[Biofuel] Under the Radar

[Keith Addison]

Under the Radar

With the public focused on the election, a small group of government 
officials and oil executives has been closing in on a deal to open 
one of Alaska's biggest wildlife refuges to oil drilling.


By Justin Scheck

October 28, 2004

The environment has been a virtual non-issue in this year's election 
campaign, with even the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge -- such a hot 
topic in the 2000 race -- off the radar for now. So, with the public 
focused on terrorism, war, taxes and healthcare, a small group of 
government officials and oil executives has seized the moment to 
close in on a deal to open one of Alaska's biggest wildlife refuges 
to oil drilling.


Government scientists, environmentalists, and Native Americans in the 
area say the arrangement -- which has the support of Alaska Sen. Ted 
Stevens and which won preliminary approval last week from the U.S. 
Fish and Wildlife Service -- will be a precedent-setting erosion of 
historic environmental protections of Alaska wildlands, and could 
open the way to widespread oil exploration in the nation's wildest 
places, starting with the 9 million-acre Yukon Flats National 
Wildlife Refuge.


For two decades, the debate over drilling in Alaska has focused on 
the Arctic Refuge. Drilling there would require congressional 
approval and victory over a formidable array of opponents from more 
than a dozen well-organized environmental groups. But Alaska's 16 
other wildlife refuges have no congressional drilling ban; rather, 
they have been protected from new oil activity for 30 years by an 
administrative rule that can be lifted at any time. In recent years, 
oil companies have taken aim at reserves in these other refuges, and 
they seem to have hit their target in Yukon Flats, a swath of 
wetlands and forest that borders the Arctic Refuge's southern 
boundary and that is home to salmon, waterfowl, caribou and moose, 
among other species.


Rushing to complete the deal before election day, a group of Alaska 
politicians, an oil drilling company, and, inexplicably, a prominent 
environmental group are working overtime to trade 100,000 of forested 
foothills in the heart of Yukon Flats to Doyon Ltd., a native-owned 
corporation, in exchange for Doyon-owned wetlands that are not 
threatened with oil development and are currently protected by the 
Clean Water Act.


Doyon, one of 13 native corporations created by Congress in 1971, is 
Alaska's biggest private landowner, and it has an abysmal 
environmental record. The company paid a $1 million fine in 1998 for 
intentionally dumping oil waste at a drilling site in Northern 
Alaska. According to Jim Mery, Doyon's vice president of land and 
natural resources, oil exploration in the refuge will begin upon the 
deal's completion.


Ted Heuer, the manager of Yukon Flats, says the arrangement makes 
sense because the refuge would receive wetland acreage in excess of 
the forest acreage it gives up. The refuge's primary concern is the 
protection of migratory birds, and wetlands have a higher 
conservation value than upland areas.


But Heuer also said that several of his staffers are upset with the 
proposal; they argue that without the land transfer, Doyon would not 
be able to drill at all. There is no known oil or gas in the 
wetlands, and the land has no development value. Designation as 
refuge land would have little real impact, whereas removing 
protections for the forested areas would open now-protected land to 
drilling operations that could harm wildlife and infringe on Beaver 
Creek, a federally designated Wild and Scenic River. But it is the 
precedent the deal would set, rather than the specifics, that really 
upsets the conservation community.


Since the modern Alaska refuge system was created -- along with the 
native corporations, including Doyon -- in 1971, new resource 
extraction has been prohibited. The concern is that, with a structure 
in place for companies to swap land with no oil potential for refuge 
land with fossil fuel reserves, the Yukon Flats deal will set off a 
wave new drilling in areas set aside for preservation.


"Once you do a land exchange that facilitates oil and gas exploration 
within refuge boundaries in one place, you establish a precedent for 
all refuges," said Deborah Williams, a former assistant to U.S. 
Interior Secretary Bruce Babbitt under Bill Clinton, and now the 
director of the Alaska Conservation Foundation, a nonprofit 
environmental organization.


The government of the native village of Fort Yukon has also objected 
to the deal out of concern for the environmental effects of oil 
exploration and drilling on animal stocks it relies on for 
subsistence. "We live in one of the most pristine and 
impact-sensitive areas in the world; any oil development would 
disturb this fragile ecosystem. That is why this area was designated 
as a wildlife refuge -- to protect the environment from any sort of 
major environmental impacts," wrote Adlai Alexand

[Biofuel] Global Warming Has Arrived: Arctic Study

[Keith Addison]

Published on Monday, November 1, 2004 by OneWorld.net

Global Warming Has Arrived: Arctic Study

by Jim Lobe



WASHINGTON - With only eight weeks left before the elves finish their 
work and Santa Claus mounts his sleigh, an eight-nation study on 
global warming co-sponsored by the United States has concluded that 
the North Pole is melting beneath St. Nick.


The 144-page report, which is due to be officially released a week 
after Tuesday's elections, says the accelerated warming of the globe 
- which it blames mostly on the emissions of carbon dioxide and other 
greenhouse gases produced by the industrial age - is transforming the 
Arctic region dramatically.


This undated composite image from NASA shows a fully dark (city 
lights) full disk image centered on the South Pole. Greenhouse gases 
have contributed to a gradual warming of the ecologically-fragile 
Arctic region, causing massive climate changes, including melting 
glaciers and sea ice, according to a soon-to-be-released 
environmental study. (AFP/NASA/File)
The Arctic "is now experience some of the most rapid and severe 
climate change on Earth," according to the report, which was obtained 
by the New York Times and the Washington Post this weekend, 
apparently from European sources that wanted to publicize its 
findings before Tuesday.


The European Union (EU), some of whose member states co-sponsored the 
study, strongly supports the Kyoto Protocol to reduce greenhouse 
emissions, while President George W. Bush has rejected the accord. 
His Democratic challenger, Sen. John Kerry, has called for the U.S. 
to rejoin negotiations on the treaty's terms.


"Over the next 100 years, climate change is expected to accelerate, 
contributing to major physical, ecological, social and economic 
changes, many of which have already begun," the report stated, adding 
that greenhouse gas emissions have clearly become "the dominant 
factor" in the Arctic's changing climate.


The study, whose conclusions were disclosed as the Russian 
government, another co-sponsor, completes its ratification of the 
Protocol this week, was based on the work of nearly 300 scientists, 
as well as elders from native - mainly Inuit communities living in 
the Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia - over the past four 
years.


The governmental sponsors of the study include Canada, Denmark, 
Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, and Sweden, as well as the United 
States.


It confirms earlier studies that the Arctic has warmed and is warming 
at a much faster rate than the Earth as a whole. While the Earth has 
warmed by roughly one degree Fahrenheit over the past century - that 
is, the bulk of the industrial age - temperature increases in the 
Arctic area have been as much as ten times greater.


That warming has produced dramatic, across-the-board effects on both 
the climate and the land. Once solid tundra or permafrost has turned 
ever soggier, while animal, fish, and plant species that have thrived 
in the region for millennia are either moving northward or dying out. 
The report predicted that polar bears, ice-loving seals and 
indigenous people who rely on the two large mammals for food are 
likely to be devastated by the changes, particularly the melting of 
sea ice throughout the Arctic.


"The major message is that climate change is here and now in the 
Arctic," Dr. Robert Corell, a U.S. oceanographer who directed the 
assessment, told the Times.


Not all of these changes are due solely to changes in temperature; 
also cited are a number of other human-caused factors, including 
overfishing, growing human population, and rising levels of 
ultra-violet radiation from the depleted ozone layer, as contributing 
to the change.


"The sum of these factors threatens to overwhelm the adaptive 
capacity of some Arctic populations and ecosystems," according to a 
section of the report quoted by the Times.


But the consequences of what is happening to the Arctic are certain 
to be global in scope, according to Gunnar Palsson, the chairman of 
the Arctic Council, who told the Post the region should be seen as 
"sort of a bellweather" for the rest of the planet. "In order to 
contain these problems, we cannot think in terms of regional 
solutions."


Indeed, the melting of Arctic ice, which is taking place at a 
faster-than-anticipated pace, could have dire consequences on coastal 
areas as a result of the resulting rise in sea levels.


The melting of the two-mile-high icepack on Greenland by itself will 
send sea level as much as 25 feet higher, washing away low-lying 
islands in the South Pacific, the Indian Ocean and the Caribbean and 
heavily populated coastal areas from Bangladesh to New Orleans and 
the Mississippi delta.


Even if the U.S. joins the Kyoto Protocol - which will take legal 
effect 90 days from Moscow's formal ratification -- the results will 
be too little and too late to reverse the changes that are well 
underway in the Arctic because carbon dioxi

Re: off topic flame: Re: [Biofuel] 38 short hours to go

[Keith Addison]

Not wise to be unaware of what types of persons one associates/mingles with.

Anyone who can make such a statement of flasehood shoud be paid 
closer attention to, if only for self-preservation's sake.


Todd Swearingen


Dreamlike oblivion, unbelievable but all too true. Seems to be fairly 
typical, whether or not it's deliberate, or conscious, is another 
matter. As with this:


"One of the fundamental findings of cognitive science is that people 
think in terms of frames and metaphors - conceptual structures. The 
frames are in the synapses of our brains - physically present in the 
form of neural circuitry. When the facts don't fit the frames, the 
frames are kept and the facts ignored." -- George Lakoff


Or this:


The World According to a Bush Voter

By Jim Lobe, AlterNet. Posted October 21, 2004.

A new survey reveals that Bush supporters choose to keep faith in 
their leader than face reality.


Do the supporters of President Bush really know their man or the 
policies of his administration?


Three out of 4 self-described supporters of President George W. Bush 
still believe that pre-war Iraq possessed weapons of mass 
destruction (WMD) or active programs to produce them. According to a 
new survey published Thursday, the same number also believes that 
Iraqi President Saddam Hussein provided "substantial support" to al 
Qaeda.


But here is the truly astonishing part: as many or more Bush 
supporters hold those beliefs today than they did several months 
ago. In other words, more people believe the claims today -- after 
the publication of a series of well-publicized official government 
reports that debunked both notions.


These are among the most striking findings of a survey conducted in 
mid-October by the University of Maryland's Program on International 
Policy Attitudes (PIPA) and Knowledge Networks, a California-based 
polling firm.


[more]
http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/BIOFUEL/40082/

Which doesn't excuse anything much, nor indeed explain much either. 
Especially not ugly, hateful stuff like this (in Ohio):


http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2004/10/30/haters/index.html
By Michelle Goldberg
Oct. 30, 2004  |  COLUMBUS, Ohio

Down with the Kerry haters
Outside the Bush-Arnold rally in Ohio, Republicans railed at 
demonstrators with apocalyptic fury.


... and a poor grasp of fact. Eg, Kerry's daughter is a lesbian, not 
Cheney's. Well, so what if she is? Only that these folks seems to 
think that's as bad as or worse than supporting the KKK.


