Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-30 Thread Bob Camp
Hi

Based on the dates I’ve seen on pictures and boards, this is a *very* new 
project. I suspect that what we are looking at is approximately beta test 
software. There’s likely to be a good part of a year or more spent optimizing 
the code. There’s no shame in any of that. It’s the nature of doing this kind 
of thing. You need working hardware to refine the software. To the points made 
earlier, the designer(s) have avoided many of the traps people fall into when 
doing this kind of thing. They are off to a good start. Where they end up will 
depend a lot on how many people are involved and what sort of gear they all 
have for measuring things.

Could this be the final hardware? Maybe. Could they find a hardware issue when 
debugging the software? That stuff happens (to me). Could all our yelling about 
this turn them off to the idea and the whole project crashes and burns - I’ve 
seen that before as well. At this point we know little of the hardware design. 
Since we also know virtually noting about the internal Chinese market for 
parts, I doubt we could help much if we did see a bill of material. Some of 
this is simply a matter of trust in the designer. That’s not a bad thing. I’d 
much rather see a $75 design that works with parts they can get than a $800 
design done with US parts. 

Hopefully we will find out more about this project as it moves forward. It’s 
only going to get better from here on. 



Does any of that change what I would recommend for a “one and only” GPSDO 
today? No. If it’s going to be your only standard, you want something that’s 
had the bugs worked out of it. The recommendation stands *not* because the 
Chinese GPSDO is in some way defective or a bad idea. It stands simply because 
you should play it safe on a single standard.

-

Right now there are several GPSDO’s on the market in the $150 to $250 
(delivered) price range. That also is a good thing. You have multiple choices 
and there is no need for a “one size fits all” answer. 

Bob
 
 On Dec 29, 2014, at 2:07 PM, xaos x...@darksmile.net wrote:
 
 You have to give the guy credit for trying.
 What is a shame here is that he did not
 publish the schematics and the source code.
 
 If anyone knows him he should just ask him. We tend to
 be sceptics here but that's the nature of the game.
 However, I don't want anyone to think that we are elitist.
 
 I remember my first GPSDO, by Brooks Sherra,
 on QST. I remember reading the schematic and the
 source code many times until I got it. It
 is the reason I got interested in time-nuts
 to begin with.
 
 So, I think we would all benefit from going a bit
 deeper on this new unit. I hope the designer
 is reading this.
 
 GKH, N2FGX
 
 On 12/29/2014 12:50 AM, Charles Steinmetz wrote:
 Li Ang wrote:
 
 This unit is done by BG7TBL. In his store on taobao.com,
 there is a adev chart. Please refrer to this link
 
 That ADEV chart (see below) raises more questions than it answers.  At
 least the time constant is not too short (a very common problem with
 DIY GPSDOs).  But when the GPS takes over above the crossover (tau ~
 5000 seconds), the ADEV is ~2e-11.  GPS should be significantly better
 than this at 5000 seconds.  It appears that something is wrong with
 the design.
 
 Best regards,
 
 Charles
 
 
 
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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-30 Thread Li Ang
Hi
 One of my friend had one. Here is the test result from him.



Bob Camp kb...@n1k.org于2014年12月29日星期一写道:
 Hi

 Ok, well that’s a move forward on this GPSDO. There is a *lot* more data
on that listing than there was a month ago.

 Thanks for digging it up  and posting the link.

 If you look at the ADEV at 1 second, it’s running at 2.67 x10^-11. That’s
all coming from the Erratum Rb that they are using as a reference. At 100
seconds the Rb should be around 2.67 x10^-12 and the MV-89 should be about
 2x10^-11. They combine as the square root, so that would be 3.3 ppt or
less. The unit is running at 4.8 ppt so the filter is having some impact at
that point.

 Out around 5,000 seconds the unit has a major hump. The Nortel GPSTM has
a similar hump, but much closer in. It’s performance at 5K seconds is much
better. The Lucent KS boxes beat this part across the entire range. That
makes some assumptions, since there is no good ADEV data inside 100 seconds
on the plot.

