Module Name:    src
Committed By:   ad
Date:           Fri Oct 13 19:07:09 UTC 2023

Modified Files:
        src/sys/ddb: db_command.c db_interface.h db_xxx.c
        src/sys/kern: sys_pipe.c
        src/sys/sys: pipe.h
        src/usr.bin/fstat: fstat.c

Log Message:
Simplify/streamline pipes a little bit:

- Allocate only one struct pipe not two (no need to be bidirectional here).
- Then use f_flag (FREAD/FWRITE) to figure out what to do in the fileops.
- Never wake the other side or acquire long-term (I/O) lock unless needed.
- Whenever possible, defer wakeups until after locks have been released.
- Do some things locklessly in pipe_ioctl() and pipe_poll().

Some notable results:

- -30% latency on a 486DX2/66 doing 1 byte ping-pong within a single process.
- 2.5x less lock contention during "make cleandir" of src on a 48 CPU machine.
- 1.5x bandwith with 1kB messages on the same 48 CPU machine (8kB: same b/w).


To generate a diff of this commit:
cvs rdiff -u -r1.186 -r1.187 src/sys/ddb/db_command.c
cvs rdiff -u -r1.41 -r1.42 src/sys/ddb/db_interface.h
cvs rdiff -u -r1.77 -r1.78 src/sys/ddb/db_xxx.c
cvs rdiff -u -r1.164 -r1.165 src/sys/kern/sys_pipe.c
cvs rdiff -u -r1.39 -r1.40 src/sys/sys/pipe.h
cvs rdiff -u -r1.118 -r1.119 src/usr.bin/fstat/fstat.c

Please note that diffs are not public domain; they are subject to the
copyright notices on the relevant files.

Modified files:

Index: src/sys/ddb/db_command.c
diff -u src/sys/ddb/db_command.c:1.186 src/sys/ddb/db_command.c:1.187
--- src/sys/ddb/db_command.c:1.186	Sat Oct  7 20:27:20 2023
+++ src/sys/ddb/db_command.c	Fri Oct 13 19:07:08 2023
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/*	$NetBSD: db_command.c,v 1.186 2023/10/07 20:27:20 ad Exp $	*/
+/*	$NetBSD: db_command.c,v 1.187 2023/10/13 19:07:08 ad Exp $	*/
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2009, 2019
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
-__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: db_command.c,v 1.186 2023/10/07 20:27:20 ad Exp $");
+__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: db_command.c,v 1.187 2023/10/13 19:07:08 ad Exp $");
 
 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
 #include "opt_aio.h"
@@ -301,6 +301,8 @@ static const struct db_command db_show_c
 	    0 ,"List all used memory pages.",NULL,NULL) },
 	{ DDB_ADD_CMD("panic",	db_show_panic,	0,
 	    "Print the current panic string",NULL,NULL) },
+	{ DDB_ADD_CMD("pipe", db_show_pipe,
+	    0 ,"Show the contents of a pipe.",NULL,NULL) },
 	{ DDB_ADD_CMD("pool",	db_pool_print_cmd,	0,
 	    "Print the pool at address.", "[/clp] address",NULL) },
 	/* added from all sub cmds */

Index: src/sys/ddb/db_interface.h
diff -u src/sys/ddb/db_interface.h:1.41 src/sys/ddb/db_interface.h:1.42
--- src/sys/ddb/db_interface.h:1.41	Sat Oct  7 20:27:20 2023
+++ src/sys/ddb/db_interface.h	Fri Oct 13 19:07:08 2023
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/*	$NetBSD: db_interface.h,v 1.41 2023/10/07 20:27:20 ad Exp $	*/
+/*	$NetBSD: db_interface.h,v 1.42 2023/10/13 19:07:08 ad Exp $	*/
 
 /*-
  * Copyright (c) 1995, 2023 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
@@ -86,6 +86,9 @@ void		db_show_sleepq(db_expr_t, bool, db
 /* kern/kern_condvar.c */
 void		db_show_condvar(db_expr_t, bool, db_expr_t, const char *);
 
+/* kern/sys_pipe.c */
+void		db_show_pipe(db_expr_t, bool, db_expr_t, const char *);
+
 /* kern/sys_select.c */
 void		db_show_selinfo(db_expr_t, bool, db_expr_t, const char *);
 

Index: src/sys/ddb/db_xxx.c
diff -u src/sys/ddb/db_xxx.c:1.77 src/sys/ddb/db_xxx.c:1.78
--- src/sys/ddb/db_xxx.c:1.77	Sun Oct  8 15:03:16 2023
+++ src/sys/ddb/db_xxx.c	Fri Oct 13 19:07:08 2023
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/*	$NetBSD: db_xxx.c,v 1.77 2023/10/08 15:03:16 martin Exp $	*/
+/*	$NetBSD: db_xxx.c,v 1.78 2023/10/13 19:07:08 ad Exp $	*/
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
-__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: db_xxx.c,v 1.77 2023/10/08 15:03:16 martin Exp $");
+__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: db_xxx.c,v 1.78 2023/10/13 19:07:08 ad Exp $");
 
 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
 #include "opt_kgdb.h"
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: db_xxx.c,v 1
 #include <sys/condvar.h>
 #include <sys/sleepq.h>
 #include <sys/selinfo.h>
+#include <sys/pipe.h>
 
