Re: [Biofuel] The Future of the Biofuels mailing list, your input needed.

[Fred Enga, Gaian Bioenergy]

Sorry for the late reply.

I have been a long time lurker on the list and have found most of the topics
useful in keeping me in touch with world happenings, sometimes touching on
my work on non distillation ethanol separation.

I would vote to keep the list alive, and will try to be more active.

Fred Enga
Deroche, BC, Canada

-Original Message-
From: sustainablelorgbiofuel-boun...@lists.sustainablelists.org
[mailto:sustainablelorgbiofuel-boun...@lists.sustainablelists.org] On Behalf
Of Chip Mefford
Sent: November-19-14 4:25 AM
To: Sustainablelorgbiofuel@lists.sustainablelists.org
Subject: [Biofuel] The Future of the Biofuels mailing list, your input
needed.

Good day all;

As of this morning, there are 456 subscribers to this list. 

The recent news of Keith's passing come as sad news to us all and we saw a
tiny uptick in traffic over those few days. Since then, we're back to some
updates on issues that many of us find interesting by Darryl, and not much
else. 

So, I need to hear from you, as in a *lot* of you if you want to see this
list continue. 

The archives are in place, and as of right now, it's the intention to keep
them in place, but I'm uncertain that this list is really serving any
further purpose. 

Keith and I have discussed this very issue many times over the last 5 or so
years.
I offered to host the list in order to keep it going a few years back. But
now that we are no longer blessed with Keith's insights, well, I'm not sure
this list is really relevant. 

So, please respond to this posting with your thoughts. I'll need to hear
from a lot of you. 

--chipper
___
Sustainablelorgbiofuel mailing list
Sustainablelorgbiofuel@lists.sustainablelists.org
http://lists.eruditium.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/sustainablelorgbiofuel

___
Sustainablelorgbiofuel mailing list
Sustainablelorgbiofuel@lists.sustainablelists.org
http://lists.eruditium.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/sustainablelorgbiofuel

Re: [Biofuel] Testing the new list

[Fred Enga, Astechman]

Got it fine thanks

Fred

-Original Message-
From: sustainablelorgbiofuel-boun...@lists.sustainablelists.org
[mailto:sustainablelorgbiofuel-boun...@lists.sustainablelists.org] On Behalf
Of Lauretta Ayers
Sent: October-30-12 1:18 PM
To: sustainablelorgbiofuel@lists.sustainablelists.org
Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Testing the new list

Got it.

>>> Jo  10/30/2012 9:37 AM >>>
Received

Jo Simoes
619-306-5966


On Oct 30, 2012, at 5:54 AM, Chip Mefford  wrote:

> Okay list;
> 
> We're almost there. Keith is having issues posting to the list. 
> 
> I'm supposing this is due to the DNS changes that I made for the new 
> list not fully propagating across everything as of yet.
> 
> Also, the new email address (@lists.sustainability.org, rather than 
> @sustainability.org) isn't filtering into the archive as of yet. So, 
> none of this chatter is being archived as of yet. Which is fine.
> 
> I'd actually appreciate a few echos from you all. My logs show all the 
> email except a small handfull being delivered promptly.
> 
> And Zeke, all I got was a modest amount of rain, wind never topped 
> 20mph. So we're doing fine. Back home in WV, the snow fall is being 
> measured in feet, and is still pounding down. Good be some happy 
> telemarkers this week. But things are going to be messed up, and There
Will Be Flood.
> ___
> Sustainablelorgbiofuel mailing list
> Sustainablelorgbiofuel@lists.sustainablelists.org
> http://lists.eruditium.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/sustainablelorgbio
> fuel
> 
___
Sustainablelorgbiofuel mailing list
Sustainablelorgbiofuel@lists.sustainablelists.org
http://lists.eruditium.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/sustainablelorgbiofuel 

___
Sustainablelorgbiofuel mailing list
Sustainablelorgbiofuel@lists.sustainablelists.org
http://lists.eruditium.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/sustainablelorgbiofuel

___
Sustainablelorgbiofuel mailing list
Sustainablelorgbiofuel@lists.sustainablelists.org
http://lists.eruditium.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/sustainablelorgbiofuel

Re: [Biofuel] Emulsion fuels (diesel)

[Fred Enga]

Hi Darryl,

A few years ago I carried out a multi million dollar evaluation of
chemically emulsified diesel fuels with methanol, ethanol and water
binaries.  These studies included fuel emission profiles and a complete
durability test.  This was in conjunction with Daimler and produced very
interesting results and identified several problem area.  We also completed
a significant program of work to identify which fuel additive were essential
for performance and durability requirements as well as injection system
modifications required for durability.  We studied various levels of binary
addition to the diesel fuel and also carried out complete fuel stability
studies in conjunction with a major oil company.

The tests were carried out at an independent laboratory in Germany and the
entire study was very detailed.

If you wish to PM me, I will bew happy to assist you if you wish.

Regards

Fred Enga
Associated Technology Management Consultants
Vancouver, BC 
Canada
[EMAIL PROTECTED]



-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] On Behalf Of
Darryl McMahon
Sent: June-07-11 6:56 AM
To: sustainablelorgbiofuel@sustainablelists.org
Subject: [Biofuel] Emulsion fuels (diesel)

Does anyone have any experience with water-diesel emulsion fuel?  If so, 
what is your experience with it?

I am working with a group that is just starting investigation of one 
variety.  We got a sample of the emulsified fuel, and burned it in open 
air and then did the same with regular diesel.  The emulsified fuel 
seemed to burn cooler and with much less soot.  This was a 30% water, 
70% diesel mix.  (The emulsifier agent is apparently about 1/100th of 1% 
of the volume.)

I expect we'll be doing more investigation, but I was looking for 
knowledge already acquired by others.

I guess it's time to dig the old Lombardini diesel I salvaged a few 
years ago and see if I can get it to go.  Not only will it allow me to 
do some testing (regular, bio and emulsified diesel), but it is part of 
my long-range plan for charging the 12-volt battery bank for household 
backup power.

So many projects, so little time.

-- 
Darryl McMahon
Author, The Emperor's New Hydrogen Economy

___
Biofuel mailing list
Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/sustainablelorgbiofuel

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (70,000
messages):
http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/


___
Biofuel mailing list
Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/sustainablelorgbiofuel

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (70,000 messages):
http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/

Re: [Biofuel] Fuji to enter hybrid car race

[Fred Enga]

Fuji make Subaru



-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of
Chris Burck
Sent: October-21-09 9:14 AM
To: sustainablelorgbiofuel@sustainablelists.org
Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Fuji to enter hybrid car race

wow, with a 660cc engine, "50 percent more fuel efficient" must refer
to some already very high mpg vehicles.  and of course, fuji isn't in
the u.s. car market. . . .

___
Biofuel mailing list
Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/sustainablelorgbiofuel

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (70,000
messages):
http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/


___
Biofuel mailing list
Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/sustainablelorgbiofuel

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (70,000 messages):
http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/

Re: [Biofuel] sticker on diesel pumps

[Fred Enga]

No, 
there is no need for additional air as diesel exhaust is oxidizing under all 
conditions.  Most of the flow through converters are of the type that 
are extremely efficient at removing hydrocarbons, including the many 
hydrocarbons that are adsorbed onto the particulate.  There is a 
significant reduction in the SOF (soluble organic fraction) which covers most of 
the polyaromatic hydrocarbons.  The carbon fraction (dry soot) is virtually 
untouched and is emitted, but the mass of total particulate is some 30% 
less, depending on the specific engine.
 
There 
are also particulate traps, which physically trap the particulate.  These 
are fussy as they need to regenerate, or burn themselves clean.  The engine 
exhaust is not normally hot enough so several methods are usedelectric 
heating, intake air throttling, mistiming or extra shot changes to the fuel 
injection on electronic controlled engines or the use of 
catalysts.
 
The 
most efficient catalyst system is excellent at keeping the filters clean, but 
has absolutely no tolerance for sulphur, hence the progressive drive to lower 
sulphur.
 
Decent 
biodiesel works well with both the flow through as well as the particulate 
traps.
 
Regards
 
Fred 
Enga, who spend years developing these things

  -Original Message-From: 
  [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
  [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]On Behalf Of Kirk 
  McLorenSent: Monday, August 21, 2006 1:34 PMTo: 
  biofuel@sustainablelists.orgSubject: Re: [Biofuel] sticker on 
  diesel pumpsI assume air injection is incorporated. In 
  that case they finish oxidising.Zeke Yewdall 
  <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: 
  What 
does biodiesel do to the catalytic converters?   No sulfur, but 
how about all the polyaromatic hydrocarbons?Z
On 8/21/06, Logan 
Vilas < [EMAIL PROTECTED]> 
wrote: 

  
  
  
  All new on road 
  vehicles manufactured, for use in the US, in model year 2007 and up must 
  have catalytic converts on them to help reduce exhaust emissions. That 
  includes 18 wheelers. The high sulfur content will plug them; the ULSD 
  will allow the use. 
   
  Logan 
  Vilas
  Bio-Fuel 
  Enterprises, Inc.
   
  
  
  
  
  From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] On Behalf Of vinSent: Sunday, August 20, 2006 8:37 
  AMTo: biofuel@sustainablelists.orgSubject: Re: [Biofuel] sticker on 
  diesel pumps
  
   
  
  Looks like what happened with 
  leaded vs. unleaded gasoline fuel is happening with 
  diesel...
  