 The final question about the plot would be - what happens at longer tau?
The run was stopped before it really got past the peak in the filter. It
would be nice to see some data that at least gets back down to  1 ppt at
the longer tau’s. Without that data it’s unclear how well the whole system
is doing. That’s not to say it’s not doing well. It could be doing a great
job, there’s just no way to know from the data.

 

 My guess is that this is very much like your counter project, just a bit
further along. They have a nice looking unit, but are still trying to
figure out the bugs and finish up the software …

 Bob

 On Dec 28, 2014, at 6:19 PM, Li Ang lll...@gmail.com wrote:

 Hi
   This unit is done by BG7TBL. In his store on taobao.com, there is a
adev
 chart. Please refrer to this link

http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3.w4002-1278071728.49.XHJlQLid=42336500072




 2014-12-29 1:56 GMT+08:00 Dan Rae dan...@verizon.net:

 On 12/28/2014 7:25 AM, David Smith wrote:

 Hello Friends,
 I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from
 China:

 Dave, these have been discussed in the past at some length on this list.
 I would point out that they use a re-cycled Morion OCXO.  I have had
two of
 these ovens from China; one worked fine, the other has a very high
level of
 spurious outputs.  I would be wary of using these in anything without
first
 testing them thoroughly.

 Dan

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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-30 Thread Bob Camp
Hi

 On Dec 29, 2014, at 8:51 PM, Li Ang lll...@gmail.com wrote:
 
 Hi
 One of my friend had one. Here is the test result from him.
 
 

Ok, that data is actually more encouraging than the data on the selling site. 
He ran it long enough to get past the hump in the ADEV curve at 4,000 seconds. 
The blue trace shows that the test setup *can* resolve the data properly. 

So now the question becomes - what is going on with the filter software in the 
BG7TBL unit? It’s obviously done differently than the HP filter software. There 
are a number of people (not me) on the list that have expressed interest in 
digging into GPSDO firmware.

Bob

 
 Bob Camp kb...@n1k.org于2014年12月29日星期一写道:
 Hi
 
 Ok, well that’s a move forward on this GPSDO. There is a *lot* more data
 on that listing than there was a month ago.
 
 Thanks for digging it up  and posting the link.
 
 If you look at the ADEV at 1 second, it’s running at 2.67 x10^-11. That’s
 all coming from the Erratum Rb that they are using as a reference. At 100
 seconds the Rb should be around 2.67 x10^-12 and the MV-89 should be about
  2x10^-11. They combine as the square root, so that would be 3.3 ppt or
 less. The unit is running at 4.8 ppt so the filter is having some impact at
 that point.
 
 Out around 5,000 seconds the unit has a major hump. The Nortel GPSTM has
 a similar hump, but much closer in. It’s performance at 5K seconds is much
 better. The Lucent KS boxes beat this part across the entire range. That
 makes some assumptions, since there is no good ADEV data inside 100 seconds
 on the plot.
 
 The final question about the plot would be - what happens at longer tau?
 The run was stopped before it really got past the peak in the filter. It
 would be nice to see some data that at least gets back down to  1 ppt at
 the longer tau’s. Without that data it’s unclear how well the whole system
 is doing. That’s not to say it’s not doing well. It could be doing a great
 job, there’s just no way to know from the data.
 
 
 
 My guess is that this is very much like your counter project, just a bit
 further along. They have a nice looking unit, but are still trying to
 figure out the bugs and finish up the software …
 
 Bob
 
 On Dec 28, 2014, at 6:19 PM, Li Ang lll...@gmail.com wrote:
 
 Hi
  This unit is done by BG7TBL. In his store on taobao.com, there is a
 adev
 chart. Please refrer to this link
 
 http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3.w4002-1278071728.49.XHJlQLid=42336500072
 
 
 
 
 2014-12-29 1:56 GMT+08:00 Dan Rae dan...@verizon.net:
 
 On 12/28/2014 7:25 AM, David Smith wrote:
 
 Hello Friends,
 I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from
 China:
 
 Dave, these have been discussed in the past at some length on this list.
 I would point out that they use a re-cycled Morion OCXO.  I have had
 two of
 these ovens from China; one worked fine, the other has a very high
 level of
 spurious outputs.  I would be wary of using these in anything without
 first
 testing them thoroughly.
 