Yuk.

Well, good luck, all - we ALL need you to have good luck!!!

Regards

Keith



- Original Message - From: "DHAJOGLO" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Tuesday, November 02, 2004 8:54 AM
Subject: off topic flame: Re: [Biofuel] 38 short hours to go


How can anyone vote for a man that has lied, about his war time,and 
clame him self a hero? the man can not tell us what his plane is , 
and his wife is a suporter of the K.K.K. I don not understand how 
people can be so blind. and so narrow minded that they would vote 
for a LIER! as Kerry is.


thank you!


Sticks and Stones!  Or would you prefer, Stick an dStoneses?

oh, and your welcome :)


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Re: [Biofuel] Fw: Biodiesel output to galvanized settling tankw/sitetube

[Keith Addison]

I think Bruce Curry is being overcautious, but you can't blame him 
for that, he has to cover himself. I can assure you though from 
experience that polyester resin will withstand all aspects of 
biodiesel production, including the acid-base process. Also I get the 
idea Mr Curry thinks you're going to use the glass matting too, not 
just the resin.


You do have a good point on how on earth to get it in the tank. I 
didn't realise access was such a problem. You could do it the way you 
suggest if you get the mix right, do tests first as suggested to make 
certain (a) it doesn't start hardening before you're done, and (b) 
that it doesn't not harden at all! Obviously (b) is worse than (a).


Best wishes

Keith


I have lots of information regarding this subject - thanks to everyone's
input

I even have a reply from Bruce Curry from AOC corporation, but  have not yet
replied, since I am on my way out the door and have to do some homework to
get him the answers he requested.  I've posted it below

The tanks were made for hydro at ambient temperature (water tanks)  that
used to hold alkily cleaning chemical for an auto auction and is no longer
used.  I picked them up for my bioprocessor to hopefully aid in containment
of methanol evaporation as well as ease of production.  (The reator is the
Girl Mark fumeless) These three 82 gal tanks are taller then me with only
four 1" openings.  Regarding the correct components from what Keith and what
I've read of what coating to (and run test), still has to be determined.

I'm at odds on how I would coat the inside with just 1" opening (Openings:
1" open at top, two 1" opening midway (site tube) and one 1" at side bottom)
This may not be possible.

My thory of coating would be to pour the solution at the top and rotate the
tank for full coverage.  When full coating is applied, tip the tank (upside
down and let the excess drain from the opening.  let dry for undetermined
amount of time and possible repeat  Time temp. or the density of the
solution questions still have to be answered and this will take some time.


-Kevin

FROM BRUCE:
Will the refurbished tanks need to contain the sodium hydroxide and the
potassium hydroxide and then later be used for biodiesel?  If so, what is
the concentration of the sodium hydroxide and the potassium hydroxide?  What
is the  temperature?  Are there organincs present with the sodium hydroxide
and potassium hydroxide?
Vipel F701 or F764 will handle the biodiesel but they will not be able to
handle the sodium hydroxide or the potassium hydroxide.  Premium corrosion
resistant resins will be needed to contain sodium hydroxide or potassium
hydroxide such as Vipel F010 but I need to know concentrations and
temperatures before this can be confirmed.
Unless you have had fiberglass lay up experience, it is likely that you will
need to have someone come in to laminate for you.  (Unless the NaOH and KOH
concentrations are quite low and the temperature is ambient)  These
chemicals are quite aggressive to FRP and the laminate needs to made with
minimal air bubbles and designed with an ASTM  C 581 corrosion barrier.
What is the roll of the zinc?  Are you dissolving it?What is the
concentration of the zinc?  Is the zinc just metallic zinc?
Bruce Curry
AOC
Corrosion Product Leader
Phone 901-854-2871


- Original Message -
From: "Jonathan Schearer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Tuesday, November 02, 2004 7:36 AM
Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Fw: Biodiesel output to galvanized settling
tankw/sitetube


>
>
> Keith Addison <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi Jonathan
>
> >Kevin, I'm not sure if this relates to what you are doing, but I
> >used the POR-15 that was recommended in the JTF site with great
> >satisfaction. I coated the inside of 2-55 gallon tanks with half a
> >pint. I used the clear paint and it formed a "shell-like" glaze
> >that is solid like a rock. I made sure I read all the precautions
> >on this stuff, use a respirator. High organics. I have not had
> >anything in the tanks as of yet though. Hopefully I can get another
> >stage completed over Thanksgiving. Just a suggestion. Jonathan
> >Schearer.
>
> We'd used POR-15 previously, with great results, but not with
> biodiesel. So before I uploaded the POR-15 link to our site I wrote
> to them and asked about resistance to all things biodiesel, and they
> assured me it was resistant. We haven't used it inside a processor,
> but we have used it for a few other things that have had a lot of
> contact with biodiesel, but washed biodiesel, thus not with the
> processing chemicals. We had one report from someone who used it
> inside a processor and said it started to peel off after awhile,
> which he attributed to heat expansion and contraction, though it
> didn't peel off the rusty bits. I wasn't sure if he'd prepared the
> surface properly, which is really important. So I'm very interested
> to hear how you get along with it. Please let us know.
>
> Regards
>
> Keith
>

Re: [Biofuel] How many forum members does it take?

[Jamie Ballou]

That was priceless! 
 
>>>[EMAIL PROTECTED] 10/19 7:43 pm >>> 
 
How many forum members does it take to change a light bulb? 
 
 
1 to change the light bulb. 
 
1 to post that the light bulb has been changed. 
 
14 to share similar experiences of changing light bulbs and how the 
 
light bulb could have been changed differently. 
 
7 to caution about the dangers of changing light bulbs. 
 
22 to claim light bulbs were cheaper in 1973 after adjusting for
inflation. 
 
5 to blame the Bush administration for allowing the bulb to burn out. 
 
12 to blame the Zionists for stealing their light bulbs. 
 
6 to argue over whether it's lightbulb or light bulb. 
 
2 industry professionals to inform the group that the proper term is 
 
lamp. 
 
15 know-it-alls who claim they were in the industry, and that light 
 
bulb is perfectly correct. 
 
10 to post that this forum is not about light bulbs and to please take 
 
this discussion to a lightbulb forum. 
 
11 to defend the posting to this forum saying that we all use light 
 
bulbs and therefore the posts are relevant to this forum. 
 
6 to debate which method of changing light bulbs is superior, where to 
 
buy the best light bulbs, what brand of light bulbs work best for this 
 
technique and what brands are faulty. 
 
27 to post URLs where one can see examples of different light bulbs. 
 
14 to post that the URLs were posted incorrectly and then post the 
 
corrected URLs. 
 
27 to post about links they found from the URLs that are relevant to 
 
this group which makes light bulbs relevant to this group. 
 
19 to accuse the big light bulb corporations of depleting precious
vacuum 
 
resources. 
 
4 to complain about Spain's new tax on used light bulbs. 
 
3 to claim only the French make the best bulbs, and everything else is
le 
 
crap. 
 
5 Americans to remind the French they are making light bulbs instead of 
 
candles 
 
because the US bailed them out, again. 
 
33 to link all posts to date, quote them in their entirety including all

 
headers and signatures. 
 
5 to post to the group that they will no longer post because they 
 
cannot handle the light bulb controversy. 
 
9 to call light bulbs weapons of mass illumination and to deny Iraq had 
 
any WMI. 
 
2 to say didn't we go through this already a short time ago? 
 
4 to say do a search on 'light bulbs' before posting questions about 
 
light bulbs. 
 
3 to spam the post talking about how light is pretty 
 
7 to ask what kind of lightbulb they should buy. 
 
2 to get in a heated debate about which is better, halogen or
fluorescent. 
 
3 to ask about how to get it to turn on. 
 
4 to post that they are forming a light bulb co-op. 
 
1 to write some long cynical diatribe metaphorically reflecting the 
 
frustration of the whole experience. 
 
and 1 new forum member to respond to the original post 6 months from now

 
and to start it all over again. 
 
--- 
 
Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free. 
 
Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com). 
 
Version: 6.0.775 / Virus Database: 522 - Release Date: 10/8/2004 
 
 
 
Biofuel mailing list 
 
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
 
http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel 
 
 
Biofuel at Journey to Forever: 
 
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html 
 
 
Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): 
 
http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ 
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Re[2]: [Biofuel] New biodiesel processor uploaded

[Gustl Steiner-Zehender]

Hallo Mike, Luc, All,

Tuesday, 02 November, 2004, 11:48:27, you wrote:

MR> Luc
MR> I am very impressed!
MR> You are certainly an inspiration for the rest of us.
MR> Mike

I  am  even  more  impressed  with  Luc's  uncanny ability to pour the
biodiesel into that large funnel with his eyes taped shut.  ;o)

Very nice work brother.

Happy Happy,

Gustl
-- 
Je mehr wir haben, desto mehr fordert Gott von uns.
Mitglied-Team AMIGA
ICQ: 22211253-Gustli

The safest road to Hell is the gradual one - the gentle slope, 
soft underfoot, without sudden turnings, without milestones, 
without signposts.  
C. S. Lewis, "The Screwtape Letters"

Es gibt Wahrheiten, die so sehr auf der Stra§e liegen, 
da§ sie gerade deshalb von der gewšhnlichen Welt nicht 
gesehen oder wenigstens nicht erkannt werden.

Those who dance are considered insane by those who can't
hear the music.  
George Carlin

The best portion of a good man's life -
His little, nameless, unremembered acts of kindness and of love.
William Wordsworth



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Re: [Biofuel] Fwd: Information on Sawdust processing

[NDF]

Namaskar Balaji,
Thank you so much for the very informative reply sent on the sawdust matter.
I will be discussing this with our collegues soon. Any outcome, I will let
you all know.
Ver best wishes,
Upali.