   
  
  http://www.kentuckycleanfuels.org/biodiesel/ulsdupdate.pdf
  ___Biofuel 
  mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org 
  Biofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch 
  the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): 
  http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/___Biofuel 
mailing 
listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel 
at Journey to 
Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the 
combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 
messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
  
  
  Talk is cheap. Use Yahoo! Messenger to make PC-to-Phone calls. Great 
  rates starting at 1¢/min.
___
Biofuel mailing list
Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):
http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/

Re: [Biofuel] Biodiesel from wood

[Fred Enga]

If you hydrogenate the tall oil from the wood pulping process you get a very
high cetane diesel fuel that is very clean burning and desirable.

This has been done on and off for years now

Regards

Fred Enga

-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: June 1, 2006 5:17 PM
To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org
Subject: [Biofuel] Biodiesel from wood


Has anyone heard of such a thing? It says "Wood-based biodiesel
production requires the development of new technology." Are they on to
something or are they still working out if this is even possible?

Steve

http://snipurl.com/r8b3

(2006-05-26) Hydro and Norske Skog have agreed to carry out a joint
feasibility study relating to the production of biodiesel from wood.
The intention is to identify the feasibility of establishing a
biodiesel production facility in south-east Norway. Such a plant could
come on stream by 2012 at the earliest.

"We consider ourselves to be natural partners as far as wood-based
biodiesel is concerned. Hydro has wide experience derived from the
construction and operation of major processing plants and from the
quest to find new forms of energy. Norske Skog has considerable
expertise when it comes to wood purchasing and treating wood pulp," say
senior vice president Alexandra Bech Gjørv of Hydro and vice president
Terje Engevik of Norske Skog.

A technically superior product

The production of biodiesel is currently based on rapeseed or other
oil-based raw materials. Wood-based biodiesel production requires the
development of new technology. Once this technology is in place, it
will be possible to offer an even better product than today?s biodiesel.

"Today only a five-percent biodiesel tank mixture is available.
Wood-based biodiesel will give us a technically superior product
without such limitations. By using timber we can also utilize a much
greater proportion of the raw material and considerably reduce
greenhouse gas emissions compared with biodiesel produced from rapeseed
or other plant oils. This means that wood-based biodiesel will be a an
even more environmentally friendly fuel than today?s biodiesel," the
two companies say in a press release.

NEW ENERGY: Alexandra Bech Gjørv is responsible for Hydro's efforts to
develop renewable energy. (Photo: Kåre Foss)


Long road to completion

The road to completion of a possible production plant is, however, a
long one. To begin with, collaboration between the two companies
involves a feasibility study that will primarily provide an overview of
the technologies available in the market, identify the availability of
raw materials, and create a realistic picture of the external governing
conditions that must be in place in order to reach an investment
decision.

"CO2 emissions represent a climate threat that affects all of us, and
we can see that the political will exists to promote biodiesel as an
environmentally friendly alternative to regular fuels. There is great
potential for biodiesel in the market of the future, but if this market
is going to materialize we are in need of a sound, long-term operating
framework from the authorities," state Bech Gjørv and Engevik.


Author: Lars Nermoen
Published: 2006-05-26



___
Biofuel mailing list
Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):
http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/

Re: [Biofuel] Query on MTBE

[Fred Enga]

No, 
That would be MMT, a manganese based octane improver used instead of lead.  
It has less harmful effects than lead, but is still bad.
 
Cheers
 
Fred 
Enga

  -Original Message-From: 
  [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
  [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]On Behalf Of Joe 
  StreetSent: August 30, 2005 6:36 AMTo: 
  Biofuel@sustainablelists.orgSubject: Re: [Biofuel] Query on 
  MTBEI remember hearing something about toxic fuel 
  additives here in Canada years ago.  The story was basically that an 
  additive was known to be harmful and present in exhaust emissions (or some 
  harmful byproduct of combustion of the additive) and it was still being used 
  and the manufacturer was aware of it but declined to comment.  The 
  company was Ethyl corporation.  I just checked their website( http://www.ethyl.com/Operations/index.htm 
  ) but they don't say anything much other than listing gasoline performance 
  additives as a product.  Is it MTBE?  does anyone 
  know?Joesubramanian D.V wrote:
  
Thanks keith, I raised the matter as the petroleum marketing companies 
are introducing slightly costlier petrol with brand names "extra mile", 
"speed petrol" and "premium petrol" etc. the distributors are unable to say 
what is the additive. The marketing company websites are equally vague. And 
now a reputed marketing company imports a huge qty of MTBE , the value added 
petrol is suspect and the citizens must know the hazards associated with it. 

 
Regards
 
SubramanianKeith Addison <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> 
wrote:
Hello 
  SubramanianNot of direct use, like Juan's reply, but this might be 
  useful - factsheet and other resources on MTBE as an oxygenate 
  additive:http://journeytoforever.org/ethanol_mtbe.htmlMTBE 
  Fact SheetBest wishesKeith>Hello 
  Members,>>MTBE – Methyl tertiary butyl ether - an oxygenate 
  for blending with >gasoline in U.S around 1990, acquired a bad 
  reputation quickly >because of its capacity for polluting the 
  environment and affecting >human beings. I understand that the 
  groundwater in most parts of US >has been polluted with MTBE to 
  varying degrees; it was banned in >certain States of US for mixing 
  with gasoline.>>It is banned in India too, as an oxygenate. 
  Can any of you tell me >what could be the possible use of MTBE 
  other than as an oxygenate >additive when a reputed oil refining 
  and marketing company buys 10 >tmt of MTBE from VITOL traders. I 
  want to be doubly sure before >raising this in the Indian 
  Press.Thank 
  you.>>Regards,>>Subramanian___Biofuel 
  mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel 
  at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch 
  the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 
  messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/


Start 
your day with Yahoo! - make it your home page 
___
Biofuel mailing list
Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):
http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/

  
___
Biofuel mailing list
Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):
http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/

RE: [Biofuel] Re: New thread - the Vikings.....

[Fred Enga]

Hello All,

I have refrained from this thread until now.  What you are saying here is a
mish-mash of the Snorri version of the origin of Odin, mixed with the basic
folk movements. Snorri, to keep the Christian Church happy at the time he
transcribed the Sagas etc, stated that Odin and the Aesir moved to
Scandinavia from Troy !!!

To obtain a better historical view, for a start, read the Origins of the
Goths, written by a late day Roman, Jordanes,
http://www.boudicca.de/jordanes0-e.htm  here you can see the names and
locations of the people who were in pre-pre-pre Viking Scandinavia.

Jordanes states clearly the people living in Scandinavia were the long
before the Romans, and we have in Norway Stone age villages, bronze age
villages and Iron age sites.  The Longship design can be see evolving in our
cave drawings totally independent from Rome

Similarly The origins of the Dutch http://www.boudicca.de/frisian1.htm

The original Scandinavian Peoples (there are more than one) arrived in
Norway, Sweden and Denmark some 14,000 years ago from Central point of the
Caucasus.  On the way, they mingled with the Finno Ungaro people and
produced the current blends.

The origins of the runic writing system are different from the origins of
the people, and are indeed common with some runes found in Turkey.

Concerning the development of the longships, the Viking technology is
domestically developed and can be seen in the gradual evolution of the
design from around the Baltic over centuries, and includes the versions that
the Saxons used.  As a further point concerning the Vikings ability to
innovate, visit the State museum in Copenhagen and see the Viking wagon
fitted with wooden roller bearings...nuff said.

If anyone would like to continue this thread, I am more than happy to
continue off line.

Cheers

Fred Enga

-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Hakan Falk
Sent: June 26, 2005 6:00 PM
To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Re: New thread - the Vikings.



Bob,

The Vikings are interesting, also because they were very good in
physiological
warfare. I did find an article about that they probably came from the
middle east,
but it is in Swedish,
http://www.fof.se/?id=043jPress
It is a well known and reputable Swedish research publication. Unfortunately
I
could not find the Turkish site in English or any English site. The English
are
always talking about The Vikings with origin from the Nordic countries and
the
period after 800 ac.

It says that a new and very probable theory is that the writings on the
stones
from the Vikings, use the written language of nabateic and that it is
probable
that the Vikings origin is Middle East and the area which now is Sinai,
Jordan
and South of Israel. The article says that it is possible that the Vikings
came
from Roman support troops, with long bows, which were not used in Europe
at the time, but for the Vikings. It says that if these theories are right,
it was
a 1000 men Roman troop with long bows, stationed at the Northern border of
the Roman Empire and this support troop was coming from the area that used
nabateic language. This explains in that case that the Turks can read what
the
Vikings wrote and on a more basic plane, why my name is Hakan.

The Vikings also had a special name for Constantinopel (Miklagård) which was
an important trading point for them and it is many "sagas" about the Vikings
visits. Miklagård meant "the big city" for the Vikings.

I am talking about the origin of the Vikings and that is before 400-800 ac
and
you are referring to the history of the Vikings 800-1100 ac.

