Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Hal Murray
 I am wondering if it's a tough road to get precise time and frequency.

How precise do you want?  How much money do you have?

1/2 :), but you are asking on the time-nuts list so you should expect answers 
like that.


 I would love to discipline my counter and signal generator time bases to
 match NIST.  Is this possible, and what would I need to do?

The buzzword for the usual approach is GPSDO.  2 models are often available 
surplus (aka not expensive for the value) from cell phone towers.  Google for 
HP Z3801A and Trimble Thunderbolt.


 I am sure this subject has been covered but I don't know how to find it.

This list is archived.  The headers in list mail contain things like:
  List-archive: http://www.febo.com/pipermail/time-nuts
That has everything batched by month, and sorted by Thread, Subject, Author, 
and Date.  Poke around a bit and you will get a feel for things.  It doesn't 
have a search facility.

Google works well to search the time-nuts archives.  You can add time-nuts 
as a search term which might find a message in a site that archives list 
traffic, or you can add site:febo.com to restrict the search to the 
official archive.
  http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.time.nuts/25812


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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Graeme Zimmer
One of the simplest ways to receive VLF signals is to buy a surplus 
Selective Level Meter.


They were an important piece of test equipment used by the analog 
line-line telephony people. Now of course, surplus to requirements.


If you hunt around they can be found at very low prices.


... Zim

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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Hal Murray

jim...@earthlink.net said:
 I sample at 100 kHz with 16 bits on a teensy3.. 

Neat.  Thanks.  How many effective bits?  (when the input signal is 60 KHz it 
that matters)


Can somebody give me a lesson in the tradeoffs between number of bits and 
sampling rate?

I know of one special case.  If your ADC is only 1 bit, you don't have to 
worry about AGC.


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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Alex Pummer

that is perhaps another 60kHz station they have one in England too!
73
KJ6HN
Alex

On 2/20/2014 8:35 PM, Graeme Zimmer wrote:
I have a Kenwood TS-940S transceiver that can receive 60 kHz but I 
have never heard anything


Where are you? It must be deaf as a post.

I can hear WWVB in Australia !

(or at least I could till JJY-60 started in 2001)


... Zim
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Bob Albert
My TS-940S acts as though it receives okay at 60 kHz.  Not great sensitivity 
but it does receive.


Most HP GPS receivers are expensive ($400?).  I was hoping to get some results 
with what I have, although I'm willing to cobble up some circuitry.

I assume if I can receive the signal, I can figure out how to decode it and/or 
use it as is.  How does one use a 1 pps signal to get precise frequency 
measurement?  Maybe use it as a time base for a counter?  My counter has 1 pps 
as well as 0.1 pps for 10-second count.  I would assume signal fading would 
cause some timing uncertainty due to finite rise and fall time.  And at 60 kHz 
I think rise and fall time would be long.

I will look through the archives.

Bob




On Thursday, February 20, 2014 10:12 PM, Hal Murray hmur...@megapathdsl.net 
wrote:
 

jim...@earthlink.net said:
 I sample at 100 kHz with 16 bits on a teensy3.. 

Neat.  Thanks.  How many effective bits?  (when the input signal is 60 KHz it 
that matters)


Can somebody give me a lesson in the tradeoffs between number of bits and 
sampling rate?

I know of one special case.  If your ADC is only 1 bit, you don't have to 
worry about AGC.


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Re: [time-nuts] Looking for WWVB digital wall clock with digital 24 hour UTC display

2014-02-20 Thread Hal Murray

rich...@karlquist.com said:
 I want to use WWVB because I want to be able to mention to visitors that the
 clock links to an ensemble of 5071A cesium standards, and I was one of the
 designers of the 5071A, the actual atomic clock.  ...

Neat.

What does the Air Force use as a reference for GPS?  Maybe you need two 
clocks.  :)

 



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Re: [time-nuts] Looking for WWVB digital wall clock with digital 24hour UTC display

2014-02-20 Thread David J Taylor
From: Richard (Rick) Karlquist 


Can anyone recommend a atomic wall clock
that displays in digital 24 hour UTC?  Looking for largest
possible digits and LED preferred over LCD, under $100.
Any brands to avoid?

Rick
==

Rick, you could make your own with a Raspberry Pi and TV:

 http://www.satsignal.eu/raspberry-pi/DigitalClock.html

David
--
SatSignal Software - Quality software written to your requirements
Web: http://www.satsignal.eu
Email: david-tay...@blueyonder.co.uk
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Re: [time-nuts] TIC model

2014-02-20 Thread Bruce Griffiths
R2 is dominated by the adc sample switch on resistance and thus has a 
relatively high  tempco (~4000ppm/C).

C2 has a relatively low tempco (~100ppm/C or so)

To reduce the effect of the sample switch on resistance tempco on the 
gain tempco of the TIC R1 C1 need to be proportioned so that R2 has 
little effect on the gain temcpo.
R1 = 470 ohm, C1 = 1nF (NPO) appears to be about right for a 2.5MHz 
synchroniser clock and the PIC you intend to use.


This should reduce the effect of the sample switch on resistance tempco 
by a factor of 10 or more.


The minimum value of R1 is governed by the output resistance of the 
tristate buffer and its tempco.


Bruce

Bob Stewart wrote:

Hi Bruce,

What are the tradeoffs with using different values for R1?  I have no practical 
experience at this, so all I can do is rely on the models.  Does the fact that 
R2 is in the PIC, and C1 is so tiny, make the value of R1 of less importance?  
On my PIC, they list C1 as 5pf, R2 as effectively about 7K, and C2 120pf.