 #include <ddb/ddb.h>
 #include <ddb/db_user.h>
@@ -366,6 +367,51 @@ db_show_sleepq(db_expr_t addr, bool hadd
 }
 
 void
+db_show_pipe(db_expr_t addr, bool haddr, db_expr_t count, const char *modif)
+{
+	struct pipe pipe, *ppipe = (struct pipe *)addr;
+
+	db_read_bytes(addr, sizeof(pipe), (char *)&pipe);
+
+	db_printf("pipe_lock\t\t%p\n", pipe.pipe_lock);
+
+	db_printf("pipe_read\t\t");
+	db_show_condvar((db_addr_t)&ppipe->pipe_read, false, 0, modif);
+
+	db_printf("pipe_write\t\t");
+	db_show_condvar((db_addr_t)&ppipe->pipe_write, false, 0, modif);
+
+	db_printf("pipe_busy\t\t");
+	db_show_condvar((db_addr_t)&ppipe->pipe_busy, false, 0, modif);
+
+	db_printf("pipe_buffer.cnt\t\t%ld\n", (long)pipe.pipe_buffer.cnt);
+	db_printf("pipe_buffer.in\t\t%d\n", pipe.pipe_buffer.in);
+	db_printf("pipe_buffer.out\t\t%d\n", pipe.pipe_buffer.out);
+	db_printf("pipe_buffer.size\t%ld\n", (long)pipe.pipe_buffer.size);
+	db_printf("pipe_buffer.buffer\t%p\n", pipe.pipe_buffer.buffer);
+
+	db_printf("pipe_wrsel\t\t");
+	db_show_selinfo((db_addr_t)&ppipe->pipe_wrsel, false, 0, modif);
+	db_printf("pipe_rdsel\t\t");
+	db_show_selinfo((db_addr_t)&ppipe->pipe_rdsel, false, 0, modif);
+
+	db_printf("pipe_atime\t\t");
+	db_print_timespec(&pipe.pipe_atime);
+
+	db_printf("\npipe_mtime\t\t");
+	db_print_timespec(&pipe.pipe_mtime);
+
+	db_printf("\npipe_btime\t\t");
+	db_print_timespec(&pipe.pipe_btime);
+
+	db_printf("\npipe_kmem\t\t%lx\n", (long)pipe.pipe_kmem);
+	db_printf("pipe_owner\t\t%p\n", pipe.pipe_owner);
+	db_printf("pipe_wrpgid\t\t%d\n", pipe.pipe_wrpgid);
+	db_printf("pipe_rdpgid\t\t%d\n", pipe.pipe_rdpgid);
+	db_printf("pipe_state\t\t%#08x\n", pipe.pipe_state);
+}
+
+void
 db_show_selinfo(db_expr_t addr, bool haddr, db_expr_t count, const char *modif)
 {
 	struct selinfo sel;

Index: src/sys/kern/sys_pipe.c
diff -u src/sys/kern/sys_pipe.c:1.164 src/sys/kern/sys_pipe.c:1.165
--- src/sys/kern/sys_pipe.c:1.164	Thu Oct  5 19:44:26 2023
+++ src/sys/kern/sys_pipe.c	Fri Oct 13 19:07:08 2023
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/*	$NetBSD: sys_pipe.c,v 1.164 2023/10/05 19:44:26 ad Exp $	*/
+/*	$NetBSD: sys_pipe.c,v 1.165 2023/10/13 19:07:08 ad Exp $	*/
 
 /*-
  * Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2023 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
-__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: sys_pipe.c,v 1.164 2023/10/05 19:44:26 ad Exp $");
+__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: sys_pipe.c,v 1.165 2023/10/13 19:07:08 ad Exp $");
 
 #include <sys/param.h>
 #include <sys/systm.h>
@@ -126,57 +126,42 @@ static u_int	nbigpipe = 0;
  */
 static u_int	amountpipekva = 0;
 
-static void	pipeclose(struct pipe *);
-static void	pipe_free_kmem(struct pipe *);
-static int	pipe_create(struct pipe **, pool_cache_t, struct timespec *);
-static int	pipelock(struct pipe *, bool);
-static inline void pipeunlock(struct pipe *);
-static void	pipeselwakeup(struct pipe *, struct pipe *, int);
-static int	pipespace(struct pipe *, int);
+static bool	pipebusy(struct pipe *);
+static bool	pipeunbusy(struct pipe *);
+static void	pipeselwakeup(struct pipe *, int, int);
 static int	pipe_ctor(void *, void *, int);
 static void	pipe_dtor(void *, void *);
 
-static pool_cache_t	pipe_wr_cache;
-static pool_cache_t	pipe_rd_cache;
+static pool_cache_t	pipe_cache __read_mostly;
 
 void
 pipe_init(void)
 {
 
-	/* Writer side is not automatically allocated KVA. */
-	pipe_wr_cache = pool_cache_init(sizeof(struct pipe), 0, 0, 0, "pipewr",
-	    NULL, IPL_NONE, pipe_ctor, pipe_dtor, NULL);
-	KASSERT(pipe_wr_cache != NULL);
-
-	/* Reader side gets preallocated KVA. */
-	pipe_rd_cache = pool_cache_init(sizeof(struct pipe), 0, 0, 0, "piperd",
-	    NULL, IPL_NONE, pipe_ctor, pipe_dtor, (void *)1);
-	KASSERT(pipe_rd_cache != NULL);
+	pipe_cache = pool_cache_init(sizeof(struct pipe), COHERENCY_UNIT, 0, 0,
+	    "pipe", NULL, IPL_NONE, pipe_ctor, pipe_dtor, NULL);
+	KASSERT(pipe_cache != NULL);
 }
 
 static int
 pipe_ctor(void *arg, void *obj, int flags)
 {
-	struct pipe *pipe;
-	vaddr_t va;
-
-	pipe = obj;
+	struct pipe *pipe = obj;
 
 	memset(pipe, 0, sizeof(struct pipe));
-	if (arg != NULL) {
-		/* Preallocate space. */
-		va = uvm_km_alloc(kernel_map, PIPE_SIZE, 0,
-		    UVM_KMF_PAGEABLE | UVM_KMF_WAITVA);
-		KASSERT(va != 0);
-		pipe->pipe_kmem = va;
-		atomic_add_int(&amountpipekva, PIPE_SIZE);
-	}
-	cv_init(&pipe->pipe_rcv, "pipe_rd");
-	cv_init(&pipe->pipe_wcv, "pipe_wr");
-	cv_init(&pipe->pipe_draincv, "pipe_drn");
-	cv_init(&pipe->pipe_lkcv, "pipe_lk");
-	selinit(&pipe->pipe_sel);
-	pipe->pipe_state = PIPE_SIGNALR;
+	pipe->pipe_lock = mutex_obj_alloc(MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
+	cv_init(&pipe->pipe_read, "piperd");
+	cv_init(&pipe->pipe_write, "pipewr");
+	cv_init(&pipe->pipe_busy, "pipebusy");
+	selinit(&pipe->pipe_rdsel);
+	selinit(&pipe->pipe_wrsel);
+	pipe->pipe_kmem = uvm_km_alloc(kernel_map, PIPE_SIZE, 0,
+	    UVM_KMF_PAGEABLE | UVM_KMF_WAITVA);
+	pipe->pipe_state = PIPE_SIGNALR | PIPE_RDOPEN | PIPE_WROPEN;
+	pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer = (void *)pipe->pipe_kmem;
+	pipe->pipe_buffer.size = PIPE_SIZE;
+	KASSERT(pipe->pipe_kmem != 0);
+	atomic_add_int(&amountpipekva, PIPE_SIZE);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -184,20 +169,16 @@ pipe_ctor(void *arg, void *obj, int flag
 static void
 pipe_dtor(void *arg, void *obj)
 {
-	struct pipe *pipe;
+	struct pipe *pipe = obj;
 