>
> >Hello Keith,
> >
> >- Original Message -
> >From: "Keith Addison" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> >To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> >Sent: Wednesday, October 27, 2004 11:12 AM
> >Subject: [Biofuel] Fwd: Information on Sawdust processing
> >
> >
> > > Greetings all
> > >
> > > I was sent this by an NGO in Sri Lanka. Any advice for them? They're
> > > not list members, but I'll forward any responses.
> >
> > > Thanks!
> >
> > > regards
> > >
> > > Keith
> > >
> > > 
> > >
> > > From: "National Development Foundation" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> > > To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> > > Subject: Information on Sawdust processing
> > > Date: Mon, 25 Oct 2004 23:13:12 +0600
> > >
> > > National Development Foundation
> > >
> > > 63/2, Yahampath Mawatha, Piliyandala Road, Maharagama, Sri Lanka.
> > >
> > > Tele: +(94)-011-5526679 or +(94)-011-5522776 E-mail:
> > > [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > >
> > > Monday, October 25, 2004,
> > >
> > > Journey to Forever Organisation.
> > >
> > > Dear Sir/Madam,
> > >
> > > Ours is a Non-governmental, non-profit making organisation devoted to
> > > development through self-help development programmes. We also
> > > carryout environmental protection programmes with local communities
> > > in Sri Lanka.
> > >
> > > Recently we were informed of a long-standing problem in a suburban
> > > city, due to sawdust. There are large numbers of timber mills,
> > > carpentry workshops and woodwork centers in the area. They produce
> > > tons and tons of saw dust and dump them into the nearby lake
> > > polluting the area. Recently the government has no other alternative,
> > > but found another dumping site and the sawdust is now dumped in this
> > > site spending large sums of money for transportation. For a
> > > developing country like ours this type of spending is unaffordable.
> >
> >Truly a huge waste of a very valuable resource. What an unnecessary,
> >avoidable and costly expense
> >for dumping/disposing of this "waste"! And the pollution.
> >
> > > We have been trying to find a solution to re-cycle and use saw dust.
> > > As we understand, it is possible to make Sawdust Bars - fire logs,
> > > briquettes etc or even insulating boards if properly experimented. We
> > > were also made to understand that there are many organisations,
> > > private sector companies engaged in this business.
> >
> >A good idea would be to convert the saw dust into fuel briquettes using
> >either punch-and-ram or extrusion presses. The briquettes from the former
> >cost less to make while those from the latter retain their structural
> >integrity better over time. The fuel briquettes could be used as fuel in
the
> >local rural economy replacing logged wood/coal/paraffin.
> >
> >We have a large number of briquette manufacturers in India. However,
since
> >densification of biomass (which is what briquetting does) adds only
limited
> >economic value by reducing specific transport cost without adding to the
> >calorific value, they have limited markets in tea/coffee plantations,
where
> >felling of alternative biomass such as trees is banned, to prevent
> >landslides.
> >
> > > We thought of searching for a simple technology that could be
> > > introduced to the low-income generation groups in the area,
> > > especially to the women, who could produce some type of an item to
> > > the market, could be a fire log, a briquette or an item that could be
> > > used in daily life.
> >
> >The saw dust briquettes could be very gainfully converted into high
quality
> >energy such as producer gas to replace fossil fuels, or as electricity.
> >Gasifiers use the briqettes as feedstock, when solid biomass is converted
> >into producer gas viz. a mixture of combustible gases such as H2, CO, CH4
> >and inerts such as CO2 , N2. The producer gas is then cooled, cleaned and
> >used in conventional (compression ignition) diesel generators replacing
> >about 70-80% of the diesel otherwise used in the liquid fuel mode.
> >
> >Alternatively, the gas can be used to generate electricity in the gas
alone
> >mode using spark ignition natural gas engine generators, with special
> >adapation kits to operate on producer gas. In a developing country such
as
> >Sri Lanka with limited fossil fuel resources, the generation cost of
> >electricity would be significantly higher in the dual fuel mode with
> >imported diesel compared to the gas alone mode with locally generated
> >biomass.
> >
> >Such a 100% gas engine based power plant would have a number of
advantages.
> >The electricity required for the briquetting plant could be supplied from
> >the power plant itself, adding to the green dot nature of the plant. The
> >plant can be configured from 20 kWe to 2000 kWe capacity, depending upon
saw
> >dust generation and the loca

Re: [Biofuel] New biodiesel processor uploaded

[Kim Wilde WRDS Co.]

- Original Message - 
From: "Keith Addison" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Tuesday, November 02, 2004 9:16 AM
Subject: [Biofuel] New biodiesel processor uploaded


> Check out Luc's processor - nice work, good on him!
>
> http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor12.html
> Luc's processor-in-a-cabinet - Complete 100-litre water-heater
> processor combo for small spaces
>
> Best wishes
>
> Keith
> __Keith, Am I excited to see the  real working example ! BRAVO Luc !
Thanks for the inspiration ! Kim Wilde
_
> Biofuel mailing list
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel
>
> Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
> http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
>
> Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable):
> http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/

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Re: [Biofuel] New biodiesel processor uploaded

[Michael Redler]

Luc
 
I am very impressed!
 
You are certainly an inspiration for the rest of us.
 
Mike

Keith Addison <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
Check out Luc's processor - nice work, good on him!

http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor12.html
Luc's processor-in-a-cabinet - Complete 100-litre water-heater 
processor combo for small spaces

Best wishes

Keith
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Re[2]: [Biofuel] 38 short hours to go

[Gustl Steiner-Zehender]

Hallo Rick,

Tuesday, 02 November, 2004, 08:36:58, you wrote:

RK> How  can  anyone  vote  for  a  man  that  has lied, about his war
RK> time,and  clame  him self a hero? the man can not tell us what his
RK> plane  is  ,  and  his  wife is a suporter of the K.K.K. I don not
RK> understand  how  people can be so blind. and so narrow minded that
RK> they would vote for a LIER! as Kerry is.
 
RK> thank you!

I don't know you so I have to make some assumptions right off the bat,
but  in making these assumptions I have to give you the benefit of the
doubt.   I  assume you are a good and kind person.  I also assume that
you,  like  all  too many people, do not seek as much true information
about the various political parties and their candidates or even about
the   political   process  itself.It  appears  simple  enough  but
appearances are far from everything.

The  first thing you should know about probably 99 percent of those in
politics  is...they  lie.   They  lie  to  each other, they lie to the
public  and  I can only assume that they lie to their friends, family,
and  even to themselves.  Politicians lie.  That is, sadly, the truth.

Kerry  lies  about what it is expedient to lie about and about what he
thinks  he can get away with.  Bush lies about what it is expedient to
lie about and about what he can get away with.  This is a demonstrable
fact which one may or may not believe but it is true.  Believing it or
not doesn't change the truth.

So  friend,  you  can pretty much make an assumption yourself and that
would  be,  whomever  you  choose  to  vote  for  is a liar if you are
choosing  either  Bush  or  Kerry.  And if being a liar disqualifies a
person  from receiving your vote then you had better not vote today or
if  you  do it should not be for  someone from either of the two major
parties.

And  friend,  about  Kerry's wife.  Please document that or retract it
because it is slanderous.  And by the way, I don't like either of them
or  any  of their ilk.  Both of them have compromised with evil and as
far as I am concerned they do not deserve any public office.

Happy Happy,

Gustl
-- 
Je mehr wir haben, desto mehr fordert Gott von uns.
Mitglied-Team AMIGA
ICQ: 22211253-Gustli

The safest road to Hell is the gradual one - the gentle slope, 
soft underfoot, without sudden turnings, without milestones, 
without signposts.  
C. S. Lewis, "The Screwtape Letters"

Es gibt Wahrheiten, die so sehr auf der Stra§e liegen, 
da§ sie gerade deshalb von der gewšhnlichen Welt nicht 
gesehen oder wenigstens nicht erkannt werden.

Those who dance are considered insane by those who can't
hear the music.  
George Carlin

The best portion of a good man's life -
His little, nameless, unremembered acts of kindness and of love.
William Wordsworth



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[Biofuel] deed is one

[Mel Riser]

Well I have voted. Voted straight Libertarian along party lines. and where 
there wasn;t a Libertarian candidate, I either abstained or voted democrat.

crazy huh?

Yes I know... but it is the only viable 3rd party.

But enough of that...

 

I registered a new domain name mysolarvillage.com

I also started a blog about the village. mysolarvillage.blogspot.com

NO I don't have any content up yet, but I am hoping to work on it some this 
week. I hope to follow in the footsteps of Steve Spence and will detail my 
village as he has.

My BioDiesel signs on the side of my blazer say "I'm stickin' it to the man... 
BioDiesel Test Vehicle"

I get a lot of questions and stares and a lot of thumbs up and stares.

So here's to a renewable future...

 

and vote Libertarian

 

mel

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[Biofuel] New biodiesel processor uploaded

[Keith Addison]

http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor12.html
Luc's processor-in-a-cabinet - Complete 100-litre water-heater 
processor combo for small spaces


Best wishes

Keith
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Re: [Biofuel] Fw: Biodiesel output to galvanized settling tankw/sitetube

[Kevin Shea]

I have lots of information regarding this subject - thanks to everyone's
input

I even have a reply from Bruce Curry from AOC corporation, but  have not yet
replied, since I am on my way out the door and have to do some homework to
get him the answers he requested.  I've posted it below

The tanks were made for hydro at ambient temperature (water tanks)  that
used to hold alkily cleaning chemical for an auto auction and is no longer
used.  I picked them up for my bioprocessor to hopefully aid in containment
of methanol evaporation as well as ease of production.  (The reator is the
Girl Mark fumeless) These three 82 gal tanks are taller then me with only
four 1" openings.  Regarding the correct components from what Keith and what
I've read of what coating to (and run test), still has to be determined.

I'm at odds on how I would coat the inside with just 1" opening (Openings:
1" open at top, two 1" opening midway (site tube) and one 1" at side bottom)
This may not be possible.

My thory of coating would be to pour the solution at the top and rotate the
tank for full coverage.  When full coating is applied, tip the tank (upside
down and let the excess drain from the opening.  let dry for undetermined
amount of time and possible repeat  Time temp. or the density of the
solution questions still have to be answered and this will take some time.


-Kevin

FROM BRUCE:
Will the refurbished tanks need to contain the sodium hydroxide and the
potassium hydroxide and then later be used for biodiesel?  If so, what is
the concentration of the sodium hydroxide and the potassium hydroxide?  What
is the  temperature?  Are there organincs present with the sodium hydroxide
and potassium hydroxide?
Vipel F701 or F764 will handle the biodiesel but they will not be able to
handle the sodium hydroxide or the potassium hydroxide.  Premium corrosion
resistant resins will be needed to contain sodium hydroxide or potassium
hydroxide such as Vipel F010 but I need to know concentrations and
temperatures before this can be confirmed.
Unless you have had fiberglass lay up experience, it is likely that you will
need to have someone come in to laminate for you.  (Unless the NaOH and KOH
concentrations are quite low and the temperature is ambient)  These
chemicals are quite aggressive to FRP and the laminate needs to made with
minimal air bubbles and designed with an ASTM  C 581 corrosion barrier.
What is the roll of the zinc?  Are you dissolving it?What is the
concentration of the zinc?  Is the zinc just metallic zinc?
Bruce Curry
AOC
Corrosion Product Leader
Phone 901-854-2871


- Original Message - 
From: "Jonathan Schearer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Tuesday, November 02, 2004 7:36 AM
Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Fw: Biodiesel output to galvanized settling
tankw/sitetube