Bob





   


From: Bruce Griffithsbruce.griffi...@xtra.co.nz
To: Discussion of precise time and frequency measurementtime-nuts@febo.com
Sent: Tuesday, February 18, 2014 9:35 PM
Subject: Re: [time-nuts] TIC model


The attached circuit schematic illustrates how this might be implemented.
Faster logic devices can be substituted.

R2, C2 approximate the equivalent input circuit of the ADC.
R2, C2 values will vary for each ADC.

The Shift register which acts as a synchroniser and produces various trigger 
signals is clocked at 10MHz (assumed to be the uP instruction cycle clock rate)

The RC network charge time varies between 1 and 2 shift register clock periods 
( ie a charge time from 100ns to 200ns).
Sampling a time stamp counter clocked at the same frequency as the shift 
register is only required if the GPSDO local oscillator has a potential initial 
offset of  100ppb or more.
If missing PPS detection is required then a PPS time stamp counter with a range 
of several seconds is desirable.

Bruce


 

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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread paul swed
Or a discreet receiver using time-nut available stuff. NIST should be the
one that owns the format and they have published it.
Regards
Paul


On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 1:45 AM, Richard (Rick) Karlquist 
rich...@karlquist.com wrote:



 On 2/19/2014 9:10 PM, John Marvin wrote:

 I guess my question is who has the right to grant exclusive rights for
 the ability to decode a very simple protocol? Was a patent actually
 granted for this?

 John


 They have exclusive rights to the IP core for their IC.
 I guess someone else could design their own IC...


 Rick
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Re: [time-nuts] TIC model

2014-02-20 Thread Bob Stewart
Now you've lost me.  What 2.5 MHz synchronizer clock?  Everything I have 
external to the PIC is 10MHz.  The PIC is running HSPLL at 40MHz, though I 
don't think that makes any difference to this.

Bob





 From: Bruce Griffiths bruce.griffi...@xtra.co.nz
To: Bob Stewart b...@evoria.net; Discussion of precise time and frequency 
measurement time-nuts@febo.com 
Sent: Thursday, February 20, 2014 3:07 AM
Subject: Re: [time-nuts] TIC model
 

R2 is dominated by the adc sample switch on resistance and thus has a 
relatively high  tempco (~4000ppm/C).
C2 has a relatively low tempco (~100ppm/C or so)

To reduce the effect of the sample switch on resistance tempco on the 
gain tempco of the TIC R1 C1 need to be proportioned so that R2 has 
little effect on the gain temcpo.
R1 = 470 ohm, C1 = 1nF (NPO) appears to be about right for a 2.5MHz 
synchroniser clock and the PIC you intend to use.

This should reduce the effect of the sample switch on resistance tempco 
by a factor of 10 or more.

The minimum value of R1 is governed by the output resistance of the 
tristate buffer and its tempco.

Bruce


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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Joe Leikhim

Sounds like a great Kickstarter project for some time nuttiers.


 On 2/19/2014 9:10 PM, John Marvin wrote:


I guess my question is who has the right to grant exclusive rights for
the ability to decode a very simple protocol? Was a patent actually
granted for this?

John


They have exclusive rights to the IP core for their IC.
I guess someone else could design their own IC...

Rick

--
Joe Leikhim


Leikhim and Associates

Communications Consultants

Oviedo, Florida

jleik...@leikhim.com

407-982-0446

WWW.LEIKHIM.COM

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Re: [time-nuts] Looking for WWVB digital wall clock with digital 24 hour UTC display

2014-02-20 Thread Clint Turner
Other than WWVB-based frequency references/clocks that lock onto the 60 
kHz carrier itself, I'm not aware of any WWVB-based clocks that were the 
slightest-bit affected by format change (e.g. the addition of the 
low-rate BPSK):  Please point me to any references to the contrary if 
you find them.


Co-incident with the WWVB format change there were a number of WWVB 
clocks that quit working - namely, a few of the older SkyScan models, 
but this had nothing at all to do with the format change, but rather an 
error in the silicon that caused them to fail to automatically set 
themselves (after initially doing so when first powered-up).  For WWVB, 
the timing of the manifestation of this bug was most unfortunate and 
there is/was quite a bit of information on the net that continues to 
propel this myth.


Being a bit of a nerd and Time Nut I went out of my way to determine the 
actual cause of this problem.


There is this:

http://ka7oei.blogspot.com/2013/02/did-nist-break-bunch-of-radio.html

In this, I determined that at least with this receiver, its detection 
bandwidth was far too wide to be adversely affected by the phase 
reversal which - in theory - could skew the timing of the recovered 
amplitude waveform of the time code modulation.  From this I concluded 
that the TRF receivers used by these inexpensive clocks weren't likely 
to be affected in the least by the BPSK.


And secondly, there is this:

http://ka7oei.blogspot.com/2013/03/yes-nist-did-break-bunch-of-radio.html

In short, I created my own, local WWVB signal and demonstrated to my 
satisfaction that the real problem with these particular clocks was that 
they couldn't tolerate dates beyond a certain range.  A shame, too, 
since these same clocks will happily display UTC with no DST - although 
they would sync at Midnight and early morning for their set time zone 
which means that they would sync during daylight hours:  Not a problem 
here in Utah where we have mV/m signal levels, but it could be 
disastrous for stations farther east where usable signals are available 
only in the wee hours of the morning!  (These clocks also had a bug that 
would cause them to delay a day during the spring change onto DST -  
disconcerting on the morning of the time change if it was set to local 
time with DST!)


