Re: [Vo]:LENR fuel deployment
If things get as I expect, soon some good nanotech labs in EU will be able
to manufacture what LENR scientists will propose.
Surprising what they can do today just with crazy ideas.
Fractal, periodic, random, holes or rods...
This make the need of a working theory more acute.
How to build a LENR "perfect" NAE atom by atom, if you don't have a plan.
2015-12-05 20:19 GMT+01:00 Ken Deboer :
> Hi Axil et al,
> This makes me wonder (as many of you probably also have) about some new
> particular ways to approach manufacturing the reactor from scratch. It
> seems certain that structure, especially micro- and nano-structure, of the
> fuel especially is just as important as the material itself.
> 'Additive manufacturing' is all the rage nowaday, especially with metals
> and exotic materials, like graphene for example. Recently I saw where XJET
> in Israel is coming out with a metal nanoparticle inkjet 3D printer.
> "nanomanufacturing". It might be nice, then, if some enterprising group
> could try to build reactors almost atom by atom and then test those under
> various conditions. For example, I'm thinking of the kind of manufactured
> Casimir cavities in the recent patent app of Charles Hillel Rosendorf,
> 2014, ("Methods and equipment for quantum vacuum energy extraction" US
> 201400092521). I myself really wouldn't be able to tell the difference
> between a Casimir cavity and a bear cave, but it seems from you and others'
> conversations that whistling H or D thru them sets off some interesting
> cascades. Anyway, it would also be very nice if the Energy Dept, for
> one,would get on the stick and put some real money and effort into the
> whole arena. It would be more than interesting to see some of the grant
> applications from new - and old- blood if that happened.
> cheers, ken
>
> On Fri, Dec 4, 2015 at 5:40 PM, Axil Axil wrote:
>
>> [image: Thumbnail]
>>
>>
>> Back in the early days, the cause of the breakup between Defkalion and
>> Rossi was the tendency for Rossi's reactor to blow apart during startup.
>> This was caused by a pileup of the fuel in the center of the reaction
>> chamber. When DGT started their R&D, they hit upon a technique that spread
>> the nickel micro powder evenly across the reaction chamber and held the
>> powder more or less spread equally within the volume of the reaction
>> chamber. . Dekalion used a nickel metal foam to hold the particles
>> suspended in space so that the powder does not settle in a pile in the
>> middle of the reaction tube.
>>
>> There are indications that Rossi is doing the same metal mesh based
>> powder suspension method.
>>
>> If a replicator experiences a tube explosion, he is close to a successful
>> LENR reaction. The replicator would be well served to insert a metal nano
>> mesh into his alumina tube to keep the fuel particles distributed in the
>> reaction chamber.
>>
>
>
Re: [Vo]:Re: CMNS: JCF-16 subjective preview, notes info for Nov 26, 2015
How to build a Rossi powder pretreatment processor. I copied this design from Ken Shoulders. Firstly, the spark can be generated at the tip of a sharply pointed electrode when a large negative charge (2-10 kv) is applied. A dielectric plate (preferably fused quartz or alumina, typically 0.0254 cm thick) intervenes between the emitter cathode and the collector anode. I believe that Rossi uses fued quartz because a particle of silicon oxide was found in the pretreated fuel by the Lugano fuel analysis. A thin channel is cut in the dielectric as a holder for the 5 micron nickel powder. This allows the spark to follow the channel and interact with the nickel powder. The arc makes a streak of light as it travels across the surface of the dielectric following the channel, and imparts a localized surface charge. An amount of time suffent to allow the electric charge produced by the spark to disperse so that the next spark will follow the channel. Unless this charge is dispersed, it will cause the next spark to follow another path. A witness plate of metal foil may be positioned to intercept the spark, and will sustain visible damage from their impact. The foil thus serves to detect and locate the entities even if they are invisible. The anode current value can vary from 1 to 6 amperes. Shoulders has found that a 1-ampere level of anode current is produced by a chain of 3-5 EV beads whose overall diameter is about 3 micrometers. A sufficiently low load resistor must be used so that the voltage will not rise and deflect the EV. For a 2 kv pulse, a rise of 500 volts at the anode is a reasonable maximum. The rise rate is very high, and a wide-band oscilloscope is required to measure it. Otherwise, a capacitively coupled load must be provided for the EV. There is an upper EV size or current limit that can be collected for any particular wire size. The EV generator is typically about 10 mm. long, but the generation and manipulation of EVs can be accomplished with structures as small as 10 micrometers. The materials used in its construction need be very stable and durable to withstand the high energy of