have keep manually updating the binding each time I update LyX. This doesn't seem to be possible at present. My eventual sort-of solution was to edit the latinkeys.bind file (in the 'bind' directory of the Resources section of the application), so that \bind quoteright self-insert now reads: \bind quoteright quote-insert single This certainly makes all single quotes appear as smart quotes, except now I can't find a way to map cmd-' (or whatever) to generate a straight quote, as it insists on generating a quote-insert single! While I suspect there will be a solution to this somehow, this does suggest to me that the system for applying character mappings has some weaknesses. Grant On Thu, Mar 19, 2009 at 9:53 PM, Grant Jacobs gjac...@bioinfotools.com wrote: Is there a means to make smart *single* quotes the default in the same way as is done for double quotes? LyX Preferences Editing Shortcuts 1. Enter quote in the Show key-bindings containing field 2. select quote-insert single 3. click the Modify button 4. click the Clear button on the dialog that pops up 5. type the key you want to bind smart single quotes to 6. click OK 7. click Save Bennett -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 18 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com
Re: Smart single quotes in LyX (1.6.1, Mac OS X 10.5.6)
Thanks for your reply. This doesn't quite address what I was after: almost, but not quite. In case it's of use to others I'm going to explain what I wanted again, then how I have a sort-of solution, or more accurately a solution that raises another problem in it's place. I was asking for a means to set up LyX so that whenever I type a single quote ('), the single quote would be treated as a smart quote, i.e. LyX would interpret it as an open or close quote as appropriate. (I was not trying to set some key sequence to generate a smart single quote, I already knew how to do that--that's actually what I wanted to *stop* having to do, a key sequence is already set for generating a smart single quote by default. I was trying to get a single quote to be treated as a smart quote without having to remember to type a special key sequence.) Furthermore, what I really wanted was to still get a straight quote, using a key sequence. The overall effect wanted was that of having a key sequence that might by default generate a smart quote, generate a straight quote and have the quote character default to a smart quote. This can be achieved with the double quotes; I was trying to achieve the same with a single quote. If you try set ' to be the mapped key in the fashion BH describes, LyX will complain that: Shortcut `'' is already bound to: self-insert You need to remove that binding before creating a new one. These self-insert bindings seem to be set in a file held within the application bundle, so strictly speaking this solution should be out of bounds to an end user. Ideally what would nice was a means to have ' act as a smart quote through the user interface, and hopefully in a way I will not have keep manually updating the binding each time I update LyX. This doesn't seem to be possible at present. My eventual sort-of solution was to edit the latinkeys.bind file (in the 'bind' directory of the Resources section of the application), so that \bind quoteright self-insert now reads: \bind quoteright quote-insert single This certainly makes all single quotes appear as smart quotes, except now I can't find a way to map cmd-' (or whatever) to generate a straight quote, as it insists on generating a quote-insert single! While I suspect there will be a solution to this somehow, this does suggest to me that the system for applying character mappings has some weaknesses. Grant On Thu, Mar 19, 2009 at 9:53 PM, Grant Jacobs gjac...@bioinfotools.com wrote: Is there a means to make smart *single* quotes the default in the same way as is done for double quotes? LyX Preferences Editing Shortcuts 1. Enter quote in the Show key-bindings containing field 2. select quote-insert single 3. click the Modify button 4. click the Clear button on the dialog that pops up 5. type the key you want to bind smart single quotes to 6. click OK 7. click Save Bennett -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 18 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com
Re: Smart single quotes in LyX (1.6.1, Mac OS X 10.5.6)
