Re: What could cause a plot fail in my code?
On Mon, 21 Dec 2015 09:15:38 -0800, Robert wrote: > Hi, > > I find a useful code snippet on link: > > http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25126444/logistic-regression-in- pymc/34400966#34400966 > > but it has error on plot function. The error message is as following: >6192 ymin = np.amin(m[m != 0]) >6193 # filter out the 0 height bins > -> 6194 ymin = max(ymin*0.9, minimum) if not input_empty > else minimum >6195 ymin = min(ymin0, ymin) >6196 self.dataLim.intervaly = (ymin, ymax) > > UnboundLocalError: local variable 'ymin' referenced before assignment > / > > I have no clue at all on debug it. Could you help me? > Thanks, It looks as if ymin may be defined in a conditional block, and you've managed to reach line 6194 without going through that block. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: return from function
On Sun, 20 Dec 2015 12:34:40 +, Emil Natan wrote:
> I'm completely new to Python.
> parent_domain = domainname.partition('.')[2]
> try:
> print('Test for parent domain %s' % parent_domain)
> z = dns.resolver.query(parent_domain, 'SOA')
> print('the parent domain we use is: %s' % parent_domain)
> return parent_domain
> except dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN:
> print('NXDOMAIN: invoke find_parent_domain recursively')
> find_parent_domain(parent_domain)
None is being returned in this case!
> except dns.resolver.NoAnswer:
> print('NoAnswer: invoke find_parent_domain recursively')
> find_parent_domain(parent_domain)
And in this case.
Do you want to return None in the NXDOMAIN and NoAnswer cases? If not, a
return statement might help in returning a value.
When you recurse back into a function you still need to return the result
of the recursion.
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Re: Need help on a project To :"Create a class called BankAccount with the following parameters "
On Sat, 12 Dec 2015 01:05:01 -0800, Harbey Leke wrote: > Create a class called BankAccount > > .Create a constructor that takes in an integer and assigns this to a > `balance` property. > > .Create a method called `deposit` that takes in cash deposit amount and > updates the balance accordingly. > > .Create a method called `withdraw` that takes in cash withdrawal amount > and updates the balance accordingly. if amount is greater than balance > return `"invalid transaction"` > > .Create a subclass MinimumBalanceAccount of the BankAccount class > > Please i need help on this i am a beginer into python programming. It sounds like you're taking a python course. Your course should have taught you all you need to carry out this programming task before setting this exercise. If you have not been paying attention, have failed to attend some sessions, or have not been keeping up with the course in some way, that might explain your difficulty. Perhaps you should approach the course tutors and ask for some remedial assistance. Alternatively, if you have so far been a fully attending, attentive and straight A student on this course, perhaps they are setting exercises for which they have not previously provided the necessary tuition. If that is the case, I suggest you ask them to reimburse your course fees, and then go and find better tutors. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hangman Code.
On Thu, 17 Dec 2015 05:28:23 -0800, trkaplan24 wrote: > Hello, I created a python code for a simple hangman game. Was wondering > if anyone could edit to help me make it multiplayer so when one person > guesses a letter incorrectly, the next player can then guess a letter. First you need to prompt for the number of players, and store this in a variable. Next you need a variable to keep track of the current player. Set this to 1 at the start of the program, because we're humans and we like to be player 1 ... player n, not player 0 ... player n-1. Use the current player variable value to prompt for the next player. After each player takes a turn, add 1 to the current player. If this is greater than the number of players, set it back to 1. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How does one distribute Tkinter or Qt GUI apps Developed in Python
On Wednesday, December 16, 2015 at 6:45:50 PM UTC-6, Rick Johnson wrote: > On Wednesday, December 16, 2015 at 6:03:55 PM UTC-6, Bruce Whealton wrote: > > > Surely, one is going to want to create GUI apps for users > > that are not Python Developers. I would not think to ask > > someone to install Python on their system and make sure it > > is added to the path. Maybe it is not so hard for the non- > > technical, average users. > > > > I would want to package in some way so that when launched, > > it installs whatever is needed on the end user's computer. > > How is this done? Are there common practices for this? > > > Your assumptions are correct! In fact, in a language that was "supposedly" > designed to be an "applications language" (eat your heart out D'Aprano!!!), > one would think that distributing apps would not only be obvious, but also > intuitive! > > ALAS, THE CRUEL REALITIES OF INTERPRETED LANGUAGES SLAPS YOU IN THE PASTEY > WHITE FACE! > > Unlike a true "applications language", like say, um, *JAVA*, one cannot > simply compile an executable and distribute it in a teeny tiny binary form, > no, with Python, the end user must either (1) have Python on his machine > already, (2) download Python, or (3) you must package a Python interpreter > along with your script (and dependencies) -- which will end up being a very > large file just to run (what is in most cases) a very small script. > > BOO-HISS! > > But the good news is that, Python ships on many machines already. But of > course, you're seeking more consistency in your distribution QA than the > "wild guess" and the fickle nature of "lady luck". > > Many 3rd party libraries exist to solve your distribution issue. Google > probably knows about all (or at least most) of them. if you did not notice Java/.NET ship with runtime VMs as well. Even C/C++ have some requirements depending on the platform. We should all switch to assembly to avoid any dependencies and port our code to each platform without hesitation. -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why my image is in bad quality ?
On Wed, 16 Dec 2015 06:04:37 -0800, fsn761304 wrote: > I'm trying to make OCR-recognition on a screenshot, after screenshot > taken it goes to pibxbuffer, which content goes to pytesseract. > But after using pixbuffer image quality is bad > image = image.resize((width*20,height*20), Image.ANTIALIAS) This appears to attempt to extrapolate 400 pixels from each pixel in the original image. That only works on TV crime dramas, you can't do it in real life. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[issue25841] In FancyURLopener error in example with http address.
New submission from Denis Savenko: In documentation from this page https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/urllib.request.html#examples in examples uses default address to python site with http. ( http://python.org/ ). But now python.org use https. When i try use example in ipython i get I/0 error, but error is very simple - http change by https. I found this error on many pages, where use http://python.org/ address, but on FancyURLopener example compiller error very difficult for understanding. -- assignee: docs@python components: Documentation messages: 256221 nosy: Denis Savenko, docs@python priority: normal severity: normal status: open title: In FancyURLopener error in example with http address. versions: Python 3.3, Python 3.4, Python 3.5, Python 3.6 ___ Python tracker <rep...@bugs.python.org> <http://bugs.python.org/issue25841> ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: https://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
Re: Python variable assigning problems...
On Wed, 09 Dec 2015 09:49:26 -0800, ICT Ezy wrote: > Pl refer question which attached image here: > > link: https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B5L920jMv7T0dFNKQTJ2UUdudW8 I can't access the image with my G+ account because the image owner hasn't given me permission. Perhaps you'd like to post a short self contained example of the problem here instead. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is there a way to set several list elements a same value with one line code
On Thu, 03 Dec 2015 16:30:25 -0800, Robert wrote: > Hi, > > I remember that there is a way to set several list elements a same value > with > one line code. Excuse me, I don't remember the accurate syntax on the > code snippet. But the basic format looks like this. > > 1. There is a four-element list, such as: >bb=[[[]],[[]],[[]],[[]]] > 2. An assignment line is here: >bb[0]='a' > 3. Then, all 4 element of bb is set with the above value. >bb=[['a'],['a'],['a'],['a']] > > The above three line codes are what I guess (I forgot the original > tutorial > now). Do you remember there is such a list application? bb = [ for i in range()] will create bb as a list of size whatever elements each of which is eg: >>> bb = [ ['a'] for i in range(4)] >>> bb [['a'], ['a'], ['a'], ['a']] >>> bb = [ 0 for i in range(5)] >>> bb [0, 0, 0, 0, 0] >>> -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: filter a list of strings
On Thu, 03 Dec 2015 08:32:49 +0200, Jussi Piitulainen wrote:
> def isbad(item):
> return ( 'Banana' in item or
> 'Car' in item )
>
> def isgood(item)
> return not isbad(item)
badthings = [ 'Banana', 'Car', ]
def isgood(item)
for thing in badthings:
if thing in item:
return False
return True
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Re: stuff and nonsense
On Wed, 02 Dec 2015 11:32:25 -0600, Ian Kelly wrote: > In what way is discussion of a tangential topic feeding the troll? Said > troll is not even participating in the discussion. Reposting / responding / following up with the original subject boosts the visibility of the subject to internet search engines because of the way newsgroups get gated to websites. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: stuff and nonsense
On Thu, 03 Dec 2015 01:46:44 +0100, Laura Creighton wrote: > In a message of Wed, 02 Dec 2015 22:51:13 +0000, Denis McMahon writes: >>On Wed, 02 Dec 2015 11:32:25 -0600, Ian Kelly wrote: >> >>> In what way is discussion of a tangential topic feeding the troll? >>> Said troll is not even participating in the discussion. >> >>Reposting / responding / following up with the original subject boosts >>the visibility of the subject to internet search engines because of the >>way newsgroups get gated to websites. > That is not what I was told. I was told that these days it is all done > by References: lines. Thus changing the Subject no longer has this > effect. Wrong? Hmm, not sure on that bone, I heard that more instances of a phrase being found (eg in forums where a web page includes the subject in each message) helped increase the visibility of the phrase in some way, but I don't profess to understand how search engines score stuff, and I'm fairly sure few people do to be honest. And what I heard might no longer be true if it ever was to be honest. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Could you explain this rebinding (or some other action) on "nums = nums"?
On Tue, 01 Dec 2015 16:18:49 -0500, Terry Reedy wrote: > On 12/1/2015 3:32 PM, Denis McMahon wrote: >> On Tue, 01 Dec 2015 03:32:31 +, MRAB wrote: >> >>> In the case of: >>> >>> tup[1] += [6, 7] >>> >>> what it's trying to do is: >>> >>> tup[1] = tup[1].__iadd__([6, 7]) >>> >>> tup[1] refers to a list, and the __iadd__ method _does_ mutate it, but >>> then Python tries to put the result that the method returns into >>> tup[1]. >>> That fails because tup itself is a tuple, which is immutable. >> >> I think I might have found a bug: > > What you found is an specific example of what MRAB said in general > above. > >> $ python Python 2.7.3 (default, Jun 22 2015, 19:33:41) >> [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" >> for more information. >>>>> tup = [1,2,3],[4,5,6] >>>>> tup >> ([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]) >>>>> tup[1] >> [4, 5, 6] >>>>> tup[1] += [7,8,9] >> Traceback (most recent call last): >>File "", line 1, in >> TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment > > The bug is trying to replace a member of a tuple. The correct code, to > avoid the exception while extending the list, is > > tup[1].extend([7,8,9]) > >>>>> tup[1] >> [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] You snipped the important bit of my original post, which was the state of tup after the TypeError occurred. After the error, >>> tup[1] [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> tup ([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]) The "bug" I refer to is that despite giving the TypeError, the tuple allowed the assignment of the mutated list to replace the original list. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Could you explain this rebinding (or some other action) on "nums = nums"?
