ry need is for the database which gives
the distance information in one form or another. What were
you proposing to use for this? As far as I know, R has no
database relevant to street addresses!
Best wishes,
Ted.
--
]
>
> __
> R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
-
ens, help.search("string") will not help!
Best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 05-Sep-07
oor(x))==0)
would do it (covers negative integers as well), though there may
well be a smarter way.
Best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date
work, since it requires
evaluation of sqrt(-h/2).
Hovever, other comparisons with your definition are possible:
numerical.derivative(sin,pi/3)-0.5
##[1] -4.33021e-05
num.deriv(sin,pi/3)-0.5
##[1] -2.083339e-08
Best wishes,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-e
, from my occasional browsings of these texts, I suspect
it has already been done and is widely used.
Best wishes to all,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-e
>>> Mathematica, I have:
>>>
>>> "Gamma[a, z] is the incomplete gamma function."
>>>
>>> In[16]: Gamma[9,11.1]
>>> Out[16]: 9000.5
>>>
>>> Trying the same in R, I get
>>>
>>>> Igamma(9,11.1
with the assistance of software (but only using the software
in the direction Data --> CLs).
However, there does exist software which is capable of learning
people's behavioural criteria, and reacting according to their
estimated needs, so probably Thomas's speculation is not beyond
reach.
---------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 29-Aug-07 Time: 19:02:32
-- XFMail --
___
/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 28-Aug-07
;core", but not
of other packages).
With thanks,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 23-Aug-07 Time: 19:37:30
-
y*Y + error
so the "terms in the model" are B , C , X , Y -- i.e. the same
as before but with the term "1" removed, which is what is effected
by adding the term "-1" to the model formula.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
--
"as.matrix" explanation to the "matrix" explanation;
though in fact that is irrelevant, since e.g. "byrow=TRUE" has
no effect in matrix() -- so in fact there is no specification
in ?matrix as to whether to expect a row or column result).
Just a few thoughts. As I say w
2. Suppose they are available as separate vectors Col1 and Col2:
as.vector(rbind(Col1,Col2))
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Best wishes,
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
D
-------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 16-Aug-07 Time: 09:37:28
-- XFMail --
_
that case, I hope Chuck's suggestion works!
Best wishes,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 16-Aug-07 Time: 00:10:33
--
e to give.
>
> cheers,
>
> Rolf Turner
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 15-Aug-07 Time: 23:17:48
--
On 15-Aug-07 18:17:27, Greg Snow wrote:
>
>
>
> Ted Harding wrote:
> [snip]
>
>> So you if you want the density plot, you would need to calculate
>> this for yourself. E.g.
>>
>> H1$density <- counts/sum(counts)
&g
f covariates on the outcome Y (the
counts of events). In real life I'm considering other data where
the "theta" effect is more marked, and probably more important.
Which finally leads on to my
QUERY: Is there anything implement{ed|able} in R which can address
the issue that theta may var
or it with your
program which bins the data. All you need to do in R is to get
these results into the right place in R.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTEC
e you can, in fact, set the "prob=TRUE" condition in the
plot by setting "freq=FALSE" in t call to plot.histogram().
But then it will look at "$density" for the values to plot.
So you if you want the density plot, you would need to calculate
this for yourself. E.g.
H1$d
lm0 <- lm(d - s0*t ~ 1),
compared with
lm1<- lm(d- s0*t ~ t)
for instance.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
----
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 14-Aug-0
]10010
Does this work OK for your big matrix?
HTH
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 10-Aug-07 Time: 19:50:37
-- XFMail
thoughts (if they're any good);
b) Spreadsheets readily induce the naive (especially beginning)
user into the habit of trusting that the writers of spreadsheet
software have thought through all those nasty implementation
technicalities and have created an "expert system" which
Please excuse this -- I need to test whether I can get through to R-help!
(Have failed repeatedly today).
Ted.
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org
anks, Sven
>>
>> __
>> R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
>> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducibl
the
density function (corresponding to "df") from Excel, then
that's not something I know how to do (nor want to know ... ).
Best wishes,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
F
oblem is that in the string "^b[2]$" the element b[2] of b
is not evaluated, but simply the successive characters ^ b [ 2 ] $
are passed to grep as a character string, which of course is not
found. You can construct a character string with the value of b[2]
in it by using paste():
grep(pa
/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 0
60 ***
Residuals 196 0.46922 0.00239
so you get the same P-value, though with anova() you do not see
the actual estimate of the difference between the slopes.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
--
ve in mind. I envisage that in complex plots produced by R,
such as the above xyplot, one can obtain the generic information
on needs by
XY<-xyplot()
str(XY)
then extracting XY$whatever, and wrapping this stuff in 'pic' code.