>
>
> Keith Addison <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi Jonathan
>
> >Kevin, I'm not sure if this relates to what you are doing, but I
> >used the POR-15 that was recommended in the JTF site with great
> >satisfaction. I coated the inside of 2-55 gallon tanks with half a
> >pint. I used the clear paint and it formed a "shell-like" glaze
> >that is solid like a rock. I made sure I read all the precautions
> >on this stuff, use a respirator. High organics. I have not had
> >anything in the tanks as of yet though. Hopefully I can get another
> >stage completed over Thanksgiving. Just a suggestion. Jonathan
> >Schearer.
>
> We'd used POR-15 previously, with great results, but not with
> biodiesel. So before I uploaded the POR-15 link to our site I wrote
> to them and asked about resistance to all things biodiesel, and they
> assured me it was resistant. We haven't used it inside a processor,
> but we have used it for a few other things that have had a lot of
> contact with biodiesel, but washed biodiesel, thus not with the
> processing chemicals. We had one report from someone who used it
> inside a processor and said it started to peel off after awhile,
> which he attributed to heat expansion and contraction, though it
> didn't peel off the rusty bits. I wasn't sure if he'd prepared the
> surface properly, which is really important. So I'm very interested
> to hear how you get along with it. Please let us know.
>
> Regards
>
> Keith
>
>
> I will share my findings.  I am very optimistic and hope it works out
well.  The only frustrating thing on my part is how long it has been taking
me to assemble the processor.  Just to prepare the surface of the tanks for
application took me 3 weeks.  I had to do it in 3 stages...Clean surface
with their cleaner, let dry, apply the metal etch, let dry, apply POR-15 let
dry.  When I received the package in the mail, I opened it and one of the
first pieces of literature was labeled in large letters:  DIRECTIONS FOR
PEOPLE WHO DON'T READ DIRECTIONS.  I had to laugh and then read them.
Jonathan.
>
> >Kevin Shea wrote:Thanks Keith,
> >Is the polyester resin coating something of a 'do-it-yourself' project?
> >There 

Re: off topic flame: Re: [Biofuel] 38 short hours to go

[Appal Energy]

Not wise to be unaware of what types of persons one associates/mingles with.

Anyone who can make such a statement of flasehood shoud be paid closer 
attention to, if only for self-preservation's sake.


Todd Swearingen

- Original Message - 
From: "DHAJOGLO" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Tuesday, November 02, 2004 8:54 AM
Subject: off topic flame: Re: [Biofuel] 38 short hours to go


How can anyone vote for a man that has lied, about his war time,and clame 
him self a hero? the man can not tell us what his plane is , and his wife 
is a suporter of the K.K.K. I don not understand how people can be so 
blind. and so narrow minded that they would vote for a LIER! as Kerry is.


thank you!


Sticks and Stones!  Or would you prefer, Stick an dStoneses?

oh, and your welcome :)


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Re: [Biofuel] it all comes down to this

[Alan Petrillo]

It is 3:32AM EST in Columbus OH, the polls open in three hours.

My team astonished even me last night when we knocked on 535 doors in 5 
short hours. we identified nearly 75 more votes last night that we will 
turn out today. Kennedy won on less than 1 vote in every precinct, we 
are expecting a minimum of 150 voters in this precinct that are turned 
out as a result of our efforts.


In 17 hours the state of Ohio will have fired George W. Bush. It will 
have been done on the resolve and spirit of the volunteers who have 
given up everything to do what is right for our country, and for the 
world. Those volunteers are powered by the spirits of their loved ones 
who are only here in their thoughts.


We'll see.  Don't forget how the president of Diebold corporation, the 
largest manufacturer of electronic voting machines, promised to deliver 
Ohio's votes to Bush.  Quite an easy thing to do with a machine system 
that leaves no paper trail.



Please be with me, as I need all of the strength that I can get.


Keep on keeping on, friend.


AP

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Re: [Biofuel] it all comes down to this

[cblumenthal]

Citizen", I only hope Diebold will actually count the votes.

Chuck from Chicago

- Original Message - 
From: "John Guttridge" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

To: "Mariah Dahl" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Cc: "Ben Heller" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Richard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; 
"Aaron Speiser" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Sam Awry" 
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Nicholas H Taylor" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Barbara 
Guttridge" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Natan Huffman" 
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "brian abbott" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Chris 
Yokum" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Lauralee Harner" 
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Jen Allen" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Lucas 
Madar" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Harold Flomerfelt" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; 
"System" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Ellen Baer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "Bonnie 
Monroe" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

Sent: Tuesday, November 02, 2004 2:42 AM
Subject: [Biofuel] it all comes down to this



It is 3:32AM EST in Columbus OH, the polls open in three hours.

My team astonished even me last night when we knocked on 535 doors in 5 
short hours. we identified nearly 75 more votes last night that we will 
turn out today. Kennedy won on less than 1 vote in every precinct, we are 
expecting a minimum of 150 voters in this precinct that are turned out as 
a result of our efforts.


In 17 hours the state of Ohio will have fired George W. Bush. It will have 
been done on the resolve and spirit of the volunteers who have given up 
everything to do what is right for our country, and for the world. Those 
volunteers are powered by the spirits of their loved ones who are only 
here in their thoughts.


Please be with me, as I need all of the strength that I can get.

John

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Re: [Biofuel] alcohol fuel

[Keith Addison]

Can anyone assist me with some plans for a small backyard still that I can
manufacture. Also the simple principles of the procedure of manufacturing
alcohol fuel.

I am conversant with the conventional method of alcohol manufacture, but I
understand that there are some details that are different with this type of
still.

Any and all advice would be welcome.

Thanks

efwico


Two links on the list's home page:

Biofuels Library
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel_library.html

Ethanol
http://journeytoforever.org/ethanol.html

Should be everything you need, especially here (including still designs):

Mother Earth Alcohol Fuel
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel_library.html#ME

And here:

The Manual for the Home and Farm Production of Alcohol Fuel
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel_library.html#alcmanual

Best wishes

Keith

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Re: [Biofuel] a site for sore eyes

[Keith Addison]

that's just me having been on this computer too long today.

http://www.dieselnet.com/

Maybe a few reports here that could be useful as well.

http://www.dieselnet.com/links/fuel_biodiesel.html

Take care all,  Mike



Hello Mike

Try a search of the list archives for "dieselnet" - I'll do it for you, here:
http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/?keywords=dieselnet&time=all&use 
rtime=2002-12-31


Best wishes

Keith

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[Biofuel] Major Themes of Tropical Homegardens

[Keith Addison]

From: "The Overstory" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

THE OVERSTORY #147--Major Themes of Tropical Homegardens
By B.M. Kumar and P.K.R. Nair

Contents:

: INTRODUCTION
: HOMEGARDENS AND NUTRITIONAL SECURITY
: GENERATION OF CASH INCOME
: TIMBER AND FUELWOOD PRODUCTION
: NONTIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS (NTFPS)
: EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
: ANIMAL PRODUCTION
: CONCLUSIONS
: LITERATURE
: ORIGINAL SOURCE
: ABOUT THE AUTHORS
: WEB LINKS
: RELATED EDITIONS OF THE OVERSTORY
: PUBLISHER NOTES
: SUBSCRIPTIONS





INTRODUCTION

Farming systems variously described in the English language as 
agroforestry homegardens, household or homestead farms, compound 
farms, backyard gardens, village forest gardens, dooryard gardens and 
house gardens abound in the tropics. Some local names such as 
Talun-Kebun and Pekarangan that are used for various types of 
homegarden systems of Java (Indonesia), Shamba and Chagga in East 
Africa, and Huertos Familiares of Central America, have also attained 
international popularity because of the excellent examples of the 
systems they represent (Nair 1993). Although several authors have 
tried to describe the term "homegarden," none is perhaps universally 
accepted as "the definition"; but it is well understood that the 
concept refers to "intimate, multi-story combinations of various 
trees and crops, sometimes in association with domestic animals, 
around homesteads." These multistrata agroforests are estimated to 
occupy about 20% of the arable land in Java (Jensen 1993a) and are 
regarded as the "epitome of sustainability" throughout the tropics 
(Torquebiau 1992). Homegardening has been a way of life for centuries 
and is still critical to the local subsistence economy and food 
security in Kerala state in peninsular India that has about 5.4 
million small gardens (mostly less than 0.5 ha in area) (KSLUB 1995). 
In Africa, Central America, and the Caribbean and the Pacific Islands 
also, homegardens are of vital importance (Anderson 1993; Caballero 
1992; Clarke and Thaman 1993; High and Shackleton 2000; Rugalema et 
al. 1994a, 1994b, 1995; Ruthenberg 1980).


Presumably, homegardening is the oldest land use activity next only 
to shifting cultivation. It evolved through generations of gradual 
intensification of cropping in response to increasing human pressure 
and the corresponding shortage of arable lands. The two great Indian 
epics Ramayana and Mahabharata (based on events that have supposedly 
happened around 7000 B.C. and 4000 B.C. respectively) contain an 
illustration of Ashok Vatika, a form of today's homegardens (see Puri 
and Nair 2004). The Javanese homegardens have reportedly originated 
as early as the seventh millennium B.C. (Hutterer 1984), and the 
Kerala homegardens are thought to be at least 4000 years old. Natural 
history studies in southern India during the late 1800s to early 
1900s suggest that people traditionally used their homesteads for a 
variety of needs such as food, energy, shelter, and medicines. 
Socio-culturally, homegardening fits well with the traditional 
farming systems and established village lifestyles. These systems 
have probably evolved over centuries of cultural and biological 
transformations and they represent the accrued wisdom and insights of 
farmers who have interacted with environment, without access to 
exogenous inputs, capital or scientific skills.


A great deal has changed, however, in the philosophy of and approaches to 
tropical land use during the past few decades. When the economy was 
predominantly subsistence-oriented, the homegardens that provide an array of 
outputs (Jose and Shanmugaratnam 1993) were quite appropriate land-use systems. 
With the advent of market economy, and consequent emphasis on maximization of 
production and use of external inputs in crop production, the homegardens have 
lost some of their relevance. There has been a resurgence of interest, however, 
in traditional land use practices in the wake of mounting environmental 
deterioration and/or failures of single-species agricultural enterprises; 
consequently homegardens have received some attention although they may not 
address environmental deterioration at a large scale because they exist in 
scattered small plots.

HOMEGARDENS AND NUTRITIONAL SECURITY

Food production either directly (producing edible fruits, nuts, 
grain, rhizomes and tubers, leaves, flowers etc.) or indirectly 
(facilitating enhanced and/or sustained production) is a basic 
function of tropical homegardens. Consequently, food crops including 
herbaceous plants and vegetable and fruit yielding trees and shrubs 
abound in the homegardens (Caron 1995; Mendez et al. 2001; Vogl et 
al. 2002; Wezel and Bender 2003). Based on a comprehensive literature 
review, Torquebiau (1992) concluded that dietary supplies from 
homegardens accounted for 3% to 44% of the total calorie and 4 % to 
32 % of the protein intake. It needs to be noted, however, that 
homegardens seldom meet the entire basic-st

Re: [Biofuel] 38 short hours to go

[Michael Redler]

Thanks Rick.  That was very entertaining.  Especially the part that says "his 
wife is a supporter of the K.K.K.".
 
