Good point about ppm. What exactly is ppm? As I understand it it is parts per million by weight. Since 1 liter of water weighs a million milligrams (or 1 millileter of water weighs a million micrograms) the terms ppm ug/ml and mg/L should be equivalent. But what are you measuring with whatever device is reporting ppm? Number of particles? Number of charges? -----Original Message----- From: poida <[email protected]> To: [email protected] <[email protected]> Date: Sunday, May 16, 1999 9:20 AM Subject: CS Electrochemistry - exactly what is CS?
>We have been reading this NG for a couple of weeks. May I make the >following comments: > >1. CS - whatever it is - is given as ppm. Since colloidal size can vary >over two to three orders of magnitude this term is hardly exact! ug/ml >would be better. Has anyone actually measured the CS size range? > >2. CS cures I have read are all anecdote. There is zero medical evidence >that CS at 30 ppm say can cure anything or have any antiseptic effect. >About the only orally ingested drug which can (and does) have an effect >at these low levels is LSD. > >3. But what actually is the electrochemistry of the CS production. A >chemistry friend who has a PhD in colloidal silver and palladium (using >the Bredig process) has just tested two CS units he found had been >purchased by his students. He tested them and here is what he found: > > >In the first unit when the two Ag electrodes are placed in distilled >water and a current >drawn, the reactions occurring INITIALLY at the cathode and anodes are >as >follows: > >Cathode: H2O + 2e- ---> H2 gas + 2OH- >Anode : Ag -----> Ag+ + e- > >Now in distilled water which will have a pH near neutrality or slightly >lower (5-7) due to dissolbved CO2, the released Ag+ ion from the anode >is >stable in solution...BUT as the cathode reaction proceeds (and we see a >gas >given off) the pH of the medium increases since hydroxide ion is being >released. > >Aqueous Ag+ ion is UNSTABLE at higher pH and begins to precipitate as >the >silver oxide This gives rise to a browny colour in the solution. Over >the >course of time it is entirely possible that some Ag+ (if sufficient >remains >in solution) may also make it to the cathode and also be reduced to form > >silver (though this generally manifests itself as a dendrites (these >could >also be silver oxide forming)). At any rate, I believe that silver oxide >is >responsible for the colouration we see (there could be some complex >photochemistry operating as well but lets not complicate the >issue)....at >any rate, the manufacturers of this apparatus claim that Ag+ cannot be >present ..this is bunk ...of course it is present other wise how else >would >the silver oxide form by precipitation as the pH rises?? > >To prove my point, we did an experiment with the second silver >generator that was bought by >my other student ....in contrast to the first apparatus which produced >the BROWN solution, this one produced a CLOUDY WHITE >solution and ALSO exhibited a high pH after 20 minutes or so of 9.3. Why > >the difference??? Well the manufacturers of the machine recommended the >addition of common table salt (sodium chloride) to enhance conductivity! > >The white solid that thus formed was not silver oxide but SILVER >CHLORIDE >as this compound is relatively more insoluble than silver oxide and thus > >forms preferentially. It forms by simple reaction between Ag+ and Cl- in > >solution thus demonstrating reasonably conclusively the production of >Ag+ >during the electochemical process. > > >What is very clear from these tests is that no Ag metal is produced. The >idea that the electric current causes little bits of silver to jump off >or dissolve from the silver electrode to silver colloidal particles in >the distilled water is just wrong. The idea may be appealing but it is >wrong electrochemically: it cannot happen. What is being formed is >silver oxide. Some settles out on the bottom of the container, while >some remains suspended in solution. > >CS produced this way is dissolved Ag2O and suspended particles of Ag2O. >It is certainly not metallic silver. > >5. It must be noted that metallic silver and ionic silver are two >completely different chemical states with completely different chemical >properties. (Just like H2O is different to H2 or O2. And NaCl is >completely different to sodium metal and chlorine gas.) Many of the CS >sites do not make clear which silver state they are talking about. >Metallic silver has no antiseptic properties and is not a trace element >required by the body. > >Ionic silver is a mild antisepitc but at much higher concentrations than >30 ppm (whatever that actually is.) Ionic silver is not required by the >body. > >6. No amount of CS as produced above could possibly cause argyria. >General systemic argyria needs at lease 10 grams of ionic silver taken >taken over 6 months. > >7. Eating mushrooms will give you more ionic silver than CS produced as >above. Milk has a natural ionic silver content at about the same level >as Ag2O produced in these CS cells. > >peter crowcroft >Cancer & Tumor Information Site >http://kitsrus.com/pheo.html > > > >-- >The silver-list is a moderated forum for discussion of colloidal silver. > >To join or quit silver-list or silver-digest send an e-mail message to: >[email protected] -or- [email protected] >with the word subscribe or unsubscribe in the SUBJECT line. > >To post, address your message to: [email protected] > >List maintainer: Mike Devour <[email protected]> > > -- The silver-list is a moderated forum for discussion of colloidal silver. To join or quit silver-list or silver-digest send an e-mail message to: [email protected] -or- [email protected] with the word subscribe or unsubscribe in the SUBJECT line. To post, address your message to: [email protected] List maintainer: Mike Devour <[email protected]>