Hakan


At 02:06 AM 6/27/2005, you wrote:
>Hi Hakan,
>  The Vikings have an intriguing history (if you don't mind
>my putting in my twopence worth). Originally a collection of pagan
>seafarers, the Vikings developed into a military force when they struck
easy
>pickings in the wake of the Roman pullout from their northern colonies,
>including England. From about the Eighth Century onwards, driven by
>overpopulation at home and attracted by the relative helplessness of the
>abandoned Roman colonies, they spilled out from the Scandinavian
homelands -
>today demarcated by Denmark, Norway and Sweden - in small fleets of war
>canoes that swept across much of the known world.
>In Europe, mostly around the sea coasts, they raped, pillaged and destroyed
>much of the post-Roman culture, bringing about the so-called Dark Ages in
>which literacy was kept alive in a few isolated monastries that escaped the
>invaders.
>They invaded the British isles in force and also set up settlements in
>Greenland, Iceland and North America. Their kings ruled in Ireland, England
>and Scotland and also held sway over the Atlantic Ocean islands of the
>Orkneys, the Faroes, the Shetlands and the Isle of Man. The Duchy of
>Normandy in France was founded by

RE: [Biofuel] US Ethanol fuel savings

[Fred Enga]

Ethanol produces more energy than it takes to produce, says U.S. analysis

ARGONNE, Illinois, US, April 20, 2005 Ethanol generates 35% more energy than
it takes to produce, due to the use of solar energy to grow the corn,
according to a study by Argonne National Laboratory.

"We believe (the study) has laid to rest some long-held misunderstandings
about ethanol and its important role in reducing America's reliance on
imported oil and our greenhouse gas emissions," the U.S. Department of
Energy concludes in a study by researcher Michael Wang. "In terms of key
energy and environmental benefits, cornstarch ethanol comes out clearly
ahead of petroleum-based fuels."

DOE's Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy says the study should
help quell debate about the net energy balance of ethanol, and will
reinforce that production of the corn-based fuel yields a net energy gain.
Earlier research by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Michigan State
University, Colorado School of Mines, Institute for Local Self-Reliance and
others concluded that ethanol has a positive net energy balance, and a USDA
study in 2004 found that ethanol may net as much as 67% more energy than it
takes to produce.

In the last ten years, only two studies (both conducted by Cornell
University entomologist David Pimentel) have found the net energy balance of
ethanol to be negative.

"Some of the confusion arises over the fact that some of the total energy
used in the production of ethanol is 'free' solar energy used to grow the
corn in the first place," the report notes. "Since the solar energy is free,
renewable and environmentally benign, we shouldn't care."

Ethanol also has a positive benefit in the reduction of greenhouse gas
emissions, Wang found, with corn ethanol reducing GHG emissions by 18% to
29% on a per-gallon basis.

The United States consumes 3 billion gallons of fuel ethanol a year, second
to Brazil, with most produced from corn and most blended with gasoline.
Congress is considering legislation to increase fuel ethanol use to 5
billion gallons a year.

Since fuel ethanol was first used in the early 1980s, there have been
debates about whether corn-based ethanol provides energy benefits. Some
critics argue that it has a negative energy balance (the energy in ethanol
itself minus fossil energy used for corn farming and ethanol production).

Argonne is one of the research centres of the U.S. Department of Energy.

-
Fred Enga


-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Behalf Of Keith Addison
Sent: April 21, 2005 11:57 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: [Biofuel] US Ethanol fuel savings


Hi Mike

It sounds like you're pitting reason against closed minds, which
could be futile, facts just bounce off. "It is impossible to reason
someone out of something that they did not reason themselves into in
the first place." (Jonathan Swift) Not sure I agree though -
difficult, not impossible.

You'll have to do some digging, not sure where you could find it all
on a plate. There are some good resources here, and I've added a few
more recently:

http://journeytoforever.org/ethanol_link.html
Ethanol resources on the Web

See "General information".

By the way, Mathewson's Alcohol Manual is informative:

The Manual for the Home and Farm Production of Alcohol Fuel
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel_library/ethanol_manual/manual_ToC.html

Quite a lot about ethanol in the library.

Strength to yer arm, hope this helps. Facts aside, I think you need
to think of ways to make them want to believe that maybe fossil fuels
aren't the greatest and ethanol is jolly nice stuff.

All best

Keith


>Agh!
>
>I'm glad somebody posted this because the debate about ethanol is
>prompting a flurry of misleading information that is causing a great
>deal of confusion (maybe intentionally so) and frustration for me.
>
>In addition to the cost argument mentioned in this thread, I've
>heard the following arguments pieced together by those who oppose
>ethanol production.
>
>1.) It takes seven gallons of ethanol for every one gallon of
>gasoline to get you from point "A" to point "B" (even if true it
>completely misses the point that oil WILL run out and that ethanol
>is a viable alternative and I need to explain how).
>
>2.) Ethanol production produces carbon dioxide (ignoring the waste
>products of cracking crude oil and the CO2 absorbed by the crops
>which will later become ethanol).
>
>3.) Ethanol emits dangerous levels of formaldehyde (what?!).
>
>4.) Ethanol produces equal amounts of pollutants as gasoline (I
>repeatedly mention Brazil as an example of smog reduction with no
>effect on the listener).
>
>I wish I could find something out there from a well known source
>that addresses thes

[Biofuel] Hybrid Vehicles in real life

[Fred Enga]

Hybrid cars shine in city stop and go, report shows

Vancouver, November 18, 2004 - A new report on the performance of 100 hybrid
electric vehicles has documented substantially lower fuel costs and
reductions in air pollution, with some owners reporting up to 60 percent
savings when using hybrids compared to the vehicles they replaced.

The report released today by Fleet Challenge BC, a program of the Fraser
Basin Council, concluded 3hybrids appear to be well suited to stop and go
applications like urban commuting, taxis, and couriers.2  The report's
researchers says its findings will be of particular interest to consumers
and vehicle fleet managers looking to save on fuel costs while reducing
greenhouse gases and other harmful emissions.

North America's two highest mileage hybrid taxis logged 675,000 kilometres
during the past three years without problems, the report said.

The B.C. government, which operates a fleet of 61 2001 Toyota Prius
vehicles, the largest hybrid fleet in Canada, reported an average fuel
efficiency of 5.8 litres per 100 kilometres during 2.5 million kilometres of
driving throughout the province.

3As Minister responsible for government1s fleet, I look for opportunities
that encourage the use of greener, more fuel-efficient vehicles,2 said
Management Services Minister Joyce Murray. 3The results of the Hybrid
Experience Report will be useful as B.C. continues to demonstrate leadership
in reducing emissions and fuel costs across ministries.2

"Transportation accounts for about 25 percent of Canada's greenhouse gas
emissions, the main contributor to climate change," said the Honourable R.
John Efford, Minister of Natural Resources Canada.  "Initiatives like Fleet
Challenge BC and this report are important in two ways. First, they educate
Canadian fleet managers about hybrid vehicles. Second, they show that hybrid
technology can have both environmental and economic benefits, and help
Canada effectively respond to climate change."

"The City of Vancouver is very excited to be part of this study," says David
Cadman Councillor for the City of Vancouver and GVRD Director. "Increasing
the use of hybrid vehicles is one measure that will help the City of
Vancouver meet our Cool Vancouver goals for reducing greenhouse gas
emissions."

BC Hydro recently added nine hybrid vehicles to its fleet and already they
are making a significant contribution to the bottom line, said Bruce
Sampson, Vice-President of Sustainability, BC Hydro, who added: 3We'll be
sharing our operating experience with these vehicles through the Hybrid
Experience Report.2


The Report provides information on hybrid vehicles currently in production
by major manufacturers, including the Honda Insight, Toyota Prius, Ford
Escape, Honda Civic Hybrid, and Chevrolet Silverado truck, plus commercial
vehicles such as delivery trucks and transit buses. The Report noted that an
additional 15 hybrid vehicle models will be introduced by manufacturers
between 2005 and 2007.

The Report is available on the website www.hybridexperience.ca
  .

The Report's website has many features that will help users become better
informed about current models, the technology behind them and how well each
model has performed in terms of both fuel use and emissions. The website
also makes available easy to use calculators that enable consumers and fleet
managers to assess and compare hybrids to other vehicles in terms of fuel
use, greenhouse gas emissions and total cost of ownership.

The preparation of the report was supported by VanCity Credit Union, Greater
Vancouver Regional District, Natural Resources Canada, City of Vancouver, BC
Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection, Alberta's Climate Change
Central, BC Hydro, and the Fraser Basin Council's Fleet Challenge BC and BC
Climate Exchange programs.

- 30 -

Hybrid Experience Report Website www.hybridexperience.ca



For more information contact:

Jim Vanderwal, Program Manager, Fraser Basin Council
Phone: (604) 488-5359
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]



___
Biofuel mailing list
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable):
http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/

RE: [Biofuel] Re: ETHANOL USE IN DIESEL ENGINES

[Fred Enga]

>
>that last link is pretty interesting... I have heard of emulsion
>systems that mix water with petrol-diesel.  I wonder if an emulsion
>system would work with ethanol and biodiesel?

If you visit our website www.gaianbioenergy.com you can read all of the
results we have from hydrated ethanol or methanol emulsions in diesel fuel,
including very comprehensive emission tests that were conducted by FEV in
Germany.  We have been producing and running Diesohol for many years now,
and are starting commercialisation in Australia

Regards

Fred Enga


___
Biofuel mailing list
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable):
http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/

RE: [biofuel] A question about lignine

[Fred Enga]

Hello All.