73,

Clint
KA7OEI



Wouldn't that be nice!

They implement a new format which destroys much of the installed
infrastructure, then don't actually produce the 'better replacement'.

How very LORAN!

-John


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Re: [time-nuts] TIC model

2014-02-20 Thread Bruce Griffiths
For a 10MHz synchroniser clock  A C1 value of around 220pF or so should 
be appropriate.

The exact value depends on the ADC reference voltage.
A n ADC reference less than 5V may be useful.
I'll run some simulations to check the sensitivity to R2's tempco.

Bruce

Bob Stewart wrote:

Now you've lost me.  What 2.5 MHz synchronizer clock?  Everything I have 
external to the PIC is 10MHz.  The PIC is running HSPLL at 40MHz, though I 
don't think that makes any difference to this.

Bob




   


From: Bruce Griffithsbruce.griffi...@xtra.co.nz
To: Bob Stewartb...@evoria.net; Discussion of precise time and frequency 
measurementtime-nuts@febo.com
Sent: Thursday, February 20, 2014 3:07 AM
Subject: Re: [time-nuts] TIC model


R2 is dominated by the adc sample switch on resistance and thus has a
relatively high  tempco (~4000ppm/C).
C2 has a relatively low tempco (~100ppm/C or so)

To reduce the effect of the sample switch on resistance tempco on the
gain tempco of the TIC R1 C1 need to be proportioned so that R2 has
little effect on the gain temcpo.
R1 = 470 ohm, C1 = 1nF (NPO) appears to be about right for a 2.5MHz
synchroniser clock and the PIC you intend to use.

This should reduce the effect of the sample switch on resistance tempco
by a factor of 10 or more.

The minimum value of R1 is governed by the output resistance of the
tristate buffer and its tempco.

Bruce


 

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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Florian Teply
Am Wed, 19 Feb 2014 22:45:56 -0800
schrieb Richard (Rick) Karlquist rich...@karlquist.com:

 
 
 On 2/19/2014 9:10 PM, John Marvin wrote:
  I guess my question is who has the right to grant exclusive
  rights for the ability to decode a very simple protocol? Was a
  patent actually granted for this?
 
  John
 
 
 They have exclusive rights to the IP core for their IC.
 I guess someone else could design their own IC...
 
 Rick

Well, if someone comes up with a circuit, I could check how much chip
area that would consume in a 250nm SiGe BiCMOS... Shouldn't be out of
range for a serious time nut ;-)

Florian
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread J. Forster
Paul Swed posted a working, mostly analog, design here maybe 6 months ago.

-John

=


 Am Wed, 19 Feb 2014 22:45:56 -0800
 schrieb Richard (Rick) Karlquist rich...@karlquist.com:



 On 2/19/2014 9:10 PM, John Marvin wrote:
  I guess my question is who has the right to grant exclusive
  rights for the ability to decode a very simple protocol? Was a
  patent actually granted for this?
 
  John
 

 They have exclusive rights to the IP core for their IC.
 I guess someone else could design their own IC...

 Rick

 Well, if someone comes up with a circuit, I could check how much chip
 area that would consume in a 250nm SiGe BiCMOS... Shouldn't be out of
 range for a serious time nut ;-)

 Florian
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Chuck Harris

At 60KHz, it shouldn't be out of range of most
general purpose CPU's, and even the most pathetic DSP.

Why bother with a hardware solution when software can
do it more easily?

-Chuck Harris

Florian Teply wrote:

Well, if someone comes up with a circuit, I could check how much chip
area that would consume in a 250nm SiGe BiCMOS... Shouldn't be out of
range for a serious time nut ;-)

Florian
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread paul swed
Chuck thats easy. Because I could make it work. :-)
That said there was a post on time-nuts about LORAN C receiver in software.
I responded and have had the great pleasure of communicating with Matthias
over the last two weeks. I have learned a lot already and he in return has
a tested LORAN C receiver.
So with some luck just maybe I can become smart enough to do a better
design in software on a $15 micro. You still need the RF frontend section
that I released quite a while ago to time-nuts.
Regards
Paul
WB8TSL



On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 4:02 PM, Chuck Harris cfhar...@erols.com wrote:

 At 60KHz, it shouldn't be out of range of most
 general purpose CPU's, and even the most pathetic DSP.

 Why bother with a hardware solution when software can
 do it more easily?

 -Chuck Harris


 Florian Teply wrote:

 Well, if someone comes up with a circuit, I could check how much chip
 area that would consume in a 250nm SiGe BiCMOS... Shouldn't be out of
 range for a serious time nut ;-)

 Florian
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread J. Forster
At least on the Atlantic coast, the WWVB signal levels jump all over the
place, certainly 40 dB and maybe more.  If a receiver cannot deal w/ that
w/o losing lock, it's nearly useless.

OTOH, LORAN was always a whopping signal.

-John





 Chuck thats easy. Because I could make it work. :-)
 That said there was a post on time-nuts about LORAN C receiver in
 software.
 I responded and have had the great pleasure of communicating with Matthias
 over the last two weeks. I have learned a lot already and he in return has
 a tested LORAN C receiver.
 So with some luck just maybe I can become smart enough to do a better
 design in software on a $15 micro. You still need the RF frontend section
 that I released quite a while ago to time-nuts.
 Regards
 Paul
 WB8TSL



 On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 4:02 PM, Chuck Harris cfhar...@erols.com wrote:

 At 60KHz, it shouldn't be out of range of most
 general purpose CPU's, and even the most pathetic DSP.

