of the source code to native C DLLs using Cython.
If you are very paranoid about protecting your sources, perhaps you shouldn't
distribute it at all, but provide a web application?
Sturla
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you
> control.
Indeed :)
Sturla
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wrote:
> Second and most important question: When I run this code it sometimes
> segementation faults, and sometimes some threads run normal and some
> other threads says "Cannot call 'do_multiply'". Sometimes I get the
> message: Fatal Python error: GC object already tracked. And some times it
>
Sam wrote:
> is it able to utilize functions written in Python in Matlab?
Yes, if you embed the Python interpreter in a MEX-file.
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Sam Adams wrote:
> Thanks Sturla, could you please explain in more details, I am new to Python :)
All the information you need to extend or embed Python is in the docs.
Apart from that, why do you need Matlab? A distro like Enthought Canopy or
Anaconda has all the tools you will ever need
Rustom Mody wrote:
> What Sturla is probably saying is that the matmab-python imp-mismatch is
> so high that jumping across is almost certainly not worth the trouble.
I am saying that the abundance of Python packages for numerical and
scientific computing (NumPy et al.) and their qual
Wesley wrote:
> [Wesley] This is not homework:-)
> And actually I am new to algorithm, so you guys can feel free to say anything
> you want
In general, we cannot sort a sequence in O(n) time. O(n log n) is the lower
bound on the complexity.
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be done in O(n) time and O(1) memory using a generator,
which by the way is what itertools.izip does.
Sturla
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Grant Edwards wrote:
> According to
> http://www.theregister.co.uk/2014/11/06/hackers_use_gmail_drafts_as_dead_drops_to_control_malware_bots:
>
> "Attacks occur in two phases. Hackers first infect a targeted
>machine via simple malware that installs Python onto the device,
>[...]"
>
Abdul Abdul wrote:
> Wxy**2
>
> What do ** mean here?
Exponentiation. Same as ** means in Fortran.
Sturla
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ould raise IntimidationError if evaluates to false false.
If evaluates to true it should just return .
Sturla
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Dennis Lee Bieber wrote:
>> foo == 42 or else
>>
>
> Has a PERL stink to it... like: foo == 42 or die
I think this statement needs to take ellipsis as well
foo == 42 or else ...
Sturls
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Cython is nearly always the answer to scientific computing in Python,
including wrapping C++.
Sturla
Michael Kreim wrote:
> Hi,
>
> we are working on a small scientific program that helps us in developing
> and testing of new numerical methods for a certain type of biochemical
&
oathed Fortran 66 and 77
languages. Fortran is a high-level language particularly suited for
numerical computing, C is a semi-portable high-level assembler.
Sturla
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Albert-Jan Roskam wrote:
> Interesting, but it is not clear to me when you would use jitpy instead
> of pypy. Too bad pypy alone was not included in the benchmarks (cython
> would have also been nice).
And Numba can JIT compile this far better than PyPy and jitpy.
Sturla
On 05/12/14 23:17, wesleiram...@gmail.com wrote:
m'giu vous êtès nom souris, pseudo nom cha'rs out oiu êtès, i'ret egop c'hâse
I have not idea what that means, but I am sure it would be interesting
if I knew French (or whatever it is).
Sturla
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file. Another nice way to get the database in a file is to run it in an
Oracle VirtualBox VM.
SQLite also allows multiple connections, by the way, but it does not scale
very well.
Regards,
Sturla
Charles Hixson wrote:
> In order to allow multiple processes to access a database (curren
On 20/01/15 01:49, Dan Stromberg wrote:
I think probably the most common need for a tree is implementing a
cache,
That is probably true, at least if you're a squirrel.
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't typehint. And then there will be complaint about lack of such
packages.
And in 5 years every textbook read by new Python programmers will require
type hinting as a "best practice".
Forget about compatibility with Python 2.
People will upgrade from Python 2 to Swift.
And then g
Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
> I think the SATAN is in the optional type declarations, not in the
> particular syntax chosen.
Yes.
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Skip Montanaro wrote:
> FUD? What evidence do you have that this will be the way things shake out?
I don't underestimate the stupidity of those who are not writing the code
themselves.
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Chris Angelico wrote:
> Uhh... if your managers and customers are stipulating non-Pythonic
> coding styles, then it's time to find new managers/customers. If
> they're not writing the code, code quality shouldn't be their concern.
I am saying the day someone requires me to write a type hint, I w
Mark Lawrence wrote:
> If they're too stupid to know the
> meaning of the word "hint" that's their problem.
It will also be Python's problem, because people are that stupid.
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they will do is pick up "buzzwords" from the kind of journals that
project managers read. And then they want that buzzword implemented.