The lignin by product of the acid hydrolysis is not a poison.  We produce
ethanol from wood residue using the Gaian process of concentrated sulphuric
acid hydrolysis.  The Lignin is the carbon skeleton of the wood and has
similar properties to Charcoal. In some processes a lignin sulphate compound
is formed, but not in this process - that's more associated with the Kraft
and sulphite paper industry.  These versions of lignin find uses in the
manufacture of resins, other forms of lignin are used as binders for road
surfacing.

In our process we find the best use to be as a fuel, in fact we power our
complete process using the combustion of the lignin produced in the
hydrolysis stage, with a significant energy production over our requirements
that we can produce electricity with the surplus steam.

Concerning the reuse of the sulphuric acid, we recover and reuse, after
reconcentrating it.  Unfortunately we use a simulated moving bed
chromatography process which is not 'suitable' for home use.  The older was
is to sacrifice the acid by neutralising it with lime which give a gypsum
by-product which has little to no further use.

For those who want a little more info on ethanol production from wood
residue, there is a fairly detailed process review on our website
www.gaianbioenergy.com

Hope this helps

Regards

Fred Enga

-Original Message-
From: Pieter Koole
Sent: February 27, 2004 7:27 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Re: [biofuel] A question about lignine


Thanks Ken,
I hope I don't insult anybody, but as far as I remember I found the way to
make ethanol out of sawdust on journeytoforever.
If the process produces poison material, why would it be on this site ?

Met vriendelijke groeten,
Pieter Koole


The information contained in this message (including attachments) is
confidential, and is intended for the addressee(s)
only.  If you have received this message in error please delete it and
notify the originator immediately.  The unauthorized use, disclosure,
copying or alteration of this message is strictly forbidden. We will not be
liable for direct, special, indirect or
consequential damages arising from alteration of the contents of this
message by a third party or in case of electronic communications as a result
of any virus being passed on.


- Original Message -
From: "Ken Provost" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: 
Sent: Saturday, February 28, 2004 4:03 AM
Subject: Re: [biofuel] A question about lignine


> on 2/27/04 10:48 AM, Pieter Koole at [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
> > Hi all,
> > I am making ethanol on a very very small
> > scale ( experimenting a bit ) from
> > newspapers etc.
> > What is the best thing to do with the
> > black stuff ( lignine isn't it ? ). Is
> > it poison ? Can I use it somehow?
>
>
>
> In general, any organic mixture that's BLACK
> is toxic, probly carcinogenic. Blackness is
> caused by multiple aromatic fused rings --
> polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, of which
> graphite is the extreme version. Do a Google
> search on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
>
>
>
> > Is there a way to re-use the sulphuric
> > acid (98%)
>
>
>
> I don't think so
>
>
>
> > Does anyone know whether
> > alcohol can be dried by
> > electrolysis ?
>
>
>
> I've never heard of it -- doesn't mean it's
> not possible somehow, but I doubt it  -K
>




Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
Yahoo! Groups Links

<*> To visit your group on the web, go to:
 http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/

<*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
 [EMAIL PROTECTED]

<*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to:
 http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
 

RE: [biofuel] Another reason to get off petrol!

[Fred Enga]

We get 80 gallons ethanol/dry metric ton of wood waste

Fred Enga
Gaian Bioenergy

-Original Message-
From: Martin Klingensmith [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: December 1, 2003 9:12 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Re: [biofuel] Another reason to get off petrol!


I have seen this many times and I thought I should voice my skepticism.
Think about it. 98 *tons* of material per *gallon*. Someone either
forgot several decimal places, or is making a really bad comparison. How
many pounds of organic material can we use in an acid hydrolysis method
to produce a gallon of ethanol? I'm guessing it's less than 100 pounds.
Does anyone have any better details for this?

Paul B.Schmidt wrote:

>Pulled this from a geography list serve I'm on. Standard reading for us
>but nice to know other groups are getting the word out.
>http://www.eurekalert.org/pub%5Freleases/2003%2D10/uou%2Dbm9102603.php
>
>Bad Mileage: 98 tons of plants per gallon
>
>Study shows vast amounts of 'buried sunshine' needed to fuel society
>
>Oct. 27, 2003 – A staggering 98 tons of prehistoric, buried plant
>material – that's 196,000 pounds – is required to produce each gallon of
>gasoline we burn in our cars, SUVs, trucks and other vehicles, according
>to a study conducted at the University of Utah.
>"Can you imagine loading 40 acres worth of wheat – stalks, roots and all
>– into the tank of your car or SUV every 20 miles?" asks ecologist Jeff
>Dukes, whose study will be published in the November issue of the
>journal Climatic Change.
>But that's how much ancient plant matter had to be buried millions of
>years ago and converted by pressure, heat and time into oil to produce
>one gallon of gas, Dukes concluded.
>Dukes also calculated that the amount of fossil fuel burned in a single
>year – 1997 was used in the study – totals 97 million billion pounds of
>carbon, which is equivalent to more than 400 times "all the plant matter
>that grows in the world in a year," including vast amounts of
>microscopic plant life in the oceans.
>"Every day, people are using the fossil fuel equivalent of all the plant
>matter that grows on land and in the oceans over the course of a whole
>
>
...

--
--
Martin Klingensmith
http://infoarchive.net/
http://nnytech.net/




Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/




 Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-->
Buy Ink Cartridges or Refill Kits for your HP, Epson, Canon or Lexmark
Printer at MyInks.com. Free s/h on orders $50 or more to the US & Canada.
http://www.c1tracking.com/l.asp?cid=5511
http://us.click.yahoo.com/mOAaAA/3exGAA/qnsNAA/FGYolB/TM
-~->

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ 

RE: [biofuel] Need Cetane Help

[Fred Enga]

We have seen this kind of problem with trace methanol inducing vapour lock
injection delays.  Micro bubbles due to the vapour are required to be
collapsed before the full hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the injector.

When this is happening, all cetane results are bogus.  This is especially
true if the test work is carried out on a Ricardo Hydra engine.

Fred Enga
Astechman Energy Inc

-Original Message-
From: Craig Pech [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: May 8, 2003 4:45 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Re: [biofuel] Need Cetane Help


> craig - I am sure sure of the answer to your question, but would you mind
telling me where you sent your fuel to be tested, what quantities you needed
to send in and how much it cost

Analytical Testing Services
Franklin, PA

2 liters

About $780

Craig




Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/




 Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-->
Rent DVDs from home.
Over 14,500 titles. Free Shipping
& No Late Fees. Try Netflix for FREE!
http://us.click.yahoo.com/BVVfoB/hP.FAA/uetFAA/FGYolB/TM
-~->

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ 

[biofuel] FW: Methanol to Africa

[Fred Enga]

My European supplier is fully prepared to support biodiesel activities.
Here's his reply concerning an earlier posting to this list requesting
methanol.  Thomas usually will try to supply reasonable quantities to most
parts of the world.

Fred Enga
-Original Message-
From: VLC GmbH [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: February 13, 2003 8:28 AM
To: 'Tim Cassidy'
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Gambia


Hello Tim,



Faster than promised I can give you the final details for a methanol
delivery to Gambia.



We can offer you 50 drums of 160 kg each, stored in 1 container but without
pallets, delivered Banjul. (In case you need pallets we need 2 containers
for the 50 drums)

We would need around 3 weeks for the preparation plus 3 weeks voyage to
Banjul. Your job would be only to empty the container and to return it to
the port of Banjul.



All in all our price for this service is à 6.560,00 unfortunately with
payment in advance.



Please let me know your comments.



Best regards



Thomas Mattis

VLC - GmbH

Bahnstrasse 30 - 32

Fon: + 49 6103 922 409




[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ 

RE: [biofuel] methanol to Africa

[Fred Enga]

Hello Tim,

I have had a positive response from one of our methanol distributors in
Germany, who has expressed interest in meeting your requirements.

The contact is

Thomas Mattis
VLC - GmbH
Bahnstrasse 30 - 32
Fon: + 49 6103 922 409
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Hope this helps you

Fred Enga

-Original Message-
From: Tim Cassidy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: February 6, 2003 10:17 AM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [biofuel] methanol to Africa


I need to get between 5,000 and 10,000 liters of methanol per month to
Banjul, The Gambia, West Africa, for a Biodiesel project. I've tried
to contact a number of methanol producers in the U.S. and Europe, but
I've been told that the quantity I need is too small for them to deal
with, or that they don't ship to that region. Any suggestions?

Tim



Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/



Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ 

FW: [biofuel] More on Australia and Ethanol and Engine Damage Claims

[Fred Enga]

A little more behind the dumb idea to add more than 10% to gasoline.

Fred Enga
---
Australia: Government Fuel Link Denied
Oct 25, 2002 - The Sunday Mail - Link to Story


The nation's biggest ethanol producer, The Manildra Group, has denied it
bought favours from the Federal Government over a delayed decision on
capping ethanol levels in fuel. The head of Manildra, Dick Honan, said today
the Government could not be bought. Mr Honan said Prime Minister John Howard
never promised him that nothing would be done to harm the company's
interests. "Absolutely not," Mr Honan told ABC radio. "In fact, we haven't
gained anything in relation to the recent changes that have been made. "We
now pay the full excise and get a production subsidy back. "We have gained
nothing." Labor said Mr Honan told the ethanol task force meeting in April
Mr Howard gave him a commitment to conduct vehicle trials of higher ethanol
blends. But Mr Honan said he was not in the business of buying favours and
decisions were not based on his contributions to coalition coffers.