Thanks for your reply. This doesn't quite address what I was after: almost, but not quite. In case it's of use to others I'm going to explain what I wanted again, then how I have a sort-of solution, or more accurately a solution that raises another problem in it's place. I was asking for a means to set up LyX so that whenever I type a single quote ('), the single quote would be treated as a "smart" quote, i.e. LyX would interpret it as an open or close quote as appropriate. (I was not trying to set some key sequence to generate a smart single quote, I already knew how to do that--that's actually what I wanted to *stop* having to do, a key sequence is already set for generating a "smart" single quote by default. I was trying to get a single quote to be treated as a smart quote without having to remember to type a "special" key sequence.) Furthermore, what I really wanted was to still get a "straight" quote, using a key sequence. The overall effect wanted was that of having a key sequence that might by default generate a "smart quote", generate a straight quote and have the quote character default to a smart quote. This can be achieved with the double quotes; I was trying to achieve the same with a single quote. If you try set "'" to be the "mapped" key in the fashion BH describes, LyX will complain that: Shortcut `'' is already bound to: self-insert You need to remove that binding before creating a new one. These "self-insert" bindings seem to be set in a file held within the application bundle, so "strictly speaking" this solution should be out of bounds to an end user. Ideally what would nice was a means to have "'" act as a "smart quote" through the user interface, and hopefully in a way I will not have keep manually updating the binding each time I update LyX. This doesn't seem to be possible at present. My eventual sort-of solution was to edit the latinkeys.bind file (in the 'bind' directory of the Resources section of the application), so that \bind "quoteright" "self-insert" now reads: \bind "quoteright" "quote-insert single" This certainly makes all single quotes appear as "smart quotes", except now I can't find a way to map cmd-' (or whatever) to generate a "straight" quote, as it insists on generating a "quote-insert single"! While I suspect there will be a solution to this somehow, this does suggest to me that the system for applying character mappings has some weaknesses. Grant On Thu, Mar 19, 2009 at 9:53 PM, Grant Jacobs <gjac...@bioinfotools.com> wrote: Is there a means to make "smart" *single* quotes the default in the same way as is done for double quotes? LyX > Preferences > Editing > Shortcuts 1. Enter "quote" in the "Show key-bindings containing" field 2. select "quote-insert single" 3. click the "Modify button" 4. click the "Clear" button on the dialog that pops up 5. type the key you want to bind smart single quotes to 6. click "OK" 7. click "Save" Bennett -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 18 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com
ReadMe-162.pdf for Mac OS X is in terrible shape
re: ReadMe-162.pdf for Mac OS X is in terrible shape This is, I believe, output from LyX, and in present form a very poor advertisement for the product. All digits seem to be missing from the file, e.g. what I believe is 'LyX 1.6.2.1' is rendered as 'LyX . . . ' Some words have the first couple of letters missing. Aside from the poor advertising it makes it rather hard to read! Grant -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 18 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com
ReadMe-162.pdf for Mac OS X is in terrible shape
re: ReadMe-162.pdf for Mac OS X is in terrible shape This is, I believe, output from LyX, and in present form a very poor advertisement for the product. All digits seem to be missing from the file, e.g. what I believe is 'LyX 1.6.2.1' is rendered as 'LyX . . . ' Some words have the first couple of letters missing. Aside from the poor advertising it makes it rather hard to read! Grant -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 18 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com
ReadMe-162.pdf for Mac OS X is in terrible shape
re: ReadMe-162.pdf for Mac OS X is in terrible shape This is, I believe, output from LyX, and in present form a very poor advertisement for the product. All digits seem to be missing from the file, e.g. what I believe is 'LyX 1.6.2.1' is rendered as 'LyX . . . ' Some words have the first couple of letters missing. Aside from the poor advertising it makes it rather hard to read! Grant -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 18 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com
Smart single quotes in LyX (1.6.1, Mac OS X 10.5.6)
Is there a means to make smart *single* quotes the default in the same way as is done for double quotes? Or, alternatively, is there a simple means to have LyX recognise that if a user enters ' LyX should treat it as if the user had entered shift-alt-' (or shift-ctrl-')? I suspect that they might be some way of persuading this to happen from the key mapping files, but I've already wasted too much time trying to figure this out. (In any event locate doesn't report any .kdef files, so I have no idea where to look for them them yet!) Grant -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 18 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com
