Marshall wrote:

> Silver leaves the anode as ions and if you check
> CS made by the electrolytic method, once the ions get to 5 ppm or higher a
> significant of particles are made by the aggregation of the ions.

All silver leaves the anode as ions. But because the ions are in a liquid
that has current passing through it, some of the ions take on an electron
which is supplied by the electric current. These ions then have their outer
most orbit restored by the addition of an electron and are thus converted
back into atoms. It is the atoms that form the particles. The atoms have no
ionic charge to cause mutual repulsion, therefore the van der Waal's force
will cause the atoms to form particles. Ions have an ionic charge that
prevents them from getting near another ion. Mutual repulsion is far
stronger than Brownian motion at normal room temperatures. Brownian motion
increases with temperature but will still be insufficient to overcome the
mutual repulsion of the ionic charge.

frank key



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