-	pipe = obj;
-
-	cv_destroy(&pipe->pipe_rcv);
-	cv_destroy(&pipe->pipe_wcv);
-	cv_destroy(&pipe->pipe_draincv);
-	cv_destroy(&pipe->pipe_lkcv);
-	seldestroy(&pipe->pipe_sel);
-	if (pipe->pipe_kmem != 0) {
-		uvm_km_free(kernel_map, pipe->pipe_kmem, PIPE_SIZE,
-		    UVM_KMF_PAGEABLE);
-		atomic_add_int(&amountpipekva, -PIPE_SIZE);
-	}
+	cv_destroy(&pipe->pipe_read);
+	cv_destroy(&pipe->pipe_write);
+	cv_destroy(&pipe->pipe_busy);
+	seldestroy(&pipe->pipe_rdsel);
+	seldestroy(&pipe->pipe_wrsel);
+	mutex_obj_free(pipe->pipe_lock);
+	uvm_km_free(kernel_map, pipe->pipe_kmem, PIPE_SIZE, UVM_KMF_PAGEABLE);
+	atomic_add_int(&amountpipekva, -PIPE_SIZE);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -206,8 +187,7 @@ pipe_dtor(void *arg, void *obj)
 int
 pipe1(struct lwp *l, int *fildes, int flags)
 {
-	struct pipe *rpipe, *wpipe;
-	struct timespec nt;
+	struct pipe *pipe;
 	file_t *rf, *wf;
 	int fd, error;
 	proc_t *p;
@@ -215,162 +195,104 @@ pipe1(struct lwp *l, int *fildes, int fl
 	if (flags & ~(O_CLOEXEC|O_NONBLOCK|O_NOSIGPIPE))
 		return EINVAL;
 	p = curproc;
-	rpipe = wpipe = NULL;
-	getnanotime(&nt);
-	if ((error = pipe_create(&rpipe, pipe_rd_cache, &nt)) ||
-	    (error = pipe_create(&wpipe, pipe_wr_cache, &nt))) {
-		goto free2;
-	}
-	rpipe->pipe_lock = mutex_obj_alloc(MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
-	wpipe->pipe_lock = rpipe->pipe_lock;
-	mutex_obj_hold(wpipe->pipe_lock);
+
+	pipe = pool_cache_get(pipe_cache, PR_WAITOK);
+	getnanotime(&pipe->pipe_atime);
+	pipe->pipe_mtime = pipe->pipe_atime;
+	pipe->pipe_btime = pipe->pipe_atime;
 
 	error = fd_allocfile(&rf, &fd);
-	if (error)
-		goto free2;
+	if (error) {
+		pool_cache_put(pipe_cache, pipe);
+		return error;
+	}
 	fildes[0] = fd;
 
 	error = fd_allocfile(&wf, &fd);
-	if (error)
-		goto free3;
+	if (error) {
+		fd_abort(p, rf, fildes[0]);
+		pool_cache_put(pipe_cache, pipe);
+		return error;
+	}
 	fildes[1] = fd;
 
 	rf->f_flag = FREAD | flags;
 	rf->f_type = DTYPE_PIPE;
-	rf->f_pipe = rpipe;
+	rf->f_pipe = pipe;
 	rf->f_ops = &pipeops;
 	fd_set_exclose(l, fildes[0], (flags & O_CLOEXEC) != 0);
 
 	wf->f_flag = FWRITE | flags;
 	wf->f_type = DTYPE_PIPE;
-	wf->f_pipe = wpipe;
+	wf->f_pipe = pipe;
 	wf->f_ops = &pipeops;
 	fd_set_exclose(l, fildes[1], (flags & O_CLOEXEC) != 0);
 
-	rpipe->pipe_peer = wpipe;
-	wpipe->pipe_peer = rpipe;
-
 	fd_affix(p, rf, fildes[0]);
 	fd_affix(p, wf, fildes[1]);
-	return (0);
-free3:
-	fd_abort(p, rf, fildes[0]);
-free2:
-	pipeclose(wpipe);
-	pipeclose(rpipe);
-
-	return (error);
-}
-
-/*
- * Allocate kva for pipe circular buffer, the space is pageable
- * This routine will 'realloc' the size of a pipe safely, if it fails
- * it will retain the old buffer.
- * If it fails it will return ENOMEM.
- */
-static int
-pipespace(struct pipe *pipe, int size)
-{
-	void *buffer;
-
-	/*
-	 * Allocate pageable virtual address space.  Physical memory is
-	 * allocated on demand.
-	 */
-	if (size == PIPE_SIZE && pipe->pipe_kmem != 0) {
-		buffer = (void *)pipe->pipe_kmem;
-	} else {
-		buffer = (void *)uvm_km_alloc(kernel_map, round_page(size),
-		    0, UVM_KMF_PAGEABLE);
-		if (buffer == NULL)
-			return (ENOMEM);
-		atomic_add_int(&amountpipekva, size);
-	}
-
-	/* free old resources if we're resizing */
-	pipe_free_kmem(pipe);
-	pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer = buffer;
-	pipe->pipe_buffer.size = size;
-	pipe->pipe_buffer.in = 0;
-	pipe->pipe_buffer.out = 0;
-	pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt = 0;
-	return (0);
-}
-
-/*
- * Initialize and allocate VM and memory for pipe.
- */
-static int
-pipe_create(struct pipe **pipep, pool_cache_t cache, struct timespec *nt)
-{
-	struct pipe *pipe;
-	int error;
-
-	pipe = pool_cache_get(cache, PR_WAITOK);
-	KASSERT(pipe != NULL);
-	*pipep = pipe;
-	error = 0;
-	pipe->pipe_atime = pipe->pipe_mtime = pipe->pipe_btime = *nt;
-	pipe->pipe_lock = NULL;
-	if (cache == pipe_rd_cache) {
-		error = pipespace(pipe, PIPE_SIZE);
-	} else {
-		pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer = NULL;
-		pipe->pipe_buffer.size = 0;
-		pipe->pipe_buffer.in = 0;
-		pipe->pipe_buffer.out = 0;
-		pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt = 0;
-	}
-	return error;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Lock a pipe for I/O, blocking other access
- * Called with pipe spin lock held.
+ * Busy a pipe for I/O, blocking other access.  Called with pipe lock held.
+ * NB: curlwp may already hold the pipe busy.
  */
-static int
-pipelock(struct pipe *pipe, bool catch_p)
+static bool
+pipebusy(struct pipe *pipe)
 {
-	int error;
+	struct lwp *l = curlwp;
+	bool blocked = false;
 