Smart single quotes in LyX (1.6.1, Mac OS X 10.5.6)
Is there a means to make smart *single* quotes the default in the same way as is done for double quotes? Or, alternatively, is there a simple means to have LyX recognise that if a user enters ' LyX should treat it as if the user had entered shift-alt-' (or shift-ctrl-')? I suspect that they might be some way of persuading this to happen from the key mapping files, but I've already wasted too much time trying to figure this out. (In any event locate doesn't report any .kdef files, so I have no idea where to look for them them yet!) Grant -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 18 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com
Smart single quotes in LyX (1.6.1, Mac OS X 10.5.6)
Is there a means to make "smart" *single* quotes the default in the same way as is done for double quotes? Or, alternatively, is there a simple means to have LyX recognise that if a user enters ' LyX should treat it as if the user had entered shift-alt-' (or shift-ctrl-')? I suspect that they might be some way of persuading this to happen from the key mapping files, but I've already wasted too much time trying to figure this out. (In any event locate doesn't report any .kdef files, so I have no idea where to look for them them yet!) Grant -- ------- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 18 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com
LyX 1.6.1 on OS X unable to handle diacritic marks in .bib files
Having *finally* managed to persuade LyX to generate bibliographies at all, I now find that LyX seemingly cannot handle characters with diacritic marks (i.e. UniCode) in .bib files when exporting them to PDF, etc. Unfortunately this really has to work for me as it will be the case with a very large number of European, etc., author's names and so on. If this is how it is meant to be or the way it is, *please* add some information to this effect in the tutorial and user guide or somewhere prominent, so that users needing this can quit early and look for another another solution. On the other hand, the internationalisation section of the features blurb mentions unicode compliance in passing... Does anyone have any remedies for this? Preferably simple: I am all out of time to do more of the kind of fiddling I have had to do so far. I've tried setting the language encoding to utf8, but it generates an empty document and complains that 'utf8.def' isn't present. Setting language encoding to 'Unicode (XeTeX) generates output (without crashing during the conversion), but the characters aren't correct. I can't generate plain text (ps2ascii) at all. Generating PostScript, generates output but also gets the characters wrong. And on it goes, randomly trying this, that and the other in vain attempts to make something work...! :-( Is there some version or other of the main LaTeX installation that I am supposed to be using? (And if that's the case, shouldn't LyX be check that it's a sane choice, etc?) Grant Jacobs -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message. This applies also to any attached documents.
LyX 1.6.1 on OS X unable to handle diacritic marks in .bib files
Thanks for explaining this. Its a damn nuisance I have admit, as I've spend a long time trying to resolve this when I have little time to spare really. I thought I was starting a new thread: I set a new subject line. Is there some other thing I am supposed to do to make that happen?? I'm not working via a web interface, and most list software I've used just works off the subject lines... If people are updating that part of the docs, it'd be good to see it *explain* how to make bibliographies work: the explanation currently there is leaving too much out. I'm too busy to help (grant application due, etc.) One thing that bothers me about this being a BibTeX issue, is that BibDesk writes these characters to RTF just fine. (It would tempt me to think that there might a work-around that gets this directly from BibDesk, avoiding BibTex.) I've tried saving the biblio as a RTF file from BibDesk, then importing that into a LyX document, but I got An error occurred on while running rtf2latex 'file'. (Feels like nothing wants to work over here!) Does rtf2latex suffer the same problem as BibTex? The idea was to set up a template in BibDesk to generate the right format, write that. In LyX, let LyX do the citations (which it seems to do OK, not that I can test it that well yet), import the RTF biblio (via BiBDesk) into the right place, and just delete the LyX-generated biblio from the final exported format using a PDF editor or whatnot. I would try the equivalent using HTML and importing that, but the formatting/styling in HTML might be even more limited. Grant Jacobs -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message. This applies also to any attached documents.
