Re: UNIX commands font
On Feb 13 18:59:45, lar...@macports.org wrote: On Feb 13, 2013, at 6:23 PM, Alejandro Imass aim...@yabarana.com wrote: Linux tutorials (which are plentiful) will work as well, but remember that Mac OS X is more BSD-like with some Linux accents like the bash shell. I don't see how bash is a Linux-ism. Nobody said linuxism, but the Linuces indeed tend to use the bash shell. Do modern BSDs tend to default to another shell? Yes. In any case, changing shells is trivial. Yes, diverting from the default and subscribing to something incompatible with the default shell is indeed trivial. ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
Indeed, bash is the default shell on linux ... by default. You can change it, and for instance, certain database softwares will require that either csh or ksh be the login shell. I don't see how bash is a Linux-ism. I see the point: bash tends to be associated with Linux. However, you may run bash on pretty much any *nix. Do modern BSDs tend to default to another shell? Yes. FreeBSD defaults to csh, OpenBSD and NetBSD to ksh. In any case, changing shells is trivial. Easier than to pronounce: chsh. Yes, diverting from the default and subscribing to something incompatible with the default shell is indeed trivial. That's why well-written scripts start with a SheBanghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shebang_(Unix): rule of scriptisation #287, never assume anything about the environment your script will run on. -- Jean Gobin, CCENT, CCNA, CCNA Security http://newsfromjean.blogspot.com/ ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Feb 21, 2013, at 4:02 AM, Jean Gobin jeanfgo...@gmail.com wrote: FreeBSD defaults to csh, OpenBSD and NetBSD to ksh. Up until recently ?? Tiger maybe?? ... OSX also defaulted to ksh. T.T.F.N. William H. Magill # iMac11,3 Core i7 [2.93GHz - 8 GB 1067MHz] OS X 10.8.2 # MacBook Pro4.1 Core 2 Duo [2.5GHz - 4GB 667] OS X 10.6.8 # Macmini6,1 Intel Core i5 [2.5 Ghz - 4GB 1600MHz] OS X 10.8.1 mag...@mac.com whmag...@gmail.com ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On 2/21/13 10:15 AM, William H. Magill wrote: Up until recently ?? Tiger maybe?? ... OSX also defaulted to ksh. I don't think that's correct. On 10.2 OS X defaulted to tcsh, then switched to bash on 10.3. I remember this because the syntax of shell scripts was so different. -- Kevin Walzer Code by Kevin/Mobile Code by Kevin http://www.codebykevin.com http://www.wtmobilesoftware.com ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Thu, Feb 21, 2013 at 10:15 AM, William H. Magill mag...@mac.com wrote: On Feb 21, 2013, at 4:02 AM, Jean Gobin jeanfgo...@gmail.com wrote: FreeBSD defaults to csh, OpenBSD and NetBSD to ksh. Up until recently ?? Tiger maybe?? ... OSX also defaulted to ksh. Pre-Tiger, user accounts had csh, as I understand it. -- brandon s allbery kf8nh sine nomine associates allber...@gmail.com ballb...@sinenomine.net unix, openafs, kerberos, infrastructure, xmonadhttp://sinenomine.net ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Feb 21, 2013, at 10:18 AM, Kevin Walzer k...@codebykevin.com wrote: On 2/21/13 10:15 AM, William H. Magill wrote: Up until recently ?? Tiger maybe?? ... OSX also defaulted to ksh. I don't think that's correct. On 10.2 OS X defaulted to tcsh, then switched to bash on 10.3. I remember this because the syntax of shell scripts was so different. Aha... you are correct. ... I think that while tsch was the default, ksh was also present... or maybe it was ksh configured to be tsch or vice versaor was that zsh? Over the years, I have supported and run on so many different *nixs that I have a whole stable of set-up scripts that configure them all to look the same. Consequently, they all run together anymore -- one of the advantages :) of being retired. T.T.F.N. William H. Magill # iMac11,3 Core i7 [2.93GHz - 8 GB 1067MHz] OS X 10.8.2 # MacBook Pro4.1 Core 2 Duo [2.5GHz - 4GB 667] OS X 10.6.8 # Macmini6,1 Intel Core i5 [2.5 Ghz - 4GB 1600MHz] OS X 10.8.1 mag...@mac.com whmag...@gmail.com ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
- Lawrence Velázquez lar...@macports.org [2013-02-13 21:53:16 -0500] - : On Feb 13, 2013, at 9:22 PM, Alejandro Imass aim...@yabarana.com wrote: Do modern BSDs tend to default to another shell? sh and maybe tcsh - no bash included on most BSDs AFAIK unless it's from ports. Huh. I don't recall having to use tcsh the last time I used FreeBSD, but I very well might have installed zsh from ports during the installation process, avoiding the default shell entirely. Yes, FreeBSD defaults to csh which is a link to tcsh; OpenBSD which is my primary platform uses ksh or rather their own modified pdksh. They have incorporated some bash-like things. NetBSD defaults to sh, but you can choose other shells, either csh or ksh - bash is not included in the default installation. -- Primary Key: 4096R/1D31DC38 2011-12-03 Key Fingerprint: A4B9 E875 A18C 6E11 F46D B788 BEE6 1251 1D31 DC38 ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