 Dan
 
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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-30 Thread David Smith
Thanks for the discussion on this GPSDO. 
I researched the archives on this going back a few months but didn't find 
anything. 
Although I consider myself a newby or novice Time-Nut I do have three other 
GPSDO's I've had a Z3801 running for more than 10 years. 
My interest in the unit in question lies in the need for a light weight unit I 
can use as a stable accurate source for my 24 GHz transverter that I use for my 
rover and contesting efforts. I need something light weight as well as accurate 
and stable with low phase noise and needs to be able to be located on or close 
to a portable tripod. I did order one of James Millers units to fulfill these 
needs. I just thought this may be a much less expensive alternative.
Thanks again for the discussion. 
Happy New Year to all! 

Dave - W6TE From: kb...@n1k.org
 Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2014 09:33:06 -0500
 To: time-nuts@febo.com
 Subject: Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China
 
 Hi
 
  On Dec 29, 2014, at 8:51 PM, Li Ang lll...@gmail.com wrote:
  
  Hi
  One of my friend had one. Here is the test result from him.
  
  
 
 Ok, that data is actually more encouraging than the data on the selling site. 
 He ran it long enough to get past the hump in the ADEV curve at 4,000 
 seconds. The blue trace shows that the test setup *can* resolve the data 
 properly. 
 
 So now the question becomes - what is going on with the filter software in 
 the BG7TBL unit? It’s obviously done differently than the HP filter software. 
 There are a number of people (not me) on the list that have expressed 
 interest in digging into GPSDO firmware.
 
 Bob
 
  
  Bob Camp kb...@n1k.org于2014年12月29日星期一写道:
  Hi
  
  Ok, well that’s a move forward on this GPSDO. There is a *lot* more data
  on that listing than there was a month ago.
  
  Thanks for digging it up  and posting the link.
  
  If you look at the ADEV at 1 second, it’s running at 2.67 x10^-11. That’s
  all coming from the Erratum Rb that they are using as a reference. At 100
  seconds the Rb should be around 2.67 x10^-12 and the MV-89 should be about
   2x10^-11. They combine as the square root, so that would be 3.3 ppt or
  less. The unit is running at 4.8 ppt so the filter is having some impact at
  that point.
  
  Out around 5,000 seconds the unit has a major hump. The Nortel GPSTM has
  a similar hump, but much closer in. It’s performance at 5K seconds is much
  better. The Lucent KS boxes beat this part across the entire range. That
  makes some assumptions, since there is no good ADEV data inside 100 seconds
  on the plot.
  
  The final question about the plot would be - what happens at longer tau?
  The run was stopped before it really got past the peak in the filter. It
  would be nice to see some data that at least gets back down to  1 ppt at
  the longer tau’s. Without that data it’s unclear how well the whole system
  is doing. That’s not to say it’s not doing well. It could be doing a great
  job, there’s just no way to know from the data.
  
  
  
  My guess is that this is very much like your counter project, just a bit
  further along. They have a nice looking unit, but are still trying to
  figure out the bugs and finish up the software …
  
  Bob
  
  On Dec 28, 2014, at 6:19 PM, Li Ang lll...@gmail.com wrote:
  
  Hi
   This unit is done by BG7TBL. In his store on taobao.com, there is a
  adev
  chart. Please refrer to this link
  
  http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3.w4002-1278071728.49.XHJlQLid=42336500072
  
  
  
  
  2014-12-29 1:56 GMT+08:00 Dan Rae dan...@verizon.net:
  
  On 12/28/2014 7:25 AM, David Smith wrote:
  
  Hello Friends,
  I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from
  China:
  
  Dave, these have been discussed in the past at some length on this list.
  I would point out that they use a re-cycled Morion OCXO.  I have had
  two of
  these ovens from China; one worked fine, the other has a very high
  level of
  spurious outputs.  I would be wary of using these in anything without
  first
  testing them thoroughly.
  