Re: LyX 1.6.1 on OS X unable to handle diacritic marks in .bib files
Since writing below I have found a work-around, which I hope will continue working on the biblio files: In BibDesk, convert the bibtex database into bibtex. This seems a little daft at first, but I picked this up on reading that on importing and exporting BibDesk converts umlauts, etc. into the LaTeX equivalent. My guess was that by converting to the same format, would have the effect of standardising the umlauts, etc. I have a suspicion that the software I used to gather the references doesn't know the LaTeX encodings for the umlauts, etc. and just left them in their original UniCode. For developers: Is there any sense in having bibtex convert files in the same way as I have (i.e. from bibtex to bibtex) to standardise the files before LyX takes them up? While redundant for many users, it might catch non-standard things and may make this just work, at least for the situation I have. This may also provide a means of testing that the bibliography is in a standard (or understandable) format and report a meaningful error if it's not. (The current error messages are a tad too geeky for non-programmers, etc.) I haven't time to do let them know right now, but BibDesk ideally should let users know that on loading a database, it had to convert some stuff, i.e. that the internal version of it is tainted with respect to the disk version, so that users are warned/asked to save the conversions, etc.--? Perhaps even insist that they do it immediately after loading it. You're welcome to read the rest, I might as well let it stand in case it's of use to anyone, but what's above it the nutshell take. Grant Grant Jacobs wrote: One thing that bothers me about this being a BibTeX issue, is that BibDesk writes these characters to RTF just fine. (It would tempt me to think that there might a work-around that gets this directly from BibDesk, avoiding BibTex.) 0) You have not understood the concept behind BibDesk - it's only a sophisticated frontend to the database (bib) file that bibtex uses. Try to read up on this. Actually I do understand it ;-) No offence, but if you knew the effort I have put into this, telling me to Try to read up on this is a bit rich! :-) 1) You can enter the TeX-replacements for the special characters in the bib-file (or in Bibdesk) instead of the unicode characters. See http://www.bibtex.org/SpecialSymbols/ Since you say it is mostly for European author names, this should be enough. Doing this manually is not a practical option. [Resolved above, though] 2) Make sure you use a recent version of BibDesk. Also, TeXLive-2008 and LyX 1.6.1 won't hurt. LyX is 1.6.1 as the subject line says, BibDesk is the latest version. Tex will be a little older (I have TexLive-2008 on disk, but I wanted to leave installation of that until later, as I didn't wanted a messed-up installation delaying me even more!) HTH, In an indirect way: it lead to seeing the comment about BiBDesk converting on importing and exporting, etc. in a doc on the web. Long story. Konrad P.S. Forget the path via RTF! OK. Bit surprised though: there is an exporter for it in BibDesk and an importer in LyX, so in principle it should work, right? (But obviously not for some reason...!) At 3:32 PM +0100 26/1/09, Konrad Hofbauer wrote: Make sure you have 'Unicode to TeX Conversion' enabled in BibDesk's 'Files' Preferences !!! Obviously :-) (I've already been all over the Preferences of both programs looking for likely things, googling, etc. I make a point of trying hard myself before resorting to forums. Among others things, the back-and-forth in forums takes a lot of time. I've put literally hours into this. I hope you can my perspective: I really expected this to just work as BibDesk must be used by most LyX users and UniCode is so universal now... and all the rest. Fair point about bibtex's age, though. [See my comment about the file format though, para. 3 above.]) Grant -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message
LyX 1.6.1 on OS X unable to handle diacritic marks in .bib files
Having *finally* managed to persuade LyX to generate bibliographies at all, I now find that LyX seemingly cannot handle characters with diacritic marks (i.e. UniCode) in .bib files when exporting them to PDF, etc. Unfortunately this really has to work for me as it will be the case with a very large number of European, etc., author's names and so on. If this is how it is meant to be or the way it is, *please* add some information to this effect in the tutorial and user guide or somewhere prominent, so that users needing this can quit early and look for another another solution. On the other hand, the internationalisation section of the features blurb mentions unicode compliance in passing... Does anyone have any remedies for this? Preferably simple: I am all out of time to do more of the kind of fiddling I have had to do so far. I've tried setting the language encoding to utf8, but it generates an empty document and complains that 'utf8.def' isn't present. Setting language encoding to 'Unicode (XeTeX) generates output (without crashing during the conversion), but the characters aren't correct. I can't generate plain text (ps2ascii) at all. Generating PostScript, generates output but also gets the characters wrong. And on it goes, randomly trying this, that and the other in vain attempts to make something work...! :-( Is there some version or other of the main LaTeX installation that I am supposed to be using? (And if that's the case, shouldn't LyX be check that it's a sane choice, etc?) Grant Jacobs -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message. This applies also to any attached documents.