EVs. The generator also can be tubular, and it can be designed to operate in a vacuum or in a gaseous atmosphere. In a high vacuum system, the space between the cathode and anode should be less than 1 mm for a 2 kv charge. In a gaseous atmosphere of a few torrs pressure, the distance between the electrodes can extend to over 60 cm if a ground plane is positioned next to or around the tube. The negative pulse can vary from a few nanoseconds to continuous DC without unduly influencing the production of EVs. A series resistor is placed between the pulse voltage source and the EV generator, and a scope is used to monitor the voltage. The current is calculated from the resistor value and the voltage drop.Long pulse conditions in a gas atmosphere require the use of an input resistor to prevent a sustained glow discharge within the tube. The discharge is easily quenched under low pressure or vacuum conditions. Using a pulse period of 0.1 microsecond, for example, a resistor value of 500 to 1500 ohms is practical for operation in either a vacuum or gaseous regime. The cathode may be constructed of copper or a wide variety of other materials (Ag, Ni, Al, etc.). I would suggest nickel. It must have a sharp tip or edge so that a very high field can concentrate there. However, the dissipation of energy by EV production destroys the electrode tip, which must be regenerated. This can be accomplished with a liquid conductor such as mercury. Non-metal conductors also may be used instead (i.e., glycerin doped with potassium iodide, or nitroglycerin/nitric acid). The pulse rate of the power applied to the cathode must be low enough to allow migration of the liquid conductor. Rossi probably uses mercury as the liquid cathode because of the heavy element residue present on his nickel fuel particles. The cathode also can be embedded within a guide groove in the dielectric base. Such a cathode may be made of metallic paste. The residue on Rossi fuel leads me to suspect that the following method was used to process his fuel. Molybdenum powder is preferable because silver or copper are too soluble in mercury to be useful in such a film circuit. A surface embedded cathode enables the propagation of EVs with only 500 volts and a much higher pulse rate. Molybdenum was found in the Lugano fuel analysis. --- Pausing for some observations about the Lugano report: "Sample 2 was the fuel used to charge the E-Cat. It’s in the form of a very fine powder. Besides the analyzed elements it has been found that the fuel also contains rather high concentrations of C, Ca, Cl, Fe, Mg, Mn and these are not found in the ash." I believe that these elements were transmutation products produce by the fuel pretreatment process. Also, the large numbers of heavy elements that were welded onto the surface of the nickel powder were produced in prep
Re: [Vo]:LENR fuel deployment
How to build a Rossi powder pretreatment processor. I copied this design from Ken Shoulders. Firstly, the spark can be generated at the tip of a sharply pointed electrode when a large negative charge (2-10 kv) is applied. A dielectric plate (preferably fused quartz or alumina, typically 0.0254 cm thick) intervenes between the emitter cathode and the collector anode. I believe that Rossi uses fued quartz because a particle of silicon oxide was found in the pretreated fuel by the Lugano fuel analysis. A thin channel is cut in the dielectric as a holder for the 5 micron nickel powder. This allows the spark to follow the channel and interact with the nickel powder. The arc makes a streak of light as it travels across the surface of the dielectric following the channel, and imparts a localized surface charge. An amount of time suffent to allow the electric charge produced by the spark to disperse so that the next spark will follow the channel. Unless this charge is dispersed, it will cause the next spark to follow another path. A witness plate of metal foil may be positioned to intercept the spark, and will sustain visible damage from their impact. The foil thus serves to detect and locate the entities even if they are invisible. The anode current value can vary from 1 to 6 amperes. Shoulders has found that a 1-ampere level of anode current is produced by a chain of 3-5 EV beads whose overall diameter is about 3 micrometers. A sufficiently low load resistor must be used so that the voltage will not rise and deflect the EV. For a 2 kv pulse, a rise of 500 volts at the anode is a reasonable maximum. The rise rate is very high, and a wide-band oscilloscope is required to measure it. Otherwise, a capacitively coupled load must be provided for the EV. There is an upper EV size or current limit that can be collected for any particular wire size. The EV generator is typically about 10 mm. long, but the generation and manipulation of EVs can be accomplished with structures as small as 10 micrometers. The materials used in its construction need be very stable and durable to withstand the high energy of EVs. The generator also can be tubular, and it can be designed to operate in a vacuum or in a gaseous atmosphere. In