  Dan
  
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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-29 Thread Charles Steinmetz

Li Ang wrote:


This unit is done by BG7TBL. In his store on taobao.com,
there is a adev chart. Please refrer to this link


That ADEV chart (see below) raises more questions than it 
answers.  At least the time constant is not too short (a very common 
problem with DIY GPSDOs).  But when the GPS takes over above the 
crossover (tau ~ 5000 seconds), the ADEV is ~2e-11.  GPS should be 
significantly better than this at 5000 seconds.  It appears that 
something is wrong with the design.


Best regards,

Charles

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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-29 Thread Chris Albertson
I remember seeing this same unit here on this list some weeks ago.  As I
remember it is built from some plans that were published.   You can see
that it uses a surplus OCXO.  The seller is good to claim the specs of his
GPSDO as being two orders of magnitude above the OCXO.  because we don't
know what surplus OCXO this unit will be shipped with.   If you just want a
low cost GPSDO you can build one for maybe $50 total and then it is
repairable and should last forever.  If you want predictable performance
you'll have to buy a name brand commercial unit.  This Chinese built unit
looks to be aimed at someone who needs a lab bench reference to keep his
frequency counter on calibration and does not want to do any soldering.

On Sun, Dec 28, 2014 at 7:25 AM, David Smith w...@msn.com wrote:

 Hello Friends,
 I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from
 China:
 http://www.ebay.com/itm/GPS-DISCPLINED-CLOCK-GPSDO-10M-OUTPUT-SQUARE-WAVE-/111514491254?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0hash=item19f6c81976
 It looks interesting and tempting BUT the seller doesn't give any
 spec's on the unit or osc type. The seller has 10 negative and 18 neutral
 feedback's in the past 6 months out of a total of 2110 for a feedback score
 of 99.6%; many for poor communication.
 Does anyone on the list have any experience with this GPSDO? Any advice on
 buying one?
 Best regards and Happy New Year!

 Dave - W6TE
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-- 

Chris Albertson
Redondo Beach, California
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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-29 Thread Marco IK1ODO -2
The OCXO is a Morion (Russia) MV89A. You may download a datasheet 
from http://www.morion.com.ru/catalog_pdf/MV89-OCXO.pdf

Looks decent, stability vs. temperature and aging are as usual.

BG7TBL is a Chinese radioamateur, quite known for his designs.

73 - Marco IK1ODO

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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-29 Thread Bob Camp
Hi

Ok, well that’s a move forward on this GPSDO. There is a *lot* more data on 
that listing than there was a month ago. 

Thanks for digging it up  and posting the link.

If you look at the ADEV at 1 second, it’s running at 2.67 x10^-11. That’s all 
coming from the Erratum Rb that they are using as a reference. At 100 seconds 
the Rb should be around 2.67 x10^-12 and the MV-89 should be about  2x10^-11. 
They combine as the square root, so that would be 3.3 ppt or less. The unit is 
running at 4.8 ppt so the filter is having some impact at that point. 

Out around 5,000 seconds the unit has a major hump. The Nortel GPSTM has a 
similar hump, but much closer in. It’s performance at 5K seconds is much 
better. The Lucent KS boxes beat this part across the entire range. That makes 
some assumptions, since there is no good ADEV data inside 100 seconds on the 
plot.

The final question about the plot would be - what happens at longer tau? The 
run was stopped before it really got past the peak in the filter. It would be 
nice to see some data that at least gets back down to  1 ppt at the longer 
tau’s. Without that data it’s unclear how well the whole system is doing. 
That’s not to say it’s not doing well. It could be doing a great job, there’s 
just no way to know from the data. 