Sure I believe that.  In fact when she makes a speech about how unfair it is 
that women make $.76 for every dollar a man makes, it really sounds like the 
bigotry you might hear at a KKK rally.
 
lol
  
Rick Krebs <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
How can anyone vote for a man that has lied, about his war time,and clame him 
self a hero? the man can not tell us what his plane is , and his wife is a 
suporter of the K.K.K. I don not understand how people can be so blind. and so 
narrow minded that they would vote for a LIER! as Kerry is. 

thank you!

-
Do you Yahoo!?
Check out the new Yahoo! Front Page. www.yahoo.com/a
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Re: [Biofuel] 38 short hours to go

[btmd]

Kerry?  And here I thought you were talking about Bush.  I don't think
that anyone can match his lies, or the harm they have caused to the United
States and the world.  Hopefully that will come to an end today.

Brian

> How can anyone vote for a man that has lied, about his war time,and clame
> him self a hero? the man can not tell us what his plane is , and his wife
> is a suporter of the K.K.K. I don not understand how people can be so
> blind. and so narrow minded that they would vote for a LIER! as Kerry is.
>
> thank you!
>
>
>
> -
> Do you Yahoo!?
>  Check out the new Yahoo! Front Page.  www.yahoo.com/a
> ___
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>
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off topic flame: Re: [Biofuel] 38 short hours to go

[DHAJOGLO]

>How can anyone vote for a man that has lied, about his war time,and clame him 
>self a hero? the man can not tell us what his plane is , and his wife is a 
>suporter of the K.K.K. I don not understand how people can be so blind. and so 
>narrow minded that they would vote for a LIER! as Kerry is.
>
>thank you!

Sticks and Stones!  Or would you prefer, Stick an dStoneses?

oh, and your welcome :)


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Re: [Biofuel] 38 short hours to go

[Rick Krebs]

How can anyone vote for a man that has lied, about his war time,and clame him 
self a hero? the man can not tell us what his plane is , and his wife is a 
suporter of the K.K.K. I don not understand how people can be so blind. and so 
narrow minded that they would vote for a LIER! as Kerry is. 
 
thank you!
 


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[Biofuel] a site for sore eyes

[Anti-Fossil]

Kind of an interesting site.  Almost information overload, or maybe that's just 
me having been on this computer too long today.
  
http://www.dieselnet.com/

Maybe a few reports here that could be useful as well.

http://www.dieselnet.com/links/fuel_biodiesel.html

Take care all,  Mike
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[Biofuel] alcohol fuel

[Anthony Sayers]

Gooday. 

Can anyone assist me with some plans for a small backyard still that I can
manufacture. Also the simple principles of the procedure of manufacturing
alcohol fuel.

I am conversant with the conventional method of alcohol manufacture, but I
understand that there are some details that are different with this type of
still.

Any and all advice would be welcome. 

Thanks

efwico
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Re: [Biofuel] Fw: Biodiesel output to galvanized settling tankw/site tube

[Jonathan Schearer]

Keith Addison <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
Hi Jonathan

>Kevin, I'm not sure if this relates to what you are doing, but I 
>used the POR-15 that was recommended in the JTF site with great 
>satisfaction. I coated the inside of 2-55 gallon tanks with half a 
>pint. I used the clear paint and it formed a "shell-like" glaze 
>that is solid like a rock. I made sure I read all the precautions 
>on this stuff, use a respirator. High organics. I have not had 
>anything in the tanks as of yet though. Hopefully I can get another 
>stage completed over Thanksgiving. Just a suggestion. Jonathan 
>Schearer.

We'd used POR-15 previously, with great results, but not with 
biodiesel. So before I uploaded the POR-15 link to our site I wrote 
to them and asked about resistance to all things biodiesel, and they 
assured me it was resistant. We haven't used it inside a processor, 
but we have used it for a few other things that have had a lot of 
contact with biodiesel, but washed biodiesel, thus not with the 
processing chemicals. We had one report from someone who used it 
inside a processor and said it started to peel off after awhile, 
which he attributed to heat expansion and contraction, though it 
didn't peel off the rusty bits. I wasn't sure if he'd prepared the 
surface properly, which is really important. So I'm very interested 
to hear how you get along with it. Please let us know.

Regards

Keith


I will share my findings.  I am very optimistic and hope it works out well.  
The only frustrating thing on my part is how long it has been taking me to 
assemble the processor.  Just to prepare the surface of the tanks for 
application took me 3 weeks.  I had to do it in 3 stages...Clean surface with 
their cleaner, let dry, apply the metal etch, let dry, apply POR-15 let dry.  
When I received the package in the mail, I opened it and one of the first 
pieces of literature was labeled in large letters:  DIRECTIONS FOR PEOPLE WHO 
DON'T READ DIRECTIONS.  I had to laugh and then read them.  Jonathan.

>Kevin Shea wrote:Thanks Keith,
>Is the polyester resin coating something of a 'do-it-yourself' project?
>There is four 1" openings on each tank, so I should be able to pour the
>resin (or spray) and rotate each tank for full coverage.
>



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Re: [Biofuel] Fwd: Information on Sawdust processing

[Keith Addison]

Thankyou for this, very informative.

Best wishes

Keith




Hello Keith,

- Original Message -
From: "Keith Addison" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Wednesday, October 27, 2004 11:12 AM
Subject: [Biofuel] Fwd: Information on Sawdust processing


> Greetings all
>
> I was sent this by an NGO in Sri Lanka. Any advice for them? They're
> not list members, but I'll forward any responses.

> Thanks!

> regards
>
> Keith
>
> 
>
> From: "National Development Foundation" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Subject: Information on Sawdust processing
> Date: Mon, 25 Oct 2004 23:13:12 +0600
>
> National Development Foundation
>
> 63/2, Yahampath Mawatha, Piliyandala Road, Maharagama, Sri Lanka.
>
> Tele: +(94)-011-5526679 or +(94)-011-5522776 E-mail:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
> Monday, October 25, 2004,
>
> Journey to Forever Organisation.
>
> Dear Sir/Madam,
>
> Ours is a Non-governmental, non-profit making organisation devoted to
> development through self-help development programmes. We also
> carryout environmental protection programmes with local communities
> in Sri Lanka.
>
> Recently we were informed of a long-standing problem in a suburban
> city, due to sawdust. There are large numbers of timber mills,
> carpentry workshops and woodwork centers in the area. They produce
> tons and tons of saw dust and dump them into the nearby lake
> polluting the area. Recently the government has no other alternative,
> but found another dumping site and the sawdust is now dumped in this
> site spending large sums of money for transportation. For a
> developing country like ours this type of spending is unaffordable.

Truly a huge waste of a very valuable resource. What an unnecessary,
avoidable and costly expense
for dumping/disposing of this "waste"! And the pollution.

> We have been trying to find a solution to re-cycle and use saw dust.
> As we understand, it is possible to make Sawdust Bars - fire logs,
> briquettes etc or even insulating boards if properly experimented. We
> were also made to understand that there are many organisations,
> private sector companies engaged in this business.

A good idea would be to convert the saw dust into fuel briquettes using
either punch-and-ram or extrusion presses. The briquettes from the former
cost less to make while those from the latter retain their structural
integrity better over time. The fuel briquettes could be used as fuel in the
local rural economy replacing logged wood/coal/paraffin.

We have a large number of briquette manufacturers in India. However, since
densification of biomass (which is what briquetting does) adds only limited
economic value by reducing specific transport cost without adding to the
calorific value, they have limited markets in tea/coffee plantations, where
felling of alternative biomass such as trees is banned, to prevent
landslides.

> We thought of searching for a simple technology that could be
> introduced to the low-income generation groups in the area,
> especially to the women, who could produce some type of an item to
> the market, could be a fire log, a briquette or an item that could be
> used in daily life.

The saw dust briquettes could be very gainfully converted into high quality
energy such as producer gas to replace fossil fuels, or as electricity.
Gasifiers use the briqettes as feedstock, when solid biomass is converted
into producer gas viz. a mixture of combustible gases such as H2, CO, CH4
and inerts such as CO2 , N2. The producer gas is then cooled, cleaned and
used in conventional (compression ignition) diesel generators replacing
about 70-80% of the diesel otherwise used in the liquid fuel mode.

Alternatively, the gas can be used to generate electricity in the gas alone
mode using spark ignition natural gas engine generators, with special
adapation kits to operate on producer gas. In a developing country such as
Sri Lanka with limited fossil fuel resources, the generation cost of
electricity would be significantly higher in the dual fuel mode with
imported diesel compared to the gas alone mode with locally generated
biomass.

Such a 100% gas engine based power plant would have a number of advantages.
The electricity required for the briquetting plant could be supplied from
the power plant itself, adding to the green dot nature of the plant. The
plant can be configured from 20 kWe to 2000 kWe capacity, depending upon saw
dust generation and the local power requirements. Electricity would be
generated at the "pit head" avoiding the transmission and distribution
losses of centralised power grids. And the gasifier power plant would be a
force multiplier for the local economy whose needs are now met with local
fuel. The other inherent advantages such as pollution avoidance and saving
in disposal cost and effort cannot be overemphasised.

(Below, In Rs. stands for Indian Rupees, SL Rs. is Sri Lankan Rupees and US
c and
$ are United States cent and dollar 

Re: [Biofuel] Mixing in the foolproof method

[Keith Addison]

Hi all,
	I've just decided to finally start making biodiesel, after 
lurking on this list for ages,


Good!

so I've decided to read all of the method's etc on JtF. Whilst 
reading through the foolproof method, Aleks says in the First Stage 
- point 8:


Mix gently at LOW rpm (don't splash!) while keeping the temperature 
at 35 deg C. The rotation of your stirrer should not exceed 500 to 
600 rpm -- speed is not crucial and splashed oil is a mess to clean.


and also

Second stage - point 14:

Add the second half of the prepared sodium methoxide to the heated 
mixture and start mixing at the same low speed of not more than 500 
to 600 rpm.


Why does he say to mix gently? I would have thought that as much 
agitation as possible would be the way to go - this giving better 
reactant contact thus shortening the time needed for stirring.


It doesn't quite work like that.

Has anyone done the Acid/Base method and given the mix a good old 
thrashing, rather than the gentle mix?


Regards,
Andrew Lowe

p.s. Yes, Keith I do know that at the top of the page it says this 
is an advanced method,


... and refers to a link that says why...

I'm just reading and assembling knowledge before I start with virgin 
oil and the base method :)


Aleks's advice on gentle mixing is not specific to the acid-base 
process, it's general advice.


Have a look at what Michael Allen says about mixing:

http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor8.html
Biodiesel processors: The Deepthort 100B - Journey to Forever

He said this too: "All the literature I have, plus my own personal 
experience is that conversion is higher with a gentle mixing action. 
No one seems to have presented a plausible explanation but my guess 
is that it helps the glycerol settle out and so allows a higher 
equilibrium yield in the top layers of a "deep thort" type reactor."