 Why bother with a hardware solution when software can
 do it more easily?

 -Chuck Harris


 Florian Teply wrote:

 Well, if someone comes up with a circuit, I could check how much chip
 area that would consume in a 250nm SiGe BiCMOS... Shouldn't be out of
 range for a serious time nut ;-)

 Florian
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread paul swed
Totally agree with you John as I learned. I knew it was a variable but I
have seen nights that were crazy and do fit your 40 db. I redesigned the
AGC to account for that in the fr front end actually.
Regards
Paul


On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 4:34 PM, J. Forster j...@quikus.com wrote:

 At least on the Atlantic coast, the WWVB signal levels jump all over the
 place, certainly 40 dB and maybe more.  If a receiver cannot deal w/ that
 w/o losing lock, it's nearly useless.

 OTOH, LORAN was always a whopping signal.

 -John

 



  Chuck thats easy. Because I could make it work. :-)
  That said there was a post on time-nuts about LORAN C receiver in
  software.
  I responded and have had the great pleasure of communicating with
 Matthias
  over the last two weeks. I have learned a lot already and he in return
 has
  a tested LORAN C receiver.
  So with some luck just maybe I can become smart enough to do a better
  design in software on a $15 micro. You still need the RF frontend section
  that I released quite a while ago to time-nuts.
  Regards
  Paul
  WB8TSL
 
 
 
  On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 4:02 PM, Chuck Harris cfhar...@erols.com
 wrote:
 
  At 60KHz, it shouldn't be out of range of most
  general purpose CPU's, and even the most pathetic DSP.
 
  Why bother with a hardware solution when software can
  do it more easily?
 
  -Chuck Harris
 
 
  Florian Teply wrote:
 
  Well, if someone comes up with a circuit, I could check how much chip
  area that would consume in a 250nm SiGe BiCMOS... Shouldn't be out of
  range for a serious time nut ;-)
 
  Florian
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread J. Forster
The large amplitude swings happen on a very short time scale too.
Certainly 1 second at times.

-John




 Totally agree with you John as I learned. I knew it was a variable but I
 have seen nights that were crazy and do fit your 40 db. I redesigned the
 AGC to account for that in the fr front end actually.
 Regards
 Paul


 On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 4:34 PM, J. Forster j...@quikus.com wrote:

 At least on the Atlantic coast, the WWVB signal levels jump all over the
 place, certainly 40 dB and maybe more.  If a receiver cannot deal w/
 that
 w/o losing lock, it's nearly useless.

 OTOH, LORAN was always a whopping signal.

 -John

 



  Chuck thats easy. Because I could make it work. :-)
  That said there was a post on time-nuts about LORAN C receiver in
  software.
  I responded and have had the great pleasure of communicating with
 Matthias
  over the last two weeks. I have learned a lot already and he in return
 has
  a tested LORAN C receiver.
  So with some luck just maybe I can become smart enough to do a better
  design in software on a $15 micro. You still need the RF frontend
 section
  that I released quite a while ago to time-nuts.
  Regards
  Paul
  WB8TSL
 
 
 
  On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 4:02 PM, Chuck Harris cfhar...@erols.com
 wrote:
 
  At 60KHz, it shouldn't be out of range of most
  general purpose CPU's, and even the most pathetic DSP.
 
  Why bother with a hardware solution when software can
  do it more easily?
 
  -Chuck Harris
 
 
  Florian Teply wrote:
 
  Well, if someone comes up with a circuit, I could check how much
 chip
  area that would consume in a 250nm SiGe BiCMOS... Shouldn't be out
 of
  range for a serious time nut ;-)
 
  Florian
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Neville Michie
Hi Paul,
could you give a hint how long ago you released the front end to T_N?
thanks 
Neville Michie
(Sydney)


On 21/02/2014, at 8:29 AM, paul swed wrote:

 Chuck thats easy. Because I could make it work. :-)
 That said there was a post on time-nuts about LORAN C receiver in software.
 I responded and have had the great pleasure of communicating with Matthias
 over the last two weeks. I have learned a lot already and he in return has
 a tested LORAN C receiver.
 So with some luck just maybe I can become smart enough to do a better
 design in software on a $15 micro. You still need the RF frontend section
 that I released quite a while ago to time-nuts.
 Regards
 Paul
 WB8TSL
 
 
 
 On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 4:02 PM, Chuck Harris cfhar...@erols.com wrote:
 
 At 60KHz, it shouldn't be out of range of most
 general purpose CPU's, and even the most pathetic DSP.
 
 Why bother with a hardware solution when software can
 do it more easily?
 
 -Chuck Harris
 
 
 Florian Teply wrote:
 
 Well, if someone comes up with a circuit, I could check how much chip
 area that would consume in a 250nm SiGe BiCMOS... Shouldn't be out of
 range for a serious time nut ;-)
 
 Florian
 ___
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 To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers

2014-02-20 Thread Clint Turner
Several years ago I spotted a clever PIC-based software (DSP-ish) 
approach to WWVB modulation - but it has thusfar defied my attempts to 
find it via Google.  It was from the late 90's, early 2000's - and I may 
have it in an archive somewhere.


The exact details escape me, but I believe that it sampled at 8 kHz and 
was fed a crystal-filtered WWVB signal at 60 kHz, putting this 
bandwidth-limited, AGC-leveled signal directly into the PIC's A/D.