On Tue, 01 Dec 2015 14:44:38 -0600, Ian Kelly wrote: > On Tue, Dec 1, 2015 at 2:32 PM, Denis McMahon <denismfmcma...@gmail.com> > wrote: >> On Tue, 01 Dec 2015 03:32:31 +, MRAB wrote: >> >>> In the case of: >>> >>> tup[1] += [6, 7] >>> >>> what it's trying to do is: >>> >>> tup[1] = tup[1].__iadd__([6, 7]) >>> >>> tup[1] refers to a list, and the __iadd__ method _does_ mutate it, but >>> then Python tries to put the result that the method returns into >>> tup[1]. >>> That fails because tup itself is a tuple, which is immutable. >> >> I think I might have found a bug: >> >> $ python Python 2.7.3 (default, Jun 22 2015, 19:33:41) >> [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" >> for more information. >>>>> tup = [1,2,3],[4,5,6] >>>>> tup >> ([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]) >>>>> tup[1] >> [4, 5, 6] >>>>> tup[1] += [7,8,9] >> Traceback (most recent call last): >> File "", line 1, in >> TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment >>>>> tup[1] >> [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>>>> tup >> ([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]) >>>>> quit() > > No, that's the expected result. As MRAB wrote, the list *is* mutated > when its __iadd__ method is called. The TypeError happens afterward when > the assignment is attempted. The assignment succeeds. That's imo a bug. If it's a TypeError to try and assign a value to tup[1], then tup[1] should not allow the mutated list to be assigned. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Could you explain this rebinding (or some other action) on "nums = nums"?
On Tue, 01 Dec 2015 03:32:31 +, MRAB wrote: > In the case of: > > tup[1] += [6, 7] > > what it's trying to do is: > > tup[1] = tup[1].__iadd__([6, 7]) > > tup[1] refers to a list, and the __iadd__ method _does_ mutate it, but > then Python tries to put the result that the method returns into tup[1]. > That fails because tup itself is a tuple, which is immutable. I think I might have found a bug: $ python Python 2.7.3 (default, Jun 22 2015, 19:33:41) [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> tup = [1,2,3],[4,5,6] >>> tup ([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]) >>> tup[1] [4, 5, 6] >>> tup[1] += [7,8,9] Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment >>> tup[1] [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> tup ([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]) >>> quit() -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: New JSON encoding method proposal for custom objects
On Sun, 29 Nov 2015 07:05:30 -0800, cescus92 wrote: > In this day I stumbled upon a very simple task: I had a list of > instances of a custom class and I had to convert i into a JSON. That's all well and good, but firstly you need to both dumps and loads to work properly with json, and secondly there's no mechanism in json that tells you what class of object you have. So you may have a __json_dumps__ that will dump your object out to a json string representation, but then how does json.loads recognise that it's loading your object to call your object's __json_loads__? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I can't understand re.sub
On Sun, 29 Nov 2015 13:36:57 -0800, Mr Zaug wrote:
> result = re.sub(pattern, repl, string, count=0, flags=0);
re.sub works on a string, not on a file.
Read the file to a string, pass it in as the string.
Or pre-compile the search pattern(s) and process the file line by line:
import re
patts = [
(re.compile("axe"), "hammer"),
(re.compile("cat"), "dog"),
(re.compile("tree"), "fence")
]
with open("input.txt","r") as inf, open("output.txt","w") as ouf:
line = inf.readline()
for patt in patts:
line = patt[0].sub(patt[1], line)
ouf.write(line)
Not tested, but I think it should do the trick.
Or use a single patt and a replacement func:
import re
patt = re.compile("(axe)|(cat)|(tree)")
def replfunc(match):
if match == 'axe':
return 'hammer'
if match == 'cat':
return 'dog'
if match == 'tree':
return 'fence'
return match
with open("input.txt","r") as inf, open("output.txt","w") as ouf:
line = inf.readline()
line = patt.sub(replfunc, line)
ouf.write(line)
(also not tested)
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Re: Help with this program???
On Fri, 27 Nov 2015 01:43:53 -0800, justin bloomer wrote: > Your program should contain a function that: > 1. Seeks input from the user (via the keyboard); > 2. To build a list of student exam results; > 3. For each student their name (first and last), student number, and > mark out of 100 should be captured; > 4. For full marks regular expressions or similar mechanisms should be > used to ensure the data appears valid. Try writing a function that does the following: 1. Seeks input from the user (via the keyboard); 2. Builds a list of student exam results; 3. Captures name (first and last), student number, and mark out of 100 for each student; 4. Uses regular expressions or similar mechanisms to ensure the data appears valid. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: reading from a txt file
On Thu, 26 Nov 2015 12:34:36 -0800, vincentypedro wrote:
> Hey, I'm wondering how to read individual strings in a text file. I can
> read a text file by lines with .readlines() ,
> but I need to read specifically by strings, not including spaces.
> Thanks in advance
How do you define a string? Is it just a line with the spaces removed?
>>> "".join("this is a teststring my friends".split(" "))
'thisisateststringmyfriends'
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Re: Screen scraper to get all 'a title' elements
On Wed, 25 Nov 2015 12:42:00 -0800, ryguy7272 wrote:
> Hello experts. I'm looking at this url:
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Unusual_place_names
>
> I'm trying to figure out how to list all 'a title' elements.
a is the element tag, title is an attribute of the htmlanchorelement.
combining bs4 with python structures allows you to find all the specified
attributes of an element type, for example to find the class attributes
of all the paragraphs with a class attribute:
stuff = [p.attrs['class'] for p in soup.find_all('p') if 'class' in
p.attrs]
Then you can do this
for thing in stuff:
print thing
(Python 2.7)
This may be adaptable to your requirement.
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Re: read 4D binary data
On Thu, 26 Nov 2015 15:15:43 -0200, jorge.conrado wrote: > I'm startig in Python and I have a 4D binary data. The dimension of my > data is: > > 67 > longitude points 41 > latitude points 10 > pressure > levels points 33 > time points > > How can I read this data and what can I do to get a 2D array > (longitude,latitude) for a specific pressure and time dimension. First of all, define the data structure you want to create. I would have thought that for any given time, you would want a 2d array containing the pressure at each point (given by lat and lon) at that time. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Returning a result from 3 items in a list
On Tue, 24 Nov 2015 02:04:56 -0800, Cai Gengyang wrote:
> Here's a dictionary with 3 values :
>
> results = {
> "gengyang": 14,
> "ensheng": 13, "jordan": 12
> }
>
> How do I define a function that takes the last of the 3 items in that
> list and returns Jordan's results i.e. (12) ?
You open a web browser and google for "python dictionary"
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Re: Getting math scores (Dictionary inside dictionary)
On Tue, 24 Nov 2015 03:04:09 -0800, Cai Gengyang wrote:
> results = {
> "gengyang": { "maths": 10, "english": 15},
> "ensheng": {"maths": 12, "english": 10}, "jordan": {"maths": 9,
> "english": 13}
> }
>
> How do you get gengyang's maths scores ?
I refer to my previous answer. Open a web browser and google "python
dictionary"
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Re: How To Create A Endles List Of Lists In Python...???
On Fri, 20 Nov 2015 08:43:04 +0100, HKRSS wrote: > Thanks In Advance, Robert...;) Just keep appending child lists to parent list: l = [] while True: l.append([]) Until you run out of memory But I think that this answer although it appears accurate to the question is not a solution for anything useful, because it will just use all the memory up. So perhaps you need to express your question in a better manner. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: String format - resolve placeholders names
On Fri, 20 Nov 2015 16:53:47 +0100, Peter Otten wrote:
> Ervin Hegedüs wrote:
>> Python has a good string formatter, eg. I can do this:
>> s = "{who} likes {what}"
>> d = {'who': "Adam", 'what': "ants"}
>> s.format(**d)
>> result:
>> 'Adam likes ants'
>> Is it possible, and if yes, how to resolve the placeholders names in
>> string?
>>>> import string for item in string.Formatter().parse("{who} likes
>>>> {what}"):
> ... print(item)
> ...
> ('', 'who', '', None)
> (' likes ', 'what', '', None)
Or even:
>>> s = "{who} likes {what}"
>>> d = {'who': "Adam", 'what': "ants"}
>>> keys = [x[1] for x in string.Formatter().parse(s)]
>>> keys
['who', 'what']
then ...
for key in keys:
if key not in d:
raise KeyError("Missing key '{}' in format string '{}'".format
(key, s))
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Re: How can I export data from a website and write the contents to a text file?
On Wed, 18 Nov 2015 08:37:47 -0800, ryguy7272 wrote:
> I'm trying the script below...
The problem isn't that you're over-writing the lines (although it may
seem that way to you), the problem is that you're overwriting the whole
file every time you write a link to it. This is because you open and
close the file for every link you write, and you do so in file mode "wb"
which restarts writing at the first byte of the file every time.
You only need to open and close the text file once, instead of for every
link you output. Try moving the lines to open and close the file outside
the outer for loop to change the loop from:
for item in soup.find_all(class_='lister-list'):
for link in item.find_all('a'):
# open file
# write link to file
# close file
to:
# open file
for item in soup.find_all(class_='lister-list'):
for link in item.find_all('a'):
# write link to file
# close file
Alternatively, use the with form:
with open("blah","wb") as text_file:
for item in soup.find_all(class_='lister-list'):
for link in item.find_all('a'):
# write link to file
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Re: Question about math.pi is mutable
On Fri, 13 Nov 2015 09:04:54 +1100, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > On Fri, 13 Nov 2015 07:40 am, Thomas 'PointedEars' Lahn wrote: > > [crap I expect] > And you should consider the irony, and hypocrisy, of somebody who signs > his posts "PointedEars" bitching about supposed "real names". TPEL has been trolling html, php and javascript newsgroups for years, recently he seems to have discovered python newsgroups. :( -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Plotting timeseries from a csv file using matplotlib
On Thu, 12 Nov 2015 21:27:58 -0800, Karthik Sharma wrote:
> I have some csv data in the following format. ..