-Original Message-
From: Fred Enga [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: October 11, 2002 6:25 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com; biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com
Subject: RE: [biofuel] More on Australia and Ethanol and Engine Damage
Claims


The situation in Australia is a complex mess of greed and miss-information.

The 10% limit is well proven and accepted by the engine manufacturers.  The
problem started when certain vested interests in the ethanol business
allowed some cowboy outfits to start blending higher than 10%.  This was
driven by a desire to sell more ethanol.  All of the reputable parties have
accepted the 10% limit, but this gets stretched by the fact that 20+% is
used in Brazil.  The problem is that the Brazilian vehicles are specially
built to handle this level - Australian vehicles are not.

There is good scientific data, some of which paid fro by the Aussie
government that demonstrates a safe 10% limit.

This is yet another case where a small number of cowboys jeopardise and
entire fuel's reputation.

The solution is to move quickly to impose a 10% limit, but unfortunately the
government bodies are moving slowly (consensus building).

Fred Enga (caught up in this mess)

-Original Message-
From: murdoch [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: October 11, 2002 5:16 PM
To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com
Cc: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [biofuel] More on Australia and Ethanol and Engine Damage
Claims


I don't know who "NRMA" is, but it looks like they are partly behind
this attempt to limit ethanol mixing in Australia.  I don't know
enough about ethanol in cars to look at their arguments.



http://au.news.yahoo.com/021011/2/gc4r.html

Friday October 11, 06:19 PM

Hughes urges calm on ethanol debate


A service station industry proponent today called for calm over claims
ethanol would destroy engines and void warranties on cars.

Former Service Station Association chief executive Kevin Hughes, who
is now managing director HEH Australian Petroleum Consultancy, said
the claims were unproven and were hurting small business operators and
the environment.

But the Labor Party maintained its concerns about the fuel additive,
again urging the government to cap ethanol content in petrol at 10 per
cent while requiring warning stickers at bowsers.

Labor this week released a Caltex survey of independent service
stations in Sydney and Wollongong which found 14 of 21 sites sold
petrol that included more than 10 per cent ethanol.

Car manufacturers have warned it will void warranties on vehicles
which use petrol containing more than 10 per cent ethanol, arguing it
damages fuel lines and overall engines.

The government has failed to act on recommendations from the
Australian Consumer and Competition Commission to at least require
warnings on high ethanol content fuels.

Excise has been introduced on ethanol, but domestically produced
product receives a full 38 cents a litre rebate.

Mr Hughes said there was no evidence to support the car manufacturers
claims of damage caused by high-ethanol fuels.

"There seems to be great damage being done unfairly to a product that
is environmentally-friendly and of great use to Australia," he said.

"Ethanol (in fuel) has been around at up to 20 per cent for years.

"Some car manufacturers are pushing that ethanol is not good, but with
no factual basis for doing so."

But NRMA boss Rob Carter said motorists deserved to know what they
were putting into their vehicles.

"It is disturbing to find some petrol stations selling 20 to 22 per
cent," he told Channel Seven.

"The fuel system - that's where ethanol can impact. It can damage fuel
filters, it can cause coughing and slow starting in the morning, even
vaporising in summer."

Opposition Leader Simon Crean said there was obvious tension wit

RE: [biofuel] More on Australia and Ethanol and Engine Damage Claims

[Fred Enga]

A little more behind the dumb idea to add more than 10% to gasoline.

Fred Enga
---
Australia: Government Fuel Link Denied
Oct 25, 2002 - The Sunday Mail - Link to Story


The nation's biggest ethanol producer, The Manildra Group, has denied it
bought favours from the Federal Government over a delayed decision on
capping ethanol levels in fuel. The head of Manildra, Dick Honan, said today
the Government could not be bought. Mr Honan said Prime Minister John Howard
never promised him that nothing would be done to harm the company's
interests. "Absolutely not," Mr Honan told ABC radio. "In fact, we haven't
gained anything in relation to the recent changes that have been made. "We
now pay the full excise and get a production subsidy back. "We have gained
nothing." Labor said Mr Honan told the ethanol task force meeting in April
Mr Howard gave him a commitment to conduct vehicle trials of higher ethanol
blends. But Mr Honan said he was not in the business of buying favours and
decisions were not based on his contributions to coalition coffers.


-Original Message-
From: Fred Enga [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: October 11, 2002 6:25 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com; biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com
Subject: RE: [biofuel] More on Australia and Ethanol and Engine Damage
Claims


The situation in Australia is a complex mess of greed and miss-information.

The 10% limit is well proven and accepted by the engine manufacturers.  The
problem started when certain vested interests in the ethanol business
allowed some cowboy outfits to start blending higher than 10%.  This was
driven by a desire to sell more ethanol.  All of the reputable parties have
accepted the 10% limit, but this gets stretched by the fact that 20+% is
used in Brazil.  The problem is that the Brazilian vehicles are specially
built to handle this level - Australian vehicles are not.

There is good scientific data, some of which paid fro by the Aussie
government that demonstrates a safe 10% limit.

This is yet another case where a small number of cowboys jeopardise and
entire fuel's reputation.

The solution is to move quickly to impose a 10% limit, but unfortunately the
government bodies are moving slowly (consensus building).

Fred Enga (caught up in this mess)

-Original Message-
From: murdoch [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: October 11, 2002 5:16 PM
To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com
Cc: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [biofuel] More on Australia and Ethanol and Engine Damage
Claims


I don't know who "NRMA" is, but it looks like they are partly behind
this attempt to limit ethanol mixing in Australia.  I don't know
enough about ethanol in cars to look at their arguments.



http://au.news.yahoo.com/021011/2/gc4r.html

Friday October 11, 06:19 PM

Hughes urges calm on ethanol debate


A service station industry proponent today called for calm over claims
ethanol would destroy engines and void warranties on cars.

Former Service Station Association chief executive Kevin Hughes, who
is now managing director HEH Australian Petroleum Consultancy, said
the claims were unproven and were hurting small business operators and
the environment.

But the Labor Party maintained its concerns about the fuel additive,
again urging the government to cap ethanol content in petrol at 10 per
cent while requiring warning stickers at bowsers.

Labor this week released a Caltex survey of independent service
stations in Sydney and Wollongong which found 14 of 21 sites sold
petrol that included more than 10 per cent ethanol.

Car manufacturers have warned it will void warranties on vehicles
which use petrol containing more than 10 per cent ethanol, arguing it
damages fuel lines and overall engines.

The government has failed to act on recommendations from the
Australian Consumer and Competition Commission to at least require
warnings on high ethanol content fuels.

Excise has been introduced on ethanol, but domestically produced
product receives a full 38 cents a litre rebate.

Mr Hughes said there was no evidence to support the car manufacturers
claims of damage caused by high-ethanol fuels.

"There seems to be great damage being done unfairly to a product that
is environmentally-friendly and of great use to Australia," he said.

"Ethanol (in fuel) has been around at up to 20 per cent for years.

"Some car manufacturers are pushing that ethanol is not good, but with
no factual basis for doing so."

But NRMA boss Rob Carter said motorists deserved to know what they
were putting into their vehicles.

"It is disturbing to find some petrol stations selling 20 to 22 per
cent," he told Channel Seven.

"The fuel system - that's where ethanol can impact. It can damage fuel
filters, it can cause coughing and slow starting in the morning, even
vaporising in summer."

Opposition Leader Simon Crean said there was obvious tension wit

RE: [biofuel] Hydrated ethanol/diesel fuel blends

[Fred Enga]

This is a rather old report.  For updated details our site
www.gaianbioenergy.com has detailed technical data on this Diesohol,
including emission results

Fred Enga

-Original Message-
From: Keith Addison [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: October 10, 2002 7:22 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Cc: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [biofuel] Hydrated ethanol/diesel fuel blends


http://www.eidn.com.au/energyerdcemulsions.htm

Emulsions of Hydrated Ethanol in Hydrocarbon Fuels
By Apace Research Ltd

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Accountability

Project Need

In response to adverse environmental impacts from mass consumption of
fossil petroleum fuels as well as international crude oil reserves
being finite, most countries are attempting to find answers to
meeting future demand for fuel for transport. Internationally there
is growing acceptance that renewable ethanol fuel produced from
biomass, with its associated environmental benefits, will be the
transport fuel of choice for the future. In the United States, Brazil
and Sweden there is already widespread use of ethanol fuel and/or
ethanol/petroleum fuel blends, while in many other countries,
including Australia, such blends are being introduced.

Ethanol/petroleum fuel blends directly address vehicle emissions and
transport fuel security of supply issues. In addition to reducing
currently regulated vehicle emissions, the renewable ethanol content
of these fuels can result in a net reduction in the emission of
carbon dioxide. Use of ethanol/petroleum fuel blends initially in the
existing vehicle fleet is essential to develop the technology and
infrastructure necessary to support widescale production and use of
ethanol fuel. This project addresses the need to optimise the
physicochemical properties of ethanol/petroleum fuel blends, to
ensure that the maximum possible environmental and economic benefits
are derived from the use of such blends.

Project Objectives

The project objectives were in two main parts:

Part (a)

To optimise the chemistry of the copolymers comprising the DALCO
emulsifier for use by fuel distributors in order to increase the
specific activity of those copolymers and reduce the cost of hydrated
ethanol/diesel fuel emulsion production.