 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(pipe->pipe_lock));
 
-	while (pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_LOCKFL) {
-		if (catch_p) {
-			error = cv_wait_sig(&pipe->pipe_lkcv, pipe->pipe_lock);
-			if (error != 0) {
-				return error;
-			}
-		} else
-			cv_wait(&pipe->pipe_lkcv, pipe->pipe_lock);
+	if (pipe->pipe_owner != l) {
+		while (__predict_false(pipe->pipe_owner != NULL)) {
+			cv_wait(&pipe->pipe_busy, pipe->pipe_lock);
+			blocked = true;
+		}
+		pipe->pipe_owner = l;
 	}
 
-	pipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_LOCKFL;
-
-	return 0;
+	return blocked;
 }
 
 /*
- * unlock a pipe I/O lock
+ * Unbusy a pipe for I/O, if held busy by curlwp.
  */
-static inline void
-pipeunlock(struct pipe *pipe)
+static bool
+pipeunbusy(struct pipe *pipe)
 {
 
-	KASSERT(pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_LOCKFL);
+	KASSERT(mutex_owned(pipe->pipe_lock));
 
-	pipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_LOCKFL;
-	cv_signal(&pipe->pipe_lkcv);
+	if (pipe->pipe_owner == curlwp) {
+		pipe->pipe_owner = NULL;
+		return true;
+	} else
+		return false;
 }
 
 /*
- * Select/poll wakup. This also sends SIGIO to peer connected to
- * 'sigpipe' side of pipe.
+ * Select/poll wakeup.  This also sends SIGIO to peer.
  */
 static void
-pipeselwakeup(struct pipe *selp, struct pipe *sigp, int code)
+pipeselwakeup(struct pipe *pipe, int side, int code)
 {
-	int band;
+	struct selinfo *selp;
+	int band, flag;
+	pid_t pgid;
+
+	KASSERT(mutex_owned(pipe->pipe_lock));
+
+	if (side == FREAD) {
+		selp = &pipe->pipe_rdsel;
+		pgid = pipe->pipe_rdpgid;
+		flag = PIPE_RDASYNC;
+	} else {
+		selp = &pipe->pipe_wrsel;
+		pgid = pipe->pipe_wrpgid;
+		flag = PIPE_WRASYNC;
+	}
 
 	switch (code) {
 	case POLL_IN:
@@ -393,26 +315,22 @@ pipeselwakeup(struct pipe *selp, struct 
 		break;
 	}
 
-	selnotify(&selp->pipe_sel, band, NOTE_SUBMIT);
-
-	if (sigp == NULL || (sigp->pipe_state & PIPE_ASYNC) == 0)
-		return;
+	selnotify(selp, band, NOTE_SUBMIT);
 
-	fownsignal(sigp->pipe_pgid, SIGIO, code, band, selp);
+	if (pgid != 0 && (pipe->pipe_state & flag) != 0)
+		fownsignal(pgid, SIGIO, code, band, pipe);
 }
 
 static int
 pipe_read(file_t *fp, off_t *offset, struct uio *uio, kauth_cred_t cred,
     int flags)
 {
-	struct pipe *rpipe = fp->f_pipe;
-	struct pipebuf *bp = &rpipe->pipe_buffer;
-	kmutex_t *lock = rpipe->pipe_lock;
-	int error;
-	size_t nread = 0;
-	size_t size;
-	size_t ocnt;
-	unsigned int wakeup_state = 0;
+	struct pipe *pipe = fp->f_pipe;
+	struct pipebuf *bp = &pipe->pipe_buffer;
+	size_t size, cnt, ocnt, nread = 0;
+	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
+	int error = 0;
+	bool unbusy;
 
 	/*
 	 * Try to avoid locking the pipe if we have nothing to do.
@@ -425,32 +343,30 @@ pipe_read(file_t *fp, off_t *offset, str
 	 */
 	if ((fp->f_flag & FNONBLOCK) != 0) {
 		if (__predict_false(uio->uio_resid == 0))
-			return (0);
+			return 0;
 		if (atomic_load_relaxed(&bp->cnt) == 0 &&
-		    (atomic_load_relaxed(&rpipe->pipe_state) & PIPE_EOF) == 0)
-			return (EAGAIN);
+		    (atomic_load_relaxed(&pipe->pipe_state) & PIPE_EOF) == 0)
+			return EAGAIN;
 	}
 
 	mutex_enter(lock);
-	++rpipe->pipe_busy;
 	ocnt = bp->cnt;
 