LyX 1.6.1 on OS X unable to handle diacritic marks in .bib files
Thanks for explaining this. Its a damn nuisance I have admit, as I've spend a long time trying to resolve this when I have little time to spare really. I thought I was starting a new thread: I set a new subject line. Is there some other thing I am supposed to do to make that happen?? I'm not working via a web interface, and most list software I've used just works off the subject lines... If people are updating that part of the docs, it'd be good to see it *explain* how to make bibliographies work: the explanation currently there is leaving too much out. I'm too busy to help (grant application due, etc.) One thing that bothers me about this being a BibTeX issue, is that BibDesk writes these characters to RTF just fine. (It would tempt me to think that there might a work-around that gets this directly from BibDesk, avoiding BibTex.) I've tried saving the biblio as a RTF file from BibDesk, then importing that into a LyX document, but I got An error occurred on while running rtf2latex 'file'. (Feels like nothing wants to work over here!) Does rtf2latex suffer the same problem as BibTex? The idea was to set up a template in BibDesk to generate the right format, write that. In LyX, let LyX do the citations (which it seems to do OK, not that I can test it that well yet), import the RTF biblio (via BiBDesk) into the right place, and just delete the LyX-generated biblio from the final exported format using a PDF editor or whatnot. I would try the equivalent using HTML and importing that, but the formatting/styling in HTML might be even more limited. Grant Jacobs -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message. This applies also to any attached documents.
Re: LyX 1.6.1 on OS X unable to handle diacritic marks in .bib files
Since writing below I have found a work-around, which I hope will continue working on the biblio files: In BibDesk, convert the bibtex database into bibtex. This seems a little daft at first, but I picked this up on reading that on importing and exporting BibDesk converts umlauts, etc. into the LaTeX equivalent. My guess was that by converting to the same format, would have the effect of standardising the umlauts, etc. I have a suspicion that the software I used to gather the references doesn't know the LaTeX encodings for the umlauts, etc. and just left them in their original UniCode. For developers: Is there any sense in having bibtex convert files in the same way as I have (i.e. from bibtex to bibtex) to standardise the files before LyX takes them up? While redundant for many users, it might catch non-standard things and may make this just work, at least for the situation I have. This may also provide a means of testing that the bibliography is in a standard (or understandable) format and report a meaningful error if it's not. (The current error messages are a tad too geeky for non-programmers, etc.) I haven't time to do let them know right now, but BibDesk ideally should let users know that on loading a database, it had to convert some stuff, i.e. that the internal version of it is tainted with respect to the disk version, so that users are warned/asked to save the conversions, etc.--? Perhaps even insist that they do it immediately after loading it. You're welcome to read the rest, I might as well let it stand in case it's of use to anyone, but what's above it the nutshell take. Grant Grant Jacobs wrote: One thing that bothers me about this being a BibTeX issue, is that BibDesk writes these characters to RTF just fine. (It would tempt me to think that there might a work-around that gets this directly from BibDesk, avoiding BibTex.) 0) You have not understood the concept behind BibDesk - it's only a sophisticated frontend to the database (bib) file that bibtex uses. Try to read up on this. Actually I do understand it ;-) No offence, but if you knew the effort I have put into this, telling me to Try to read up on this is a bit rich! :-) 1) You can enter the TeX-replacements for the special characters in the bib-file (or in Bibdesk) instead of the unicode characters. See http://www.bibtex.org/SpecialSymbols/ Since you say it is mostly for European author names, this should be enough. Doing this manually is not a practical option. [Resolved above, though] 2) Make sure you use a recent version of BibDesk. Also, TeXLive-2008 and LyX 1.6.1 won't hurt. LyX is 1.6.1 as the subject line says, BibDesk is the latest version. Tex will be a little older (I have TexLive-2008 on disk, but I wanted to leave installation of that until later, as I didn't wanted a messed-up installation delaying me even more!) HTH, In an indirect way: it lead to seeing the comment about BiBDesk converting on importing and exporting, etc. in a doc on the web. Long story. Konrad P.S. Forget the path via RTF! OK. Bit surprised though: there is an exporter for it in BibDesk and an importer in LyX, so in principle it should work, right? (But obviously not for some reason...!) At 3:32 PM +0100 26/1/09, Konrad Hofbauer wrote: Make sure you have 'Unicode to TeX Conversion' enabled in BibDesk's 'Files' Preferences !!! Obviously :-) (I've already been all over the Preferences of both programs looking for likely things, googling, etc. I make a point of trying hard myself before resorting to forums. Among others things, the back-and-forth in forums takes a lot of time. I've put literally hours into this. I hope you can my perspective: I really expected this to just work as BibDesk must be used by most LyX users and UniCode is so universal now... and all the rest. Fair point about bibtex's age, though. [See my comment about the file format though, para. 3 above.]) Grant -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message