Looking
sults back into a factor:
> y <- factor(3 - as.integer(x))
> y
[1] 2 2 2 1 1 1
Levels: 1 2
So, even for factors, the insight undelying our suggestion of "-"
is still valid! :)
Best wishes,
Ted.
--
not matter, but it is something to think about
when choosing a rounding method.
> [...]
Best wishes to all,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094
gt;
> __
> R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide
regards,
>> Tom.
>>
>> Tom Willems
>> CODA-CERVA-VAR
>> Department of Virology
>> Epizootic Diseases Section
>> Groeselenberg 99
>> B-1180 Ukkel
>>
>> Tel.: +32 2 3790522
>> Fax: +32 2 3790666
>> E-mail:
ines there are in the first 33 with
> sum(cbind(readLines("~/00_junk/temp.tr", 33))=="")
and then choose how many lines to skip.
Best wishes,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTEC
ich will also work for files with hundreds, thousands, ... of
lines, since the units digit is at position 7).
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
F
lower.tail = FALSE)
>
> which is the two-sided t-test tail area.
>
> The teller of the parable will usually leave some things unexplained...
>
> Bill.
However: "Those who have ears to hear, let them hear!"
Ted.
-------------
t with (in this case 57) NAs,
which you will then have to clean up; which you can do, but by
the time you've done it you might as well have done it the above
way!
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
dent N(0,1)s, divided by sqrt(2), the result is
also N(0,1)).
However, whether this is reallyu seful for you depends on
what you want the elements of A to be!
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PR
7;s
best of they're identical (same screen resolution e.g. 1024x768,
same colour depths on all screens, ... ). Otherwise it's liable
to not establish the necessary connections, and only some
machines can join in.
However, in a computing lab environment, it may well be that
all machines are
ty
of which you are only going to need 0.01% at any one time.
The Unix utilities have been ported to Windows, long since, but
I have no experience of using them in that environment. Others,
who have, can advise! But I'd seriously suggest getting hold of them.
Hoping this
will probably get extra value from the R list
is that many of our people will have extensive and very
professional experience, not only with R, but with many of
the other available packages, and be best placed to provide
serious and thoughtful comparisons.
Best wishes,
Ted.
---
quot;. But of course
you need to be confident that "exponential" is the right curve
to be fitting in the first place. If it's the wrong type of
curve to be considering, then it's not "the right way to do it"!
Hoping this help[s,
Ted.
E-Mai
er".
If you're using Windows, then unfortunately I haven't a clue.
Best wishes,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
much.
>> >
>> >
>>
>
>
>
> --
> With Kind Regards,
>
> oooO:
> (..):
>:\.(:::Oooo::
>::\_)::(..)::
>:::)./:::
>::(_/
>:
> [***
terpreter and fail to recognise the picture
(as you have just proved).
If you want to create JPEG files in a similar way, use the
jpeg() function -- read ?jpeg for details.
Best wishes,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECT
Now this is a "table" structure, and also gives counts of
occurrences and not merely presence/absence. So we need to
get these out as a matrix.
U<-as.matrix(T)
U
species
samples a b c d
1 0 1 0 1
2 0 3 2 2
labels=Ach[i],pos=4)}
for(i in (1:5)){text(x=7.875,y=(-1-i),labels=Bch[i],pos=4)}
You could augment this with grid lines, etc. according to taste.
Best wishes,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-e
hermore (most important) you yourself can see exactly what
will happen and will be much less likely to make a mistake.
So write your condition in your code *explicitly* as
ConditionA & (ConditionB | ConditionC)
You can see what's happening, and R will do exactly
___
> R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, repro
iling list
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
-
t; How would I code this (assuming the actual dataset is more complex)?
For your example:
> tbl<-table(known,modelout)
> tbl
modelout
knownblue red yellow
blue 22 0
red12 0
yellow 10 2
> dim(tbl)
[1] 3 3
> for(i in (1:dim(tb
gt;>
>>> Duncan Murdoch
>>>
>>>
>
>
> --
> Stéphane DRAY ([EMAIL PROTECTED] )
> Laboratoire BBE-CNRS-UMR-5558, Univ. C. Bernard - Lyon I
> 43, Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
> Tel: 33 4 72 43 27 57 Fax: 33 4 72 43 13 88
> http://biomserv.univ-lyon1.fr/~dray/
&g
oid splitting the subject into separate tokens).