Part (b)

To optimise the chemistry of the copolymers comprising the DALCO
emulsifier initially for use by researchers and regulatory
authorities to produce stable emulsions of hydrated ethanol in petrol
in order to identify any advantageous physicochemical properties of
such hydrated ethanol/petrol emulsions compared with the properties
of conventional anhydrous ethanol/petrol solutions.

Findings and Conclusions

It is Concluded from the results of this project that the lowest cost
method of manufacturing PEOPS copolymer, the major constituent of the
DALCO emulsifier, produces a product with high specific activity. The
indicated cost of the optimised DALCO emulsifier in commercial scale
quantities is below $1,000 per tonne. At $1,000 per tonne, the
emulsifier contributes approximately 1.3 cents to the per litre cost
of hyd.ethanol/diesel emulsion. This cost is less than for previous
DALCO formulations and is considered likely to prove economically
viable. It is also concluded that potential problems in the
commercial use of hyd.ethanol/diesel emulsion have been overcome by
optimisation of the DALCO emulsifier.

The DALCO emulsifier can also produce hyd.ethanol/petrol emulsion
with potential advantageous physicochemical properties compared to
anhyd.ethanol/petrol solution.

Applications

Emulsions of hydrated ethanol in petroleum fuels directly address
vehicle exhaust emissions and transport fuel security of supply
issues of growing international concern. Most importantly, the
renewable ethanol content of these fuels can result in a net
reduction in the emission of carbon dioxide.

Exhaust emissions from diesel engines are a major contributor to air
pollution in urban centres in both developed and developing
countries. The negative impact of diesel engine exhaust emissions on
air quality and human health are now widely recognised. In developed
countries authorities such as the Environmental Protection Agencies
(EPA's) are increasingly regulating diesel engine exhaust emissions
through new emissions standards for diesel engines.

Hydrated ethanol/diesel fuel emulsion, or "diesohol", represents a
new and potentially cost effective option for significantly reducing
particulate and NOx emissions from diesel engines, both in developed
and developing countries. Internationally there is considerable
potential for both short and long term applications of the diesohol
technology. This is in large part due to diesohol being compatible
with the existing fuel/vehicle infrastructure. Existing unmodified
diesel engined vehicles can use diesohol interchangeably with diesel
fuel. Moreover, diesohol is also compatible with and enhances any
emissions reductions achieved by advances in diesel engine de

RE: [biofuel] More on Australia and Ethanol and Engine Damage Claims

[Fred Enga]

The situation in Australia is a complex mess of greed and miss-information.

The 10% limit is well proven and accepted by the engine manufacturers.  The
problem started when certain vested interests in the ethanol business
allowed some cowboy outfits to start blending higher than 10%.  This was
driven by a desire to sell more ethanol.  All of the reputable parties have
accepted the 10% limit, but this gets stretched by the fact that 20+% is
used in Brazil.  The problem is that the Brazilian vehicles are specially
built to handle this level - Australian vehicles are not.

There is good scientific data, some of which paid fro by the Aussie
government that demonstrates a safe 10% limit.

This is yet another case where a small number of cowboys jeopardise and
entire fuel's reputation.

The solution is to move quickly to impose a 10% limit, but unfortunately the
government bodies are moving slowly (consensus building).

Fred Enga (caught up in this mess)

-Original Message-
From: murdoch [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: October 11, 2002 5:16 PM
To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com
Cc: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [biofuel] More on Australia and Ethanol and Engine Damage
Claims


I don't know who "NRMA" is, but it looks like they are partly behind
this attempt to limit ethanol mixing in Australia.  I don't know
enough about ethanol in cars to look at their arguments.



http://au.news.yahoo.com/021011/2/gc4r.html

Friday October 11, 06:19 PM

Hughes urges calm on ethanol debate


A service station industry proponent today called for calm over claims
ethanol would destroy engines and void warranties on cars.

Former Service Station Association chief executive Kevin Hughes, who
is now managing director HEH Australian Petroleum Consultancy, said
the claims were unproven and were hurting small business operators and
the environment.

But the Labor Party maintained its concerns about the fuel additive,
again urging the government to cap ethanol content in petrol at 10 per
cent while requiring warning stickers at bowsers.

Labor this week released a Caltex survey of independent service
stations in Sydney and Wollongong which found 14 of 21 sites sold
petrol that included more than 10 per cent ethanol.

Car manufacturers have warned it will void warranties on vehicles
which use petrol containing more than 10 per cent ethanol, arguing it
damages fuel lines and overall engines.

The government has failed to act on recommendations from the
Australian Consumer and Competition Commission to at least require
warnings on high ethanol content fuels.

Excise has been introduced on ethanol, but domestically produced
product receives a full 38 cents a litre rebate.

Mr Hughes said there was no evidence to support the car manufacturers
claims of damage caused by high-ethanol fuels.

"There seems to be great damage being done unfairly to a product that
is environmentally-friendly and of great use to Australia," he said.

"Ethanol (in fuel) has been around at up to 20 per cent for years.

"Some car manufacturers are pushing that ethanol is not good, but with
no factual basis for doing so."

But NRMA boss Rob Carter said motorists deserved to know what they
were putting into their vehicles.

"It is disturbing to find some petrol stations selling 20 to 22 per
cent," he told Channel Seven.

"The fuel system - that's where ethanol can impact. It can damage fuel
filters, it can cause coughing and slow starting in the morning, even
vaporising in summer."

Opposition Leader Simon Crean said there was obvious tension within
the government over the issue, with Trade Minister Mark Vaile backing
a 10 per cent limit on ethanol.

He said Prime Minister John Howard had to back a cap on ethanol for
the sake of motorists and boat owners.

"People have got to know it's in there," he told Sky News.

"We've produced evidence in parliament that shows that motor
manufacturers say that engines can't be kept under warranty if more
than 10 per cent is used.

"That's putting motorists' cars at risk for anything over 10 per
cent."



Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/



 Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-->
Plan to Sell a Home?
http://us.click.yahoo.com/J2SnNA/y.lEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM
-~->

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ 

RE: Cost of gasoline etc, was - Re: [biofuel] Re: Legal Obstacles for Biodiesel

[Fred Enga]

I tend to use this link for energy matters related to the multitude of
plants.

It's very detailed, but remains the best energy crop report that I've found

http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/dukeindex.html

Cheers

Fred Enga

-Original Message-
From: Keith Addison [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: October 10, 2002 11:56 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Cost of gasoline etc, was - Re: [biofuel] Re: Legal Obstacles
for Biodiesel


> I'm looking for information on three points. 1st I need an idea of where
to
>look for oil content of various plants, 2nd,  information of the  cost of
>gasoline
>compared to various alternative energy sources...cradle to grave, and 3rd,
>the impact on the economy of reducing the production and use of petroleum
>based fuels.
>John Busby

Not content, but yields, which might help:

Vegetable oil yields:
-- ascending order
-- alphabetical order
Other oil crops
http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_yield.html
Vegetable oil yields, characteristics: Journey to Forever

Check out the databases in "Other oil crops".

Information on oil content for various crops here:
http://idh.vita.org/pubs/docs/upe.html
Understanding Pressure Extraction of Vegetable Oils

On point 2, this will either help or complicate:

Friday December 5, 1997 1:38 pm Eastern Time
Company Press Release
SOURCE: Fuels for the Future
'True Cost' of Middle East Oil Exceeds $100 Per Barrel, U.S. Desert
Storm Military Leader Says; Ethanol Cleans Air In Brazil

NEW YORK, Dec. 5 /PRNewswire/ -- Wall Street Journal readers have
been straightened out on the benefits of domestic ethanol, and it
took a former commander of the U.S. Air Force's Strategic Air Command
and principal air planner for Operation Desert Storm to do it:

The true cost of importing oil from the Middle East "exceeds $100 a
barrel," retired Air Force Gen. G. Lee Butler wrote the newspaper in
a published letter entitled "Fuel Grade Ethanol: Let's Clear the Air."

Gen. Butler, of Omaha, Neb., is chairman of the Clean Fuels
Foundation. As chief air planner for Desert Storm, he was a central
figure in the military might put together by U.S. and allied forces
to free Kuwait from the invasion by Saddam Hussein's Iraqi forces.

The acknowledged purpose of Desert Storm was to protect oil imports
for the U.S. -- which Gen. Butler finds costly indeed.

Answering previous letter-to-the-editor writers in the Wall Street
Journal, Gen. Butler noted that no mention was made of "the true cost
of imported oil."

"When externalities such as environmental and health costs, the loss
of domestic jobs and basic industries, the trade deficit, commitments
of military resources to ensure the free flow of oil from the Middle
East and threats to our energy and national security are included,
the true cost of imports even now exceeds $100 a barrel, according to
the General Accounting Office," Gen. Butler wrote.

Gen. Butler also said production of ethanol and other biofuels from
feed grains and oilseeds..."must ensure environmental integrity from
the dirt to the tailpipe," and noted that modern farming practices
save topsoil, not erode it.

"As the nation commercializes the conversion of ethanol and other
biofuels from cellulosic biomass, the planting of grasses and trees
on erodible land will bring increased levels of top soil to farm
lands, a process already well under way," he said.

Responding to comments about ethanol's wide use as automotive fuel in
Brazil, Gen. Butler said:

"Essentially all cars in Brazil run on ethanol, either in blends of
22 percent ethanol/78 percent gasoline or 99 percent ethanol...They
run well and the public is pleased."

Gen. Butler said "air quality in Sao Paulo, Brazil, with a population
of 14 million, is better than in Los Angeles, New York City or
Houston, Texas."