LyX 1.6.1 on OS X unable to handle diacritic marks in .bib files
Having *finally* managed to persuade LyX to generate bibliographies at all, I now find that LyX seemingly cannot handle characters with diacritic marks (i.e. UniCode) in .bib files when exporting them to PDF, etc. Unfortunately this really has to work for me as it will be the case with a very large number of European, etc., author's names and so on. If this is "how it is meant to be" or "the way it is", *please* add some information to this effect in the tutorial and user guide or somewhere prominent, so that users needing this can "quit early" and look for another another solution. On the other hand, the "internationalisation" section of the "features" blurb mentions "unicode compliance" in passing... Does anyone have any remedies for this? Preferably simple: I am all out of time to do more of the kind of fiddling I have had to do so far. I've tried setting the language encoding to utf8, but it generates an empty document and complains that 'utf8.def' isn't present. Setting language encoding to 'Unicode (XeTeX) generates output (without "crashing" during the conversion), but the characters aren't correct. I can't generate plain text (ps2ascii) at all. Generating PostScript, generates output but also gets the characters wrong. And on it goes, randomly trying this, that and the other in vain attempts to make something work...! :-( Is there some version or other of the main LaTeX installation that I am "supposed" to be using? (And if that's the case, shouldn't LyX be check that it's a sane choice, etc?) Grant Jacobs -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message. This applies also to any attached documents.
LyX 1.6.1 on OS X unable to handle diacritic marks in .bib files
Thanks for explaining this. Its a damn nuisance I have admit, as I've spend a long time trying to resolve this when I have little time to spare really. I thought I was starting a new thread: I set a new subject line. Is there some other thing I am supposed to do to make that happen?? I'm not working via a web interface, and most list software I've used just works off the subject lines... If people are updating that part of the docs, it'd be good to see it *explain* how to make bibliographies work: the "explanation" currently there is leaving too much out. I'm too busy to help (grant application due, etc.) One thing that bothers me about this being a BibTeX issue, is that BibDesk writes these characters to RTF just fine. (It would tempt me to think that there might a work-around that gets this directly from BibDesk, avoiding BibTex.) I've tried saving the biblio as a RTF file from BibDesk, then importing that into a LyX document, but I got "An error occurred on while running rtf2latex 'file'". (Feels like nothing wants to work over here!) Does rtf2latex suffer the same problem as BibTex? The idea was to set up a template in BibDesk to generate the right format, write that. In LyX, let LyX do the citations (which it seems to do OK, not that I can test it that well yet), import the RTF biblio (via BiBDesk) into the right place, and just delete the LyX-generated biblio from the final exported format using a PDF editor or whatnot. I would try the equivalent using HTML and importing that, but the formatting/styling in HTML might be even more limited. Grant Jacobs -- ------- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message. This applies also to any attached documents.
Re: LyX 1.6.1 on OS X unable to handle diacritic marks in .bib files
Since writing below I have found a work-around, which I hope will continue working on the biblio files: In BibDesk, convert the bibtex database into bibtex. This seems a little daft at first, but I picked this up on reading that on importing and exporting BibDesk converts umlauts, etc. into the LaTeX equivalent. My guess was that by "converting" to the same format, would have the effect of "standardising" the umlauts, etc. I have a suspicion that the software I used to gather the references doesn't know" the LaTeX encodings for the umlauts, etc. and just left them in their original UniCode. For developers: Is there any sense in having bibtex "convert" files in the same way as I have (i.e. from bibtex to bibtex) to "standardise" the files before LyX takes them up? While redundant for many users, it might "catch" non-standard things and may make this "just work", at least for the situation I have. This may also provide a means of testing that the bibliography is in a standard (or understandable) format and report a meaningful error if it's not. (The current error messages are a tad too geeky for non-programmers, etc.) I haven't time to do let them know right now, but BibDesk ideally should let users know that on loading a database, it had to convert some stuff, i.e. that the internal version of it is "tainted" with respect to the disk version, so that users are warned/asked to save the conversions, etc.