Do a search on hydrogen production.
To my surprise, liquid hydrogen actually contains more BTUs than gasoline per pound. The pounds are bigger.
It takes a fair shot of energy to liquify hydrogen but hydrogen vehicles are more efficient.
My guess for the economic breakover is around $4 per gallon of gas. I see it's between $3 and $4 depending on volume of various production methods...eventually around $2.50?
Could work! But it's going to be a long hard journey to get there.
Modern cars can burn alchohol, ethanol or methanol [naturally a 140 octane fuel] without much modification..an intermediate step?
Ode
2.208 pounds of Hydrogen ~ 5.8 to 6.5 lbs gasoline
# Hydrogen is the lightest of the elements with an atomic weight of 1.0. Liquid hydrogen has a density of 0.07 grams per cubic centimeter, gasoline about 0.75 g/cc. These facts give hydrogen both advantages and disadvantages. The advantage is that it stores approximately 2.6 times the energy per unit mass as gasoline, and the disadvantage is that it needs about 4 times the volume for a given amount of energy. A 15 gallon automobile gasoline tank contains 90 pounds of gasoline. The corresponding hydrogen tank would be 60 gallons, but the hydrogen would weigh only 34 pounds.
# Since the insulation can't be perfect, the liquid hydrogen will gradually evaporate, typically 1.7 percent per day. This is too fast for a car to sit for months between uses.
There is a thermochemical process for splitting water that is claimed to be twice as efficient as electrolysis. Here's an article on the sulfur-iodine cycle by Ken Schultz of General Atomic given at a Stanford University Global Climate and Energy sponsored meeting in 2003 April.
Interesting links
http://www.phoenixproject.net/releases/calch2prdcst.htm
http://www.millenniumcell.com/news/hod.html
Power tech battery technology yields twice the energy density as lead acid.
http://www.powerpwtc.com/index2.html
At 09:36 PM 2/11/2004 -0600, you wrote:
>>>>
Hydrogen is the smallest atom we know making it difficult to contain.<<<<
Hydrogen has very low energy content meaning you need very high pressures (5,000 psi to 10,000 psi) to carry enough to get anywhere. These pressures make refueling a challenge and a wreck overly exciting even excluding any explosion.
Hydrogen is very reactive so there is no source of uncombined hydrogen. Tearing it off takes more energy than you get back.
Yes, you could use a "non-polluting" source such as windmills or solar to extract hydrogen but windmills are already getting backpressure from visual pollution and killing birds and its not clear that solar cells recover the energy required to make them during their productive lifetime.
I suspect that improved battery technology and nuclear power plants could provide most short range (less than 200 miles round trip) vehicle power.
Meanwhile the dream of hydrogen technology continues diverting us from really getting imported oil independence.
Terry Chamberlin wrote:
Making hydrogen from water takes a lot more energythan you get out of using the hydrogen.<
Then take a look at this:
<http://email.gmcanada.com/corpdb/cachq/pressrel.nsf/0/f31c06740fddd3a585256bd0006e9496?OpenDocument>http://email.gmcanada.com/corpdb/cachq/pressrel.nsf/0/f31c06740fddd3a585256bd0006e9496?OpenDocument
<http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/03_43/b3855073.htm>http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/03_43/b3855073.htm
<http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/10.08/fuelcellcars.html>http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/10.08/fuelcellcars.html
<http://liberty.hypermart.net/editorials/Hydrogen_Car.htm>http://liberty.hypermart.net/editorials/Hydrogen_Car.htm
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