My guess is that this is very much like your counter project, just a bit 
further along. They have a nice looking unit, but are still trying to figure 
out the bugs and finish up the software …

Bob

 On Dec 28, 2014, at 6:19 PM, Li Ang lll...@gmail.com wrote:
 
 Hi
   This unit is done by BG7TBL. In his store on taobao.com, there is a adev
 chart. Please refrer to this link
 http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3.w4002-1278071728.49.XHJlQLid=42336500072
 
 
 
 
 2014-12-29 1:56 GMT+08:00 Dan Rae dan...@verizon.net:
 
 On 12/28/2014 7:25 AM, David Smith wrote:
 
 Hello Friends,
 I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from
 China:
 
 Dave, these have been discussed in the past at some length on this list.
 I would point out that they use a re-cycled Morion OCXO.  I have had two of
 these ovens from China; one worked fine, the other has a very high level of
 spurious outputs.  I would be wary of using these in anything without first
 testing them thoroughly.
 
 Dan
 
 ___
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 mailman/listinfo/time-nuts
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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-29 Thread xaos
You have to give the guy credit for trying.
What is a shame here is that he did not
publish the schematics and the source code.

If anyone knows him he should just ask him. We tend to
be sceptics here but that's the nature of the game.
However, I don't want anyone to think that we are elitist.

I remember my first GPSDO, by Brooks Sherra,
on QST. I remember reading the schematic and the
source code many times until I got it. It
is the reason I got interested in time-nuts
to begin with.

So, I think we would all benefit from going a bit
deeper on this new unit. I hope the designer
is reading this.

GKH, N2FGX

On 12/29/2014 12:50 AM, Charles Steinmetz wrote:
 Li Ang wrote:

 This unit is done by BG7TBL. In his store on taobao.com,
 there is a adev chart. Please refrer to this link

 That ADEV chart (see below) raises more questions than it answers.  At
 least the time constant is not too short (a very common problem with
 DIY GPSDOs).  But when the GPS takes over above the crossover (tau ~
 5000 seconds), the ADEV is ~2e-11.  GPS should be significantly better
 than this at 5000 seconds.  It appears that something is wrong with
 the design.

 Best regards,

 Charles



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[time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-28 Thread David Smith
Hello Friends,
I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from China: 
http://www.ebay.com/itm/GPS-DISCPLINED-CLOCK-GPSDO-10M-OUTPUT-SQUARE-WAVE-/111514491254?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0hash=item19f6c81976
It looks interesting and tempting BUT the seller doesn't give any spec's on 
the unit or osc type. The seller has 10 negative and 18 neutral feedback's in 
the past 6 months out of a total of 2110 for a feedback score of 99.6%; many 
for poor communication.
Does anyone on the list have any experience with this GPSDO? Any advice on 
buying one?
Best regards and Happy New Year!

Dave - W6TE   
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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-28 Thread billriches
Hi Dave,

Bite the bullet and spring for the Lucent pair on Ebay - $150 , new, and the
pair work fine.  Lots of info on the list about them.  

73,

Bill, WA2DVU
Cape May

-Original Message-
From: time-nuts [mailto:time-nuts-boun...@febo.com] On Behalf Of David Smith
Sent: Sunday, December 28, 2014 10:25 AM
To: time-nuts@febo.com
Subject: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

Hello Friends,
I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from China:
http://www.ebay.com/itm/GPS-DISCPLINED-CLOCK-GPSDO-10M-OUTPUT-SQUARE-WAVE-/1
11514491254?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0hash=item19f6c81976

Dave - W6TE   
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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-28 Thread Dan Rae

On 12/28/2014 7:25 AM, David Smith wrote:

Hello Friends,
I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from China:
Dave, these have been discussed in the past at some length on this 
list.  I would point out that they use a re-cycled Morion OCXO.  I have 
had two of these ovens from China; one worked fine, the other has a very 
high level of spurious outputs.  I would be wary of using these in 
anything without first testing them thoroughly.