--? Perhaps even insist that they do it immediately after loading it. You're welcome to read the rest, I might as well let it stand in case it's of use to anyone, but what's above it the nutshell take. Grant Grant Jacobs wrote: One thing that bothers me about this being a BibTeX issue, is that BibDesk writes these characters to RTF just fine. (It would tempt me to think that there might a work-around that gets this directly from BibDesk, avoiding BibTex.) 0) You have not understood the concept behind BibDesk - it's only a sophisticated frontend to the database (bib) file that bibtex uses. Try to read up on this. Actually I do understand it ;-) No offence, but if you knew the effort I have put into this, telling me to "Try to read up on this" is a bit rich! :-) 1) You can enter the TeX-replacements for the special characters in the bib-file (or in Bibdesk) instead of the unicode characters. See <http://www.bibtex.org/SpecialSymbols/> Since you say it is mostly for European author names, this should be enough. Doing this manually is not a practical option. [Resolved above, though] 2) Make sure you use a recent version of BibDesk. Also, TeXLive-2008 and LyX 1.6.1 won't hurt. LyX is 1.6.1 as the subject line says, BibDesk is the latest version. Tex will be a little older (I have TexLive-2008 on disk, but I wanted to leave installation of that until later, as I didn't wanted a messed-up installation delaying me even more!) HTH, In an indirect way: it lead to seeing the comment about BiBDesk converting on importing and exporting, etc. in a doc on the web. Long story. Konrad P.S. Forget the path via RTF! OK. Bit surprised though: there is an exporter for it in BibDesk and an importer in LyX, so in principle it should work, right? (But obviously not for some reason...!) At 3:32 PM +0100 26/1/09, Konrad Hofbauer wrote: Make sure you have 'Unicode to TeX Conversion' enabled in BibDesk's 'Files' Preferences !!! Obviously :-) (I've already been all over the Preferences of both programs looking for "likely things", googling, etc. I make a point of trying hard myself before resorting to forums. Among others things, the back-and-forth in forums takes a lot of time. I've put literally hours into this. I hope you can my perspective: I really expected this to "just work" as BibDesk must be used by most LyX users and UniCode is so universal now... and all the rest. Fair point about bibtex's age, though. [See my comment about the file format though, para. 3 above.]) Grant -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of
Unable to set shortcuts in LyX 1.6.1
I am trying understand how to set a keyboard shortcut to font-ita in LyX 1.6.1, but it just doesn't seem to work for me. I go to Preferences Fonts, Layouts and Textclasses then select 'font-ital', then press 'Modify'. I enter my shortcut (alt-cmd-I), then press 'OK'. LyX then showed that I how had *two* entries for font-ital, the original with no shortcut and a new one below it with my shortcut. (This is a bit confusing, as I asked it to *Modify* the entry, not create a new duplicate.) I note there is a feature whereby a user can 'Remove' actions with shortcuts assigned to them, but not those without shortcuts assigned to them. None of the actions with shortcuts assigned to them have a duplicate with no shortcut, only the new one I have added/modified. In any event, now back in my text, I select some text and press alt-cmd-I and nothing happens. I have tried quite a number of different shortcuts and the outcomes is always the same: no action is taken on applying the shortcut to selected text. I would appreciate it if anyone can advise me what the problem is. I am aware that there is a type called emphasis, but to me that reads as what the system decides at some later time to represent emphasis. I want italics, and *only* italics. Emphasis could in principle be any number of a range of things, e.g. small caps, boldface, an alternative font type, etc. (For example, names of animal species must be in italics, not some arbitrary emphasis type of the writer's choice.) I have tried creating new shortcuts from scratch (using 'New' rather than 'Modify') but this doesn't provide a work-around: still no activity. I've also tried using it in different Spaces, but that doesn't seem to be the issue. Furthermore, LyX crashed on me (ironically while trying to save a file on quitting). One unexpected thing here was that it asked me to save the file, claiming the backup was newer, but I hadn't touched the file in quite some time, so the automatic save should have meant that both the backup and current file had the same date/time. Anyway, in doing so it forgot what windows I had open. Grant -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message. This applies also to any attached documents.