-again:
-	error = pipelock(rpipe, true);
-	if (error)
-		goto unlocked_error;
-
 	while (uio->uio_resid) {
 		/*
 		 * Normal pipe buffer receive.
 		 */
 		if (bp->cnt > 0) {
+			/* If pipebusy() blocked then re-validate. */
+			if (pipebusy(pipe))
+				continue;
 			size = bp->size - bp->out;
 			if (size > bp->cnt)
 				size = bp->cnt;
 			if (size > uio->uio_resid)
 				size = uio->uio_resid;
 
+			KASSERT(pipe->pipe_owner == curlwp);
 			mutex_exit(lock);
 			error = uiomove((char *)bp->buffer + bp->out, size, uio);
 			mutex_enter(lock);
@@ -460,7 +376,6 @@ again:
 			bp->out += size;
 			if (bp->out >= bp->size)
 				bp->out = 0;
-
 			bp->cnt -= size;
 
 			/*
@@ -486,142 +401,117 @@ again:
 		 * Detect EOF condition.
 		 * Read returns 0 on EOF, no need to set error.
 		 */
-		if (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF)
+		if ((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) != 0)
 			break;
 
 		/*
 		 * Don't block on non-blocking I/O.
 		 */
-		if (fp->f_flag & FNONBLOCK) {
+		if ((fp->f_flag & FNONBLOCK) != 0) {
 			error = EAGAIN;
 			break;
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * Unlock the pipe buffer for our remaining processing.
-		 * We will either break out with an error or we will
-		 * sleep and relock to loop.
-		 */
-		pipeunlock(rpipe);
-
-#if 1   /* XXX (dsl) I'm sure these aren't needed here ... */
-		/*
-		 * We want to read more, wake up select/poll.
-		 */
-		pipeselwakeup(rpipe, rpipe->pipe_peer, POLL_OUT);
-
-		/*
-		 * If the "write-side" is blocked, wake it up now.
+		 * Awaken the other side (including select/poll/kqueue)
+		 * then sleep ASAP to minimise contention.
 		 */
-		cv_broadcast(&rpipe->pipe_wcv);
-#endif
-
-		if (wakeup_state & PIPE_RESTART) {
-			error = ERESTART;
-			goto unlocked_error;
-		}
-
-		/* Now wait until the pipe is filled */
-		error = cv_wait_sig(&rpipe->pipe_rcv, lock);
-		if (error != 0)
-			goto unlocked_error;
-		wakeup_state = rpipe->pipe_state;
-		goto again;
+		pipeselwakeup(pipe, FWRITE, POLL_OUT);
+		if (pipeunbusy(pipe))
+			cv_signal(&pipe->pipe_busy);
+		cv_broadcast(&pipe->pipe_write);
+		if ((error = cv_wait_sig(&pipe->pipe_read, lock)) != 0)
+			break;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Update timestamp and drop the long term lock (if held).
+	 */
 	if (error == 0)
-		getnanotime(&rpipe->pipe_atime);
-	pipeunlock(rpipe);
-
-unlocked_error:
-	--rpipe->pipe_busy;
-	if (rpipe->pipe_busy == 0) {
-		rpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_RESTART;
-		cv_broadcast(&rpipe->pipe_draincv);
-	}
-	if (bp->cnt < MINPIPESIZE) {
-		cv_broadcast(&rpipe->pipe_wcv);
-	}
+		getnanotime(&pipe->pipe_atime);
+	unbusy = pipeunbusy(pipe);
 
 	/*
 	 * If anything was read off the buffer, signal to the writer it's
 	 * possible to write more data. Also send signal if we are here for the
 	 * first time after last write.
 	 */
-	if ((bp->size - bp->cnt) >= PIPE_BUF
-	    && (ocnt != bp->cnt || (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_SIGNALR))) {
-		pipeselwakeup(rpipe, rpipe->pipe_peer, POLL_OUT);
-		rpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_SIGNALR;
+	cnt = bp->cnt;
+	if (bp->size - cnt >= PIPE_BUF
+	    && (ocnt != cnt || (pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_SIGNALR) != 0)) {
+		pipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_SIGNALR;
+		pipeselwakeup(pipe, FWRITE, POLL_OUT);
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Release the mutex and only then wake the other side, to minimise
+	 * contention.
+	 */
 	mutex_exit(lock);
-	return (error);
+	if (unbusy)
+		cv_signal(&pipe->pipe_busy);
+	if (cnt < MINPIPESIZE)
+		cv_broadcast(&pipe->pipe_write);
+
+	return error;
 }
 
 static int
 pipe_write(file_t *fp, off_t *offset, struct uio *uio, kauth_cred_t cred,
     int flags)
 {
-	struct pipe *wpipe, *rpipe;
-	struct pipebuf *bp;
-	kmutex_t *lock;
+	struct pipe *pipe = fp->f_pipe;
+	struct pipebuf *bp = &pipe->pipe_buffer;
+	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
+	size_t cnt, space, orig_resid = uio->uio_resid;
+	bool unbusy;
 	int error;
-	unsigned int wakeup_state = 0;
-
-	/* We want to write to our peer */
-	rpipe = fp->f_pipe;
-	lock = rpipe->pipe_lock;
-	error = 0;
-
-	mutex_enter(lock);
-	wpipe = rpipe->pipe_peer;
-
-	/*
-	 * Detect loss of pipe read side, issue SIGPIPE if lost.
-	 */
-	if (wpipe == NULL || (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) != 0) {
-		mutex_exit(lock);
-		return EPIPE;
-	}
-	++wpipe->pipe_busy;
-
-	/* Acquire the long-term pipe lock */
-	if ((error = pipelock(wpipe, true)) != 0) {
-		--wpipe->pipe_busy;
-		if (wpipe->pipe_busy == 0) {
-			wpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_RESTART;
-			cv_broadcast(&wpipe->pipe_draincv);
-		}
-		mutex_exit(lock);
-		return (error);
-	}
-
-	bp = &wpipe->pipe_buffer;
 