Gen. Butler's response was the latest in a series of discussions of
ethanol in the Wall Street Journal, following an article by former
director of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, R. James Woolsey,
who wrote:

"Replacing gasoline with biomass-derived ethyl alcohol would greatly
reduce man-made greenhouse-gas emissions...

"Over the past 15 years the cost of producing a gallon of alcohol
from corn has been cut in half," Woolsey, a Washington lawyer, said,
"to about $1 a gallon. If the new technology were to make it possible
for costs to fall another 30 to 40 cents, alcohol would become
competitive with gasoline when oil reaches around $25 a barrel."



Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http

FW: Cost of gasoline etc, was - Re: [biofuel] Re: Legal Obstacles for Biodiesel

[Fred Enga]

I tend to use this link for energy matters related to the multitude of
plants.

It's very detailed, is not always in the format that I need but remains the
best energy crop report that I've found

http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/dukeindex.html

Cheers

Fred Enga

-Original Message-
From: Keith Addison [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: October 10, 2002 11:56 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Cost of gasoline etc, was - Re: [biofuel] Re: Legal Obstacles
for Biodiesel


> I'm looking for information on three points. 1st I need an idea of where
to
>look for oil content of various plants, 2nd,  information of the  cost of
>gasoline
>compared to various alternative energy sources...cradle to grave, and 3rd,
>the impact on the economy of reducing the production and use of petroleum
>based fuels.
>John Busby

Not content, but yields, which might help:

Vegetable oil yields:
-- ascending order
-- alphabetical order
Other oil crops
http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_yield.html
Vegetable oil yields, characteristics: Journey to Forever

Check out the databases in "Other oil crops".

Information on oil content for various crops here:
http://idh.vita.org/pubs/docs/upe.html
Understanding Pressure Extraction of Vegetable Oils

On point 2, this will either help or complicate:

Friday December 5, 1997 1:38 pm Eastern Time
Company Press Release
SOURCE: Fuels for the Future
'True Cost' of Middle East Oil Exceeds $100 Per Barrel, U.S. Desert
Storm Military Leader Says; Ethanol Cleans Air In Brazil

NEW YORK, Dec. 5 /PRNewswire/ -- Wall Street Journal readers have
been straightened out on the benefits of domestic ethanol, and it
took a former commander of the U.S. Air Force's Strategic Air Command
and principal air planner for Operation Desert Storm to do it:

The true cost of importing oil from the Middle East "exceeds $100 a
barrel," retired Air Force Gen. G. Lee Butler wrote the newspaper in
a published letter entitled "Fuel Grade Ethanol: Let's Clear the Air."

Gen. Butler, of Omaha, Neb., is chairman of the Clean Fuels
Foundation. As chief air planner for Desert Storm, he was a central
figure in the military might put together by U.S. and allied forces
to free Kuwait from the invasion by Saddam Hussein's Iraqi forces.

The acknowledged purpose of Desert Storm was to protect oil imports
for the U.S. -- which Gen. Butler finds costly indeed.

Answering previous letter-to-the-editor writers in the Wall Street
Journal, Gen. Butler noted that no mention was made of "the true cost
of imported oil."

"When externalities such as environmental and health costs, the loss
of domestic jobs and basic industries, the trade deficit, commitments
of military resources to ensure the free flow of oil from the Middle
East and threats to our energy and national security are included,
the true cost of imports even now exceeds $100 a barrel, according to
the General Accounting Office," Gen. Butler wrote.

Gen. Butler also said production of ethanol and other biofuels from
feed grains and oilseeds..."must ensure environmental integrity from
the dirt to the tailpipe," and noted that modern farming practices
save topsoil, not erode it.

"As the nation commercializes the conversion of ethanol and other
biofuels from cellulosic biomass, the planting of grasses and trees
on erodible land will bring increased levels of top soil to farm
lands, a process already well under way," he said.

Responding to comments about ethanol's wide use as automotive fuel in
Brazil, Gen. Butler said:

"Essentially all cars in Brazil run on ethanol, either in blends of
22 percent ethanol/78 percent gasoline or 99 percent ethanol...They
run well and the public is pleased."

Gen. Butler said "air quality in Sao Paulo, Brazil, with a population
of 14 million, is better than in Los Angeles, New York City or
Houston, Texas."

Gen. Butler's response was the latest in a series of discussions of
ethanol in the Wall Street Journal, following an article by former
director of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, R. James Woolsey,
who wrote:

"Replacing gasoline with biomass-derived ethyl alcohol would greatly
reduce man-made greenhouse-gas emissions...

"Over the past 15 years the cost of producing a gallon of alcohol
from corn has been cut in half," Woolsey, a Washington lawyer, said,
"to about $1 a gallon. If the new technology were to make it possible
for costs to fall another 30 to 40 cents, alcohol would become
competitive with gasoline when oil reaches around $25 a barrel."



Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to ht

FW: [biofuel] Hydrated ethanol/diesel fuel blends

[Fred Enga]

This is a rather old report.  For updated details our site
www.gaianbioenergy.com has detailed technical data on this Diesohol,
including emission results

Fred Enga

-Original Message-
From: Keith Addison [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: October 10, 2002 7:22 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Cc: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [biofuel] Hydrated ethanol/diesel fuel blends


http://www.eidn.com.au/energyerdcemulsions.htm

Emulsions of Hydrated Ethanol in Hydrocarbon Fuels
By Apace Research Ltd

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Accountability

Project Need

In response to adverse environmental impacts from mass consumption of
fossil petroleum fuels as well as international crude oil reserves
being finite, most countries are attempting to find answers to
meeting future demand for fuel for transport. Internationally there
is growing acceptance that renewable ethanol fuel produced from
biomass, with its associated environmental benefits, will be the
transport fuel of choice for the future. In the United States, Brazil
and Sweden there is already widespread use of ethanol fuel and/or
ethanol/petroleum fuel blends, while in many other countries,
including Australia, such blends are being introduced.

Ethanol/petroleum fuel blends directly address vehicle emissions and
transport fuel security of supply issues. In addition to reducing
currently regulated vehicle emissions, the renewable ethanol content
of these fuels can result in a net reduction in the emission of
carbon dioxide. Use of ethanol/petroleum fuel blends initially in the
existing vehicle fleet is essential to develop the technology and
infrastructure necessary to support widescale production and use of
ethanol fuel. This project addresses the need to optimise the
physicochemical properties of ethanol/petroleum fuel blends, to
ensure that the maximum possible environmental and economic benefits
are derived from the use of such blends.

Project Objectives

The project objectives were in two main parts:

Part (a)

To optimise the chemistry of the copolymers comprising the DALCO
emulsifier for use by fuel distributors in order to increase the
specific activity of those copolymers and reduce the cost of hydrated
ethanol/diesel fuel emulsion production.

Part (b)

To optimise the chemistry of the copolymers comprising the DALCO
emulsifier initially for use by researchers and regulatory
authorities to produce stable emulsions of hydrated ethanol in petrol
in order to identify any advantageous physicochemical properties of
such hydrated ethanol/petrol emulsions compared with the properties
of conventional anhydrous ethanol/petrol solutions.

Findings and Conclusions

It is Concluded from the results of this project that the lowest cost
method of manufacturing PEOPS copolymer, the major constituent of the
DALCO emulsifier, produces a product with high specific activity. The
indicated cost of the optimised DALCO emulsifier in commercial scale
quantities is below $1,000 per tonne. At $1,000 per tonne, the
emulsifier contributes approximately 1.3 cents to the per litre cost
of hyd.ethanol/diesel emulsion. This cost is less than for previous
DALCO formulations and is considered likely to prove economically
viable. It is also concluded that potential problems in the
commercial use of hyd.ethanol/diesel emulsion have been overcome by
optimisation of the DALCO emulsifier.

The DALCO emulsifier can also produce hyd.ethanol/petrol emulsion
with potential advantageous physicochemical properties compared to
anhyd.ethanol/petrol solution.

Applications

Emulsions of hydrated ethanol in petroleum fuels directly address
vehicle exhaust emissions and transport fuel security of supply
issues of growing international concern. Most importantly, the
renewable ethanol content of these fuels can result in a net
reduction in the emission of carbon dioxide.

Exhaust emissions from diesel engines are a major contributor to air
pollution in urban centres in both developed and developing
countries. The negative impact of diesel engine exhaust emissions on
air quality and human health are now widely recognised. In developed
countries authorities such as the Environmental Protection Agencies
(EPA's) are increasingly regulating diesel engine exhaust emissions
through new emissions standards for diesel engines.

Hydrated ethanol/diesel fuel emulsion, or "diesohol", represents a
new and potentially cost effective option for significantly reducing
particulate and NOx emissions from diesel engines, both in developed
and developing countries. Internationally there is considerable
potential for both short and long term applications of the diesohol
technology. This is in large part due to diesohol being compatible
with the existing fuel/vehicle infrastructure. Existing unmodified
diesel engined vehicles can use diesohol interchangeably with diesel
fuel. Moreover, diesohol is also compatible with and enhances any
emissions reductions achieved by advances in diesel engine de

RE: [biofuel] Ethanol Wrecks our engines....

[Fred Enga]

A complete report covering all of the applications of ethanol in gasoline,
in new and used engines is

ERDC Project No 2511 "Field Trials of Ethanol/Petrol Blends"

This trial showed no harm to any engines, and documented the benefits.