a high vacuum system, the space between the cathode and anode should be less than 1 mm for a 2 kv charge. In a gaseous atmosphere of a few torrs pressure, the distance between the electrodes can extend to over 60 cm if a ground plane is positioned next to or around the tube. The negative pulse can vary from a few nanoseconds to continuous DC without unduly influencing the production of EVs. A series resistor is placed between the pulse voltage source and the EV generator, and a scope is used to monitor the voltage. The current is calculated from the resistor value and the voltage drop.Long pulse conditions in a gas atmosphere require the use of an input resistor to prevent a sustained glow discharge within the tube. The discharge is easily quenched under low pressure or vacuum conditions. Using a pulse period of 0.1 microsecond, for example, a resistor value of 500 to 1500 ohms is practical for operation in either a vacuum or gaseous regime. The cathode may be constructed of copper or a wide variety of other materials (Ag, Ni, Al, etc.). I would suggest nickel. It must have a sharp tip or edge so that a very high field can concentrate there. However, the dissipation of energy by EV production destroys the electrode tip, which must be regenerated. This can be accomplished with a liquid conductor such as mercury. Non-metal conductors also may be used instead (i.e., glycerin doped with potassium iodide, or nitroglycerin/nitric acid). The pulse rate of the power applied to the cathode must be low enough to allow migration of the liquid conductor. Rossi probably uses mercury as the liquid cathode because of the heavy element residue present on his nickel fuel particles. The cathode also can be embedded within a guide groove in the dielectric base. Such a cathode may be made of metallic paste. The residue on Rossi fuel leads me to suspect that the following method was used to process his fuel. Molybdenum powder is preferable because silver or copper are too soluble in mercury to be useful in such a film circuit. A surface embedded cathode enables the propagation of EVs with only 500 volts and a much higher pulse rate. Molybdenum was found in the Lugano fuel analysis. Pausing for some observations about the Lugano report: "Sample 2 was the fuel used to charge the E-Cat. It’s in the form of a very fine powder. Besides the analyzed elements it has been found that the fuel also contains rather high concentrations of C, Ca, Cl, Fe, Mg, Mn and these are not found in the ash." I believe that these elements were transmutation products produce by the fuel pretreatment process. Also, the large numbers of heavy elements that were welded onto the surface of the nickel powder were produced in preprocessing. The e
Re: [Vo]: How many atoms to make condensed matter?
In reply to Eric Walker's message of Fri, 4 Dec 2015 18:12:56 -0600: Hi Eric, [snip] Ok, I had that completely wrong. I forgot that He4 itself doesn't have as high a binding energy per nucleon as most of the other elements. In short it should fuse with almost anything stable, provided that the Coulomb barrier can be overcome. >On Fri, Dec 4, 2015 at 3:07 PM, wrote: > >I guess there are some exceptions. :) >> > >For exothermic 4He + Pd reactions with 1-3 daughters which also occur in >nature, I get a count of 269 reactions. If one removes the limitation on >unstable daughters, I get a count of 4556 reactions. > >4He + 102Pd => 26Mg + 80Kr + 8602 keV >4He + 106Pd => 22Ne + 88Sr + 8464 keV >4He + 104Pd => 4He + 30Si + 74Ge + 8460 keV > >(Some of the reactions spit a 4He back out.) > >However try this for the reactions that Iwamura reported. >> > >To get from cesium to praseodymium, we have: > >4He + 133Cs => gamma + 137La + 1495 keV >4He + 137La => gamma + 141Pr + 1300 keV > >To get from strontium to molybdenum, we have: > >4He + 88Sr => gamma + 92Zr + 2963 keV >4He + 92Zr => gamma + 96Mo + 2759 keV > >The case of barium to samarium does appear to be endothermic; e.g., > >4He + 137Ba => gamma + 141Ce + 139 keV >4He + 141Ce => gamma + 145Nd + -1579 keV >4He + 145Nd => gamma + 149Sm + -1872 keV > >Iwamura and the other authors had trouble confirming samarium when they >started with 137Ba, although they thought it was probable. It makes sense >that this chain would have been attenuated due to the endothermic steps. >But if the result was in fact real, it also suggests that the alphas are >travelling with ~ 3-9 MeV of energy. :) > >The actual chains would have been more complex in the case of barium >because some of the intermediate steps are unstable. But a more complete >analysis shows that several paths that diverge will eventually reconverge >on samarium. > >Eric Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://rvanspaa.freehostia.com/project.html
Re: [Vo]:LENR fuel deployment
Hi Axil et al,
This makes me wonder (as many of you probably also have) about some new
particular ways to approach manufacturing the reactor from scratch. It
seems certain that structure, especially micro- and nano-structure, of the
fuel especially is just as important as the material itself.