Does the following idea help?
Create a key from the key fields, remove the key fields from the row dic
(so now it's a dic of just the data fields), and save that in the
plotdata dict keyed by the key.
import csv
keybits = ["Ln","Dr","Tag","Lab"]
plotdata = {}
with open("lab.csv", 'r') as fin:
reader = csv.DictReader(fin)
for row in reader:
key = tuple([row[k] for k in keybits])
for k in keybits:
del row[k]
plotdata[key] = row
This generates a dictionary (plotdata) keyed by the key tuples where the
value for each key is a dictionary of 0:0n : value
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Re: new to python, help please !!
On Thu, 12 Nov 2015 17:55:33 +, Quivis wrote: > On Thu, 12 Nov 2015 13:58:35 +1100, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > >> horribly inefficient > > Assuming it was md5 values, who cares? Those are small. A file of 160 million md5 hashes as 32 character hex strings is a huge file. Your method calculates the hash over both files to test whether the contents are different. If the input files are both lists of 160 million md5 hashes, you're calculating the hash of two 5 gigabyte files. In your method the size of the lines of data is irrelevant to the execution time, the execution time varies with the size of the datafiles. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: new to python, help please !!
On Wed, 11 Nov 2015 08:34:30 -0800, Anas Belemlih wrote: > i am a beginning programmer, i am trying to write a simple code to > compare two character sets in 2 seperate files. ( 2 hash value files > basically) Why? If you simply wish to compare two files, most operating systems provide executable tools at the OS level which are more efficient than anything you will write in a scripting language. Lesson 1 of computing. Use the right tool for the job. Writing a new program is not always the right tool. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting response by email reply message
On Mon, 09 Nov 2015 13:53:24 -0800, zljubisic wrote: >> You have a couple options that occur to me: >> >> 1) set up an SMTP server somewhere (or use the existing one you're >> receiving this email at in the event you're getting it as mail rather >> than reading it via NNTP or a web interface) to receive the mail, then >> create a Python script to poll that inbox (usually POP3 or IMAP) for >> messages addressed. The mails can be extracted, parsed, and deleted > > Why should I setup the SMTP server? If my email is on gmail server, I > can read the messages from there from time to time. Read more carefully! The earlier poster suggested options that would work if you set up your own server, or already had one. You can poll your gmail server using pop3 as the earlier reply suggested. You may need to configure some options in your gmail account to allow pop3 access. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Extracting and summing student scores from a JSON file using Python 2.7.10
On Mon, 09 Nov 2015 15:52:45 -0800, Bernie Lazlo wrote: > This should be a simple problem but I have wasted hours on it. Any help > would be appreciated. [I have taken my code back to almost the very > beginning.] > > The student scores need to be summed. > > import json import urllib url = > "http://www.wickson.net/geography_assignment.json; > response = urllib.urlopen(url) > data = json.loads(response.read()) > lst1 = list(data.items()) > print lst1 I find that pprint.pprint is useful for looking at data structures. Having looked at the data, and then using appropriate substitutions for and in the following: sumscore = 0 students = 0 for dic in : sumscore = sumscore + dic[] students += 1 print 'Sum of', students, 'scores is', sumscore print 'Average of', students, 'scores is', sumscore / students It was trivial to generate: Sum of 50 scores is 3028 Average of 50 scores is 60 -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Regular expressions
On Mon, 02 Nov 2015 22:17:49 -0500, Seymore4Head wrote:
> On Mon, 2 Nov 2015 20:42:37 -0600, Tim Chase
> <python.l...@tim.thechases.com> wrote:
>
>>On 2015-11-02 20:09, Seymore4Head wrote:
>>> How do I make a regular expression that returns true if the end of the
>>> line is an asterisk
>>Why use a regular expression?
> Because that is the part of Python I am trying to learn at the moment.
The most important thing to learn about regular expressions is when to
use them and when not to use them.
Returning true if the last character in a string is an asterisk is almost
certainly a brilliant example of when not to use a regular expression.
Here are some timings I tested:
#!/usr/bin/python
import re
import timeit
patt = re.compile("\*$")
start_time = timeit.default_timer()
for i in range(100):
x = re.match("\*$", "test 1")
elapsed = timeit.default_timer() - start_time
print "re, false", elapsed
start_time = timeit.default_timer()
for i in range(100):
x = re.match("\*$", "test *")
elapsed = timeit.default_timer() - start_time
print "re, true", elapsed
start_time = timeit.default_timer()
for i in range(100):
x = patt.match("test 1")
elapsed = timeit.default_timer() - start_time
print "compiled re, false", elapsed
start_time = timeit.default_timer()
for i in range(100):
x = patt.match("test *")
elapsed = timeit.default_timer() - start_time
print "compiled re, true", elapsed
start_time = timeit.default_timer()
for i in range(100):
x = "test 1"[-1] == "*"
elapsed = timeit.default_timer() - start_time
print "char compare, false", elapsed
start_time = timeit.default_timer()
for i in range(100):
x = "test *"[-1] == "*"
elapsed = timeit.default_timer() - start_time
print "char compare, true", elapsed
RESULTS:
re, false 2.4701731205
re, true 2.42048001289
compiled re, false 0.875837087631
compiled re, true 0.876382112503
char compare, false 0.26283121109
char compare, true 0.263465881348
The compiled re is about 3 times as fast as the uncompiled re. The
character comparison is about 3 times as fast as the compiled re.
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Re: If one IF is satisfied, skip the rest in the nest...
On Wed, 21 Oct 2015 10:31:04 -0700, bigred04bd3 wrote: > So here what I have, I have a 3 IF's within the same level. If one IF > is satisfied, I would like to "skip" the other IFs and continue with my > code. c1 = wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 1, column=2).value == 0 and wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 1, column=3).value == 0 c2 = wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 2, column=2).value == 0 and wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 2, column=3).value == 0 c3 = wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 3, column=2).value == 0 and wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 3, column=3).value == 0 if c1: if c2: if c3: # c1 && c2 && c3 # 4 second open else: # c1 && c2 # 3 second open else: # only c1 # 2 second open Each condition only gets evaluated once. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: If one IF is satisfied, skip the rest in the nest...
On Wed, 21 Oct 2015 20:07:21 +, Grant Edwards wrote:
> On 2015-10-21, Denis McMahon <denismfmcma...@gmail.com> wrote:
>> On Wed, 21 Oct 2015 10:31:04 -0700, bigred04bd3 wrote:
>>
>>> So here what I have, I have a 3 IF's within the same level. If one IF
>>> is satisfied, I would like to "skip" the other IFs and continue with
>>> my code.
>>
>> c1 = wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 1, column=2).value == 0 and
>> wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 1, column=3).value == 0
>>
>> c2 = wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 2, column=2).value == 0 and
>> wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 2, column=3).value == 0
>>
>> c3 = wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 3, column=2).value == 0 and
>> wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 3, column=3).value == 0
>>
>> if c1:
>> if c2:
>> if c3:
>> # c1 && c2 && c3 # 4 second open
>> else:
>> # c1 && c2 # 3 second open
>> else:
>> # only c1 # 2 second open
>
> if c1 && c2 && c3:
> pass # 4 seconds
> elif c1 && c2:
> pass # 3 seconds
> elif c1:
> pass # 2 seconds
>
> Or if you want to be particulary obtuse:
>
> seconds = {0b111:4, 0b110:3, 0b100:2}.get(c1<<2 | c2<<1 | c3<<0, None)
Not really valid, because #seconds n is simply a marker to indicate which
branch of the OP's code to execute.
>> Each condition only gets evaluated once.
>
> OK.
Yes, but in the structure I suggest, you can move the conditions back
into the if statements and they still only each get evaluated once. Viz
my alternative to the OP's code:
if wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 1, column=2).value == 0 and wb1_sheet1.cell
(row=cell + 1, column=3).value == 0:
if wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 2, column=2).value == 0 and
wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 2, column=3).value == 0:
if wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 3, column=2).value == 0 and
wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 3, column=3).value == 0:
open += 3
open_seconds += 4
start = wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 4, column=2).coordinate
else:
open += 3
open_seconds += 3
start = wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 3, column=2).coordinate
else:
open += 3
open_seconds += 2
start = wb1_sheet1.cell(row=cell + 2, column=2).coordinate
Not trying to be obtuse here, trying to suggest a practical solution.
Of course, the benefit of reducing the number of times each lookup into
the worksheet is performed by reducing the number of times each
comparison evaluated is going to depend on the computational and memory
manipulation cost of doing so (I assume the workbook is loaded in memory,
so no IO costs), and how frequently this set of comparisons is being
performed.
--
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--
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Re: Converting tuple of lists of variable length into dictionary
On Sun, 18 Oct 2015 03:17:18 -0700, Beppe wrote:
> hi to everybody, I must turn a tuple of lists into a dictionary.
I went down a different path to Peter, and discovered something
perplexing:
This failed:
d = { i: deepcopy(l).remove(i) for l in t for i in l }
So I tried to expand it out to see where the issue was, and ended up with
two variants:
def f1(l, i):
m = deepcopy(l)
m.remove(i)
return m
d = { i: f1(l,i) for l in t for i in l }
def f2(l, i):
m = deepcopy(l).remove(i)
return m
d = { i: f2(l,i) for l in t for i in l }
The first variant using, m = deepcopy(l); m.remove(i) works fine,
generating:
{'a': ['b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'], 'c': ['a', 'b', 'd', 'e', 'f'], 'b':
['a', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'], 'e': ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'f'], 'd': ['a',
'b', 'c', 'e', 'f'], 'g': ['h', 'i'], 'f': ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], 'i':
['g', 'h'], 'h': ['g', 'i'], 'm': ['l', 'n', 'o'], 'l': ['m', 'n', 'o'],
'o': ['l', 'm', 'n'], 'n': ['l', 'm', 'o']}
The second variant using, m = deepcopy(l).remove(i) fails thus:
{'a': None, 'c': None, 'b': None, 'e': None, 'd': None, 'g': None, 'f':
None, 'i': None, 'h': None, 'm': None, 'l': None, 'o': None, 'n': None}
I'm not sure I understand why after m = deepcopy(l); m.remove(i); m is a
different value to that which it as after m = deepcopy(l).remove(i).
