RE: Re: Customer care policy

2001-07-31 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
dollars or in 1820's dollars. I only posed it to say that the Czeck study was not particularly groundbreaking. I do not know who funded the earlier NBER study. Brown, Martin (NCI) wrote: This is a different issue than costs to health care system. What is $14.5 billion dollars as a percent

RE: Re: RE: Re: Customer care policy

2001-07-30 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
born in 1920 had smoked, the cost to the system would have been $14.5 billion higher. Worries about the cost of non-smoking to social security.## On Fri, Jul 20, 2001 at 04:02:34PM -0400, Brown, Martin (NCI) wrote: It actually isn't that simple. I am very knowledgeable about

RE: Re: Customer care policy

2001-07-20 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
It actually isn't that simple. I am very knowledgeable about the literature in this area and I am also sponsoring new studies on this using primary data. While people who smoke tend to die earlier, on average, than non-smokers, they also suffer from more chronic illness during the intervening

RE: URPE and DS

2001-07-19 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I'll send $100 in the mail for a sub. -Original Message- From: Ellen Frank [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Thursday, July 19, 2001 12:25 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:15351] URPE and DS Talking about left organizations going bankrupt, I think pen-lers should know that

RE: Re: Lying About Vietnam (and lying about economics)

2001-06-29 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
It got a very negative review in The Nation -Original Message- From: Michael Pugliese [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Friday, June 29, 2001 11:45 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:14383] Re: Lying About Vietnam (and lying about economics) See the new bio by Tom Wells on

RE: Re: RE: Re: Lying About Vietnam (and lying about econom ics)

2001-06-29 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
- Original Message - From: Brown, Martin (NCI) [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, June 29, 2001 8:51 AM Subject: [PEN-L:14385] RE: Re: Lying About Vietnam (and lying about econom ics) It got a very negative review in The Nation -Original Message- From: Michael

RE: Re: Zapatistas Desire for Mod Cons (was Re: Foster responds)

2001-06-29 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I believe it is Frances Moore Lappe. She's great. I new here back in the 60's. -Original Message- From: Louis Proyect [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Friday, June 29, 2001 2:52 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:14416] Re: Zapatistas Desire for Mod Cons (was Re: Foster

RE: CEPR: The Scorecard on Globalization 1980-2000: 20 Years of Diminished Progress

2001-06-27 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Where is Brad on this? -Original Message- From: Robert Naiman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Wednesday, June 27, 2001 1:50 PM To: Robert Naiman Subject: [PEN-L:14099] CEPR: The Scorecard on Globalization 1980-2000: 20 Years of Diminished Progress *please post* -- new economy

RE: Re: FW: A great response to Dr. Laura

2001-06-07 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Maybe for the non-locals, you should explain the Paradise/Chico dialectic. -Original Message- From: Tim Bousquet [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Thursday, June 07, 2001 11:52 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:12931] Re: FW: A great response to Dr. Laura Last year some

RE: Re: Re: RE: Re: FW: A great response to Dr. Laura

2001-06-07 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
. Laura --- Brown, Martin (NCI) [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Maybe for the non-locals, you should explain the Paradise/Chico dialectic. Paradise is the town up the road, mostly nowadays a retirement community. Twenty degrees cooler than Chico in the summer, above the fog/smog line, but lots

Memorial Day with Schleifer

2001-06-01 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I went camping in the rain on Chingoteague Island (were talking about one tent in a sea of trailer homes) on Memorial Day weekend. Actually I had to leave early morning on Memorial Day because I had to get up to Boston for a site visit at Harvard Med on Tuesday. Call me a masochist, but I spent

Schleifer

2001-05-18 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I got a pdf file of the Who Owns the Media paper. If anyone wants a copy, let me know.