If I've done my math correctly, that would yield a frequency-inverted 
alias at 4 kHz.  The A/D was then mixed and/or decimated significantly 
and a simple software-based carrier recovery scheme (a Costas loop, 
maybe?) was implemented in this rather low-end PIC.  Because the TRF 
bandwidth was on the order of just a few Hertz, it took a fairly trivial 
amount of horsepower to implement.


Presumably, at just one baud it should be practical to do this on more 
modern PICs and AVRs using the same scheme.  The trick to homebrewing 
this is to find a 60.003 kHz crystal - but one of these could be swiped 
from a WWVB receiver module, or, perhaps, a source-follower could be 
used to recover the phase component of the received carrier, tapping off 
the signal from the BPF itself and making it available to the processor.


* * *

Another scheme - one that I believe was poo-poohed a while back on this 
list - is to simply take a bandpass filtered sample of around 60 kHz and 
throw it into a four-quadrant multiplier to yield a 120 kHz signal sans 
phase shift.  I believe that the initial critique of this was that this 
was not a particularly good way to recover a weak signal, but I found it 
to be quite useful on a project some (15) years ago.


On this project, I had a 100 kHz pilot carrier modulated with NRZ BPSK 
telemetry data and this same carrier was used to convey the reference 
frequency to multiple, simulcast transmitters via a 33cm microwave 
link.  At 100 kHz, I simply had an L/C bandpass filter that was roughly 
3-5 kHz wide on the transmit (to control the occupied bandwidth when 
XOR-gate modulated) and a similar filter on the receive end.  
Listening to this 100 kHz center frequency, 3-5 kHz bandwidth was a 
1496 configured as a multiplier, the output of which was passed through 
a simple filter constructed using 200 kHz crystals. The 200 kHz from the 
doubler output was then divided-by-two and used to synchronously 
demodulate the BPSK data (after being filtered with either a Bessel or 
Gaussian LPF) and this same recovered 100 kHz signal was then made 
available to the master 10 MHz frequency reference for locking.


What impressed me was the fact that my input signal S/N could go about 
40 dB below the detection bandwidth of the BPSK signal and still 
maintain perfect lock on the 100 kHz carrier, despite the fact that the 
1496 - which really doesn't make all that great of a doubler compared 
with other available (but more expensive!) devices was being pelted with 
3-5 kHz of garbage when the S/N was purposely compromised.  IIRC, the 
detection bandwidth of the crystal-based carrier recover filter was on 
the order of a few 10ths of Hz.  Yes, the phase did vary with 
temperature, but the rate-of-change was fairly slow and this fact was 
inconsequential in our application.


* * *

The upshot of this is that it should be quite easy to do a simple 
doubler-based carrier recovery system at 120 kHz (or something else, if 
it's frequency-converted) and, since it may be a bit tricky to find a 
cheap 120.006 kHz crystal, use an SCF clocked from a VCXO (or a simple 
fractional divider/DDS implemented in software) to provide a very narrow 
detection bandwidth that would satisfy the dynamics associated with the 
usable signal range over which the WWVB carrier could be reconstructed 
and the phase data could likely be recovered.  The AM output of a 
standard WWVB clock module could then be used to aid in the windowing of 
a synchronous demodulator integrate-and-dump filter to recover the phase 
information and make these two pieces available to something like a PIC 
or an AVR/Arduino for crunching.


In the (likely!) event of a signal that was too weak to recover the 
amplitude information from the broader-bandwidth WWVB receiver module it 
should be practical to oversample (say, by 8x) the output of the 
synchronous demodulator and then infer the timing of the phase change 
over a period of time since the minimum period of this is well known (1 
second!) and such timing could be (initially) autonomously applied with 
very good stability until the timing of the phase change resolved itself 
- something that could be correlated with a statistical analysis of the 
output of the amplitude detector, as well.


To a large degree, this sounds like a candidate for a front end 
consisting of good old 4000 CMOS logic and a few op amps with the output 
handed off to a fairly low-end, cheap processor module!


73,

Clint
KA7OEI



Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Brian Lloyd
On Thursday, February 20, 2014, J. Forster j...@quikus.com wrote:

 The large amplitude swings happen on a very short time scale too.
 Certainly 1 second at times.


8-bits is 48 dB. 16-bit parts at 60kHz should be cheap now. Why bother with
AGC? Just make sure the ADC doesn't clip.

https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts



-- 
Brian Lloyd, WB6RQN/J79BPL
706 Flightline Drive
Spring Branch, TX 78070
br...@lloyd.com
+1.916.877.5067
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Bob Camp
Hi

You can get parts in the 18 bit and up range for not a whole lot of money with 
rational sample rates for a WWVB receiver. Analog Devices and Linear Tech both 
make some interesting looking parts. They get you into the =100 db  dynamic 
range area. 

Even with a lower bit count part, you pick up some bits in the downsampling 
process. As long as you have enough noise to keep things moving, you can track 
pretty far down into the crud. GPS receivers do that sort of thing all the 
time. 

Since this is slow audio after the CIC decimator, things like ARM chips 
probably have enough DSP horsepower to do what you need to do. The decimator 
it’s self is not terribly taxing if you don’t go too crazy with the rate 
change. 

Bob

On Feb 20, 2014, at 7:40 PM, Brian Lloyd br...@lloyd.com wrote:

 On Thursday, February 20, 2014, J. Forster j...@quikus.com wrote:
 
 The large amplitude swings happen on a very short time scale too.
 Certainly 1 second at times.
 