'Additive manufacturing' is all the rage nowaday, especially with metals
and exotic materials, like graphene for example. Recently I saw where XJET
in Israel is coming out with a metal nanoparticle inkjet 3D printer.
"nanomanufacturing". It might be nice, then, if some enterprising group
could try to build reactors almost atom by atom and then test those under
various conditions. For example, I'm thinking of the kind of manufactured
Casimir cavities in the recent patent app of Charles Hillel Rosendorf,
2014, ("Methods and equipment for quantum vacuum energy extraction" US
201400092521). I myself really wouldn't be able to tell the difference
between a Casimir cavity and a bear cave, but it seems from you and others'
conversations that whistling H or D thru them sets off some interesting
cascades. Anyway, it would also be very nice if the Energy Dept, for
one,would get on the stick and put some real money and effort into the
whole arena. It would be more than interesting to see some of the grant
applications from new - and old- blood if that happened.
cheers, ken
On Fri, Dec 4, 2015 at 5:40 PM, Axil Axil wrote:
> [image: Thumbnail]
>
>
> Back in the early days, the cause of the breakup between Defkalion and
> Rossi was the tendency for Rossi's reactor to blow apart during startup.
> This was caused by a pileup of the fuel in the center of the reaction
> chamber. When DGT started their R&D, they hit upon a technique that spread
> the nickel micro powder evenly across the reaction chamber and held the
> powder more or less spread equally within the volume of the reaction
> chamber. . Dekalion used a nickel metal foam to hold the particles
> suspended in space so that the powder does not settle in a pile in the
> middle of the reaction tube.
>
> There are indications that Rossi is doing the same metal mesh based powder
> suspension method.
>
> If a replicator experiences a tube explosion, he is close to a successful
> LENR reaction. The replicator would be well served to insert a metal nano
> mesh into his alumina tube to keep the fuel particles distributed in the
> reaction chamber.
>
[Vo]:Cost of coal including externalities
Wind, solar, gas or nuclear power is far cheaper when you include externalities. See: http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2015/08/coals-externalities-medical-air-quality-financial-environmental/401075/ QUOTE: [Researchers] estimated that the sum total of coal’s externalities amounted to between 9.42 cents and 26.89 cents per kilowatt-hour. Their best guess put it at 17.84 cents. The United States’ dependence on coal cost the public “a third to over one-half of a trillion dollars annually,” they wrote. - Jed
[Vo]:LENR MICRO-BILLIONAIRES CALLING FINANCIAL BILLIONAIRES OF BECFICE
my voice now: http://egooutpeters.blogspot.ro/2015/12/05-dec-2015-lenr-micro-billionaires.html chorus coming? peter -- Dr. Peter Gluck Cluj, Romania http://egooutpeters.blogspot.com
RE: EXTERNAL: RE: [Vo]:Conservation of miracles
Jones,, I still think it is space time accelerating the decay due to Casimir geometry but.. close enough! Fran From: Jones Beene [mailto:jone...@pacbell.net] Sent: Friday, December 04, 2015 3:50 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: EXTERNAL: RE: [Vo]:Conservation of miracles From: Eric Walker > The end result is that the only workable approach is to completely > separate the two– deuterium-based from protium-based, as being fundamentally > different. And why not? One question I've been mulling over is whether the hydrogen and deuterium simply catalyze the induced decay of something else, and whether deuterium just does a better job of this. In this case they would not be consumed in any reaction in any quantity. Eric, Imagine that the single common denominator of any gainful reaction involving hydrogen and/or deuterium involves the prior formation of a denser allotrope of either isotope. It does not matter if the formation stage is exothermic or endothermic, since what happens latter is of greater importance. The dense form of either hydrogen isotope would then catalyze the decay of an atom like lithium or potassium via a glancing approach to the nucleus, not close enough for fusion but disruptive. Many successful cold fusion experiments have used lithium electrolyte. Lithium would undergo accelerated decay to helium – thus fooling the experimenter into believing the helium came from fusion, instead of accelerated decay… despite the lack of gamma. This assumes that accelerated decay has a much higher cross-section than fusion (a very defensible proposition). And to complete the scenario – this reaction with lithium could be happening in addition to the accelerated decay of deuterium. Thus in the end, we would have no fusion, no gamma, but we would find helium in rough proportion to the excess heat seen in the reaction, if the deuterium decay predominates.