--
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Re: Converting tuple of lists of variable length into dictionary
On Sun, 18 Oct 2015 20:38:26 +, Denis McMahon wrote: > On Sun, 18 Oct 2015 03:17:18 -0700, Beppe wrote: > >> hi to everybody, I must turn a tuple of lists into a dictionary. > > I went down a different path to Peter, and discovered something > perplexing: I just realised staring at it again that I'm getting the return value from the remove (ie None) in the failing case, because the remove is operating on the original list, rather than returning an updated copy. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[issue6331] Add unicode script info to the unicode database
Changes by Denis Jacquerye <moy...@gmail.com>: -- nosy: +Denis Jacquerye ___ Python tracker <rep...@bugs.python.org> <http://bugs.python.org/issue6331> ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: https://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue22612] Add block info to unicodedata
Changes by Denis Jacquerye <moy...@gmail.com>: -- nosy: +Denis Jacquerye ___ Python tracker <rep...@bugs.python.org> <http://bugs.python.org/issue22612> ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: https://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
Re: pip problem
On Fri, 16 Oct 2015 11:50:11 +0300, Antti Lagus wrote: > hello, > > installed pyton3.5 to NOT default folder. > tried to install cx_Freeze, but countered errors where pip tried to > copy/import stuff from default install location. > > please fix Hi, I waved my magic wand, and your problem should be fixed. If your problem is not fixed, manual intervention may be needed. We can probably tell you what you need to do, but more details of the problem are needed first. What OS? Where did you get python from and What command are you using to install it? Do you have all the permissions needed to write to the directories you're asking it to put files in? Did you run the installation process with those permissions? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to repeat a loop once it is finished
On Thu, 15 Oct 2015 06:29:24 -0700, abbasmo wrote:
> what would be a small thing that I could add to make this thing run
> again?
See what happens when you run the following code. Then adapt it to your
application.
stop = False
while not stop:
x = input("enter something, quit, stop or end to exit: ")
print("you entered: ", x)
if x in ["stop","quit","end"]:
stop = True
print("Finished now")
--
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--
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Re: How to repeat a loop once it is finished
On Thu, 15 Oct 2015 14:51:05 +0100, Mark Lawrence wrote:
> On 15/10/2015 14:31, abba...@centralfoundationboys.co.uk wrote:
>> if you could write a small piece of code for me it would great
>>
>>
> If you used your favourite search engine in an attempt to write the code
> before you ask questions about it, then that would be even better.
> Knowing what piece of code would also help us to help you. As a starter
> here is a small piece of code.
>
> a = 1
>
> Is that adequate?
If not, perhaps:
b = [c for c in range(20)]
d = {e:b for e in b}
can help?
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--
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Re: Trouble running
On Mon, 05 Oct 2015 19:06:04 +0100, Cameroni123 ™ wrote: > Hi I have recently installed python on windows 10 and I’m trying to save > in order to run the module and I cant I don’t know why, could you please > help? Based on the comprehensive problem description I have waved my magic wand. It should work now. If it still doesn't work, please provide more details about the problem. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Finding Blank Columns in CSV
On Mon, 05 Oct 2015 13:29:03 +, Jaydip Chakrabarty wrote: > Hello, > > I have a csv file like this. > > Name,Surname,Age,Sex abc,def,,M ,ghi,,F jkl,mno,, > pqr,,,F > > I want to find out the blank columns, that is, fields where all the > values are blank. Here is my python code. > > fn = "tmp1.csv" > fin = open(fn, 'rb') > rdr = csv.DictReader(fin, delimiter=',') > data = list(rdr) > flds = rdr.fieldnames fin.close() > mt = [] > flag = 0 for i in range(len(flds)): > for row in data: > if len(row[flds[i]]): > flag = 0 break > else: > flag = 1 > if flag: > mt.append(flds[i]) flag = 0 > print mt > > I need to know if there is better way to code this. > > Thanks. Assuming all the records have the same number of fields: I'd create a list of flags of length numfields, all set to 0 then for each record, I*d set flag[n] = 1 if field[n] has content then I'd check if I still have any 0 flags, and if I do, process the next record As soon as I have no 0 flags, I can stop processing records, as this means I have no empty columns. It might be more efficient if, when checking a record, I only tested the fields for which flag was still 0. Example (untested) flags = [False for x in rdr.fieldnames] for row in data: blanks = False for i in range(len(flags)): if not flags[i]: if len(row[i]) == 0: flags[i] = True else: blanks = True if not blanks: break -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: function code snippet that has function calls I have never seen before. How does it work.
On Sat, 03 Oct 2015 10:40:57 -0700, Ronald Cosentino wrote: > def funA(x,y,z): > return (x+y) * z > def funB(x,y): > return(x-y) > print(funA(4,funB(2,3), funB(3,2))) > > the answer is 3. I don't know how it works. def funA(x, y, z): return (x+y) * z def funB(x, y): return (x-y) # this line # print(funA(4,funB(2,3), funB(3,2))) # can be written as the following 4 lines: a = funB(2, 3) # 2 - 3 -> -1 b = funB(3, 2) # 3 - 2 -> 1 c = funA(4, a, b) # (4 + -1) * 1 -> 3 print(c) # 3 -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about regular expression
On Wed, 30 Sep 2015 23:30:47 +, Denis McMahon wrote:
> On Wed, 30 Sep 2015 11:34:04 -0700, massi_srb wrote:
>
>> firstly the description of my problem. I have a string in the following
>> form: .
>
> The way I solved this was to:
>
> 1) replace all the punctuation in the string with spaces
>
> 2) split the string on space
>
> 3) process each thing in the list to test if it was a number or word
>
> 4a) add words to the dictionary as keys with value of a default list, or
> 4b) add numbers to the dictionary in the list at the appropriate
> position
>
> 5) convert the list values of the dictionary to tuples
>
> It seems to work on my test case:
>
> s = "fred jim(1) alice tom (1, 4) peter (2) andrew(3,4) janet( 7,6 )
> james ( 7 ) mike ( 9 )"
>
> d = {'mike': (9, 0), 'janet': (7, 6), 'james': (7, 0), 'jim': (1, 0),
> 'andrew': (3, 4), 'alice': (0, 0), 'tom': (1, 4), 'peter': (2, 0),
> 'fred':
> (0, 0)}
Oh yeah, the code:
#!/usr/bin/python
import re
s = 'fred jim(1) alice tom (1, 4) peter (2) andrew(3,4) janet( 7,6 ) james
( 7 ) mike ( 9 ) jon ( 6 , 3 ) charles(0,12)'
bits = s.replace('(', ' ').replace(',', ' ').replace(')', ' ').split(' ')
d = {}
namep = re.compile('^[A-Za-z]+$')
numbp = re.compile('^[0-9]+$')
for bit in bits:
if namep.match(bit):
d[bit] = [0,0]
w = bit
nums = 0
if numbp.match(bit):
n = int(bit)
d[w][nums] = n
nums += 1
d = {x:tuple(d[x]) for x in d}
print s
print d
It uses regex to determine if the list element being processed is a name
or a number, which makes for 2 very simple patterns.
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Re: Python 3.5.0 (32-bit) Setup error
On Fri, 02 Oct 2015 12:32:14 +1000, Hadassah Harland wrote: > The python for windows setup program is constantly opening on my > computer, > every couple seconds. Nothing I can do will make it stop. Please, make > it stop. Based on the comprehensive and thorough information that you have given, I have waved my magic wand. If this didn't work, the information you supplied was insufficient. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about regular expression
On Thu, 01 Oct 2015 01:48:03 -0700, gal kauffman wrote:
> items = s.replace(' (', '(').replace(', ',',').split()
>
> items_dict = dict()
> for item in items:
> if '(' not in item:
> item += '(0,0)'
> if ',' not in item:
> item = item.replace(')', ',0)')
>
> name, raw_data = item.split('(') data_tuple = tuple((int(v) for v in
> raw_data.replace(')','').split(',')))
>
> items_dict[name] = data_tuple
Please don't top post.
What happens if there's more whitespace than you allow for preceding a
'(' or following a ',', or if there's whitespace following '('?
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--
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Re: Question about regular expression
On Thu, 01 Oct 2015 15:53:38 +, Rob Gaddi wrote:
> There's a quote for this. 'Some people, when confronted with a problem,
> think “I know, I'll use regular expressions.” Now they have two
> problems.'
I actually used 2 regexes:
wordpatt = re.compile('[a-zA-Z]+')
numpatt = re.compile('[0-9]+')
replace all '(', ',' and ')' in the string with spaces
split the string on space
create an empty dict d
process each thing in the split list setting d[word]=[0,0] for each word
element (wordpatt.match(thing)) (a list because I want to be able to
modify it)
setting d[word][n] = int(num) for each num element (numpatt.match(thing))
with n depending on whether it was the first or second num following the
previous word
then:
d = {x:tuple(d[x]) for x in d}
to convert the lists in the new dic to tuples
--
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--
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Re: Error code 0x80070570
On Wed, 30 Sep 2015 23:06:13 +0530, Rusiri Jayalath wrote: > Error code 0x80070570 appears when installing python 3.5.0 (32-bit) > setup for my windows 8.1 system. Please help me to solve this problem. This seems to be a windows error, not a python issue. Try google. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Question about regular expression
On Wed, 30 Sep 2015 11:34:04 -0700, massi_srb wrote:
> firstly the description of my problem. I have a string in the following
> form: .
The way I solved this was to:
1) replace all the punctuation in the string with spaces
2) split the string on space
3) process each thing in the list to test if it was a number or word
4a) add words to the dictionary as keys with value of a default list, or
4b) add numbers to the dictionary in the list at the appropriate position
5) convert the list values of the dictionary to tuples
It seems to work on my test case:
s = "fred jim(1) alice tom (1, 4) peter (2) andrew(3,4) janet( 7,6 ) james
( 7 ) mike ( 9 )"
d = {'mike': (9, 0), 'janet': (7, 6), 'james': (7, 0), 'jim': (1, 0),
'andrew': (3, 4), 'alice': (0, 0), 'tom': (1, 4), 'peter': (2, 0), 'fred':
(0, 0)}
--
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--
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Re: Check if a given value is out of certain range
On Tue, 29 Sep 2015 10:16:04 +0530, Laxmikant Chitare wrote: > Is there any similar elegant way to check if a value is out of certain > range? What about: if not (0 < x < 10): -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Learning Modules, Arguments, Parameters (imma noob)
On Fri, 25 Sep 2015 12:03:43 -0700, Cody Cox wrote:
> #Design a modular program that asks the user to enter a distance in
> kilometers and then covert it to miles # Miles = Kilometers * 0.6214
#!/usr/bin/python
# main calls the input routine to get the km value, then
# calls the conversion routine to convert the km value
# to miles, then prints the output
def main():
km = get_kms()
mi = convert_km_mi(k)
print "{} Km is {} miles.".format(km, mi)
# get_float_input() reads a float input using the supplied
# prompt.
def get_float_input(prompt):
return float(input(prompt))
# Get kms uses the generic get_float_input to read a km
# value
def get_kms():
return get_float_input("Enter Kms: ")
# generic conversion function
def convert_float_a_b(a, factor):
return float(a * factor)
# convert km_mi uses the generic converter
# to convert km to miles
def convert_km_mi(km):
return convert_float_a_b(km, 0.6214)
# now call main to kick it all off
main()
--
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Re: Python, convert an integer into an index?