RE: article on being left

2001-05-03 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
In the 1960's I knew a physics professor at Berkeley who became politically active on the left (still is). He immediately became persona non grata in the department. The big social nexus of the department were periodic parties at the house of (as they use to say) Dr. and Mrs. Edward Teller. As

RE: Re: RE: Re: Re: brad de long textbook

2001-05-03 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Good example of Robinsonian (Joan not Crusoe) waste of competition. Do you give this example in the textbook? I have shown similar results in the market for pesticides and oranges in California (got me attacked by the Council on Agricultural Science and Technology and had industry lawyers

RE: Re: Re: the enemy's statistics

2001-05-03 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I have been working with OECD on a cross-national study of breast cancer. This study only involves developed countries (I guess with the exception of Mexico). Even within this group it is true that that quality and reliability of statistics is highly variable by country. Of course, developing

RE: Re: RE: Re: Re: the enemy's statistics

2001-05-03 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
- Original Message - From: Brown, Martin (NCI) [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, May 03, 2001 8:00 AM Subject: [PEN-L:11155] RE: Re: Re: the enemy's statistics I have been working with OECD on a cross-national study of breast cancer. This study only involves developed

RE: Query on Terminology, was ... textbook

2001-05-03 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
For example in the case of California oranges, the growers coop as power to set price (through aggregate supply control) and earn monolpoly profits because of this and also because of the market power associated with consumer loyalty to the brand name (California oranges, Sunkist etc.). But

RE: The contradictions of methodological individualism

2001-05-03 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
This same company was convicted of cheating the federal government and American Indian tribes of oil royalties by systematically un-reporting the amount of oil that they were pumping from these properties. The fraud was in the hundreds of millions of dollars, I believe. My brother, a computer

RE: Re: Re: Re: brad de long textbook

2001-05-03 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
We have multiple grantees working on very complicated population level disease simulation models. They are iteracting using an Internet - based, open form relational database tool called Sciwiki. We'll see how it works but it looks pretty neat. -Original Message- From: Brad DeLong

RE: Re: brad de long textbook

2001-05-01 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
And I'm sure he is donating all his advance and royalties back to UC to underwrite scholarships for low income and minority students, matching in action, his rhetoric to others about thier moral obligations to California society. -Original Message- From: Michael Perelman

RE: Re: RE: Re: brad de long textbook

2001-05-01 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Oh, that's a high level of debate! How about answering the question? YOU are the one who brought up the moral obligation stuff, not me. [This message grammar and spell-checked.] -Original Message- From: Brad DeLong [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Tuesday, May 01, 2001 4:37 PM To:

My apology

2001-05-01 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
the bait so easily. Sorry won't happen again. -Original Message- From: Brown, Martin (NCI) Sent: Tuesday, May 01, 2001 5:04 PM To: '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' Subject: RE: [PEN-L:11053] Re: RE: Re: brad de long textbook Oh, that's a high level of debate! How about answering the question? YOU

RE: Political economy of Jesus

2001-04-16 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Short curly hair, and beard, (supported by Paul in Corinthians saying that long hair naturally disgraces a man), darker skin, and rounder features, based on reconstruction of a 1st century skulls from the area. Out of some sort of masochistic impulse I usually catch the odious McLaughlin

RE: Re: Re: Re: Re: Market Socialism

2001-04-16 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I've never met anyone so dumb as to claim the fact that the Second International did *no* thinking about what society would look like after the revolution played a role in opening the way for Stalin. Until now... I have not been a part of this thread and tend to generally avoid these kinds

No Subject

2001-04-09 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Is this Aristotle or Proyect? Worms and spiders are insects? Computer science - A Biology - F Within insects, you have worms, spiders, moths, etc.

RE: Java

2001-04-09 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I emailed this to may college drop-out Web programming son in New Zealand. I'll see what he thinks about it. Proyect and others might enjoy his thoughts on progamming and the 20-something's Web culture at www.benbrown.com -Original Message- From: Louis Proyect [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

Krauthammer and Reparations

2001-04-09 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
One of the myriad of Washington Post house conservatives ran an OpEd last week saying he was for reparations to African Americans. But, he basically said they should take $50K per family and forever after shut up about affirmative action. Here is my response, to be published in the Washington

RE: RE: Re: Tibet

2001-04-03 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Wow, when I was there circa 1980-83 the administration was reactionary from top to bottom and Fessio was king of the hill. He ran his own little reactionary enclave called the St.Ignasius Institute. There are plenty of scandals waiting to be uncovered at USF, especially in the ECONOMICS