Sturla
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On 22/01/15 20:43, Skip Montanaro wrote:
The way you couched your opinion as a certainty, as if you could see the
future,
How do you know I cannot?
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the drain.
Speed? No ... still 200x slower than Swift.
Why go for Python? There is no benefit to it any longer.
Sturla
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On 22/01/15 23:08, Ian Kelly wrote:
T = TypeVar('T')
def adder(a: T, b: T) -> T:
return a + b
I'm not thrilled about having to actually declare T in this sort of
situation, but I don't have a better proposal.
Here is a better proposal:
def adder(a, b):
fail. Then Python will be like Smalltalk.
Sturla
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is not a bug in NumPy or in
Accelerate Framework, it is a bug in multiprocessing because it assumes
that BLAS is fork safe. The correct way of doing this is to start processes
with spawn (fork + exec), which multiprocessing does on Python 3.4.
Sturla
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Andres Riancho wrote:
> Spawn, and I took that from the multiprocessing 3 documentation, will
> create a new process without using fork().
> This means that no memory
> is shared between the MainProcess and the spawn'ed sub-process created
> by multiprocessing.
If you memory map a segment with
bar = Foo()
in Python. It actually corresponds to
with Foo() as bar:
Sturla
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Michael Torrie wrote:
> Yes I can tell you haven't used C++. Compared to C, I've always found
> memory management in C++ to be quite a lot easier. The main reason is
> that C++ guarantees objects will be destroyed when going out of scope.
> So when designing a class, you put any allocation rout
On 30/01/15 23:25, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
Sturla Molden :
Only a handful of POSIX functions are required to be "fork safe", i.e.
callable on each side of a fork without an exec.
That is a pretty surprising statement. Forking without an exec is a
routine way to do multiproc
or solving a particular
problem (multidimensional integrals that are not analytically tractable),
not something you would use for any kind of Monte Carlo simulation.
Sturla
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On 12/02/15 15:39, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
I write both Py2 and Py3 code, but I keep the two worlds hermetically
separated from each other.
In SciPy world we run the same code on Python 2 and Python 3.
Sturla
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TimSort.
Sturla
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ch [1]; if you're sorting
strings, they'll be 90 bytes each, so the integers are our best bet.
So add another *five* powers of two to the RAM requirements.
In that case you also need to add the PyObject_HEAD overhead for each
object. ;-)
Sturla
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about that. It is more the hype this gets that indicates
TimSort is already broken today, and even on your cell phone.
Sturla
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On 25/02/15 18:22, Mario Figueiredo wrote:
And also presented a solution.
Which also was incorrect :-D
But now Benjamin Peterson has finally fixed it, it appears:
http://bugs.python.org/issue23515
Sturla
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stance().start()
This single line of code says more than thousand words. But it boils down
to:
(1) This was written by some Java guys.
(2) Someone used Python to write Java.
And that's all I need to know about Tornado.
Sturla
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work? You will find epoll and kqueue/kevent in the select
module and iocp in pywin32.
Sturla
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probably knows this better
than me :)
Another thing is that there is no IOCP support on Solaris, AIX and z/OS
using Tulip, only Windows. But Windows is not the only OS with IOCP. I'd
prefer that over /dev/poll any day (does Tulip use /dev/poll by the way?)
Sturla
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ft out of the project.
Sturla
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the details about my usecase.
I am more concerned that multiple frameworks have their own event loops.
Sturla
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tion. At least on iOS,
the user cannot change what you put in an App bundle. This excludes
wxPython and PySide. Thus, the only viable cross-platform choices are
commercial PyQt + commercial Qt or tkinter. In case of iOS, PyObjC is also
an option. py2app will also be useful for creating App bundles o
olution to LGPL
infestation is not possible on iOS, even if it were sufficient.
MPL is basically a version og LGPL that has removed the requirement to make
relinkage possible. That is e.g. why a library like Eigen is released as
MPL instead of LGPL.
Sturla
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Roy Smith wrote:
> Please tell us more about the environment you're working in. I'm
> guessing from the fact that you're calling plt.plot(), that you've
> already got some add-on modules loaded. Pandas, maybe?
Probably matplotlib.pyplot
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latforms are:
Windows XP/Vista/7/8
Mac OS X 10.5+
Linux 2.6+
iOS 5.1.1+
Android 2.3.3+
libSDL can be used from Python using ctypes or Cython.
There is no GUI, but you can draw whatever you like.
Sturla
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Wolfgang Keller wrote:
> Judging from the example screenshots on their website, Kivy might be
> adequate.
Kivy depends on PyGame which is GPL, and can only be used to build GPL
software.
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C, C++, Objective-C and Objective-C++.
Sturla
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it. See the
licence for full details."
But as pointed out, it seems to be a typo.
Sturla
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Wesley wrote:
> Anyone knows open source streaming media server written by Python?