 
 8-bits is 48 dB. 16-bit parts at 60kHz should be cheap now. Why bother with
 AGC? Just make sure the ADC doesn't clip.
 
 https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts
 
 
 
 -- 
 Brian Lloyd, WB6RQN/J79BPL
 706 Flightline Drive
 Spring Branch, TX 78070
 br...@lloyd.com
 +1.916.877.5067
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers

2014-02-20 Thread paul swed
Clint
I don't know if it was me or not the said the doubling scheme did not work.
It does work but profoundly unreliably at least on the east coast. If you
miss one cycle of carrier you loose phase making it useless. Jfor here on
Time nuts and I tried a lot of things to get around the issues because
simple is best. Now I do know that folks much closer to wwvb use the
doubling method. Someone posted that here.

You brought up a really interesting comment on the mix down method and I
have been curious about that and thinking about it. Especially since we are
looking for a 1Hz phase flip. You mention the 60.003 crystal as an
oscillator or filter?

Very hard to get those today, not so as little as 5 years ago. I found an
ebay supplier that sold something like 25 for $5 so picked up a pack hoping
that some crystals would actually work as a filter in the RF chain and they
actually do, but you actually have to hand pick them. As an oscillator
pretty poor behavior.

I have released a RF frontend design to time nuts some 6 months ago and
also a traditional costas loop using cd 4000 series chips. It does work and
does hold phase over multiple days. It can get tripped up. But all in all
for literally a few dollars does well. But I absolutely believe there is a
better way as you are suggesting.

Regards
Paul.
WB8TSL




On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 8:42 PM, Clint Turner tur...@ussc.com wrote:

 Several years ago I spotted a clever PIC-based software (DSP-ish) approach
 to WWVB modulation - but it has thusfar defied my attempts to find it via
 Google.  It was from the late 90's, early 2000's - and I may have it in an
 archive somewhere.

 The exact details escape me, but I believe that it sampled at 8 kHz and
 was fed a crystal-filtered WWVB signal at 60 kHz, putting this
 bandwidth-limited, AGC-leveled signal directly into the PIC's A/D.

 If I've done my math correctly, that would yield a frequency-inverted
 alias at 4 kHz.  The A/D was then mixed and/or decimated significantly and
 a simple software-based carrier recovery scheme (a Costas loop, maybe?) was
 implemented in this rather low-end PIC.  Because the TRF bandwidth was on
 the order of just a few Hertz, it took a fairly trivial amount of
 horsepower to implement.

 Presumably, at just one baud it should be practical to do this on more
 modern PICs and AVRs using the same scheme.  The trick to homebrewing this
 is to find a 60.003 kHz crystal - but one of these could be swiped from a
 WWVB receiver module, or, perhaps, a source-follower could be used to
 recover the phase component of the received carrier, tapping off the signal
 from the BPF itself and making it available to the processor.

 * * *

 Another scheme - one that I believe was poo-poohed a while back on this
 list - is to simply take a bandpass filtered sample of around 60 kHz and
 throw it into a four-quadrant multiplier to yield a 120 kHz signal sans
 phase shift.  I believe that the initial critique of this was that this was
 not a particularly good way to recover a weak signal, but I found it to be
 quite useful on a project some (15) years ago.

 On this project, I had a 100 kHz pilot carrier modulated with NRZ BPSK
 telemetry data and this same carrier was used to convey the reference
 frequency to multiple, simulcast transmitters via a 33cm microwave link.
  At 100 kHz, I simply had an L/C bandpass filter that was roughly 3-5 kHz
 wide on the transmit (to control the occupied bandwidth when XOR-gate
 modulated) and a similar filter on the receive end.  Listening to this
 100 kHz center frequency, 3-5 kHz bandwidth was a 1496 configured as a
 multiplier, the output of which was passed through a simple filter
 constructed using 200 kHz crystals. The 200 kHz from the doubler output was
 then divided-by-two and used to synchronously demodulate the BPSK data
 (after being filtered with either a Bessel or Gaussian LPF) and this same
 recovered 100 kHz signal was then made available to the master 10 MHz
 frequency reference for locking.

 What impressed me was the fact that my input signal S/N could go about 40
 dB below the detection bandwidth of the BPSK signal and still maintain
 perfect lock on the 100 kHz carrier, despite the fact that the 1496 - which
 really doesn't make all that great of a doubler compared with other
 available (but more expensive!) devices was being pelted with 3-5 kHz of
 garbage when the S/N was purposely compromised.  IIRC, the detection
 bandwidth of the crystal-based carrier recover filter was on the order of a
 few 10ths of Hz.  Yes, the phase did vary with temperature, but the
 rate-of-change was fairly slow and this fact was inconsequential in our
 application.