There are other ways of dropping out the glyc though, as with our 
90-litre processor:

http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor10.html
Journey to Forever 90-litre processor

Have a look at these too:

Kinetics of Transesterification of Soybean Oil, H. Noureddini and D. 
Zhu, Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, Vol. 74, no. 11 
(1997). This study investigates what actually happens during the 
transesterifcation process to produce biodiesel. The effect of 
variations in mixing intensity and temperature on the rate of 
reaction were studied at a constant ratio of alcohol to triglycerol 
and concentration of catalyst. Acrobat file, 540Kb.

http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel_library/kinetics.pdf

Kinetics of Palm Oil Transesterification in a Batch Reactor, by D. 
Darnoko and Munir Cheryan, University of Illinois, Department of Food 
Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural Bioprocess Laboratory, 
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society (JAOCS) Vol. 77, No. 12 
(2000) --What happens during the biodiesel process reaction. Acrobat 
file, 72Kb.

http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel_library/transesterification%20paper.pdf

In fact though stirrer rpm doesn't mean a lot - what shape and 
configuration are the mixing blades and their position relative to 
the reactor vessel? What size and shape is the reactor vessel? There 
are a lot of variables, all the methods have to generalise and deal 
with averages. They'll get you well inside the ball-park, but 
probably they all need to be fine-tuned to the individual user's 
particular circumstances. Which is another good reason for starting 
at the beginning and proceeding one step at a time, so you learn all 
the basics thoroughly and will know how to proceed when it come to 
trouble-shooting later.


Best wishes

Keith

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Re: [Biofuel] Fw: Biodiesel output to galvanized settling tankw/site tube

[Keith Addison]

Kevin, I'm not sure if this relates to what you are doing, but I 
used the POR-15 that was recommended in the JTF site with great 
satisfaction.  I coated the inside of 2-55 gallon tanks with half a 
pint.  I used the clear paint and it formed a "shell-like" glaze 
that is solid like a rock.  I made sure I read all the precautions 
on this stuff, use a respirator.  High organics.  I have not had 
anything in the tanks as of yet though.  Hopefully I can get another 
stage completed over Thanksgiving.  Just a suggestion.  Jonathan 
Schearer.


We'd used POR-15 previously, with great results, but not with 
biodiesel. So before I uploaded the POR-15 link to our site I wrote 
to them and asked about resistance to all things biodiesel, and they 
assured me it was resistant. We haven't used it inside a processor, 
but we have used it for a few other things that have had a lot of 
contact with biodiesel, but washed biodiesel, thus not with the 
processing chemicals. We had one report from someone who used it 
inside a processor and said it started to peel off after awhile, 
which he attributed to heat expansion and contraction, though it 
didn't peel off the rusty bits. I wasn't sure if he'd prepared the 
surface properly, which is really important. So I'm very interested 
to hear how you get along with it. Please let us know.


Regards

Keith



Kevin Shea <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:Thanks Keith,
Is the polyester resin coating something of a 'do-it-yourself' project?
There is four 1" openings on each tank, so I should be able to pour the
resin (or spray) and rotate each tank for full coverage.





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Re: [Biofuel] Fw: Biodiesel output to galvanized settling tankw/site tube

[Keith Addison]

methly ethyl ketone, a solvent  for lots of plastics.  MEKP is 
methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.  It is the peroxide part which is the 
catalyst in the polyester formation reaction.

toodles


Thankyou Bob, I didn't realise that, though I know MEK is a solvent. 
Mostly the glass-fibre folks seem to call it MEK, though I see the 
site I referred to calls it MEKP. Hm.


Thanks

Keith



Keith Addison wrote:


Hi Kevin


Thanks Keith,
Is the polyester resin coating something of a 'do-it-yourself' project?




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Re: [Biofuel] Fw: Biodiesel output to galvanized settling tankw/site tube

[Keith Addison]

Hi All.  My experience with 5 minute epoxie in the acid process was 
not too good.  I had made a fiberglass braded tube (as used for 
electrical
insulation but not coated with silicone) into a stirrer propeller 
and attached it to a steel rod.  It was incontact with the mix over 
night during and
after the first acid stage.  I guess the sulfuric acid attacked the 
epoxie cuz the whole thing turned to jelly.  I had cured the epoxie 
for several
days before use.  The 5 minute stuff is not famous for durability in 
any case.  But I would do a test on anything you planned to do in a 
big way.


Hence my caution - but it's not against epoxy in general, it just 
seems to vary a lot. We use an extremely tough epoxy putty from 
Taiwan which is entirely resistant to the biodiesel process, 
including the acid-base process. But that's not 5-minute stuff, it 
takes overnight, or better a whole day. So, yes, do tests.


Best wishes

Keith



Cheers___


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[Biofuel] it all comes down to this

[John Guttridge]

My team astonished even me last night when we knocked on 535 doors in 5 
short hours. we identified nearly 75 more votes last night that we will 
turn out today. Kennedy won on less than 1 vote in every precinct, we 
are expecting a minimum of 150 voters in this precinct that are turned 
out as a result of our efforts.


In 17 hours the state of Ohio will have fired George W. Bush. It will 
have been done on the resolve and spirit of the volunteers who have 
given up everything to do what is right for our country, and for the 
world. Those volunteers are powered by the spirits of their loved ones 
who are only here in their thoughts.


Please be with me, as I need all of the strength that I can get.

John

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Re: [Biofuel] An Election Spoiled Rotten

[Greg Harbican]

Incorrect, it was, finding absentee ballots, going through the mail of high
security prisoners, that alerted the authorities, that this illegal activity
was going on.Subsequent cross-referencing of prisoners names to absentee
ballot request, showed a large number of criminals trying to vote from
jail/prison.

If you lived here you might know more about it, rather than having to get
you information 3rd hand.

Now let's not forget, about those people who voted early or absent ballot,
and then died after the ballot was in the hands of election officials.
Now muck rakers back east are trying to get those votes disqualified.

Greg H.

- Original Message - 
From: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Tuesday, November 02, 2004 00:57
Subject: [Biofuel] An Election Spoiled Rotten




   The Urge To Purge
   Colorado Secretary of State Donetta Davidson just weeks ago removed
   several thousand voters from the state's voter rolls. She tagged
   felons as barred from voting. What makes this particularly noteworthy
   is that, unlike like Florida and a handful of other Deep South states,
   Colorado does not bar ex-cons from voting. Only those actually serving
   their sentence lose their rights.

   There's no known, verified case of a Colorado convict voting illegally
   from the big house. Because previous purges have wiped away the rights
   of innocents, federal law now bars purges within 90 days of a
   presidential election to allow a voter to challenge their loss of
   civil rights.




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Re: [Biofuel] Anybody in central Florida making biodiesel?

[Patrick McBrady]

The mfger is most likely World out of lakeland.

Patrick M

Gainesville FL
- Original Message - 
From: "steven mesibov" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Monday, November 01, 2004 10:50 PM
Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Anybody in central Florida making biodiesel?


> Hey, I'm in Deland, FL.  If you (or anyone else) are near by in central
> Florida lets talk about joining forces!
>
> Steve
>
> --- Alan Petrillo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> >
> > > Hi,
> > > Since i have several trucks, and a tractor that run on diesel was
> > looking at whether anyone near me makes biodiesel and seeing how you are
> > making, etc.
> > > Thanks,
> >
> > Where in Florida are you?  I'm in St. Petersburg.
> >
> > Ward Oil in Tampa has biodiesel, but I forget who their manufacturer is.
> >
> >
> > AP
> >
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> >
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> >
>
>
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Re: [Biofuel] Electric Yard Tools (was Trees and power companies)

[Doug Younker]

No problem I wasn't waiting for a prompt response anyway, just bench racing.
My mind tends to over build things.  I was envisioning something built
similar to a hydraulic unit with the screw under tension because it would be
stronger under tension than it would be under compression.  Respectfully I
would have to question the durability of the jacks you are speaking of.
Obviously they are strong enough exert the force to do the job they are
built to do but, they are built for occasional use.  My experience is the
jacks that come with pickups are shot long before the vehicle is. Not a
problem if you have an inexpensive source for the jacks.
Doug
- Original Message - 
From: "Darryl McMahon" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Monday, November 01, 2004 8:15 PM
Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Electric Yard Tools (was Trees and power companies)


:
: Not ignoring anyone, just catching up after falling behind.
:
: I have a couple of thoughts on this.
:
: First, is to use a double-screw axle jack.  These are common (or were) for
3/4 and
: 1-ton trucks here.  Put this on its side (so it pushes horizontally
instead of
: vertically, and turn the crank, possibly with a geared-down electric
motor.
: Retract the ram by reversing the motor.  Slow, but rated at 3 tons, so
should have
: lots of drive to split wood.  Normally hand powered, so not a lot of power
: consumption.  About 12 inches of drive action.
:
: Second is to use an automotive scissors jack.  I have encountered these
primarily
: in Japanese and French cars.  I would put the jack on its side, so the
part that
: was normally on the ground would be against the log, and the part that
lifted the
: car would be against the splitter frame, attached in some manner.  Then, a
motor
: would drive the screw in the jack.  I have visions of attaching the motor
to the
: jack screw somehow, so it will travel with the screw, which will move
relative to
: the frame in operation.  I have seen these jacks with up to 15 inches of
travel,
: and rated for about a ton, typically.  Again, designed to be operated by
hand, so
: power consumption should be low.
:
: So far, I think I prefer option 1.  Building up a short hand crank
shouldn't be
: hard.  So I would have the option of using hand power (like an old brace
and bit
: hand drill) or a geared down electric motor on the same unit.
:
: Decisions, decisions.  Multiple jacks, mechanical and hydraulic, and axes
and
: mauls.  Or should I just collect sawdust and woodchips and make
briquettes?
:
: Darryl
: >
: > - Original Message - 
: > From: "Darryl McMahon" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
: > To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
: > Sent: Sunday, October 24, 2004 11:33 AM
: > Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Electric Yard Tools (was Trees and power
companies)
: >
: >
: > : Responding to several recent e-mails - thanks to all.
: > :
: > : Fritz, I've heard that it's easier to split wood when frozen.
However, I
: > don't
: > : plan to be where the wood is this winter - other commitments.  Next
winter
: > could be
: > : another story.
: > :
: > : Greg, the spring has potential, but I would have to work against it
while
: > doing the
: > : spliiting.  I'm thinking more of a rope and lever to reduce the muscle
: > work
: > : overall.  I had also thought about making the head-end adjustable (say
2"
: > slot
: > : spacing) to take up the slack, but mostly to deal with various length
: > pieces.
: > :
: > : Hoagie, thanks for the link to Harbor Freight.  I have heard there are
: > issues with
: > : getting to ship cross-border.  On the other hand, a Canadian company
may
: > have a
: > : similar product (e.g. Princess Auto).  I'll have to look into that.
: > However, the
: > : illustrations may help if I still elect to build my own.
: > :
: > : I expect if I build something to work with the hydraulic (jack)
cylinder I
: > have
: > : now, I can always convert it later to a screw jack or
electrically-driven
: > : hydraulics.
: > :
: > : Mel, I have not looked at the HP page you cited yet, but I definitely
: > will.  Must
: > : be from an issue I missed before my subscription started.
: > :
: > : Thanks again to all.  For starters though, I'm going to get a new
handle
: > for the
: > : old double-edged axe.  Always had a nice heft, and although originally
: > made for
: > : felling, has always done a nice job of splitting hardwood.
: > :
: > : Darryl McMahon
: >
: >
: >
: > ---
: > Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free.
: > Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
: > Version: 6.0.779 / Virus Database: 526 - Release Date: 10/19/2004
: >
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: >
:
: -- 
: Darryl McMahon  http://www.econogics.com/
: It's your pla