 	/*
 	 * If it is advantageous to resize the pipe buffer, do so.
 	 */
-	if ((uio->uio_resid > PIPE_SIZE) &&
-	    (nbigpipe < maxbigpipes) &&
-	    (bp->size <= PIPE_SIZE) && (bp->cnt == 0)) {
-
-		if (pipespace(wpipe, BIG_PIPE_SIZE) == 0)
+	mutex_enter(lock);
+	if (uio->uio_resid > PIPE_SIZE &&
+	    (pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_RESIZED) == 0 &&
+	    nbigpipe < maxbigpipes && bp->cnt == 0) {
+	    	size_t size = round_page(BIG_PIPE_SIZE);
+		void *buffer = (void *)uvm_km_alloc(kernel_map, size,
+		    0, UVM_KMF_PAGEABLE);
+		if (buffer != NULL) {
+			atomic_add_int(&amountpipekva, size);
 			atomic_inc_uint(&nbigpipe);
+			pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer = buffer;
+			pipe->pipe_buffer.size = size;
+			pipe->pipe_buffer.in = 0;
+			pipe->pipe_buffer.out = 0;
+			pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt = 0;
+		}
+		pipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_RESIZED;
 	}
 
-	while (uio->uio_resid) {
-		size_t space;
-
-		space = bp->size - bp->cnt;
+	while (uio->uio_resid > 0) {
+		/*
+		 * If read side has gone away, we just issue a signal to
+		 * ourselves.
+		 */
+		if ((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) != 0) {
+			error = EPIPE;
+			break;
+		}
 
 		/* Writes of size <= PIPE_BUF must be atomic. */
-		if ((space < uio->uio_resid) && (uio->uio_resid <= PIPE_BUF))
+		space = bp->size - bp->cnt;
+		if (space < uio->uio_resid && uio->uio_resid <= PIPE_BUF)
 			space = 0;
 
 		if (space > 0) {
 			int size;	/* Transfer size */
 			int segsize;	/* first segment to transfer */
 
+			/* If pipebusy() blocked then re-validate. */
+			if (pipebusy(pipe))
+				continue;
+
 			/*
 			 * Transfer size is minimum of uio transfer
 			 * and free space in pipe buffer.
@@ -642,6 +532,7 @@ pipe_write(file_t *fp, off_t *offset, st
 				segsize = size;
 
 			/* Transfer first segment */
+			KASSERT(pipe->pipe_owner == curlwp);
 			mutex_exit(lock);
 			error = uiomove((char *)bp->buffer + bp->in, segsize,
 			    uio);
@@ -668,83 +559,63 @@ pipe_write(file_t *fp, off_t *offset, st
 
 			bp->cnt += size;
 			KASSERT(bp->cnt <= bp->size);
-			wakeup_state = 0;
-		} else {
-			/*
-			 * If the "read-side" has been blocked, wake it up now.
-			 */
-			cv_broadcast(&wpipe->pipe_rcv);
-
-			/*
-			 * Don't block on non-blocking I/O.
-			 */
-			if (fp->f_flag & FNONBLOCK) {
-				error = EAGAIN;
-				break;
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * We have no more space and have something to offer,
-			 * wake up select/poll.
-			 */
-			if (bp->cnt)
-				pipeselwakeup(wpipe, wpipe, POLL_IN);
-
-			if (wakeup_state & PIPE_RESTART) {
-				error = ERESTART;
-				break;
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * If read side wants to go away, we just issue a signal
-			 * to ourselves.
-			 */
-			if (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) {
-				error = EPIPE;
-				break;
-			}
+			continue;
+		}
 
-			pipeunlock(wpipe);
-			error = cv_wait_sig(&wpipe->pipe_wcv, lock);
-			(void)pipelock(wpipe, false);
-			if (error != 0)
-				break;
-			wakeup_state = wpipe->pipe_state;
+		/*
+		 * Don't block on non-blocking I/O.
+		 */
+		if ((fp->f_flag & FNONBLOCK) != 0) {
+			error = EAGAIN;
+			break;
 		}
-	}
 
-	--wpipe->pipe_busy;
-	if (wpipe->pipe_busy == 0) {
-		wpipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_RESTART;
-		cv_broadcast(&wpipe->pipe_draincv);
-	}
-	if (bp->cnt > 0) {
-		cv_broadcast(&wpipe->pipe_rcv);
+		/*
+		 * Awaken the other side (including select/poll/kqueue) then
+		 * sleep ASAP to minimise contention.
+		 */
+		pipeselwakeup(pipe, FREAD, POLL_IN);
+		if (pipeunbusy(pipe))
+			cv_signal(&pipe->pipe_busy);
+		cv_broadcast(&pipe->pipe_read);
+		if ((error = cv_wait_sig(&pipe->pipe_write, lock)) != 0)
+			break;
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Don't return EPIPE if I/O was successful
 	 */
-	if (error == EPIPE && bp->cnt == 0 && uio->uio_resid == 0)
+	if (error == EPIPE && uio->uio_resid != orig_resid)
 		error = 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * Update timestamp and drop the long term lock (if held).
+	 */
 	if (error == 0)
-		getnanotime(&wpipe->pipe_mtime);
+		getnanotime(&pipe->pipe_mtime);
+	unbusy = pipeunbusy(pipe);
 
 	/*
-	 * We have something to offer, wake up select/poll.
+	 * Arrange for next read(2) to do a signal.
 	 */
-	if (bp->cnt)
-		pipeselwakeup(wpipe, wpipe, POLL_IN);
+	pipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_SIGNALR;
 
 	/*
-	 * Arrange for next read(2) to do a signal.
+	 * We have something to offer, wake up select/poll.
 	 */
-	wpipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_SIGNALR;
+	if ((cnt = bp->cnt) > 0)
+		pipeselwakeup(pipe, FREAD, POLL_IN);
 