On Tue, 22 Sep 2015 14:43:55 -0700, Chris Roberts wrote: > results = 134523 #(Integer) This appears to be an integer expressed (presumably) in base 10 with 6 digits > Desired: > results = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 3] #(INDEX) This appears to be a python list of 7 elements, with the first and the the third through seventh elements corresponding to the first and the second through sixth most significant digits respectively of the previously discussed integer. I can't actually see any direct method of creating the list given from the number given. However, if I understand the intent of the question you meant to ask, you might find that the following code does something interesting: x = 9876543210 y = [] while x > 0: y.append(x % 10) x = int(x / 10) y = list(reversed(y)) print y -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Einstein's Riddle
On Sat, 19 Sep 2015 21:27:47 -0600, Michael Torrie wrote: > I read once of a university that, upon decomissioning a mainframe, found > a job that had been in the queue for many years but had never run. > Probably some poor grad student's job. Somewhere there's a computer sitting in the corner of a Pentagon office that makes an unanswered modem call to a telephone somewhere once a week. One day, someone will realise they have no idea why, and shut the computer off. When the doomsday silo on the other end stops receiving it's weekly "everything is ok" message, it's going to nuke Beijing and Moscow . (I really really really hope that this is indeed fiction!) -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Add items from a python list to a javascript array
On Sat, 19 Sep 2015 00:25:20 -0700, Darryl Doherty wrote:
> I have a kiosk for digital signage which has a html index file with a
> javascript which rotates through other html files using iframe at timed
> intervals. What I want to do is edit the array in the index file with
> Python to add and remove the HTML file paths from the array. I have a
> list of all file paths in the python list, so I want to select a path
> from the list and add it to the javascript array. In addition I want to
> be able to use python to remove file paths from the array when needed.
> I'm new to Python so some code examples would be appreciated. Thanks.
I'm going to assume that the whole web page is being generated by python
code with the web server, and that the list of files is available in the
python code at the time of web page generation.
First of all, you need to create a python list of the file names to use.
This will use whatever the current data is when the web page is generated.
Secondly, you need to write this list to a suitable javascript variable
when you construct the web page. Assuming that all the file paths are
standard ascii with no spaces etc in them, say you have a python list
like this:
Here is a very simple code example for a method (and there are others) of
embedding such a list of paths held in python within a javascript
variable inside a script element in a web page:
#!/usr/bin/python
files = ["/a/a.htm", "/a/b.htm", "/a/c.htm"]
page = "\n"
fmt = "var frames=Array({});\n"
page += fmt.format(",".join(map(lambda x:'"'+x+'"', files)))
page += "\n"
print page
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Re: How to use the returned telnet object after creating the telnet session.
On Sun, 13 Sep 2015 00:38:03 -0700, manjunatha.mahalingappa wrote: > Assume that I will pass IP and port information from a function to open > the telnet session. have opened the telnet session and after opening the > telnet session I returned telnet object to calling function. > > Now in the calling function If I use that object to read or write to > terminal I'm getting ERROR "AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no > attribute 'read_very_eager'". My best guess would be that something failed and has returned None instead of the object / class you're expecting. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Phone Tree
On Sun, 13 Sep 2015 07:39:23 -0700, Azureaus wrote:
> Does anyone have any ideas for a more elegant solution? My thoughts are
> that I could use a tree data structure and hence make traversing the
> tree recursive based on yes or no answers. I'm happy to put the time in
> to explain these more complex ideas, I'm just hoping those with more
> expertise than myself could either help verify the idea or suggest
> alternatives.
The trick is to separate the data and the processing.
Each question has a yes, no answer, so start with a dictionary of data
tuples (you could use a list, but using a dictionary makes the
relationship slightly easier to walk through):
questions = {
1: (q1, response if yes, response if no),
2: (q2, response if yes, response if no) }
The responses can be either a number of another question, or a result
text.
Then your algorithm is broadly:
x = 1:
while x is numeric:
ask questions[x][0]
if answer is "yes":
x = questions[x][1]
if answer is "no":
x = questions[x][2]
answer is x
You can use a list instead of a dictionary, just remember 0 indexing when
you're working out which question leads to which next question.
This way also makes for an interesting talking point about separating
data and code, especially given the multiple if statements issue.
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Re: convert element in a list to float
On Sun, 13 Sep 2015 23:02:55 +0200, Laura Creighton wrote: > In a message of Sun, 13 Sep 2015 12:55:13 -0700, forums...@hotmail.com > writes: >> >>For starters, I googled and saw a plethora of writings on how to convert >>an entire list from string to float. My interest is on select elements >>in the list. The output from the print statement: print scenarioList >> >>is as follows >> >>[ '300', '"N"', '1140', '"E"' ] >> >>I need to convert the first and third element to float. >> lat = ( float ) scenarioList [ 0 ] >> lon = ( float ) scenarioList [ 2 ] >> >>fails (invalid syntax). How can I achieve my objective. >> >>Thanks in advance > > Does this help? > >>>> l = [ '300', '"N"', '1140', '"E"' ] >>>> [float(l[0]), l[1], float(l[2]), l[3]] > [300.0, '"N"', 1140.0, '"E"'] Here's a method that will convert any value in a list that can be made a float into a float, and (I think) should leave all others as they are. It users a helper function and a list comprehension. >>> def tofloat(x): ... try: ... return float(x) ... except ValueError: ... return None ... >>> l = [ '300', '"N"', '1140', '"E"' ] >>> l = [ tofloat(x) or x for x in l ] >>> l [300.0, '"N"', 1140.0, '"E"'] -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Random MAC generator error
On Sun, 13 Sep 2015 00:50:24 +0530, Robert Clove wrote: > import random # > > global mac1 > def randomMAC(): > mac = [ 0x00, 0x16, 0x3e, > random.randint(0x00, 0x7f), random.randint(0x00, 0xff), > random.randint(0x00, 0xff) ] > return ':'.join(map(lambda x: "%02x" % x, mac)) > # > print randomMAC() > > for x in range(1,11): > > mac1 = randomMAC() > > print mac1 > > I got the following random mac generator script from the net (simple > google search) > > i want to use random mac in one of mine script.What i need is > mac1=randomMAC() should give mac value to mac1 that i use in a function > and this runs in a loop. And you haven't told us what the "error" you're posting about is? When I ran the code I got the following result: 00:16:3e:21:da:a4 00:16:3e:57:be:d2 00:16:3e:6b:e5:ae 00:16:3e:54:0e:f0 00:16:3e:57:5e:50 00:16:3e:21:99:6b 00:16:3e:12:e6:05 00:16:3e:53:02:6d 00:16:3e:79:17:1b 00:16:3e:02:ff:b8 00:16:3e:4e:ff:0d Observation: No point in declaring mac1 as global in the global scope. Is it possible that you've tried to run python 2.x code on python 3.x and hit an error due to 'print x' -> 'print(x)'? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Context-aware return
On Fri, 11 Sep 2015 03:54:14 +1000, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > If I did this thing, would people follow me down the street booing and > jeering and throwing things at me? Yes >>> x = func() >>> x >>> func() >>> print x == func() >>> assert x == func() Would you expect the last two calls to func() to return 999 or "Awesome"? Why? What is the material difference if any between interpreter (a) displaying the return value and (b) comparing the return value with another value. Debugging nightmare! -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hi am new to python
On Tue, 08 Sep 2015 17:44:26 -0500, Nassim Gannoun wrote: > My question is in a while loop; how do l sum all the numbers in the > given list (list_a)? You don't normally use a while loop or a counter to iterate over a list. Such a question should only be used as a precursor to discussing better methods of achieving the required result. While loop: > sum_a = 0 > i = 0 > while i < (len(list_a)): > sum_a += list_a[i] > i += 1 > print(sum_a) Better, use a for loop: s = 0 for i in list_a: s += i print (s) Even better, use sum(): s = sum(list_a) print (s) And if you only want to display the answer: print (sum(list_a)) -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Lesson 39 of Learning Python the Hard Way hangs
On Wed, 09 Sep 2015 20:45:57 +, John Gordon wrote: > In any case, I saved your code and ran it, and did not get an error. +1 I think "Execution Succesful!" might be coming from his IDE? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python
On Sun, 06 Sep 2015 16:09:42 -0700, babi pepek wrote: > I wand update update There, now you have update. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Can anyone help me run python scripts with http.server?
On Sun, 06 Sep 2015 23:23:14 +1000, Chris Angelico wrote: > WSGIScriptAlias / /path/to/scripts/MinstrelHall/mh.wsgi One wonders if the OP has mod_wsgi installed. https://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/WhereToGetHelp might be useful too. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to compare lists
On Tue, 01 Sep 2015 07:08:48 +0200, Jahn wrote: > 1. > How can I save 256 lists, each list has 32 values( hexadecimal numbers) > 2. > How to compare the saved lists with another 256 lists ( that are read > online and have the same structure as the list one)? > ( the first list must be saved in the previous step) Develop code that works for smaller lists. Test it. When it works, try it on bigger lists. For example, you seem to have two very separate requirements: Save (and presumably read) a list. My favourite mechanism for saving data structures is json. Read the json module help. Gogling "python store list data" might bring you other suggestions. Comparing two lists. One method is to step through the members of each list in turn, and see if it is in the other list. Another method is to check that the lists are the same length, and have the same value at each element position. Both may have flaws depending on the exact nature of your requirement - and what you consider to be identical lists. Googling "python compare lists" may lead you to some ideas. When you have written and tested your code, if it's not doing what you expect, you could come back here and post your code with a description of what you think it should do, what it actually does, and why you think that's wrong, and we'll try and help you fix. What we won't do is write your application from scratch. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Can I download XML data from the web and save, in as CSV or TXT delimitation?