[Biofuel] An Election Spoiled Rotten

[knoton]

   [1]An Election Spoiled Rotten
   Greg Palast
   November 01, 2004

   It's not even Election Day yet, and the Kerry-Edwards campaign is
   already down by a almost aÊmillion votes. That's because, in
   important states like Ohio, Florida and New Mexico, voter names have
   been systematically removed from the rolls andÊabsentee ballots have
   been overlooked÷overwhelmingly in minority areas, likeÊRio Arriba
   County,ÊNew Mexico, where Hispanic voters have a 500 percent greater
   chance of their vote being "spoiled." Investigative journalist Greg
   Palast reports on the trashing of the election.

   Greg Palast, contributing editor to Harper's magazine, investigated
   the manipulation of the vote for BBC Television's Newsnight. The
   documentary, [2]"Bush Family Fortunes" based on his New York Times
   bestseller, [3]"The Best Democracy Money Can Buy"Êhas been released
   this month on DVD.

   John Kerry is down by several thousand votes in New Mexico, though not
   one ballot has yet been counted. He's also losing big time in Colorado
   and Ohio; and he's way down in Florida, though the votes won't be
   totaled until Tuesday night.

   Through a combination of sophisticated vote rustling÷ethnic
   cleansing of voter rolls, absentee ballots gone AWOL, machines that
   "spoil" votes÷John Kerry begins with a nationwide deficit that could
   easily exceed one million votes.

   The Urge To Purge
   Colorado Secretary of State Donetta Davidson just weeks ago removed
   several thousand voters from the state's voter rolls. She tagged
   felons as barred from voting. What makes this particularly noteworthy
   is that, unlike like Florida and a handful of other Deep South states,
   Colorado does not bar ex-cons from voting. Only those actually serving
   their sentence lose their rights.

   There's no known, verified case of a Colorado convict voting illegally
   from the big house. Because previous purges have wiped away the rights
   of innocents, federal law now bars purges within 90 days of a
   presidential election to allow a voter to challenge their loss of
   civil rights.

   To exempt her action from the federal rule, Secretary Davidson
   declared an "emergency." However, the only "emergency" in Colorado
   seems to be President Bush's running dead, even with John Kerry in the
   polls.

   Why the sudden urge to purge? Davidson's chief of voting law
   enforcement is Drew Durham, who previously worked for the attorney
   general of Texas. This is what the Lone Star State's
   currentÊattorney generalÊsays of Mr. Durham: He is, "unfit for
   public office... a man with a history of racism and ideological
   zealotry." Sounds just right for a purge that affects, in the
   majority, non-white voters.

   From my own and government investigations of such purge lists, it is
   unlikely that this one contains many, if any, illegal voters.

   But it does contain Democrats. The Dems may not like to shout about
   this, but studies indicate that 90-some percent of people who have
   served time for felonies will, after prison, vote Democratic. One
   suspects Colorado's Republican secretary of state knows that.

   Ethnic Cleansing Of The Voter Rolls
   We can't leave the topic of ethnically cleansing the voter rolls
   without a stop in Ohio, where a Republican secretary of state appears
   to be running to replace Katherine Harris.

   In Cuyahoga County (Cleveland), some citizens have been caught
   Registering While Black. A statistical analysis of would-be voters
   inÊSouthern statesÊby the watchdog group Democracy South indicates
   that black voters are three times as likely as white voters to have
   their registration requests "returned" (i.e., subject to rejection).

   And to give a boost to this whitening of the voter rolls, for the
   first time since the days of Jim Crow, the Republicans are planning
   mass challenges of voters on Election Day. The GOP's announced plan to
   block 35,000 voters in Ohio ran up against the wrath of federal
   judges; so, in Florida, what appear to be similar plans had been kept
   under wraps until the discovery of documents called "caging" lists.
   The voters on the "caging" lists, disclosed last week by BBC
   Television London, are, almost exclusively, residents of
   African-American neighborhoods.

   Such racial profiling as part of a plan to block voters is, under the
   Voting Rights Act, illegal. Nevertheless, neither the Act nor federal
   judges have persuaded the party of Lincoln to join the Democratic
   Party in pledging not to distribute blacklists to block voters on
   Tuesday.

   Absentee Ballots Go AWOL
   It's 10pm: Do you know where your absentee ballot is? Voters wary
   about computer balloting are going postal: in some states, mail-in
   ballot requests are up 500 percent. The probability that all those
   votes÷up to 15 million÷will be counted is zip.

   Those who mail in ballots are very trusting souls. Here's how your

Re: [Biofuel] re:galvanized tanks

[Greg Harbican]

Get a HPDE livestock watering tank, they can be had pre-plumbed for 2 inch
( or close to it ) line, in capacities of up to 500 gal.

Greg H.

- Original Message - 
From: "Amzi Smith" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Monday, November 01, 2004 17:48
Subject: [Biofuel] re:galvanized tanks


> dude just find other tanks or buy liners why make such a fuss.
>
>
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Re: [Biofuel] Anybody in central Florida making biodiesel?

[steven mesibov]

Hey, I'm in Deland, FL.  If you (or anyone else) are near by in central
Florida lets talk about joining forces!

Steve

--- Alan Petrillo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> 
> > Hi,
> > Since i have several trucks, and a tractor that run on diesel was
> looking at whether anyone near me makes biodiesel and seeing how you are
> making, etc.
> > Thanks,
> 
> Where in Florida are you?  I'm in St. Petersburg.
> 
> Ward Oil in Tampa has biodiesel, but I forget who their manufacturer is.
> 
> 
> AP
> 
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[Biofuel] re:galvanized tanks

[Amzi Smith]

 


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[Biofuel] Early Lead

[MH]

 In Florida, 30% of registered voters said they
 already had cast their ballots, using early
 voting sites and absentee ballots.
 They supported Kerry 51%-43%. 
 10/31/2004 11:45 PM
 
http://www.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/nation/polls/2004-10-31-poll-x_x.htm

 A Miami Herald poll Sunday shows that among the
 16% of voters who cast ballots early,
 Kerry drew 56%, compared with
 Bush, who received 39%. 
 11/1/2004 2:31 AM 
 
http://www.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/nation/2004-10-31-fla-voters_x.htm
 

 Nearly one-third of Iowans already had voted, the poll found,
 and they went for Kerry over Bush, 52% to 41%. 
 November 1, 2004 
 http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/story/248305p-212675c.html 

 Young Mobile Voters Pick Kerry Over Bush, 55% to 40% 
 October 31, 2004 
 Polling firm Zogby International and partner Rock the Vote found
 Massachusetts Senator John Kerry leading President Bush 55% to 40%
 among 18-29 year-old likely voters in their first joint Rock the Vote
 Mobile political poll, conducted exclusively on mobile phones
 October 27 through 30, 2004. 
 http://www.zogby.com/news/ReadNews.dbm?ID=919
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[Biofuel] China Ethanol

[MH]

 Liaoning adopts ethanol gasoline
 By Wu Yong (China Daily)
 Updated: 2004-11-01 00:19
 http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-11/01/content_387558.htm

 All automobiles in Northeast China's Liaoning Province must switch to
 ethanol fuel starting Monday. 

 Only some special institutions, like the army and State strategic storage
 facilities, will be allowed to continue using pure fossil fuel, according to
 new provincial regulations. 

 All petrol stations and distribution units must replace normal gasoline with
 ethanol gasoline and supply ethanol gasoline only. 

 According to the regulation, the price of ethanol gasoline will match that
 of normal gasoline. 

 Anyone violating the regulation could be fined between 5,000 yuan
 (US$600) and 30,000 yuan (US$3,600). 

 "Ethanol fuel can play an important role in easing consumption of
 traditional petrol and protecting the environment," said a senior official
 from the Liaoning Development and Reform Committee. 

 Ethanol is a form of alcohol used as a petrol additive. It makes up 10 per
 cent of the fuel blend. 

 Liu Shuming, a professor from the Automobile Engineering Institution of
 Jilin University, said the blend could help reduce car emissions and
 remove deposits inside the engine. 

 "It can even expand the life of some major components of the automobile
 engine," said Liu. 

 Production and use of ethanol fuel is encouraged by the government,
 which hopes the product will help promote the country's energy,
 environmental protection and even, agricultural industries. 

 Five provinces -- Jilin, Heilongjiang, Henan, Anhui and Liaoning -- have
 switched to the mixture since 2000. And some cities in Hubei, Shandong,
 Hebei and Jiangsu provinces took part in this project since this February. 

 Some industry insiders said this alternative energy would then be applied
 nationwide in the future. 

 "I know it's good to use the blend in terms of environmental protection
 and energy security. But the performance ratio is the most important
 concern for us," said Wang Jian, a driver in Shenyang, capital of Liaoning
 Province. 

 Some experts said ethanol gasoline provides greater power and better
 acceleration to vehicles and its consumption is lower than normal gasoline
 under same conditions. 

 But Dai Baoling, senior manager of the Jilin Ethanol Fuel Company, one
 of the major alcohol producers, said the blend would affect engine
 performance. 

 This was backed by Meng Fanlin, manager of the Shenyang Dual-fuel
 Vehicle Company. 

 The central government has designated four major ethanol fuel producers
 in Jilin, Heilongjiang, Henan and Anhui provinces as authorized suppliers. 

 Heilongjiang Province is planning to turn 345,000 tons of out-of-date
 grain into alcohol. And the output would meet the province's demand for
 one year, according to the local Ethanol Fuel Promotion Office. 

 It takes 3.3 tons of grain to produce one ton of alcohol. 

 Production of ethanol fuel may hit 10.2 million tons, accounting for
 one-fourth of the total petrol production by the end of 2005, according to
 the China Automobile Newspaper. 