Dan
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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-28 Thread Li Ang
Hi
   This unit is done by BG7TBL. In his store on taobao.com, there is a adev
chart. Please refrer to this link
http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3.w4002-1278071728.49.XHJlQLid=42336500072




2014-12-29 1:56 GMT+08:00 Dan Rae dan...@verizon.net:

 On 12/28/2014 7:25 AM, David Smith wrote:

 Hello Friends,
 I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from
 China:

 Dave, these have been discussed in the past at some length on this list.
 I would point out that they use a re-cycled Morion OCXO.  I have had two of
 these ovens from China; one worked fine, the other has a very high level of
 spurious outputs.  I would be wary of using these in anything without first
 testing them thoroughly.

 Dan

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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-28 Thread Bob Camp
Hi

Quick summary if you don’t want to go back a month or two in the archives:

1) They appear to be a club project done by a ham club in China.

2) There are multiple versions in the pictures, some with more jumpers, some 
with fewer jumpers.

3) The design appears to be pretty new. Dates are all quite recent. 

4) If English language doc’s or schematics exist on the part, nobody has been 
able to find them. To the extent translation software will let one look around, 
the same is true of Chinese doc’s. 

5) If they interface to any sort of software, that information (and software) 
also seems to be among the “missing bits”. 

6) They appear to be one off hand built units made from parts commonly 
available in the local Chinese market. The OCXO may (or may not) be the only 
suspect part on the unit you get.

Simply put - we don’t really know anything at all about them. There is more 
information on things like the LTE Lite and the KS boxes. Both are in a similar 
price league to the Chinese box. That brings up the basic question of - why 
risk your money? The may be fine units. The doc’s might be out there. Until the 
doc’s show up and a seller posts some data, I’d stay away. If it’s your 20th 
GPSDO and you already have a couple of LTE’s and a couple pairs of KS’s - go 
for it. I would not make it my first GPSDO.

Bob

 On Dec 28, 2014, at 12:56 PM, Dan Rae dan...@verizon.net wrote:
 
 On 12/28/2014 7:25 AM, David Smith wrote:
 Hello Friends,
 I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from China:
 Dave, these have been discussed in the past at some length on this list.  I 
 would point out that they use a re-cycled Morion OCXO.  I have had two of 
 these ovens from China; one worked fine, the other has a very high level of 
 spurious outputs.  I would be wary of using these in anything without first 
 testing them thoroughly.
 
 Dan
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Re: [time-nuts] New GPSDO on EBAY From China

2014-12-28 Thread Charles Steinmetz

Dave wrote:


I found this new inexpensive GPSDO on ebay listed from a seller from China:

It looks interesting and tempting BUT the seller doesn't give 
any spec's on the unit or osc type. The seller has 10 negative and 
18 neutral feedback's in the past 6 months out of a total of 2110 
for a feedback score of 99.6%; many for poor communication.
Does anyone on the list have any experience with this GPSDO? Any 
advice on buying one?


The photo looks like the whole main board was soldered by hand rather 
than by reflow.  So, they appear to be onsie-twosies, not 
manufactured products.  The probability of assembly errors goes way 
up for hand-assembled items.


As Dan already pointed out, it uses a recycled Morion OCXO, and the 
failure rate of surplus Morion OCXOs is quite high.  There is also no 
information about the PLL loop, and with a DIY circuit the 
presumption always has to be that it is not well designed (until the 
presumption is rebutted by measurement data -- and in this case, 
there is none).


Finally, because of the way that ebay seller ratings work in 
practice, anything below 99.9% is a RISKY feedback score, 
IMO.  Particularly if something is coming from so far away that it is 
hard or costly to return, I wouldn't buy from a vendor with a 99.6% 
feedback score.


Could it be that the seller carefully QC's the Morions and they are 
all good?  Could it be that he knows how to design a good long-TC 
all-digital PLL?  Yes, both are possible.  But until someone 
independent and with stature and a track record in such matters (tvb, 
Ackermann, and/or Miles) tests a few and posts the results, the 
presumption is against both propositions.


Best regards,

Charles



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