- Eneko Gotzon Ares enekogot...@gmail.com [2013-02-13 23:25:53 +0100] - : I'm start learning UNIX. Please, is there a canonical way, may be a font, for write UNIX commands among normal text? Thanks! -- Eneko Gotzon Ares When I got my first Mac, I wanted to learn UNIX. I bought some excellent books published by O'Reilly, which focus on the UNIX subsystem of Mac OS X. I can recommend these books or others like it. That's the best way. Also first thing to learn is the shell. Read the man pages and get some books specific to the shell you are going to use. ksh is my preferred shell, bash is probably used more. -- Primary Key: 4096R/1D31DC38 2011-12-03 Key Fingerprint: A4B9 E875 A18C 6E11 F46D B788 BEE6 1251 1D31 DC38 ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
UNIX commands font
I'm start learning UNIX. Please, is there a canonical way, may be a font, for write UNIX commands among normal text? Thanks! -- Eneko Gotzon Ares ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Feb 13, 2013, at 5:25 PM, Eneko Gotzon Ares enekogot...@gmail.com wrote: Please, is there a canonical way, may be a font, for write UNIX commands among normal text? No, but when writing styled text there is a common convention of using a fixed-width typeface for any sort of code. This gives all characters equal weight and helps ensure that the reader does not miscount spaces or misinterpret semicolons and backquotes and such. Of course, you can't change fonts when writing plain text (emails, for instance). In this context, you might set off verbatim commands from prose using blank lines or indentation, especially if you're trying to represent the transcript from a terminal session: % port install foo % port uninstall foo But there's no canonical (or even particularly common) way to do this. It's really up to you, unless you're writing a book or something. Many people just intersperse commands with prose and expect the reader to be able to pick them out, especially in informal settings like mailing lists. vq ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Wed, Feb 13, 2013 at 06:06:43PM -0500, Lawrence Velázquez wrote: Please, is there a canonical way, may be a font, for write UNIX commands among normal text? But there's no canonical (or even particularly common) way to do this. Something you see a lot is marking prompts with $ or some other character combination to denote that the line was typed by the user. The hash (#) often represents super-user commands, while the dollar sign is used for standard user commands, e.g.: $ sudo -s Password: # id uid=0(root) gid=0(wheel) groups=0(wheel),80(admin) # exit $ -- Clemens Lang ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Wed, Feb 13, 2013 at 5:25 PM, Eneko Gotzon Ares enekogot...@gmail.com wrote: I'm start learning UNIX. Please, is there a canonical way, may be a font, for write UNIX commands among normal text? I tried my best to understand the above but failed miserably. Yet going out on a limb: - To type UNIX commands on a Mac you must use the Terminal application normally found in the Utilities folder in the Launchpad - Regarding fonts, I personally use the Pro theme (white on black) with the Menlo 18pt font - this set-up is easy to read and allows me to comfortably code on the shell. You may need to adjust the font size depending on your monitor. - Mac OS X defaults to the bash shell so if you are reading a Unix book some things may not work as expected There are tons of Unix and Linux tutorials out there and for basic stuff it will get you going. Mac OS X is largely based on FreeBSD, that is on the BSD family of Unix so maybe the FreeBSD Handbook might be of help, particularly: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/basics.html Linux tutorials (which are plentiful) will work as well, but remember that Mac OS X is more BSD-like with some Linux accents like the bash shell. MacPorts is a project that provides a port system on the Mac. A ports system allows you to download and compile (generally) Open Source software designed for Unix-like Operating Systems to the Mac. You shouldn't need great Unix knowledge to use MacPorts, apart from basic usage of the shell, and learning the MacPorts documentation available here: http://guide.macports.org On this list I would suspect that you won't get much help for learning how to use your Mac OS X as a Unix box, but rather more specifically on problems with MacPorts. I don't know of any generic list for using the Mac as a Unix box, but perhaps others do and can pitch in their 0.02. Best, -- Alejandro Imass Thanks! -- Eneko Gotzon Ares ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Feb 13, 2013, at 6:17 PM, Clemens Lang c...@macports.org wrote: Something you see a lot is marking prompts with $ or some other character combination to denote that the line was typed by the user. The hash (#) often represents super-user commands, while the dollar sign is used for standard user commands, e.g.: $ sudo -s Password: # id uid=0(root) gid=0(wheel) groups=0(wheel),80(admin) # exit $ Indeed. I even managed to do this in my example without thinking to point it out. *sigh* vq ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Feb 13, 2013, at 6:23 PM, Alejandro Imass aim...