>
> I am trying to setup a streaming media server in python, wanna find an
> existing one and have a look.
Not open source, but there is a famous closed-source one called YouTube.
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HDF5 (PyTables
or h5py) might be a better database than some SQL server, as it is capable
of highly scalable parallel binary i/o.
Sturla
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per-client-approach
My personal feeling is that asynchronous i/o is mostly useful on 32-bit
systems, and the problem it actually solves is the limited virtual address
space. On a 64 bit system we can just throw more RAM at it and threads be
fine.
Sturla
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tion needs.
The problem here is the belief that "thread-safety cannot be abstracted
out". It can. The solution is to share nothing and send messages through
queues. If you start to use mutexes and conditions all over your code, you
might shoot yourself in the foot, eventually.
Sturla
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ds for parallel i/o on 8, 16 or 32 bit
systems – nor on 64 bit systems without sufficient RAM. But I do advocate
is that buying RAM is cheaper than buying developer time.
Sturla
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ith 64 bit that is
finally possible. (It isn't always possible with 32 bit, so that is a
different story.)
Sturla
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ad Item2, which it
> needs to compute Result1.
>
> Sounds like a deadlock to me.
As it turns out, if you try hard enough, you can always construct a race
condition, deadlock or a livelock. If you need to guard against it, there
is paradigms like BSP, but not everything fits in. a BSP
onsive i/o operation. But that does not mean we need an
asynchronous event-driven server. (Actually we can time-out blocking i/o
with threads, but it involves using two threads per connection instead of
one.)
Sturla
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volved in sending it. Unix domain sockets and
Windows named pipes are close to a memcpy in performance, with very little
overhead. Pickle on the other hand is "very slow". Serialization is hard ot
get around if we use processes for multi-core CPUs, but in a pure
multithread design it is no
Paul Rubin wrote:
> Sturla Molden writes:
>> When should we use C++ or Fortran instead of Python? Ever?
>
> When performance matters?
Sometimes, but usually performance only matters in certain types of
calculations like matrix algebra or FFTs. But we always use specialized
lib
, so this is
no longer a major issue.
Unix maybe, but what about Windows? Is it efficient to create
processes under Windows?
Processes are very heavy-weight on Windows.
Sturla
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Running a configure script used to take forever, but thankfully
computers are getting faster.
Sturla
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y if you don't
have enough RAM or use a 32 bit system.
2. Earlier Linux kernels did not perform well if they had to schedule
10,000 threads.
3. It is nice to be able to abort a read or write that hangs (for whatever
reason). Killing a thread with pthread_cancel or TerminateThread is not
recommen
Sturla Molden wrote:
> 3. It is nice to be able to abort a read or write that hangs (for whatever
> reason). Killing a thread with pthread_cancel or TerminateThread is not
> recommended.
While "graceful timeout" is easy to do on Unix, using fcntl.fcntl or
signal.alarm, on
great for creating
responsive user interfaces and running multimedia.
Sturla
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each state, which timers are running.
>
> * In each state, check that you handle all possible events and
>timeouts. The state/transition matrix will be quite sizable even for
>seemingly simple tasks.
And exactly how is getting all of this correct any easier than just using
thread
re to evil.
When a man like David Beazley says this
https://twitter.com/dabeaz/status/440214755764994048
there is something crazy going on.
Sturla
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On 11/04/14 01:51, Sturla Molden wrote:
I have an issue with the use of coroutines. I think they are to evil.
When a man like David Beazley says this
https://twitter.com/dabeaz/status/440214755764994048
there is something crazy going on.
And why did Python get this Tulip beast, instead
least if the threat is other companies out to make money. Dropbox is an
example.
Sturla
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Any of these measures can be circumvented, though. But it is hardly easier
to read than compiled C++.
Sturla
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eneral, Cython is not useful as an obfuscation tool.
Sturla
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man mind.
A class with a couple of queues for input and output is far easier to
comprehend.
Sturla
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e code?
Sturla
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wrote:
>> It's worth noting, as an aside, that this does NOT mean you don't
>> produce or sell anything. You can keep your code secure by running it
>> on a server and permitting users to access it; that's perfectly safe.
>>
> Perfectly? :-)
Unless y
alister wrote:
> Concentrate on making the product (even) better rather than trying to
> hide the unhideable.
I think the number one reason for code obfuscation is an ignorant boss.
Another reason might be to avoid the shame of showing crappy code to the
customer.
Sturla
--
adly discount customers or pay anyone who help to improve my software.
Open Source does not mean that software has to be free, that copyright is
lost, or that copyleft is implied.
Sturla
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e being
> charged for it?!?
You can also add fear of patent trolls to this list. Particularly if you
are in a startup and cannot afford a long battle in court. You can quickly
go bankrupt on attorney fees.