 * * *

 The upshot of this is that it should be quite easy to do a simple
 doubler-based carrier recovery system at 120 kHz (or something else, if
 it's frequency-converted) and, since it may be a bit tricky to find a cheap
 120.006 kHz crystal, use an SCF clocked from a VCXO (or a simple fractional
 

Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Alex Pummer

Hi Paul,
how was that 60kHz RF front end made I was not wit the group six months 
ego could you please send me a copy/

thank you in advance
73
KJ6UHN
Alex

On 2/20/2014 1:29 PM, paul swed wrote:

Chuck thats easy. Because I could make it work. :-)
That said there was a post on time-nuts about LORAN C receiver in software.
I responded and have had the great pleasure of communicating with Matthias
over the last two weeks. I have learned a lot already and he in return has
a tested LORAN C receiver.
So with some luck just maybe I can become smart enough to do a better
design in software on a $15 micro. You still need the RF frontend section
that I released quite a while ago to time-nuts.
Regards
Paul
WB8TSL






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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread paul swed
Request sent offline.
Regards
Paul


On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 9:32 PM, Alex Pummer a...@pcscons.com wrote:

 Hi Paul,
 how was that 60kHz RF front end made I was not wit the group six months
 ego could you please send me a copy/
 thank you in advance
 73
 KJ6UHN
 Alex


 On 2/20/2014 1:29 PM, paul swed wrote:

 Chuck thats easy. Because I could make it work. :-)
 That said there was a post on time-nuts about LORAN C receiver in
 software.
 I responded and have had the great pleasure of communicating with Matthias
 over the last two weeks. I have learned a lot already and he in return has
 a tested LORAN C receiver.
 So with some luck just maybe I can become smart enough to do a better
 design in software on a $15 micro. You still need the RF frontend section
 that I released quite a while ago to time-nuts.
 Regards
 Paul
 WB8TSL





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 To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers

2014-02-20 Thread Graeme Zimmer

Several years ago I spotted a clever PIC-based software (DSP-ish)
approach to WWVB modulation


Perhaps it was mine?

Years ago I designed a PSK31 decoder using a PIC. It worked very well 
for fixed frequencies, but I concluded that making it tunable was beyond 
the resources of the PICs then available.


If I remember correctly, it used a simple delay line and multiplied the 
early and late version of the signal. Most of the overheads were in 
synchronisation and decoding the Varicode modulation.


I imagine it would be fairly easy to get it working for WWVB. All it 
would take would be sufficient enthusiasm. Something I have a shortage 
of these days :-)



.. Zim  VK3GJZ


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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers

2014-02-20 Thread d0ct0r


Its still interesting to read an article from Radio-Electronics Magazine 
with date stamp back to August 1973. In that article Don Lancaster 
explain few classical techniques how to handle WWVB band.


Regards,
V.P.


On 2014-02-20 20:42, Clint Turner wrote:

Several years ago I spotted a clever PIC-based software (DSP-ish)
approach to WWVB modulation - but it has thusfar defied my attempts to
find it via Google.  It was from the late 90's, early 2000's - and I
may have it in an archive somewhere.

The exact details escape me, but I believe that it sampled at 8 kHz
and was fed a crystal-filtered WWVB signal at 60 kHz, putting this
bandwidth-limited, AGC-leveled signal directly into the PIC's A/D.

If I've done my math correctly, that would yield a frequency-inverted
alias at 4 kHz.  The A/D was then mixed and/or decimated significantly
and a simple software-based carrier recovery scheme (a Costas loop,
maybe?) was implemented in this rather low-end PIC.  Because the TRF
bandwidth was on the order of just a few Hertz, it took a fairly
trivial amount of horsepower to implement.

Presumably, at just one baud it should be practical to do this on more
modern PICs and AVRs using the same scheme.  The trick to homebrewing
this is to find a 60.003 kHz crystal - but one of these could be
swiped from a WWVB receiver module, or, perhaps, a source-follower
could be used to recover the phase component of the received carrier,
tapping off the signal from the BPF itself and making it available to
the processor.

* * *

Another scheme - one that I believe was poo-poohed a while back on
this list - is to simply take a bandpass filtered sample of around 60
kHz and throw it into a four-quadrant multiplier to yield a 120 kHz
signal sans phase shift.  I believe that the initial critique of this
was that this was not a particularly good way to recover a weak
signal, but I found it to be quite useful on a project some (15) years
ago.

On this project, I had a 100 kHz pilot carrier modulated with NRZ BPSK
telemetry data and this same carrier was used to convey the reference
frequency to multiple, simulcast transmitters via a 33cm microwave
link.  At 100 kHz, I simply had an L/C bandpass filter that was
roughly 3-5 kHz wide on the transmit (to control the occupied
bandwidth when XOR-gate modulated) and a similar filter on the receive
end.  Listening to this 100 kHz center frequency, 3-5 kHz bandwidth
was a 1496 configured as a multiplier, the output of which was passed
through a simple filter constructed using 200 kHz crystals. The 200
kHz from the doubler output was then divided-by-two and used to
synchronously demodulate the BPSK data (after being filtered with
either a Bessel or Gaussian LPF) and this same recovered 100 kHz
signal was then made available to the master 10 MHz frequency
reference for locking.

What impressed me was the fact that my input signal S/N could go about
40 dB below the detection bandwidth of the BPSK signal and still
maintain perfect lock on the 100 kHz carrier, despite the fact that
the 1496 - which really doesn't make all that great of a doubler
compared with other available (but more expensive!) devices was being
pelted with 3-5 kHz of garbage when the S/N was purposely compromised.
 IIRC, the detection bandwidth of the crystal-based carrier recover
filter was on the order of a few 10ths of Hz.  Yes, the phase did vary
with temperature, but the rate-of-change was fairly slow and this fact
was inconsequential in our application.

* * *

The upshot of this is that it should be quite easy to do a simple
doubler-based carrier recovery system at 120 kHz (or something else,
if it's frequency-converted) and, since it may be a bit tricky to find
a cheap 120.006 kHz crystal, use an SCF clocked from a VCXO (or a
simple fractional divider/DDS implemented in software) to provide a
very narrow detection bandwidth that would satisfy the dynamics
associated with the usable signal range over which the WWVB carrier
could be reconstructed and the phase data could likely be recovered.
The AM output of a standard WWVB clock module could then be used to
aid in the windowing of a synchronous demodulator integrate-and-dump
filter to recover the phase information and make these two pieces
available to something like a PIC or an AVR/Arduino for crunching.