See ?sink for how to use the sink() command.
Then 'ted' duly received an email with contents:
===
Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2007 17:10:44 +0100
From: Ted Harding <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: [EMAIL
e can be life in old dogs, and even strong teeth in some.
Ted.
[emailing from SuSE-5.2 (1997), logged in from Red Hat 9 (2003)]
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 11-Jul-07
stribution of the data, then the
best procedure may simply be to ignore the missing data.
Best wishes,
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 09-Ju
ge to obtain what I need?
Try
rinfo2 <- (lm(pression~temp-1, data=rebe))
Ted.
----
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 08-Jul-07 Time: 02:18:24
-- XF
is 10.
> Can you help me to calculate or give me some detalied explain about
> the concept of the index?
See above! I hope it helps.
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870
On 07-Jul-07 10:34:03, Uwe Ligges wrote:
> Alberto Monteiro wrote:
>> Ted Harding wrote:
>>> So I slickly wrote a recursive definition:
>>>
>>> Nnk<-function(n,k){
>>> if(n==1) {return(k)} else {
>>> R<-0;
>>> fo
On the old recursive definition, the computation might have
outlasted the Universe.
ON THAT BASIS: I hereby claim the all-time record for inefficient
programming in R.
Challengers are invited to strut their stuff ...
Best wishes to all, and happy end of week,
Ted.
----------
ve specified otherwise in factor()) the values
will correspond to the elements of Cat in "natural" order, in this
case first "a" (-> 1), then "b" (-> 2).
E.g.
> Cat2<-c("a","a","c","b","a","b"
s with these names.
So you can assign the data for VA directly to 'v' with:
v<-data$VA
or (if you think you will need it later) create a variable VA
using
VA<-data$VA
and, if you want a variable called 'v' as well, then:
v<-VA
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
--
er than both real and complex parts, and being led to think
that the largest real part corresponds to the largest eigenvalue.
As has been clearly pointed out, this is not the way to look at it!
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) &l
On 29-Jun-07 13:23:05, Ted Harding wrote:
> [Sorry -- a silly typo in my previous]:
> If A is not symmetric, you have "left" eigenvectors:
>
> x'*A = lambda*x'
>
> and "right" eigenvectors:
>
> A*x = lambda*x
>
> and the "
my lit search I am not finding an explanation for why this works, so
> I am seeking R-help since there may be a computational rationale that
> can be explained by users (or authors) of the function. In my
> experimentation with some computations it seems that the latter
> approach is more
On 18-Jun-07 20:27:56, Patrick Connolly wrote:
> On Mon, 18-Jun-2007 at 11:53AM +0100, Ted Harding wrote:
>
>|> On 18-Jun-07 10:11:43, Patrick Connolly wrote:
>|> > I installed R from the tar.gz file (as root) in a directory under
>|> > /usr/local. The recommend
17) = 429KB
Hence I wonder whether the space first occupied by MASS (2.2MB)
apart from mvrnorm gets freed up at all?
Thanks for the comments.
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PR
attempt.
Best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 18-Jun-07 Time: 17:46:01
-
on OK)
or "by reference" (deletion would destroy the exported object).
Apologies, but for instance "?local" is a bit too deep for me!
The underlying agenda behind these queries is the saving of
memory space.
With theanks,
Ted.
-
ives in the user's home
directory.
Does this help? Or are there issues you haven't mentioned which make
such an approach not feasible?
Best wishes,
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[
rnal of the Anthropological
> Institute 15 : 246-63, 1886.
>
> http://galton.org/essays/1880-1889/galton-1886-jaigi-regression-stature.
> pdf
>
>:-)
>
> Regards,
>
> Marc
Indeed! My reason for referencing it that way was to indicate
obliquely that we've move
kind of context (e.g. I have some screenshots of old maps
which I want to digitise ... ).
Best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 16-Jun-07
x27;re regressing
But not to mediocrity! [1]
Ted.
[1] Practical Regression and Anova using R
Julian J. Faraway (July 2002), page 15.
http://cran.r-project.org/doc/contrib/Faraway-PRA.pdf
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL
Z. First there was S, then there was R.
And, furthermore, A is further from R than Z is, which seems fitting.
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 15-Jun-07
in a sub-window, which is much easier to cope
with; and you also get a "rubber-band" rectangle which enables
you to readily align points here with points there -- e.g. if
you want to read off a curve the y-value corresponding to say
x=5.0.