-	pipeunlock(wpipe);
+	/*
+	 * Release the mutex then wake other side, to minimise contention.
+	 */
 	mutex_exit(lock);
-	return (error);
+	if (unbusy)
+		cv_signal(&pipe->pipe_busy);
+	if (cnt > 0)
+		cv_broadcast(&pipe->pipe_read);
+
+	return error;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -755,131 +626,130 @@ pipe_ioctl(file_t *fp, u_long cmd, void 
 {
 	struct pipe *pipe = fp->f_pipe;
 	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
+	int flag;
 
 	switch (cmd) {
-
 	case FIONBIO:
-		return (0);
+		return 0;
 
 	case FIOASYNC:
+		flag = (fp->f_flag & FREAD) != 0 ? PIPE_RDASYNC : PIPE_WRASYNC;
 		mutex_enter(lock);
-		if (*(int *)data) {
-			pipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_ASYNC;
-		} else {
-			pipe->pipe_state &= ~PIPE_ASYNC;
-		}
+		if (*(int *)data)
+			pipe->pipe_state |= flag;
+		else
+			pipe->pipe_state &= ~flag;
 		mutex_exit(lock);
-		return (0);
+		return 0;
 
 	case FIONREAD:
-		mutex_enter(lock);
-		*(int *)data = pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
-		mutex_exit(lock);
-		return (0);
+		if ((fp->f_flag & FREAD) != 0)
+			*(int *)data =
+			    atomic_load_relaxed(&pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt);
+		else
+			*(int *)data = 0;
+		return 0;
 
 	case FIONWRITE:
-		/* Look at other side */
-		mutex_enter(lock);
-		pipe = pipe->pipe_peer;
-		if (pipe == NULL)
-			*(int *)data = 0;
+		if ((fp->f_flag & FWRITE) != 0)
+			*(int *)data =
+			    atomic_load_relaxed(&pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt);
 		else
-			*(int *)data = pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
-		mutex_exit(lock);
+			*(int *)data = 0;
 		return (0);
 
 	case FIONSPACE:
-		/* Look at other side */
-		mutex_enter(lock);
-		pipe = pipe->pipe_peer;
-		if (pipe == NULL)
-			*(int *)data = 0;
-		else
+		if ((fp->f_flag & FWRITE) != 0) {
+			mutex_enter(lock);
 			*(int *)data = pipe->pipe_buffer.size -
 			    pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
-		mutex_exit(lock);
+			mutex_exit(lock);
+		} else
+			*(int *)data = 0;
 		return (0);
 
 	case TIOCSPGRP:
 	case FIOSETOWN:
-		return fsetown(&pipe->pipe_pgid, cmd, data);
+		return fsetown((fp->f_flag & FREAD) != 0 ?
+		    &pipe->pipe_rdpgid : &pipe->pipe_wrpgid, cmd, data);
 
 	case TIOCGPGRP:
 	case FIOGETOWN:
-		return fgetown(pipe->pipe_pgid, cmd, data);
+		return fgetown((fp->f_flag & FREAD) != 0 ?
+		    pipe->pipe_rdpgid : pipe->pipe_wrpgid, cmd, data);
 
+	default:
+		return EPASSTHROUGH;
 	}
-	return (EPASSTHROUGH);
 }
 
 int
 pipe_poll(file_t *fp, int events)
 {
-	struct pipe *rpipe = fp->f_pipe;
-	struct pipe *wpipe;
-	int eof = 0;
+	struct pipe *pipe = fp->f_pipe;
+	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
 	int revents = 0;
 
-	mutex_enter(rpipe->pipe_lock);
-	wpipe = rpipe->pipe_peer;
-
-	if (events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM))
-		if ((rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt > 0) ||
-		    (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF))
-			revents |= events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM);
-
-	eof |= (rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF);
+	/* Unlocked fast path for make(1). */
+	if ((fp->f_flag & FREAD) != 0 &&
+	    atomic_load_relaxed(&pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt) != 0 &&
+	    (atomic_load_relaxed(&pipe->pipe_state) & PIPE_EOF) == 0 &&
+	    (events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM)) != 0 &&
+	    (events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM)) == 0)
+		return events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM);
 
-	if (wpipe == NULL)
-		revents |= events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM);
-	else {
-		if (events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM))
-			if ((wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) || (
-			     (wpipe->pipe_buffer.size - wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt) >= PIPE_BUF))
-				revents |= events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM);
+	mutex_enter(lock);
 
-		eof |= (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF);
+	if ((fp->f_flag & FREAD) != 0) {
+		if ((events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM)) != 0) {
+			if (pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt > 0 ||
+			    (pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) != 0)
+				revents |= events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM);
+			selrecord(curlwp, &pipe->pipe_rdsel);
+		}
+	} else if ((events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM)) != 0) {
+		KASSERT((fp->f_flag & FWRITE) != 0);
+		size_t space = pipe->pipe_buffer.size - pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
+		if ((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) != 0)
+			revents |= events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM);
+		if ((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) || space >= PIPE_BUF)
+			revents |= events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM);
+		selrecord(curlwp, &pipe->pipe_wrsel);
 	}
 
-	if (wpipe == NULL || eof)
+	if ((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) != 0)
 		revents |= POLLHUP;
 
-	if (revents == 0) {
-		if (events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM))
-			selrecord(curlwp, &rpipe->pipe_sel);
-
-		if (events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM))
-			selrecord(curlwp, &wpipe->pipe_sel);
-	}
-	mutex_exit(rpipe->pipe_lock);
+	mutex_exit(lock);
 
-	return (revents);
+	return revents;
 }
 
 static int
 pipe_stat(file_t *fp, struct stat *ub)
 {
 	struct pipe *pipe = fp->f_pipe;
+	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
 
-	mutex_enter(pipe->pipe_lock);
 	memset(ub, 0, sizeof(*ub));
+
+	mutex_enter(lock);
 	ub->st_mode = S_IFIFO | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
 	ub->st_blksize = pipe->pipe_buffer.size;
-	if (ub->st_blksize == 0 && pipe->pipe_peer)
-		ub->st_blksize = pipe->pipe_peer->pipe_buffer.size;
 	ub->st_size = pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
 	ub->st_blocks = (ub->st_size) ? 1 : 0;
 	ub->st_atimespec = pipe->pipe_atime;
 	ub->st_mtimespec = pipe->pipe_mtime;
-	ub->st_ctimespec = ub->st_birthtimespec = pipe->pipe_btime;
+	ub->st_ctimespec = pipe->pipe_btime;
+	ub->st_birthtimespec = pipe->pipe_btime;
 	ub->st_uid = kauth_cred_geteuid(fp->f_cred);
 	ub->st_gid = kauth_cred_getegid(fp->f_cred);
+	mutex_exit(lock);
 