If anyone wants a copy (PDF), email me and I will supply

Regards

Fred Enga

-Original Message-
From: Neil and Adele Craven [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: October 10, 2002 3:30 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [biofuel] Ethanol Wrecks our engines


Sunflower


Keith do you have any articles destroying this statement.  It is currently
being put out by Big Oil over the addition of 10 - 20% Ethanol in Australias
Petrol.  The Pres of the biofuel association is pushing it up hill with a
very pointy and bendy stick.  I would like some real testing results to send
off as the situation is reaching almost hysteria, people demanding fuel with
out ethanol (That cheap additive put there to make the petrol go further).



Damn glad I only have Diesels on Bio.



Neil





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]



Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/





 Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-->
Home Selling? Try Us!
http://us.click.yahoo.com/QrPZMC/iTmEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM
-~->

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ 

RE: [biofuel] Re: molecular sieves for dehydrating ethanol

[Fred Enga]

I totally agree.  A non distillation separation system for ethanol
production is a key element in the GAIAN lignocellulose to ethanol process
which we are commercialising.

So as not to use this forum as an 'ad medium', I will be happy to provide
details off list to any who are interested and who email me their questions.

The major energy use in distillation is the reflux, where the ethanol is
continuously 'reboiling' and condensing as it concentrates.  The elimination
of the reflux in our system reduces the energy requirement very
significantly.

It also eliminated the approximately 10 litres of waste water for each litre
of ethanol produced, with an even more significant cost and energy savings
on the waste treatment side

Fred Enga

[EMAIL PROTECTED]

-Original Message-
From: womplex_oo1 [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: August 29, 2002 6:34 AM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [biofuel] Re: molecular sieves for dehydrating ethanol


When I first became interested in this subject I thought that
distilling the water-alcohol mixture after boiling/fermenting was a
huge waste of energy.  I mean, ethanol is supposed to be made from
plant matter which are grown for months under sunlight.  It's not
supposed to be made by boiling chemical solutions over and over
again.  Sufficive to say I would like to see a thorough thermodynamic
analysis of this entire process, energy in, energy out, including
efficiency factors.

On a side note, if it is possible to remove the water by chemical
reaction, producing a precipitate that can be filtered out, then
recycled by baking in a solar furnace with relatively less exact
control over temperature as required for distillation, then that
would be preferable.





--- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], "Fred Enga" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Extracted from
>
>
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel_library/ethanol_manual/manual12.ht
ml
>
> "A second method takes advantage of the fact that water will
dissolve in
> most salts, but ethanol will not. Therefore, water can be removed
(although
> not entirely) by filtering the alcohol/water through dry salt.
Almost any
> "hygroscopic" (water absorbing) material such as calcium salt,
various
> sulphates, phosphates and similar materials will work. However,
common
> rocksalt, such as used in water softeners is cheap and available. An
> apparatus such as described in Chapter 7 for sprouting malt can be
used.
> Fill the drum or container with rocksalt. The alcohol/water is
poured in at
> the top and filters down through the salt. Relatively water-free
alcohol is
> collected through holes or a valve at the bottom of the container.
Remember
> that the salt must be dry. After absorbing water from a certain
amount of
> alcohol, the salt must be re-dried either in an oven or by
spreading it out
> in the sun."
>
> Otherwise, corn flour works well as does wood flower
>
> Fred Enga
>
> -Original Message-
> From: Ken Provost [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Sent: August 27, 2002 8:01 AM
> To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Subject: Re: [biofuel] molecular sieves for dehydrating ethanol
>
>
> Keith writes:
>
> >
> >Quicklime or 3A, I don't think we need any other answers.
>
>
> Actually, I'm looking again at the whole azeotropic distillation
> thing. The problem with quicklime is GETTING it, of course,
> and the fact that it's just another nonrenewable resource unless
> you plan on setting up your own lime kiln to regenerate it.
> Same with zeolite -- and solar's no good for drying 'em unless
> you use a good-sized dish.
>
> Breaking the ethanol-water azeotrope with some gasoline
> (which would have to be completely recovered) might be doable
> in a solar still like the one I'm already using to recover methanol.
> Gotta think some more about how to do the whole process in
> a completely passive (no pumps) way-K
>
>
> Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
> http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html
>
> Biofuels list archives:
> http://archive.nnytech.net/
>
> Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
> To unsubscribe, send an email to:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to
http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/



Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/





 Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-->
4 DVDs Free +s&p Join Now
http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM
---

FW: [biofuel] molecular sieves for dehydrating ethanol

[Fred Enga]

No, salt is not soluble in salt and visa versa.  The retention purely by
surface tension.  In fact this is exactly how a mole sieve works.
The use of larger crystal size salt reduces the 'hang up' in the packed bed.

There are reactions between quick lime and ethanol however.

The use of corn flour is used comercially as a replacement for the drying
stage, and here the expended corn flour is recycled into the fermentation
system.

-Original Message-
From: Ken Provost [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: August 28, 2002 5:08 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: RE: [biofuel] molecular sieves for dehydrating ethanol


Fred writes:

>
>"A second method takes advantage of the fact that water will
>dissolve in most salts, but ethanol will not... common
>rocksalt, such as used in water softeners is cheap and available.
>.The alcohol/water is poured in at the top and filters down
>through the salt. Relatively water-free alcohol is collected
>through holes or a valve at the bottom of the container.
>Remember that the salt must be dry. After absorbing water
>from a certain amount of alcohol, the salt must be re-dried
>either in an oven or by spreading it out in the sun."
>
>Otherwise, corn flour works well as does wood flower.


I suspect any of these approaches will suffer an unacceptable
loss of alcohol (adhering or dissolving) in the solid material
for the amount of water being removed.  Even quicklime soaks
up quite a bit of the alcohol, while absorbing 20% of its weight
in water.

Of course you could distill the alcohol out of the solids
afterwards (together with much of the water) and repeat the
process, but it sounds inefficient to me.


Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/





 Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-->
4 DVDs Free +s&p Join Now
http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM
-~->

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ 

RE: [biofuel] molecular sieves for dehydrating ethanol

[Fred Enga]

No, salt is not soluble in salt and visa versa.  The retention purely by
surface tension.  In fact this is exactly how a mole sieve works.  There are
reactions between quick lime and ethanol however.

The use of corn flour is used comercially as a replacement for the drying
stage, and here the expended corn flour is recycled into the fermentation
system.

-Original Message-
From: Ken Provost [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: August 28, 2002 5:08 PM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: RE: [biofuel] molecular sieves for dehydrating ethanol


Fred writes:

>
>"A second method takes advantage of the fact that water will
>dissolve in most salts, but ethanol will not... common
>rocksalt, such as used in water softeners is cheap and available.
>.The alcohol/water is poured in at the top and filters down
>through the salt. Relatively water-free alcohol is collected
>through holes or a valve at the bottom of the container.
>Remember that the salt must be dry. After absorbing water
>from a certain amount of alcohol, the salt must be re-dried
>either in an oven or by spreading it out in the sun."
>
>Otherwise, corn flour works well as does wood flower.


I suspect any of these approaches will suffer an unacceptable
loss of alcohol (adhering or dissolving) in the solid material
for the amount of water being removed.  Even quicklime soaks
up quite a bit of the alcohol, while absorbing 20% of its weight
in water.

Of course you could distill the alcohol out of the solids
afterwards (together with much of the water) and repeat the
process, but it sounds inefficient to me.


Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/





 Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-->
4 DVDs Free +s&p Join Now
http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM
-~->

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ 

RE: [biofuel] molecular sieves for dehydrating ethanol

[Fred Enga]

Extracted from

http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel_library/ethanol_manual/manual12.html

"A second method takes advantage of the fact that water will dissolve in
most salts, but ethanol will not. Therefore, water can be removed (although
not entirely) by filtering the alcohol/water through dry salt. Almost any
"hygroscopic" (water absorbing) material such as calcium salt, various
sulphates, phosphates and similar materials will work. However, common
rocksalt, such as used in water softeners is cheap and available. An
apparatus such as described in Chapter 7 for sprouting malt can be used.
Fill the drum or container with rocksalt. The alcohol/water is poured in at
the top and filters down through the salt. Relatively water-free alcohol is
collected through holes or a valve at the bottom of the container. Remember
that the salt must be dry. After absorbing water from a certain amount of
alcohol, the salt must be re-dried either in an oven or by spreading it out
in the sun."

Otherwise, corn flour works well as does wood flower

Fred Enga

-Original Message-
From: Ken Provost [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: August 27, 2002 8:01 AM
To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Re: [biofuel] molecular sieves for dehydrating ethanol


Keith writes:

>
>Quicklime or 3A, I don't think we need any other answers.


Actually, I'm looking again at the whole azeotropic distillation
thing. The problem with quicklime is GETTING it, of course,
and the fact that it's just another nonrenewable resource unless
you plan on setting up your own lime kiln to regenerate it.
Same with zeolite -- and solar's no good for drying 'em unless
you use a good-sized dish.

Breaking the ethanol-water azeotrope with some gasoline
(which would have to be completely recovered) might be doable
in a solar still like the one I'm already using to recover methanol.
Gotta think some more about how to do the whole process in
a completely passive (no pumps) way-K


Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/





 Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-->
4 DVDs Free +s&p Join Now
http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM
-~->

Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html

Biofuels list archives:
http://archive.nnytech.net/

Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address.
To unsubscribe, send an email to:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] 

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/