On Wed, 19 Aug 2015 04:57:44 -0700, ryguy7272 wrote: [stuff] Downloading xml from the web is easy writing csv or txt is easy The tricky bit is converting the xml you have into the csv or text data you want. And to do that, you need to understand the structure of the xml data that you are receiving and how the xml nodes and their attributes and values should be mapped into the csv file you want to create. Unfortunately I don't think that there is a single standard mechanism for doing that bit, although there are some tools and libraries that can help. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to model government organization hierarchies so that the list can expand and compress
On Thu, 13 Aug 2015 12:10:12 -0700, Alex Glaros wrote:
What would the data model look like for this?
Define an organizational unit. Give it a unique name. Give it a list of
superiors and a list of subordinates.
government = {
'president' : { 'superiors' : [], 'subordinates' : ['jcs', 'cia', 'fbi',
'nsa', 'treasury', 'nasa' . ] },
'jcs' : { 'superiors': ['president', 'congress', 'senate', 'treasury'],
'subordinates' : ['army', 'navy', 'air force', 'jsoc'] },
'navy' : { 'superiors' : ['jcs', 'nsa', 'cia'], 'subordinates' :
['seals', 'marines', 'pacific fleet' ] },
}
The multiple parenting means that you need to use something as
references. You can't represent the hierarchy as a simple tree, because
in a simple tree a node only has one parent.
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Re: AttributeError
On Thu, 13 Aug 2015 02:41:55 -0700, Ltc Hotspot wrote: How do I define X? What are the values of X Y from the code as follows: # print time: ['From', 'stephen.marqu...@uct.ac.za', 'Sat', 'Jan', '5', '09:14:16', '2008'] This is the data you need to look at. X is the position in the printed list of the time information. If you can not determine the correct X value by inspection of the list having been told which element it should be, then you need to go back to the python documentation and read about the list data object and how elements within the list are referenced. Once you understand from the documentation how to reference the list elements, you will be able to determine by inspection of the above list the correct value for X. Y is the position of the hours element within the time information when that information is further split using the ':' separator. You may need to refer to the documentation for the split() method of the string data object. Once you understand from the documentation how the string.split() function creates a list, and how to reference the list elements (as above), you will be able to determine by inspection the correct value for Y. This is fundamental python knowledge, and you must discover it in the documentation and understand it. You will then be able to determine the correct values for X and Y. Note that the code I posted may need the addition of a line something like: if line.startswith(From ): in a relevant position, as well as additional indenting to take account of that addition. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: AttributeError
On Wed, 12 Aug 2015 16:46:32 -0700, Ltc Hotspot wrote:
How do I define X?
-
Traceback reads:
10 f = open(filename,'r')
11 for l in f:
--- 12 h = int(l.split()[X].split(':')[Y])
13 c[h] = c[h] + 1 14 f.close()
NameError: name 'X' is not defined
If you read the text that I posted with the solution, it tells you what X
and Y are. They are numbers that describe the positions of elements in
your input data.
This absolute refusal by you to read any explanations that are posted are
exactly why you will never be a good programmer. To become a good
programmer you need to read and understand the explanations.
In the post with that code example, I wrote:
It also assumes that there is a timestamp of the form hh:mm:ss that
always appears at the same word position X in each line in the file, and
that the hours record always at position Y in the timestamp.
You have to replace X and Y in that line with numbers that represent the
positions in the lists returned by the relevant split commands of the
actual text elements that you want to extract.
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Re: AttributeError
On Wed, 12 Aug 2015 11:35:03 -0700, Ltc Hotspot wrote:
How do I define time in the revised code ?
I'm guessing that you have a line of input like:
word word word timestamp word word word word
and that timestamp looks something like:
hh:mm:ss
Start of by defining a list with 24 elements all integer 0.
Open the file.
for each line, first you trim it, then you split it on spaces, you take
the relevant element of the list of bits as the timestamp, and then you
split that on the ':' character, then you take the int value of the hours
element of that list and use that as the index into your list to update
the count.
Processing a file takes very few lines of actual code. There is no need
to use a dictionary, you can do it with a single list and no sorting.
This is a solution in 8 lines, and assumes that the actual requirement is
to count, for each hour, the number of log messages generated in that
hour, and then display, listed by hour, the number of messages generated
in each hour during the day. It also assumes that there is a timestamp of
the form hh:mm:ss that always appears at the same word position X in each
line in the file, and that the hours record always at position Y in the
timestamp.
c = [0 for i in range(24)]
f = open(filename,'r')
for l in f:
h = int(l.strip().split()[X].split(':')[Y])
c[h] = c[h] + 1
f.close()
for i in range(24):
print '{:02d} {}'.format(i, c[i])
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Re: AttributeError
On Wed, 12 Aug 2015 09:29:50 -0700, Ltc Hotspot wrote: Using the attached file of a diagram as a frame, why is there an attribute message? Perhaps you should read the message. It's very clear. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: AttributeError
On Wed, 12 Aug 2015 12:05:37 -0700, Ltc Hotspot wrote: Have a look at assignment_10_2_v_06.py. What should I look at assignment_10_2_v_06.py.: You shouldn't. You should instead approach your tutor and tell him you are too stupid to learn computer programming[1], and can you please transfer to floor-scrubbing 101. [1] You have repeatedly ignored advice and instructions that you have been given. This is de-facto proof that you are not capable of learning to program computers. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: AttributeError
On Tue, 11 Aug 2015 22:03:05 -0700, Ltc Hotspot wrote:
Question: What sorted function should I write to produce the desired
output, below:
Me, I'd start by declaring a dictionary to hold the data:
counts = { {:02d}.format(h):0 for h in range(24) }
Then I'd parse the strings in the log file(s), incrementing counts[x]
where x is the hour field of the timestamp.
Then I'd create a list of tuples:
ncounts = [(k,v) for k,v in counts.items()]
sort it by the hour field:
ncounts.sort(key = lambda x: x[0])
and print it:
for x in ncounts:
print x[0], x1
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Re: AttributeError
On Tue, 11 Aug 2015 17:01:24 -0700, Ltc Hotspot wrote: What is the list equivalent to line 12: ncount.sort(reverse=True) count = dict() fname = raw_input(Enter file name: )# handle = open (fname, 'r')# for line in handle: if line.startswith(From ): address = line.split()[5] line = line.rstrip() count[address] = count.get(address, 0) + 1 At this point, count seems to be a dictionary of address: count of lines for key,val in count.items(): ncount = (key,val) ncount.sort(reverse=True) print key,val ncount is a single key-value pair. Why are you trying to sort ncount? Do you want results ordered by count? First, change your dictionary into a list of tuples: ncount = [(a,c) for a,c in count.items()] Then sort ncount on the second field of the tuple: ncount.sort(key = lambda x: x[1], reverse=True) print ncount -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ANN: Lea 2.1.2
I am pleased to announce the release of Lea 2.1.2! There are NO known open bug in this version. Please note the migration of the project to Bitbucket (see URL below), due to the approaching end of Google Code. What is Lea? Lea is a Python package aiming at working with discrete probability distributions in an intuitive way. It allows you to model a broad range of random phenomenons, like dice throwing, coin tossing, gambling, weather, etc. It offers several modelling features of a PPL (Probabilistic Programming Language), including bayesian inference and Markov chains. Lea is open-source (LGPL) and runs on Python 2 or 3. See project page below for more information (installation, tutorials, examples, etc). Lea project page https://bitbucket.org/piedenis/lea Download Lea (PyPI) --- http://pypi.python.org/pypi/lea With the hope that Lea can make your fun less uncertain, Pierre Denis -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations/
Re: Logical Query JSON
On Fri, 31 Jul 2015 08:07:23 +0200, dieter wrote:
Keep in mind that Python is a (more or less) general purpose language
which does not know about jsonquery. It has and, or and not
operators (defined in the language reference) *BUT* these are not the
operators you are looking for.
You will need a special jsonquery extension (search
http://pypi.python.org; to find out whether there is something like
this)
which would provide appropriate support.
Actually it's not too hard. You can construct the json query syntax
fairly easily from python once you understand it:
import json
query = json.dumps( { $and:[ { $gt: {age: 5} }, { $not:
{name: curly} } ] } )
query
'{$and: [{$gt: {age: 5}}, {$not: {name: curly}}]}'
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Re: Logical Query JSON
On Thu, 30 Jul 2015 06:32:01 -0700, subhabrata.banerji wrote: I am trying to query JSON with Logical operators. Your post was an excellent example of asking for help without explaining what your problem was at all. Please: - show an example of what you tried; - give the results you expected; - show the results you actually got. COPY and PASTE the code and results, do not re-type them, or summarise them. I found the examples quite easy to follow to create json queries, although as I don't have a db2 etc setup here iI'm unale to try feeding the resulting json query into a database to see what comes out. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Find Minimum for element in multiple dimensional array
On Wed, 22 Jul 2015 15:54:06 -0700, Robert Davis wrote:
Given a set of arrays within an array how do I find the arrays with the
minimum values based on two elements/columns in the array? Those two
elements/columns are the destination zip code and distance.
create a new dictionary
for each source/destination pair in your list of source destination pairs:
if the destination zip code is not in the new dictionary, copy the entry
to the new dictionary keyed on the destination zip code.
if the destination zip code is in the new dictionary, copy the entry to
the new dictionary keyed on the destination zip code only if the distance
is less than the distance of the current entry in the new dictionary.
convert the values of the new dictionary to a list.
write the list as csv
Here is an example, note that I'm just using 2 bits of data, the first
bit of data in each sub list simulates the destination area code, and the
second simulates the distance from the associated source zip code.
Obviously you need to adjust these to match the actual parameters in your
list of lists.
import csv
info = [['a',15],['a',17],['a',21],['b',96],['b',45],['b',38],['c',71],
['c',18],['c',54]]
tmp = {}
for thing in info:
if thing[0] in tmp:
if thing[1] tmp[thing[0]][1]:
tmp[thing[0]] = thing
else:
tmp[thing[0]] = thing
with open(output.csv, wb) as f:
writer = csv.writer(f)
writer.writerows(tmp.values())
and lo:
$ cat output.csv
a,15
c,18
b,38
$
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Re: unexpected output while using list(and nested dictionary)
On Wed, 22 Jul 2015 17:09:21 -0500, max scalf wrote:
I have posted a question on stack overflow for better readability ...
but is intended for python list Please see question below...
