The abstracts I read suggest that silver is toxic to fish embryos and
adult fish at relevant silver concentration levels. Nanoparticles appear
less toxic than ions. But the particles go everywhere, even the brain,
and release ions. A noted cause of mortality to adult fish is
disruption of sodium uptake in the gills. In embryos, free radical
damage and DNA damage cause distortions and dysfunction.
If my goal is to kill microbes and fungi with silver, then I would want
to somehow maximize the toxicity to certain life forms and reduce
toxicity to a minimum for other life forms. Capping with herb extracts
seems like one promising approach. Limiting doses to periods of time
might be wise.
a concentration of 3 ug/cm2 killed all the fish in this study
Silver nanospheres are cytotoxic and genotoxic to fish cells
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20060603/
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Bianchini et al believe that
'Acute silver toxicity in aquatic animals is a function of sodium uptake
rate'
Adalto Bianchini
"the key mechanism of acute silver toxicity consists of reduction in Na+
uptake by blockade of gill Na+,K+-ATPase;"
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whereas Sayed et al find that the toxicity of silver nanoparticles in
C. gariepinus embryos is caused by oxidative stress and genotoxicity.
The embryos were distorted at the nanogram per liter level
"Embryos were treated with (0, 25, 50, 75ng/L silver nanoparticles) in
water."
=====================================
Gagne et al report a difference in toxic mechanisms between nanoparticle
and ions, with nanoparticle inducing lipid peroxidation, changes to
genes and inflammation and dissolved Ag involved oxidative stress and
protein stability
'Toxicity of silver nanoparticles to rainbow trout: a toxicogenomic
approach'
======================================
Asharani et al report distorted and malfunctioning fish embryos in
'Toxicity of silver nanoparticles in zebrafish models'
"A concentration-dependent increase in mortality and hatching delay was
observed in Ag-np treated embryos. Additionally, nanoparticle treatments
resulted in concentration-dependent toxicity, typified by phenotypes
that had abnormal body axes, twisted notochord, slow blood flow,
pericardial edema and cardiac arrhythmia."
On 8/23/2021 10:27 AM, Max wrote:
Thanks Ode
So what is the toxic level of silver in water to fish? And the toxic
level in drinking water to humans?
Thanks
Max
On 8/23/2021 4:11 AM, Ode Coyote wrote:
Fish rely on microbes to purify their water...kill the
microbes...kill the fish with toxic fish poop and urine water [it
wasn't the silver that did it]