RE: Fwd: Re: question

2001-04-03 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Yes, that is how I remember him to. He was quite young, very disciplined and very extreme. Their were a whole bunch of retired Jesuits who were easy going and lived like Friar Tuck on the largesse of the University. I was taken over to their quarter for lunch one day. Open bar!! They SF

RE: kids say the darndest things

2001-04-02 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Sound like a Bayesian -Original Message- From: Forstater, Mathew [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Monday, April 02, 2001 1:54 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; [EMAIL PROTECTED]; [EMAIL PROTECTED]; [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:9897] kids say the darndest things "Keynes made the

RE: Re: Re: humor

2001-03-30 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I think it is more general than that. I have been in situations, some dating back 20 years, some a lot more recent, where members of priveleged groups (rich whites, male physicians, etc.) Told crude anti-black, anti-semetic, anti-women jokes and if you didn't "go along" by laughing, the response

RE: Re: A Fair Deal?

2001-03-30 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
One of the main writers for Marx Brothers films was Murray Ryskind, a notable Hollywood right-winger. Harpo was a lot more left than Groucho. Also, I guess it is well known that the Brothers introduced a lot a ad libbing on top of the scripts they were given. By the way, I get some of this from

RE: Re: RE: Re: A Fair Deal?

2001-03-30 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Right. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Friday, March 30, 2001 9:50 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:9801] Re: RE: Re: A Fair Deal? Martin wrote: I get some of this from a book I picked up on the remainder table called Ticky Dick and

RE: RE: Re: humor

2001-03-29 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Correction. I meant the SAME one -Original Message- From: Brown, Martin (NCI) Sent: Thursday, March 29, 2001 2:22 PM To: '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' Subject: [PEN-L:9755] RE: Re: humor How many quantum mechanics does it take to screw in the light bulb? One to screw it in at a probability

RE: Re: humor

2001-03-29 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
How many quantum mechanics does it take to screw in the light bulb? One to screw it in at a probability of 95% and one to not screw it in at a probability of 5%. -Original Message- From: J. Barkley Rosser, Jr. [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Thursday, March 29, 2001 1:40 PM To: [EMAIL

RE: RE: Re: humor

2001-03-29 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Q: How many neoclassical economists does it take to screw in a light bulb? A: It would never get screwed in because the dark room exists and therefore must be the result of market efficiency and pareto optimality so there is no reason to screw in a light bulb; i.e. just accept the

RE: Re: maximization

2001-03-21 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
In general, when firms have market power, short-run porfit maximization does not equal long-run profit maximization. For example, there is a literature on dynamic limit pricing for monopoly and oligopoly firms that says firms with market power charge below the short-run profit maximizing price

RE: maximization?

2001-03-20 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Nonsense. The higher price paid by and to scalpers reflects price discrimination. It is only the few hardcore fans or people who need to buy tickets on short notice that are willing pay the higher price. In theory, ticket agencies could also reap these extra profits by charging a different

RE: Re: Pirce discrimination

2001-03-20 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Price discrimination is technically illegal, but there are a lot of loop holes, plus the FTC and the Justice Department basically stopped enforcing this aspect of Anti-trust in the 1960s. Much of the kind of price discrimination you mentioned below is allowed because and airline ticket or hotel

RE: Re: Re: maximization?

2001-03-20 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I agree but in the example cited there is no way to prove or disprove that a given level of ticket scalping activity is or is not compatible with profit maximization by the ticketing service firm. As you say, this kind of thing tends to be tautological, especially if you think you can rely on

RE: Re: RE: Re: Re: maximization?

2001-03-20 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
patent. "Brown, Martin (NCI)" wrote: I was recently asked to review a Chicago paper, by two star Chicago time economists, on the seemingly innocuous subject of the economic returns to medical research. Knowing what the client wanted to hear, they came to the conclusion that such retu

RE: Re: RE: Re: Re: maximization?