It's quite obvious that your list and dictionary processing is not doing
what you think it is.
However, the question you have posted is a long and complex one. Perhaps
you could reduce it to a simpler example.
Your problem seems to be that in a list of dictionaries that is itself
several levels of dictionary deep, you only see a single dictionary when
you do the json conversion.
perhaps you could try a simpler structure, such as:
import json
d1 = {'c':'0.0.0.0', 'f':'1', 'p':'icmp', 't':'1'}
d2 = {'c':'1.1.1.1', 'f':'22', 'p':'tcp', 't':'22'}
l = [d1,d2]
d3 = {'g': 'text', 's': l}
d4 = {'p': d3}
d5 = {'r': d4}
print d5
print json.dumps(d5)
This correctly gives the following output, so I guess your problem is in
how you create the list of dictionaries (l in my example).
{'r': {'p': {'s': [{'p': 'icmp', 'c': '0.0.0.0', 't': '1', 'f': '1'},
{'p': 'tcp', 'c': '1.1.1.1', 't': '22', 'f': '22'}], 'g': 'text'}}}
{r: {p: {s: [{p: icmp, c: 0.0.0.0, t: 1, f: 1},
{p: tcp, c: 1.1.1.1, t: 22, f: 22}], g: text}}}
I would suggest you look closely at your makesg function, and the data
that you are actually feeding to it and how it is using that data.
makesg expects a collection as the third param, you seem to be passing it
a list of one port element.
makesg returns a list of sg, with an entry for every port. You then use
this as tsg.SecurityGroupIngress. However, the way your code is written,
you process all the 'i' in mylist, and for each 'i' overwrite
tsg.SecurityGroupIngress with a new single element list sg from makesg.
I suspect you've refactored some code from processing a list of things
inside a function to processing them in the main body, or vice versa, or
have just got confused about what you're processing where.
I suggest that you rename your makesg function to makesgr, and have it
return the rule appropriate to one entry in mylist.
Then you can append the returned rule to tsg.SecurityGroupIngress with:
tsg.SecurityGroupIngress.append(mksgr(param,param,param))
Alternatively, pass mylist to makesg, and return the whole list of rules.
tsg.SecurityGroupIngress = mksg(mylist)
Either method will require some rewriting of both the mksg[r] function
and the main code to work together, but as the existing problem is that
they don't seem to work together to create the data structure you expect
them to create, that's not going to be a bad thing.
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flipping string order
On Sun, 19 Jul 2015 17:35:03 +0100, MRAB wrote: rsplit - one line. def lastWordFirst(s): return .join(reversed(s.rsplit( , 1))) -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Need assistance
On Sat, 18 Jul 2015 12:35:10 +0200, Sibylle Koczian wrote: Am 18.07.2015 um 02:40 schrieb Denis McMahon: Having a list of words, get a copy of the list in reverse order. See the reversed function (and maybe the list function). That won't really help, because the desired order is, with the example the OP used: Sirna Daniel Craig. So here indexing is necessary, but indexing of the list elements, not of the characters in the string. Oh, then it's even easier, yes, it's mainly a case of list indexing. 1) Split the original string into a list of words (string.split() method) 2) create a sublist (s1) of the last element 3) create another sublist (s2) of the first to penultimate elements 4) combine the two sublists 5) use the string.join() method to combine the sublist elements into a single string I think most pythonistas would probably combine steps 2 through 4 in a single line of code, possibly even steps 2 through 5. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Need assistance
On Thu, 16 Jul 2015 19:15:38 -0700, craig.sirna wrote:
The assignment wants us to take a users first, middle and last name in a
single input ( name=('enter your full name: )).
Then we must display the full name rearranged in Last, First Middle
order.
To generate a list of words from a string, split the string up on the
spaces between words. See the split method of strings.
Having a list of words, get a copy of the list in reverse order. See the
reversed function (and maybe the list function).
Note - reversed returns an iterable, list will convert the iterable to a
list.
To join the elements of a list into a string, see the join method of
strings.
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Re: normalizing a value
On Wed, 01 Jul 2015 17:12:36 -0700, bvdp wrote: Not sure what this is called (and I'm sure it's not normalize). Perhaps scaling? Anyway, I need to convert various values ranging from around -50 to 50 to an 0 to 12 range (this is part of a MIDI music program). I have a number of places where I do: while x 0: x += 12 while x = 12: x -= 12 Okay, that works. Just wondering if there is an easier (or faster) way to accomplish this. Are you sure it works? Do you simply want to reduce it to the arbitrary range, or do you want to also retain the relationship between different x values such that if x1 x2, f(x1) f(x2)? Consider the following x values: -11, -12, -13, 11, 12, 13 -11 - 1 -12 - 0 -13 - 11 11 - 11 12 - 0 13 - 1 So -13 gives the same output value as 11 in your current code. Is this what you want? You could try the following: # step 1, limit x to the range -50 .. 50 if x -50: x = -50.0 ix x = 50: x = 50.0 # step 2, scale x to the range 0 .. 12 x = x * 0.12 + 6.0 If you want an integer value, you need to determine which method is most relevant. I would suggest rounding. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to fix TypeError: format requires a mapping
On Wed, 01 Jul 2015 14:57:14 -0700, hinaimran.mehr wrote:
I am pulling my hair with this problem right now,
I have the following Data structure
[OldSample {u'counter_name': u'cpu_util', u'user_id': u'id',
u'resource_id': u'id', u'timestamp': u'2015-06-30T15:53:55',
u'counter_volume': 0.043}]
This isn't a print out of any python data structure that I recognise. I
assume you have a list of dictionaries, and that each dictionary
represents one sample.
I need to make it something like this to put in EON pubnub charting
libaray (see link: http://www.pubnub.com/developers/eon/chart/spline/)
message: {
columns: [
[y: 0.043, x: 2015-06-30T15:53:55],
[y: 0.045, x: 2015-06-30T15:53:55]
]
Now I have the following code
data = cclient.samples.list(meter_name ='cpu_util', limit=2)
result_rows = []
for row in data:
formatted = [y: %(counter_volume)0.3f, x:
%(timestamp)s] % (row)
result_rows.append(formatted)
print(',\n'.join(result_rows))
clean_json(data)
I assume you want the output as json.
The solution may be to put the data into a suitable structure and dump
the structure to json.
import json
thing = {}
msg = {}
cols = []
for row in data:
col = {}
col['x'] = row['timestamp']
col['y'] = row['counter_volume']
cols.append(col)
msg['columns'] = cols
thing['message'] = msg
print thing
print json.dumps(thing)
--
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Re: enumerate XML tags (keys that will become headers) along with text (values) and write to CSV in one row (as opposed to stacked values with one header)
On Sun, 28 Jun 2015 17:07:00 -0700, Ned Batchelder wrote: On Sunday, June 28, 2015 at 5:02:19 PM UTC-4, Denis McMahon wrote: things thingstring 3/thing thingstring 2/thing thingstring 1/thing /things Each thing is just a member of the collection things, the xml does not contain sufficient information to state that things is an ordered collection containing a specific sequence of thing. You are right that XML does not specify that things is an ordered collection. But XML does preserve the order of the children. There are many XML schema that rely on XML's order-preserving nature. But what we *don't* know is whether the order of the umpteen identical tags in the XML has any significance in terms of the original data, although the OP seems intent on assigning some significance to that order without any basis for doing so. Consider the following tuple: t = (tuplemember_1, tuplemember_2, tuplemember_n) Can we safely assume that if the tuple is ever converted to xml, either now or at some future date using whatever the code implementation is then, that the order of the items will be preserved: tuple itemtuplemember_1/item itemtuplemember_2/item itemtuplemember_n/item /tuple And if we're reading that xml structure at some point in the future, is it safe to assume that the tuple members are in the same order in the xml as they were in the original tuple? For sanity item should have an attribute specifying the sequence of the item in it's tuple. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: enumerate XML tags (keys that will become headers) along with text (values) and write to CSV in one row (as opposed to stacked values with one header)
On Sun, 28 Jun 2015 09:46:36 +0200, Stefan Behnel wrote: Denis McMahon schrieb am 26.06.2015 um 09:44: xml data is an unordered list, and are trying to assign an order to it. If the xml data was ordered, either each tag would be different, or each tag would have an attribute specifying a sequence number. XML is not unordered. The document order is well defined and entirely obvious from the data. Whether this order is relevant and has a meaning or not is, however, not part of XML itself but is left to the semantics of the specific document format at hand. Meaning, XML document formats can choose to ignore that order and define it as irrelevant. That doesn't mean it's not there for a given document, but it may mean that a re-transmission of the same document would be allowed to use a different order without changing the information. This property applies to pretty much all structured data formats and not just XML, by the way, also to CSV and other tabular formats. The point I am trying to make to OP is that the following two XML fragments define the same data: things thingstring 1/thing thingstring 2/thing thingstring 3/thing /things and: things thingstring 3/thing thingstring 2/thing thingstring 1/thing /things Each thing is just a member of the collection things, the xml does not contain sufficient information to state that things is an ordered collection containing a specific sequence of thing. Mechanisms such as node.firstChild and node.getChild(x) are all very well for manipulating the xml, but any specific ordering of the original data should be carried out by using an appropriate attribute of the ordered data elements at the point where the xml representation is created. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: enumerate XML tags (keys that will become headers) along with text (values) and write to CSV in one row (as opposed to stacked values with one header)
On Thu, 25 Jun 2015 11:39:53 -0700, kbtyo wrote: My question can be found here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/31058100/enumerate-column-headers-in- csv-that-belong-to-the-same-tag-key-in-python I suggest you look on stack overflow for the answer. You appear to have failed to comprehend (again) the fact that the xml data is an unordered list, and are trying to assign an order to it. If the xml data was ordered, either each tag would be different, or each tag would have an attribute specifying a sequence number. If the original data is ordered, then you need to go back to the code that creates the xml and make it add the ordering information to the xml (ideally as an attribute of the tags concerned) to specify the order. You can not reliably and with any certainty of being accurate try and assign some sequence to the list of similarly named elements simply from their position in the list. You don't know if the code that creates the xml is walking the array like this: i = sizeof(arr); while (i--) addXmlElement(arr[i]); or like this: for (i = 0; i arr.len; i++) addXmlElement(arr[i]); or even like this: while (sizeof(arr)) addXmlElement(popArrElement(arr[sizeof(arr)/2])); Granted the latter is unlikely and perverse, but still not wholly impossible. More perverse and less likely mechanisms are also available. But my point remains - that if the ordering data is not passed into the xml, then you can not magically add it when you later use the xml. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[issue24504] os.listdir() error if the last folder starts not with the capital letter
New submission from Denis Gordeev: My code is: mypath = 'Z:\Pr Files\norma' file_list = [ f for f in listdir(mypath) if isfile(join(mypath,f))] Error: Traceback (most recent call last): File C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\uni\click zhenilo workshop\noise.py, line 13, in module file_list = [ f for f in listdir(mypath) if isfile(join(mypath,f))] WindowsError: [Error 123] The filename, directory name, or volume label syntax is incorrect: 'Z:\\Pr Files\norma/*.*' It works all right, if the path is: mypath = 'Z:\Pr Files\Norma' -- components: Windows messages: 245777 nosy: Denis Gordeev, paul.moore, steve.dower, tim.golden, zach.ware priority: normal severity: normal status: open title: os.listdir() error if the last folder starts not with the capital letter versions: Python 2.7 ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue24504 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: https://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
Re: JSON Object to CSV File Troubleshooting
On Sun, 21 Jun 2015 16:56:27 -0700, Sahlusar wrote: Here is an example XML document that I am working with: You are welcome to contribute and provide me with feedback. Thank you for your continued feedback and guidance. Your XML is invalid! You have a closing MO tag with no opening tag. This is the output that I seek: a,b // headers b,1 // data row 1 b,2 // data row 2 I assume from this that where you have a list of identical elements at the deepest nesting level of the XML file, you require one CSV record for each element in that list, and that you want all higher level element values and attributes duplicated in each CSV record. I assume that you want to use the tag name of each element as the identifier for the text content of the element (where there is any), and that where an element has no text content, a 0 value is appropriate. I also assume that as long as the relationship between the headers and the data is correct, it does not matter what order the headers are in, ie the data and headers can both be sorted by the header. The output of my code generated once I had corrected your broken XML by inserting an 'MO' opening tag between the 'Response' opening tag and the 'MonthDayCount' opening tag can be seen at: http://www.sined.co.uk/tmp/xml_to_csv.txt This was generated from xml file: http://www.sined.co.uk/tmp/xml_data.txt If you want the code that produced it, we can discuss fees, it took a few hours and for consultancy like this I expect a few 10s of $ per hour. There may be a generic method to do what you want involving parsing the xml to a nested dictionary / list data object, and then flattening that object, but I don't see that generating you one line of CSV for each Int32 in MonthDayCount. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: JSON Object to CSV file
On Sun, 21 Jun 2015 06:57:01 -0700, sahluwalia wrote:
On Sunday, 21 June 2015 02:47:31 UTC-4, Denis McMahon wrote:
On Wed, 17 Jun 2015 08:00:11 -0700, Saran A wrote:
I would like to have this JSON object written out to a CSV file so
that the keys are header fields (for each of the columns) and the
values are values that are associated with each header field.