Unable to set shortcuts in LyX 1.6.1
I am trying understand how to set a keyboard shortcut to font-ita in LyX 1.6.1, but it just doesn't seem to work for me. I go to Preferences Fonts, Layouts and Textclasses then select 'font-ital', then press 'Modify'. I enter my shortcut (alt-cmd-I), then press 'OK'. LyX then showed that I how had *two* entries for font-ital, the original with no shortcut and a new one below it with my shortcut. (This is a bit confusing, as I asked it to *Modify* the entry, not create a new duplicate.) I note there is a feature whereby a user can 'Remove' actions with shortcuts assigned to them, but not those without shortcuts assigned to them. None of the actions with shortcuts assigned to them have a duplicate with no shortcut, only the new one I have added/modified. In any event, now back in my text, I select some text and press alt-cmd-I and nothing happens. I have tried quite a number of different shortcuts and the outcomes is always the same: no action is taken on applying the shortcut to selected text. I would appreciate it if anyone can advise me what the problem is. I am aware that there is a type called emphasis, but to me that reads as what the system decides at some later time to represent emphasis. I want italics, and *only* italics. Emphasis could in principle be any number of a range of things, e.g. small caps, boldface, an alternative font type, etc. (For example, names of animal species must be in italics, not some arbitrary emphasis type of the writer's choice.) I have tried creating new shortcuts from scratch (using 'New' rather than 'Modify') but this doesn't provide a work-around: still no activity. I've also tried using it in different Spaces, but that doesn't seem to be the issue. Furthermore, LyX crashed on me (ironically while trying to save a file on quitting). One unexpected thing here was that it asked me to save the file, claiming the backup was newer, but I hadn't touched the file in quite some time, so the automatic save should have meant that both the backup and current file had the same date/time. Anyway, in doing so it forgot what windows I had open. Grant -- --- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message. This applies also to any attached documents.
Unable to set shortcuts in LyX 1.6.1
I am trying understand how to set a keyboard shortcut to font-ita in LyX 1.6.1, but it just doesn't seem to work for me. I go to Preferences > Fonts, Layouts and Textclasses then select 'font-ital', then press 'Modify'. I enter my shortcut (alt-cmd-I), then press 'OK'. LyX then showed that I how had *two* entries for font-ital, the original with no shortcut and a new one below it with my shortcut. (This is a bit confusing, as I asked it to *Modify* the entry, not create a new duplicate.) I note there is a "feature" whereby a user can 'Remove' actions with shortcuts assigned to them, but not those without shortcuts assigned to them. None of the actions with shortcuts assigned to them have a "duplicate" with no shortcut, only the new one I have added/modified. In any event, now back in my text, I select some text and press alt-cmd-I and nothing happens. I have tried quite a number of different shortcuts and the outcomes is always the same: no action is taken on applying the shortcut to selected text. I would appreciate it if anyone can advise me what the problem is. I am aware that there is a type called "emphasis", but to me that reads as "what the system decides at some later time to represent emphasis". I want italics, and *only* italics. Emphasis could in principle be any number of a range of things, e.g. small caps, boldface, an alternative font type, etc. (For example, names of animal species must be in italics, not some arbitrary "emphasis" type of the writer's choice.) I have tried creating new shortcuts from scratch (using 'New' rather than 'Modify') but this doesn't provide a work-around: still no activity. I've also tried using it in different Spaces, but that doesn't seem to be the issue. Furthermore, LyX crashed on me (ironically while trying to save a file on quitting). One unexpected thing here was that it asked me to save the file, claiming the backup was newer, but I hadn't touched the file in quite some time, so the automatic save should have meant that both the backup and current file had the same date/time. Anyway, in doing so it "forgot" what windows I had open. Grant -- ------- Grant Jacobs Ph.D. BioinfoTools ph. +64 3 478 0095 (office, after 10am) PO Box 6129, or +64 27 601 5917 (mobile) Dunedin, gjac...@bioinfotools.com NEW ZEALAND. Bioinformatics tools: deriving knowledge from biological data Bioinformatics tools - software development - consulting - training 15 years experience in bioinformatics ready to solve your problem Check out the website for more details: http://www.bioinfotools.com The information contained in this mail message is confidential and may be legally privileged. Readers of this message who are not the intended recipient are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or reproduction of this message is prohibited. If you have received this message in error please notify the sender immed- iately and destroy the original message. This applies also to any attached documents.