@yabarana.com wrote: On Wed, Feb 13, 2013 at 5:25 PM, Eneko Gotzon Ares enekogot...@gmail.com wrote: I'm start learning UNIX. Please, is there a canonical way, may be a font, for write UNIX commands among normal text? I tried my best to understand the above but failed miserably. I interpreted it to be about interspersing Unix commands with prose, in emails and such. - Mac OS X defaults to the bash shell so if you are reading a Unix book some things may not work as expected [snip] Linux tutorials (which are plentiful) will work as well, but remember that Mac OS X is more BSD-like with some Linux accents like the bash shell. I don't see how bash is a Linux-ism. Do modern BSDs tend to default to another shell? In any case, changing shells is trivial. On this list I would suspect that you won't get much help for learning how to use your Mac OS X as a Unix box, but rather more specifically on problems with MacPorts. The members of this list will help in any way they can, although (as usual) it is appreciated if you do basic research before posting, using resources like Stack Overflow and Super User. It's not a MacPorts-only list. vq ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Wed, Feb 13, 2013 at 6:59 PM, Lawrence Velázquez lar...@macports.org wrote: [...] I interpreted it to be about interspersing Unix commands with prose, in emails and such. That seems to be the general consensus. Nevertheless, from the learning UNIX and an earlier post (https://lists.macosforge.org/pipermail/macports-users/2013-February/031559.html) I assumed it was more in the likes of where do I type my Unix commands? [...] I don't see how bash is a Linux-ism. Bash was built for GNU and Linux is on the GNU line and Bash has been the default Linux shell AFAICR. Do modern BSDs tend to default to another shell? sh and maybe tcsh - no bash included on most BSDs AFAIK unless it's from ports. [...] On this list I would suspect that you won't get much help for learning how to use your Mac OS X as a Unix box, but rather more specifically on problems with MacPorts. The members of this list will help in any way they can, although (as usual) it is appreciated if you do basic research before posting, using resources like Stack Overflow and Super User. That holds true for just about any list. The point being made was that every list has a topic and this one in particular is General support for installation and usage of MacPorts., so the suggestion to the OP is that he would probably get a lot more help in a more generic Mac-Unix list or forum and was hoping someone would jump in and suggest one. Your suggestions of Stack Overflow and Super User I think are a good starting points. It's not a MacPorts-only list. I disagree here. Whilst there is always some OT discussion, like tis one, most posts should stick with the list's topic. JMHO anyway. Cheers, -- Alejandro Imass vq ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Feb 13, 2013, at 9:22 PM, Alejandro Imass aim...@yabarana.com wrote: Do modern BSDs tend to default to another shell? sh and maybe tcsh - no bash included on most BSDs AFAIK unless it's from ports. Huh. I don't recall having to use tcsh the last time I used FreeBSD, but I very well might have installed zsh from ports during the installation process, avoiding the default shell entirely. vq ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On Feb 13, 2013, at 20:53, Lawrence Velázquez wrote: On Feb 13, 2013, at 9:22 PM, Alejandro Imass wrote: Do modern BSDs tend to default to another shell? sh and maybe tcsh - no bash included on most BSDs AFAIK unless it's from ports. Huh. I don't recall having to use tcsh the last time I used FreeBSD, but I very well might have installed zsh from ports during the installation process, avoiding the default shell entirely. OS X, which is of course based on BSD, did used to use tcsh as the default shell; it changed to bash in OS X 10.3 Panther. ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
Re: UNIX commands font
On 14/02/2013, at 11:15 AM, Lawrence Velázquez wrote: On Feb 13, 2013, at 6:59 PM, Lawrence Velázquez lar...@macports.org wrote: The members of this list will help in any way they can, although (as usual) it is appreciated if you do basic research before posting, using resources like Stack Overflow and Super User. It's not a MacPorts-only list. But try not to make it a habit, I suppose. FWIW http://www.linuxquestions.org/ is also good and has a Newbie forum. But above all, Eneko, Google is your friend. You can do a search on words in your question and find answers already on Stack Overflow, etc. And Wikipedia is usually excellent for short articles on almost any port or app or other software the guys here may be discussing, if you want to know more about it. Cheers, Ian W. ___ macports-users mailing list macports-users@lists.macosforge.org https://lists.macosforge.org/mailman/listinfo/macports-users