Sturla
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your code to generate bogus "legal documents" in
the thousands, and thereby turn up your legal expenses.
Sturla
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a 32 bit int as indexer without
rolling over to long.
This is obviously way beyond anything the 2 GB limit on 32 bit Python
allows.
Sturla
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cientific
computing. But there is no law that says you need to use either. You can
have the best of both world's if you like.
Sturla
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On 12/05/14 15:42, Sturla Molden wrote:
- A one-dimensional NumPy array with dtype np.float64 can keep 16 GB of
data before a 32 bit index is too small and Python starts to use long. A
two-dimensional NumPy array with dtype np.float64 can keep 256 GB of
data before a 32 bit index is too small
en on Windows. The difference between
32 bit and 64 bit Python is what you would expect: The size of a C
pointer is 64 bits, and the virtual address space is much larger (in
general not 2**63-1 bytes, but some OS dependent value).
Sturla
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n mistake, I guess, was to assume that sys.maxint is the
biggest integer value Python 2.x can use.
Sturla
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or most of their work.
If you are worried about the GIL you can always use processes
(multiprocessing, subprocess, or os.fork) instead of threads.
Sturla
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Numba is still a bit
immature, though, compared to e.g. Cython.
Sturla
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are slow these
days. And I guess Swift makes my 3g connection faster.
It's ok to use in iOS apps. That would be it, I guess.
Sturla
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rd with random mix of features.
Unfortunately they retained the curly brackets from JS...
Are Python apps still banned from AppStore, even if we bundle an
interpreter? If not, I see no reason to use Swift instead of Python and
PyObjC – perhaps with some Cython if there is "need for speed".
Stur
On 04/06/14 01:39, Kevin Walzer wrote:
On 6/3/14, 4:43 PM, Sturla Molden wrote:
Are Python apps still banned from AppStore, even if we bundle an
interpreter?
Python apps are not banned from the App Store. See
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/quickwho/id419483981?mt=12.
Mac AppStore yes, iOS
If you are doing SVM regression with scikit-learn you are using libSVM.
There is a CUDA accelerated version of this C library here:
http://mklab.iti.gr/project/GPU-LIBSVM
You can presumably reuse the wrapping code from scikit-learn.
Sturla
John Ladasky wrote:
> I've been working with
Python the easiest solution is to use Numba Pro.
Sturla
Jason Swails wrote:
> On Thu, 2015-02-26 at 14:02 +1100, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
>> John Ladasky wrote:
>>
>>
>>> What I would REALLY like to do is to take advantage of my GPU.
>>
>> I can'
On 26/02/15 18:34, John Ladasky wrote:
Hi Sturla, I recognize your name from the scikit-learn mailing list.
If you look a few posts above yours in this thread, I am aware of gpu-libsvm.
I don't know if I'm up to the task of reusing the scikit-learn wrapping code,
but I am g
On 26/02/15 18:48, Jason Swails wrote:
On Thu, 2015-02-26 at 16:53 +, Sturla Molden wrote:
GPU computing is great if you have the following:
1. Your data structures are arrays floating point numbers.
It actually works equally great, if not better, for integers.
Right, but not
hine produced one code that only Alan Turing could break,
it means all the other codes could be broken by someone else.
What if I say "this file contains a long Fortran code"? Or what if I say
"this file contains one long Fortran code"? There is a subtile difference
in meaning here.
Sturla
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Mark Lawrence wrote:
>> I can assure you that in a veterinary sence, Yersey cows will produce a
>> milk with higher fat content.
>
> Yersey?
Eh, Jersey.
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Ian Kelly wrote:
> As long as there's not *also* some other external process that needs
> to access the file occasionally. :-)
Then there is multiprocessing.Lock :)
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, then when it does
> what you want tack on whatever you need to make 2.7 happy. I find it
> easier to do things that way, though you may find that the only thing
> you have to adjust is the imports.
This is a good advice.
And yes, it is easier than most would think.
Sturla
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Serge Christian Ibala wrote:
> Or what is the recommendation of Python for image processing?
Basic setup everyone should have:
Python
NumPy
SciPy (e.g. scipy.ndimage)
Cython
C and C++ compiler
matplotlib
scikit-image
scikit-learn
pillow
Also consider:
mahotas
tifffile (by Christoph Gohlke)
Ope
이현상 wrote:
> Hi.Please note that do not speak english well.
> Do you know Python 2 vs Python3 MultiProcessing the difference
> ?Multiprocessing is better performance?
The main difference is that multiprocessing on Python 3.4 (and later) will
allow you to use APIs that are not "forksafe" on Linux
ere as well, not to mention
embedding Python and using subinterpreters.
Sturla
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