In the (likely!) event of a signal that was too weak to recover the
amplitude information from the broader-bandwidth WWVB receiver module
it should be practical to oversample (say, by 8x) the output of the
synchronous demodulator and then infer the timing of the phase change
over a period of time since the minimum period of this is well known
(1 second!) and such timing could be (initially) autonomously applied
with very good stability until the timing of the phase change resolved
itself - something that could be correlated with a statistical
analysis of the output of the amplitude detector, as well.

To a large degree, this sounds like a candidate for a front end

Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Bob Albert
I am wondering if it's a tough road to get precise time and frequency.


I have a Kenwood TS-940S transceiver that can receive 60 kHz but I have never 
heard anything I could guess would be WWVB, just a fair amount of noise.  I did 
calibrate against 20 MHz WWV so that the beat was one every several seconds.  
Not bad but I think it can be better.


I would love to discipline my counter and signal generator time bases to match 
NIST.  Is this possible, and what would I need to do?

I am sure this subject has been covered but I don't know how to find it.

Bob




On Thursday, February 20, 2014 7:20 PM, paul swed paulsw...@gmail.com wrote:
 
Request sent offline.
Regards
Paul


On Thu, Feb 20, 2014 at 9:32 PM, Alex Pummer a...@pcscons.com wrote:

 Hi Paul,
 how was that 60kHz RF front end made I was not wit the group six months
 ego could you please send me a copy/
 thank you in advance
 73
 KJ6UHN
 Alex


 On 2/20/2014 1:29 PM, paul swed wrote:

 Chuck thats easy. Because I could make it work. :-)
 That said there was a post on time-nuts about LORAN C receiver in
 software.
 I responded and have had the great pleasure of communicating with Matthias
 over the last two weeks. I have learned a lot already and he in return has
 a tested LORAN C receiver.
 So with some luck just maybe I can become smart enough to do a better
 design in software on a $15 micro. You still need the RF frontend section
 that I released quite a while ago to time-nuts.
 Regards
 Paul
 WB8TSL





 ___
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 To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/
 mailman/listinfo/time-nuts
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Graeme Zimmer

I have a Kenwood TS-940S transceiver that can receive 60 kHz but I have never 
heard anything


Where are you? It must be deaf as a post.

I can hear WWVB in Australia !

(or at least I could till JJY-60 started in 2001)


... Zim
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread wb6bnq

Hi Zim,

With but a very few exceptions most broadband Amateur radfio trancievers 
do not do well below 500 KHz even though many allow for tuning below 500 
KHz.


BillWB6BNQ


Graeme Zimmer wrote:

I have a Kenwood TS-940S transceiver that can receive 60 kHz but I 
have never heard anything



Where are you? It must be deaf as a post.

I can hear WWVB in Australia !

(or at least I could till JJY-60 started in 2001)


... Zim
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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Jim Lux

On 2/20/14 4:40 PM, Brian Lloyd wrote:

On Thursday, February 20, 2014, J. Forster j...@quikus.com wrote:


The large amplitude swings happen on a very short time scale too.
Certainly 1 second at times.



8-bits is 48 dB. 16-bit parts at 60kHz should be cheap now. Why bother with
AGC? Just make sure the ADC doesn't clip.



I sample at 100 kHz with 16 bits on a teensy3..


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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread John Marvin
I have an OpenHPSDR Hermes and it has no problem receiving WWVB; 
however, since I live in Fort Collins - Colorado, part of the success 
might just be the strong signal. I wonder if I could just stick a piece 
of wire into one of the channel inputs of a 192Khz sample rate audio 
interface (especially if it had a good low noise mic preamp) and decode 
WWVB from baseband audio!


John
AC0ZG


On 2/20/2014 9:55 PM, wb6bnq wrote:

Hi Zim,

With but a very few exceptions most broadband Amateur radfio 
trancievers do not do well below 500 KHz even though many allow for 
tuning below 500 KHz.


BillWB6BNQ




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Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)

2014-02-20 Thread Max Robinson
I have a wave analyzer which for those who may be unfamiliar with such an 
instrument is a super het receiver that tunes from 0 to 50 kHz.  Mine has 
enough extra range on the high end to hit 60 kHz.I can connect a 40 foot 
wire antenna in my attic to its input and receive WWVB here in Kentucky.  I 
can see the variations on the meter or look at the frequency restored output 
on a scope.


Regards.

Max.  K 4 O DS.

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- Original Message - 
From: John Marvin jm-t...@themarvins.org

To: time-nuts@febo.com
Sent: Thursday, February 20, 2014 11:08 PM
Subject: Re: [time-nuts] New WWVB modulation format receivers (NOT)


I have an OpenHPSDR Hermes and it has no problem receiving WWVB; however, 
since I live in Fort Collins - Colorado, part of the success might just be 
the strong signal. I wonder if I could just stick a piece of wire into one 
of the channel inputs of a 192Khz sample rate audio interface (especially 
if it had a good low noise mic preamp) and decode WWVB from baseband audio!


John
AC0ZG


On 2/20/2014 9:55 PM, wb6bnq wrote:

Hi Zim,

With but a very few exceptions most broadband Amateur radfio trancievers 
do not do well below 500 KHz even though many allow for tuning below 500 
KHz.


BillWB6BNQ




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