2001-03-20 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
by Murphy and Topel? They like the publicly funded research that corporations can patent. "Brown, Martin (NCI)" wrote: I was recently asked to review a Chicago paper, by two star Chicago time economists, on the seemingly innocuous subject of the economic returns to medical res

RE: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: de Soto

2001-02-08 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I think the best context on all of this is Alexander Saxton's book, The Indespensible Enemy. I also made a small contribution to this literature: Brown M.L., Philips P. Competition, racism and hiring practices among California manufacturers: 1860-1882, Industrial and Labor Relations Review

RE: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: de Soto

2001-02-07 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
This is actually kind of complicated. He first became prominent as a journalist around this issue. He later repudiated his position on the Chinese question. While many of followers of George evolved into a strange brand of libertarianism; his own writings are quite clear on two points: The

RE: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: de Soto

2001-02-07 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
This is incorrect. His anti-Chinese writing predated his work and fame as a political economist. -Original Message- From: J. Barkley Rosser, Jr. [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Tuesday, February 06, 2001 10:59 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:7799] Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re:

RE: Re: RE: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: de Soto

2001-02-07 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
thing like that (not "geomantic" I know, but the "geo" is in there). Barkley Rosser -----Original Message- From: Brown, Martin (NCI) [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Wednesday, February 07, 2001 11:58 AM Subject: [PEN-L:7850] RE: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: d

RE: Re: Re: blowing off steam

2001-02-01 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
After some protest, the sleeping law was withdrawn. However, such regulations are not uncommon in many jurisdictions. They are aimed at keeping poor immigrant families, e.g., 10 people living in one house with 3 bedrooms, out of the "good" neighborhoods. When I first came to the DC area I lived

RE: Re: RE: Re: Re: blowing off steam

2001-02-01 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Having to live with them was hell, but from a broader perspective they were also the victims of the Pentagon cultureNo, I didn't spit on them (or the many anti-war G.I.'s I worked with from 1965 - 1975 in San Diego and San Francisco). -Original Message- From: Jim Devine

RE: Re: co-ops

2000-12-04 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I don't have the sources at my fingertips, but there are several case studies of successful utopian-socialists experiments in California that were actively suppressed, using legal and extra-legal means, by what can only be described as agents of Capitalist interest, when they became economically

RE: Re: Women and cigarettes

2000-11-27 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I agree -Original Message- From: Yoshie Furuhashi [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Wednesday, November 22, 2000 9:47 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:4820] Re: Women and cigarettes Martin Brown wrote: I think this is part, but not all, of the story. Since the Surgeon

RE: Women and cigarettes

2000-11-22 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Some researchers here at NCI have recently looked at mortality rates from lung cancer by socioeconomic status quintiles. In 1969 the higest SES group had the highest lung cancer mortality rate. Around 1985 the rates were almost identical across the groups. In 1997 there is a sharp gradient in

RE: Re: RE: Women and cigarettes

2000-11-22 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
rettes, which became more associated with lower class behavior. "Brown, Martin (NCI)" wrote: Some researchers here at NCI have recently looked at mortality rates from lung cancer by socioeconomic status quintiles. In 1969 the higest SES group had the highest lung cancer mortality rat

RE: Re: What lies in store for Yugoslavia (2)

2000-10-11 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Be careful, Larry Summers will conclude that this a good "revealed preference" calculation for the economic value of life in Argentina and then apply it to pollution control issues. Afterall, aren't financial markets suppose to be efficient? -Original Message- From: Nestor Miguel

RE: Re: Re: Re: Re: contentville

2000-08-04 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
My thesis was 425 pages and it goes for the same price. A bargain! -Original Message- From: Doug Henwood [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Thursday, August 03, 2000 8:00 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:239] Re: Re: Re: Re: contentville Max Sawicky wrote: Bastids. selling my

RE: RE: Rational expectations

2000-08-04 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
This is not restricted to economics. In the biological sciences, "science," has been redefined as meaning molecular biology (i.e., developing drugs and other agents for pharmaceutical and agribusiness companies). Field biologists and system's ecologists are not hired and those that remain are

RE: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: irrrational (feminist) expectations

2000-08-02 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Another great example is "Ballad for America," a patriotic oratoria written by Gordon Jenkins and first performed at the REPUBLICAN national convention (I'm not sure what year). It became a staple for Paul Robeson, as the lead soloist and narrator, usually accompanied by a "people's chorus" of

RE: Patriotism and radicalism

2000-08-02 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Right, I think Jenkins was the conductor. -Original Message- From: Louis Proyect [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Wednesday, August 02, 2000 9:45 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:135] Patriotism and radicalism Martin wrote: Another great example is "Ballad for America," a