[Vo]:plain text, Mark and Priscilla Zuckerberg and daughter Max -- $45 billion to creatively bless everyone: Rich Murray 2015.12.04
plain text, Mark and Priscilla Zuckerberg and daughter Max -- $45 billion to creatively bless everyone: Rich Murray 2015.12.04 http://rmforall.blogspot.com/2015/12/plain-text-mark-and-priscilla.html https://www.facebook.com/notes/mark-zuckerberg/a-letter-to-our-daughter/10153375081581634 Chan Zuckerberg Initiative shared Mark Zuckerberg's note. December 1 at 1:09 pm PST Tuesday 2015 Mark Zuckerberg December 1 at 1:08 pm Priscilla and I are so happy to welcome our daughter Max into this world! For her birth, we wrote a letter to her about the world we hope she grows up in. It's a world where our generation can advance human potential and promote equality -- by curing disease, personalizing learning, harnessing clean energy, connecting people, building strong communities, reducing poverty, providing equal rights and spreading understanding across nations. We are committed to doing our small part to help create this world for all children. We will give 99% of our Facebook shares -- currently about $45 billion -- during our lives to join many others in improving this world for the next generation. Thank you to everyone in this community for all your love and support during the pregnancy. You've given us hope that together we can build this world for Max and all children. A letter to our daughter MARK ZUCKERBERG·TUESDAY, DECEMBER 1, 2015 Dear Max, Your mother and I don't yet have the words to describe the hope you give us for the future. Your new life is full of promise, and we hope you will be happy and healthy so you can explore it fully. You've already given us a reason to reflect on the world we hope you live in. Like all parents, we want you to grow up in a world better than ours today. While headlines often focus on what's wrong, in many ways the world is getting better. Health is improving. Poverty is shrinking. Knowledge is growing. People are connecting. Technological progress in every field means your life should be dramatically better than ours today. We will do our part to make this happen, not only because we love you, but also because we have a moral responsibility to all children in the next generation. We believe all lives have equal value, and that includes the many more people who will live in future generations than live today. Our society has an obligation to invest now to improve the lives of all those coming into this world, not just those already here. But right now, we don't always collectively direct our resources at the biggest opportunities and problems your generation will face. Consider disease. Today we spend about 50 times more as a society treating people who are sick than we invest in research so you won't get sick in the first place. Medicine has only been a real science for less than 100 years, and we've already seen complete cures for some diseases and good progress for others. As technology accelerates, we have a real shot at preventing, curing or managing all or most of the rest in the next 100 years. Today, most people die from five things -- heart disease, cancer, stroke, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases -- and we can make faster progress on these and other problems. Once we recognize that your generation and your children's generation may not have to suffer from disease, we collectively have a responsibility to tilt our investments a bit more towards the future to make this reality. Your mother and I want to do our part. Curing disease will take time. Over short periods of five or ten years, it may not seem like we're making much of a difference. But over the long term, seeds planted now will grow, and one day, you or your children will see what we can only imagine: a world without suffering from disease. There are so many opportunities just like this. If society focuses more of its energy on these great challenges, we will leave your generation a much better world. • • • Our hopes for your generation focus on two ideas: advancing human potential and promoting equality. Advancing human potential is about pushing the boundaries on how great a human life can be. Can you learn and experience 100 times more than we do today? Can our generation cure disease so you live much longer and healthier lives? Can we connect the world so you have access to every idea, person and opportunity? Can we harness more clean energy so you can invent things we can't conceive of today while protecting the environment? Can we cultivate entrepreneurship so you can build any business and solve any challenge to grow peace and prosperity? Promoting equality is about making sure everyone has access to these opportunities -- regardless of the nation, families or circumstances they are born into. Our society must do this not only for justice or charity, but for the greatness of human progress. Today we are robbed of the potential so many have to offer. The only way to achieve our full potential is to channel the talents, ideas and contributions of every person i