 However, some experts argued that China's grain output could not meet
 the alcohol production demand. And the Jilin Ethanol Fuel Company has
 been in the red since it started production in September of 2003, experts
 said. 

 Normal vehicles (including motorcycles) can adapt to ethanol gasoline
 directly without any reconfiguration, however, vehicles which have run for
 more than 30,000 kilometres will need to clean up their oil-supply system
 beforehand. 

 The United States and Brazil have used ethanol fuel for years. Brazil was
 the first country to make use of ethanol fuel a legal requirement in 1931.
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Re: [Biofuel] Electric Yard Tools (was Trees and power companies)

[Darryl McMahon]

"Doug Younker" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Daryl,
> 
> You have me pondering this screw powered splitter.  Would you arrange it
> so the screw is under tension or compression on the splitting stroke?  What
> style of thread would you use, would you use a single or double helix?  IMO
> Greg probably has the simple method of taking up the slack.
> Doug, N0LKK
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Not ignoring anyone, just catching up after falling behind.

I have a couple of thoughts on this.

First, is to use a double-screw axle jack.  These are common (or were) for 3/4 
and 
1-ton trucks here.  Put this on its side (so it pushes horizontally instead of 
vertically, and turn the crank, possibly with a geared-down electric motor.  
Retract the ram by reversing the motor.  Slow, but rated at 3 tons, so should 
have 
lots of drive to split wood.  Normally hand powered, so not a lot of power 
consumption.  About 12 inches of drive action.

Second is to use an automotive scissors jack.  I have encountered these 
primarily 
in Japanese and French cars.  I would put the jack on its side, so the part 
that 
was normally on the ground would be against the log, and the part that lifted 
the 
car would be against the splitter frame, attached in some manner.  Then, a 
motor 
would drive the screw in the jack.  I have visions of attaching the motor to 
the 
jack screw somehow, so it will travel with the screw, which will move relative 
to 
the frame in operation.  I have seen these jacks with up to 15 inches of 
travel, 
and rated for about a ton, typically.  Again, designed to be operated by hand, 
so 
power consumption should be low.

So far, I think I prefer option 1.  Building up a short hand crank shouldn't be 
hard.  So I would have the option of using hand power (like an old brace and 
bit 
hand drill) or a geared down electric motor on the same unit.

Decisions, decisions.  Multiple jacks, mechanical and hydraulic, and axes and 
mauls.  Or should I just collect sawdust and woodchips and make briquettes?

Darryl
> 
> - Original Message - 
> From: "Darryl McMahon" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Sent: Sunday, October 24, 2004 11:33 AM
> Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Electric Yard Tools (was Trees and power companies)
> 
> 
> : Responding to several recent e-mails - thanks to all.
> :
> : Fritz, I've heard that it's easier to split wood when frozen.  However, I
> don't
> : plan to be where the wood is this winter - other commitments.  Next winter
> could be
> : another story.
> :
> : Greg, the spring has potential, but I would have to work against it while
> doing the
> : spliiting.  I'm thinking more of a rope and lever to reduce the muscle
> work
> : overall.  I had also thought about making the head-end adjustable (say 2"
> slot
> : spacing) to take up the slack, but mostly to deal with various length
> pieces.
> :
> : Hoagie, thanks for the link to Harbor Freight.  I have heard there are
> issues with
> : getting to ship cross-border.  On the other hand, a Canadian company may
> have a
> : similar product (e.g. Princess Auto).  I'll have to look into that.
> However, the
> : illustrations may help if I still elect to build my own.
> :
> : I expect if I build something to work with the hydraulic (jack) cylinder I
> have
> : now, I can always convert it later to a screw jack or electrically-driven
> : hydraulics.
> :
> : Mel, I have not looked at the HP page you cited yet, but I definitely
> will.  Must
> : be from an issue I missed before my subscription started.
> :
> : Thanks again to all.  For starters though, I'm going to get a new handle
> for the
> : old double-edged axe.  Always had a nice heft, and although originally
> made for
> : felling, has always done a nice job of splitting hardwood.
> :
> : Darryl McMahon
> 
> 
> 
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-- 
Darryl McMahon  http://www.econogics.com/
It's your planet.  If you won't look after it, who will?


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[Biofuel] Kyoto Moves Up

[MH]

 Russian Upper House ratifies Kyoto Protocol
 Reuters Moscow,
 October 27 2004 
 http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/181_1076414,00050003.htm

 Russia's Upper House of Parliament ratified the Kyoto
 Protocol on Wednesday, leaving President Vladimir Putin's
 signature as the final step to kickstart global efforts to
 control climate change. 

 The approval follows last week's ratification by the
 State Duma, Lower House. The pact aims to limit
 emissions of greenhouse gases and depends on
 Russian approval to come into force. The Federation Council,
 dominated by pro-Kremlin politicians, voted 139 in favour of
 the pact, with one against and one abstention, a spokeswoman said.
 Presidential approval is the last step in the ratification process.

 Under Kyoto's terms, developed countries responsible for 55 per cent of the
 industrialised world's emissions must ratify for it to come into force. The
 United States, by far the world's top polluting and richest country, pulled out
 in 2000, saying the pact would be too expensive for its economy and that it
 unfairly benefited the developing world. But the European Union pushed
 ahead and put heavy pressure on Moscow to approve it, with Putin finally
 pledging backing after EU leaders gave Russia favourable terms to enter the
 World Trade Organisation.
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[Biofuel] Mixing in the foolproof method

[Andrew Lowe]

	I've just decided to finally start making biodiesel, after lurking on 
this list for ages, so I've decided to read all of the method's etc on 
JtF. Whilst reading through the foolproof method, Aleks says in the 
First Stage - point 8:


Mix gently at LOW rpm (don't splash!) while keeping the temperature at 
35 deg C. The rotation of your stirrer should not exceed 500 to 600 rpm 
-- speed is not crucial and splashed oil is a mess to clean.


and also

Second stage - point 14:

Add the second half of the prepared sodium methoxide to the heated 
mixture and start mixing at the same low speed of not more than 500 to 
600 rpm.


Why does he say to mix gently? I would have thought that as much 
agitation as possible would be the way to go - this giving better 
reactant contact thus shortening the time needed for stirring. Has 
anyone done the Acid/Base method and given the mix a good old thrashing, 
rather than the gentle mix?


Regards,
Andrew Lowe

p.s. Yes, Keith I do know that at the top of the page it says this is an 
advanced method, I'm just reading and assembling knowledge before I 
start with virgin oil and the base method :)




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Re: [Biofuel] On demand boiling water?

[Darryl McMahon]

grahams <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> At 04:46 PM 10/22/2004, you wrote:
> >I would not give up the on-demand boiling water unit.  Perhaps put some 
> >additional
> >insulation around the housing to retain heat when power is "off".  Ours 
> >definitely
> >reduces our electrical consumption relative to an electric kettle (which 
> >is in turn
> >better than a conventional kettle on a burner element), and it is a 
> >significant
> >time-saver.  To me, this exercise is not about giving up things that 
> >contribute to
> >quality of life.
> 
> I am curious about this appliance.  I use propane to cook with (not an 
> electric burner), but for heating water, I had read once that using a 
> microwave was cheaper and more energy efficient- as long as the amount you 
> needed was a cup or two.  I would love a definite answer on the best way to 
> (reasonably quickly- not solar) boil water.
>My son loves eating mac n cheese, the choices are stove top or 
> microwave, for about 3-4 c. of water.  It takes 8-9 minutes in my 
> microwavecan't remember how much on the stove top.  A convenience 
> factor for a microwave is that it turns itself off at the end.  Less chance 
> of getting distracted and burning the noodles...it has happened more than 
> once :(   I also have a Polaris house water heater, which is extremely 
> efficient.  I have debated if it is better to use the hot tap water, energy 
> wise, but for eating I know that it is healthier to use cold tap water, as 
> the heated water sitting in the unit is more likely to dissolve metals and 
> chemicals from the pipes, etc than cold water. Though I do not know if it 
> is enough to matter.  (My exDH is an environmental engineer with the state 
> water board.)
> On a different note, I could investigate the Thermos method 
> www.kurtsaxon.com/foods005.htm (Thanks Gig!) and get in the habit of just 
> making it the night before...but you still have to boil  a qt of water if I 
> remember correctly or even two.  I wonder how that compares to just cooking 
> it at the time?
> 
> Caroline

Caroline, 
I don't have any substantial answers for you.  Or the means of conducting a 
valid 
scientific comparison.  However, your question does niggle away at my mind.

Last night, I used the microwave to heat 250 ml (one cup) of water from room 
temperature (20 degrees C) to boiling (100 degrees C).  That took 2 minutes, 14 
seconds in a 1000-watt rated unit.  Assuming that rating is valid (I have no 
idea 
if it is or not), that suggests that about 134000 watt-seconds (joules) were 
used. 
(127 BTUs or 32 kilocalories).  The definition of calorie is that it is the 
amount 
of energy required to raise one ml of water one degree C.  So, raising 250 ml 
by 80 
degrees should take 20,000 calories or 20 kilocalories.  By this measurement, 
the 
microwave was about 62.5% efficient (32 kilocalories used vs. 20 required 
theoretically).

That's one data point.  I don't have others for using an electric kettle, or a 
conventional kettle on a burner, or our point-of-use "boiling" water dispenser.

I see pros and cons for all methods.  

In the microwave, you will likely measure the precise amount required, so extra 
water won't be heated.  However, the microwave also uses energy to spin the 
turntable, and light the cavity, and run the clock/timer/control panel and 
magnetrons are not noted for their efficiency.

For the conventional kettle, it seems inevitable extra water will be heated, as 
careful measurement is almost never done.  The conventional kettle does not 
capture 
all the heat of the burner, some inevitably escapes down and around the sides.

The electric kettle at least immerses the heating element in the water, so 
little 
of the heat energy goes to anything but heating the water.  No light, no timer, 
no 
turntable, just a mechanical whistle to announce steam is being produced.  The 
one 
I have has a fully-opening top, and measurement markings on the inside, so it 
is 
possible to measure the amount to be heated fairly accurately.

The dispenser has the advantage that the water is ready right now - no waiting. 
 No 
doubt there is an efficiency penalty for the time spent keeping the water ready 
(8 
cups), in spite of it being an immersion heater.  However, it is insulated, and 
the 
outer casing is not even warm to the touch.  (Thermos construction wrapped in 
another layer of insulation, with a ventilated outside cover.)

If I get a watt-hour meter for Christmas, I could be persuaded to do additional 
measurements.

We relented and turned on the furnace today.  Another heating season is upon 
us.  
November is typically a cloudy, cold, wet month here.  Apparently we had snow 
flurries last night, but they were gone by the time I went out just after dawn. 
 I 
expect I will have to drain the seasonal solar water pre-heater very soon.  In 
doesn't gain much in this overcast anyway.

-- 
Darryl McMahon  http://www.econogics.com/
It's your planet.  If you won'