However, this is at least a partial answer to my own q
On 15-Jun-07 16:29:53, Ted Harding wrote:
> [...]
> However, as a follow-up, I've since found that one can (somewhat
> tediously) do what I was asking with the GIMP.
As well as the awkwardness of doing it the GIMP way, I've
discovered another disadvantage.
I'd previou
of the documentation has not revealed anything);
b) Of any alternative to 'gv' as PS viewer which would
provide this capability?
With thanks, and best wishes to all,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding)
synergy.com/toc/sign/4/2
but unfortunately you can only read any of it by paying
money to Blackwell (unless you're an RSS member).
Best wishes to all,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)87
On 14-Jun-07 07:26:26, Moshe Olshansky wrote:
> Is there a convenient way to respond to a particular
> posting which is a part of the digest?
> I mean something that will automatically quote the
> original message, subject, etc.
>
> Thank you!
>
> Moshe Olshansky
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
This will
What I did find didn't amount to much.
Best wishes,
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 13-Jun-07
as you please, and then continue as above.
Best wishes,
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 13-Jun-07 Time: 00:35:59
-- XFMail --
__
combinations is much smaller (say at most 1/5)
of the number of cases in your data.
In summary: you have to many explanatory variables.
Best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROT
On the other hand, a simple brush with awk (or sed in
this case) can sort it once and for all, without waking
the sleeping dogs in R.
I could go on. R undoubtedly has the power, but it can very
quickly get over-complicated for simple jobs.
Best wishes to all,
Ted.
-
On 10-Jun-07 14:04:44, Sarah Goslee wrote:
> On 6/10/07, Ted Harding <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>> ... a lot of the problems with data
>> files arise at the data gathering and entry stages, where people
>> can behave as if stuffing unpaired socks and unattribute
many of us in practice, a lot of the problems with data
files arise at the data gathering and entry stages, where people
can behave as if stuffing unpaired socks and unattributed underwear
randomly into a drawer, and then banging it shut).
Best wishes to all,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EM
, utilities like awk can be used far more
fruitfully on operating systems (the unixoid family) which
incorporate at ground level the infrastructure for "plumbing"
together streams of data output from different programs.
Ted.
--
ackage.
What is the role of the "other variable"?
Best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 06-Jun-07
p me I would greatly appreciate your advice and time,
>
> Best Wishes,
>
> Jenny
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 06-Jun-07
ire of spatial point processes that you
can simulate from.
Best wishes,
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 02-Jun-07 Time: 08:33:17
-- XFMail -
quot;, and
the journal is not being reasonable!
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 14-May-07
e are
in effect back to the Fisher Exact Test, whose power is a function
of the odds-ratio alone.
I'm still with Duncan Murdoch, in that what's meant by "power"
in this case depends very much on what you mean by "alternative
hypothesis".
Best wishes to all,
Ted.
--
clocation of related books
(it is acceptable to separate large books from small books
on the same subject, for the sake of efficient packing).
Awaiting comments and suggestions with interest!
With thanks,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (
ble, is is a straightforward hypergeometric distribution,
but 2x3 is not straightforward. Maybe someone has written
a function for this kind of application, and can point it
out to us???
A quick R-site search did not help!
Best wishes,
ted.
-
A%^%2
[,1] [,2]
[1,]0 -1
[2,]13
> A%^%3
[,1] [,2]
[1,]12
[2,] -2 -5
> A%^%100
[,1] [,2]
[1,] -1.353019e+20 -3.542248e+20
[2,] 3.542248e+20 9.273727e+20
Hoping this helps!
Ted.
-
do one, or a few, by hand!
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 06-May-07 Time: 02:57:12
-
83 805
# [1] 271 106 570 621 257 663 399 454 983 805
Best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 03-May-07 Time: 00:56:43
-- XFMail ---
distributed on (0,1),
if rgamma is truncated to (0,tr) them pgamma(rgamma) will be
truncated to (0,pgamma(tr)), and hence uniformly distributed
on this range.
Best wishes,
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL
im)
[1] 999
It may be on the slow side (though not hugely -- on a quite slow
machine the above run was completed in 2min 5sec, while the
999-replicate in your original took 15sec. So about 8 times as long.
Most of this, of course, is taken up with the first round.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
---
arby measuring stations).
Anyway. The Question: is there a general function for the
above kind of smooth curve-drawing?
With thanks,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094
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