{
CF: {
...
CF: Fee,
Your json object seems to have the same key used for two elements at
the same level, are you sure this is legal json?
I converted this from an XML file given to me from a third party. It is
as is. I am not sure what you mean by valid; that is a very subjective
measure for any form of quantitative or qualitative data.
Put it this way, when I feed your json object into a jason lint, the
output is the following:
{
CF: Fee,
ID: 2
}
The second occurrence in the parent object of name CF with a value of
string literal Fee overwrites the earlier name CF whose value is (in
python terms) a dictionary or (in json terms) an object.
--
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Re: JSON Object to CSV File Troubleshooting
On Mon, 22 Jun 2015 00:55:11 +0300, Joonas Liik wrote: In xml for instance this is valid: a b1/b /a .. and so is this: a b1/b b2/b /a What the OP needs to do is sit down with the XML and work out how it needs to be represented in CSV terms, and then code that transformation, but it appears that he's not listening. ie, does your xml: a b1/b b2/b /a translate to CSV: a,b // headers b,1 // data row 1 b,2 // data row 2 or to CSV: a, b, b // headers , 1, 2 // data row or even CSV: b // headers 1 // data row 1 2 // data row 2 If he can't codify that in a consistent manner across all the XML he wishes to process, then he really does need to find someone competent to do the job instead of wallowing around in json until the client gives up in despair at the lack of progress and finds someone else to do the job. This should really have been defined by whoever set the task to do the conversion. If the job is to convert from some XML DTD to a CSV format, then there should be a clear description of what extracts from the XML are expected to be in which positions in the CSV. This is the sort of data conversion code I generally turn out in a day or so, it's hardly rocket science as long as you have a clear description of what is required. If you don't have a clear description of what is required, you have to keep asking questions until you get one. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: JSON Object to CSV File Troubleshooting
On Sun, 21 Jun 2015 07:38:13 -0700, Sahlusar wrote: It is difficult to explain this to someone asynchronously and without an in person meeting. Moreover, the strict guidelines for disclosing information make it difficult for me to explain the client's requirements and the problems that they face. I do agree with you Denis that this is an unconventional approach. I was wondering then that perhaps I should add additional functionality at the XML to JSON step? So far, with JSON objects without nested lists (as values) I have been successful with this (the following is rather lengthy): No, step back and force yourself to answer these questions: Why use JSON as an intermediate step? What benefit does using JSON as an intermediate step bring me? I see no evidence in any of your posts that the use of JSON as an intermediate format for the data brings any benefit whatsoever, however I have seen evidence that it may be introducing errors and potential data loss, and it is certainly adding coding complexity. None of these are good reasons to do it, and all of them are good reasons not to do it. If your data is in XML and your requirement is for CSV, then you should be converting from XML to CSV. Also stop posting reams of code. No-one is reading it. If you have a specific error you need to fix, then post a shortest possible example of code that generates the error. This should never be more than about 10 lines. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: JSON Object to CSV File Troubleshooting
On Thu, 18 Jun 2015 18:47:30 -0700, Sahlusar wrote: I have a conundrum regarding JSON objects and converting them to CSV: I think your conundrum is that you've taken on a coding task beyond your abilities to comprehend, and as a result not only can you not code it, you can't even adequately describe it. At least, it seems that every time you do try and describe it either the data format or the task description changes. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: JSON Object to CSV file
On Wed, 17 Jun 2015 08:00:11 -0700, Saran A wrote:
I would like to have this JSON object written out to a CSV file so that
the keys are header fields (for each of the columns) and the values are
values that are associated with each header field.
{
CF: {
...
CF: Fee,
Your json object seems to have the same key used for two elements at the
same level, are you sure this is legal json?
--
Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com
--
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Re: JSON Object to CSV File Troubleshooting
On Thu, 18 Jun 2015 18:47:30 -0700, Sahlusar wrote: I have a conundrum regarding JSON objects and converting them to CSV: Context I am converting XML files to a JSON object (please see snippet below) and then finally producing a CSV file. Here is a an example JSON object: This is where you're going wrong. If you want CSV data, take the XML and generate CSV data from it. Converting and writing it out to JSON and then reading it back and converting to CSV involves an extra conversion step where errors can creep in. If you want to convert XML to CSV, go straight from XML to CSV, there is little added value in using some arbitrary intermediate format unless you're actually going to use the data in the intermediate format for something other than converting to the final format. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to inverse a particle emitter
On Thu, 04 Jun 2015 16:15:20 -0700, stephenppraneel7 wrote: hey, i really need help, im a straight up beginner in scripting and i need to figure out how to make an inverted particle emitter using python in maya An emitter of inverted particles? Or an inverted emitter? Or an absorber / accepter / receiver of emitted particles? I'm not quite sure what an inverted particle emitter is, but I don't think you can create one in software, you need lots of volts and magnets. If you're trying to model some physical device using python as a scripting language inside some simulation environment, then the best place to look is probably forums dedicated to that simulation environment. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What is considered an advanced topic in Python?
On Fri, 29 May 2015 09:01:55 -0700, Mike Driscoll wrote: I've been asked on several occasions to write about intermediate or advanced topics in Python and I was wondering what the community considers to be intermediate or advanced. I realize we're all growing in our abilities with the language, so this is going to be very subjective, but I am still curious what my fellow Python developers think about this topic. Hmmm, in terms of learning about computer programming: simplest: print hello world then things get more advanced in steps: (1) more instructions, but executed linearly, numbers and strings. (2) conditional execution - if statement (including error trapping) (3) loops, lists, dictionaries (4) defining functions (5) recursion (6) sexy python stuff - things like list comprehensions, using iterators, importing modules etc I think that's probably basic python covered in 6 steps (7 if you include hello world). Although you now have all the tools you need to write python code to do possibly very complex tasks, and thus to write very complex programs, you're using (IMO) basic python programming skills in doing so. I guess that makes OOP / classes the advanced topic in my system. I don't consider using library x to do y as advanced python, it's just gluing together existing functions with your own basic programming, no matter whether the library is for hardware IO, interfacing to a database etc. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Where is 'palindrome' defined?
On Sun, 31 May 2015 21:46:31 -0700, fl wrote: def palindrome(num): Note carefully the spelling(1): palindrome parlindrome(a) Note carefully the spelling(2): parlindrome NameError: name 'parlindrome' is not defined Compare carefully spelling(1) and spelling(2). palindrome is defined, pa_r_lindrome is not defined. The computer is not psychic yet, so it doesn't know that when you wrote pa_r_lindrome you meant palindrome, you have to spell it the same way every time for the computer to recognise that you mean the same name. Now you also know that the error message: NameError: name 'something' is not defined means that you might have spelled something differently on the line in the error message to the word you meant, so next time you see this error message you know to carefully check the spellings of function names and variables. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What use for reversed()?
On Sun, 31 May 2015 12:40:19 -0700, fl wrote: Hi, I have a string b='1234'. I run: br=reversed(b) I hope that I can print out '4321' by: for br in b but it complains: SyntaxError: invalid syntax My questions: 1. What use for reversed(). I do not find an example on web. 2. If reversed() is wrong the my purpose, what method can do it? i.e. '4321' out. reversed returns an iterator, not a list, so it returns the reversed list of elements one at a time. You can use list() or create a list from reversed and then join the result: $ python Python 2.7.3 (default, Dec 18 2014, 19:10:20) [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. .join(list(reversed(fred))) 'derf' .join([x for x in reversed(fred)]) 'derf' So reversed can do it, but needs a little help -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