RE: Memorial Madness

2000-07-21 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
The remark about it being reminiscent of Fasism is absolutely correct. There is a picture of it in the Washington Post and the thing looks exactly like the backdrop of the Nuremburg Rally. What is interesting is that the Post pointed this out in earlier coverage but now only quotes people who

RE: Re: M once again

2000-07-14 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
John Roemer, John Roemer Oh yeah, I remember him. Berkeley, 1969. Undergraduate math major and head of local Progressive Labor Party chapter. "People's Park are a bunch of reactionary hippies stealing parking spaces from the working class." Also, get other people to front for you and get

RE: Re: RE: Re: RE: Re: M once again

2000-07-14 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
some of the dumb shit that I pulled as a student radical long ago. Would you? --jks In a message dated Fri, 14 Jul 2000 2:45:51 PM Eastern Daylight Time, "Brown, Martin (NCI)" [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: No, just his character. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mai

RE: Re: Re: RE: Re: RE: Re: M once again

2000-07-14 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Ah, someone got the point! -Original Message- From: Jim Devine [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Friday, July 14, 2000 4:22 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:21700] Re: Re: RE: Re: RE: Re: M once again I don't know John Roemer well at all, but more than one person I've talked to

RE: $145 billion fine for Tobacco Capital !

2000-07-14 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
A not too-well recognized hero in this whole struggle is Stanton Glantz at Stanford University. He has been instrumental in bringing secret corporate documents of the big tobacco companies into the light of day and also in promoting the perspective that anti-smoking means a critique of corporate

RE: Re: RE: $145 billion fine for Tobacco Capital !

2000-07-14 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
only time I know of where the administration of the University of California acted with integrity and courage. "Brown, Martin (NCI)" wrote: A not too-well recognized hero in this whole struggle is Stanton Glantz at Stanford University. He has been instrumental in bringing secret

RE: Re: Re: Question about the submission of articles to

2000-07-05 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
My son has actually developed a tool that can do all this in a split second. It is available free at deepleap.com 1. copy the article into word for windows. 2. replace all end of paragraph characters (^p) with space. 3. hit the enter key twice to insert a line between paragraphs. 4. paste

RE: Re: Re: GT

2000-06-21 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Nancy works for me at the National Cancer Institute. See http://www-dccps.ims.nci.nih.gov/ARP/economics.html -Original Message- From: Jim Devine [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Wednesday, June 21, 2000 12:17 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [PEN-L:20477] Re: Re: GT At 08:57 AM

RE: Re: Re: Re: The Wayback machine

2000-02-22 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Under Hitler, the Nazi regime carried out wide-spread and effective anti-tobacco public health campaigns. Does that mean that we should reject the view that smoking causes lung cancer and heart disease? -Original Message- From: Jim Devine [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] Sent: Saturday,

[PEN-L:2460] RE: Ben Shahn

1999-01-22 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I recently found, in an old bookstore in rural Pennsylvania, a 1939 first edition (Alfred A. Knopf) biography of Diego Rivera, by Betram Wolf. To read a contemporary biography of Rivera by a politically sympathetic art historian is very enlightening. (Wolf was a noted art historian with half a

[PEN-L:516] RE: Fwd: perhaps of interest (spuds, part III)

1998-06-10 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
My college age son runs a web page and is going to run something on it about the Free Tibet concert. I have expressed skepticism to him that Tibetians would be better off under a Dalai Lama regime. So, he invited me to post a commentary on this. Anyone have any information that would

[PEN-L:495] Re: intro econ book

1998-06-09 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
I once bought a "magisterial" two volume book by Linder call "Anti-Samuelson". It was suppose to be a page-by-page critique of Samuelson. But it wasn't that great. -Original Message- Sent: Tuesday, June 09, 1998 1:13 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

[PEN-L:369] RE: Fwd: Re: perhaps of interest (II)

1998-06-02 Thread Brown, Martin (NCI)
Jim, maybe you could forward the following question to Baumol. Why do you say that landlord behavior was scandolous in Ireland. Once the legitimacy of private property in land-rent is presumed, why is it scandolous that each landlord should seek to maximize the collection of the monopoly value