 	/*
 	 * Left as 0: st_dev, st_ino, st_nlink, st_rdev, st_flags, st_gen.
 	 * XXX (st_dev, st_ino) should be unique.
 	 */
-	mutex_exit(pipe->pipe_lock);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -887,29 +757,90 @@ static int
 pipe_close(file_t *fp)
 {
 	struct pipe *pipe = fp->f_pipe;
+	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
+	u_int state;
+
+	KASSERT(cv_is_valid(&pipe->pipe_read));
+	KASSERT(cv_is_valid(&pipe->pipe_write));
+	KASSERT(cv_is_valid(&pipe->pipe_busy));
 
 	fp->f_pipe = NULL;
-	pipeclose(pipe);
-	return (0);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the other side is blocked, wake it up.
+	 *
+	 * Any knote objects still left in the list are the one attached by
+	 * peer.  Since no one will traverse this list, we just clear it.
+	 *
+	 * XXX Exposes select/kqueue internals.
+	 */
+	mutex_enter(lock);
+	pipebusy(pipe);
+	state = pipe->pipe_state | PIPE_EOF;
+	if ((fp->f_flag & FREAD) != 0) {
+		KASSERT((state & PIPE_RDOPEN) != 0);
+		SLIST_INIT(&pipe->pipe_rdsel.sel_klist);
+		pipe->pipe_rdpgid = 0;
+		state &= ~(PIPE_RDASYNC | PIPE_RDOPEN);
+		pipeselwakeup(pipe, FWRITE, POLL_HUP);
+		cv_broadcast(&pipe->pipe_write);
+	} else {
+		KASSERT((fp->f_flag & FWRITE) != 0);
+		KASSERT((state & PIPE_WROPEN) != 0);
+		SLIST_INIT(&pipe->pipe_wrsel.sel_klist);
+		pipe->pipe_wrpgid = 0;
+		state &= ~(PIPE_WRASYNC | PIPE_WROPEN);
+		pipeselwakeup(pipe, FREAD, POLL_HUP);
+		cv_broadcast(&pipe->pipe_read);
+	}
+	pipe->pipe_state = state;
+	pipeunbusy(pipe);
+	cv_signal(&pipe->pipe_busy);
+	mutex_exit(lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * NB: now that the mutex is released, we cannot touch "pipe" any
+	 * more unless we are the last guy out, since nothing else is
+	 * keeping the data structure around.  This also means we have to
+	 * wake the other side with the mutex held above.
+	 */
+	if ((state & (PIPE_RDOPEN | PIPE_WROPEN)) != 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Both sides are closed, free resources. */
+	pipe->pipe_state = PIPE_SIGNALR | PIPE_RDOPEN | PIPE_WROPEN;
+	pipe->pipe_buffer.in = 0;
+	pipe->pipe_buffer.out = 0;
+	pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt = 0;
+	if (pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer != (void *)pipe->pipe_kmem) {
+		uvm_km_free(kernel_map, (vaddr_t)pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer,
+		    pipe->pipe_buffer.size, UVM_KMF_PAGEABLE);
+		atomic_add_int(&amountpipekva, -pipe->pipe_buffer.size);
+		atomic_dec_uint(&nbigpipe);
+		pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer = (void *)pipe->pipe_kmem;
+		pipe->pipe_buffer.size = PIPE_SIZE;
+	}
+	pool_cache_put(pipe_cache, pipe);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void
 pipe_restart(file_t *fp)
 {
 	struct pipe *pipe = fp->f_pipe;
+	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
 
 	/*
 	 * Unblock blocked reads/writes in order to allow close() to complete.
 	 * System calls return ERESTART so that the fd is revalidated.
 	 * (Partial writes return the transfer length.)
 	 */
-	mutex_enter(pipe->pipe_lock);
-	pipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_RESTART;
-	/* Wakeup both cvs, maybe we only need one, but maybe there are some
-	 * other paths where wakeup is needed, and it saves deciding which! */
-	cv_broadcast(&pipe->pipe_rcv);
-	cv_broadcast(&pipe->pipe_wcv);
-	mutex_exit(pipe->pipe_lock);
+	mutex_enter(lock);
+	cv_fdrestart(&pipe->pipe_read);
+	cv_fdrestart(&pipe->pipe_write);
+	cv_fdrestart(&pipe->pipe_busy);
+	mutex_exit(lock);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -933,148 +864,41 @@ pipe_posix_fadvise(struct file *fp, off_
 }
 
 static void
-pipe_free_kmem(struct pipe *pipe)
-{
-
-	if (pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer != NULL) {
-		if (pipe->pipe_buffer.size > PIPE_SIZE) {
-			atomic_dec_uint(&nbigpipe);
-		}
-		if (pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer != (void *)pipe->pipe_kmem) {
-			uvm_km_free(kernel_map,
-			    (vaddr_t)pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer,
-			    pipe->pipe_buffer.size, UVM_KMF_PAGEABLE);
-			atomic_add_int(&amountpipekva,
-			    -pipe->pipe_buffer.size);
-		}
-		pipe->pipe_buffer.buffer = NULL;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Shutdown the pipe.
- */
-static void
-pipeclose(struct pipe *pipe)
-{
-	kmutex_t *lock;
-	struct pipe *ppipe;
-
-	if (pipe == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	KASSERT(cv_is_valid(&pipe->pipe_rcv));
-	KASSERT(cv_is_valid(&pipe->pipe_wcv));
-	KASSERT(cv_is_valid(&pipe->pipe_draincv));
-	KASSERT(cv_is_valid(&pipe->pipe_lkcv));
-
-	lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
-	if (lock == NULL)
-		/* Must have failed during create */
-		goto free_resources;
-
-	mutex_enter(lock);
-	pipeselwakeup(pipe, pipe, POLL_HUP);
-
-	/*
-	 * If the other side is blocked, wake it up saying that
-	 * we want to close it down.
-	 */
-	pipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_EOF;
-	if (pipe->pipe_busy) {
-		while (pipe->pipe_busy) {
-			cv_broadcast(&pipe->pipe_wcv);
-			cv_wait_sig(&pipe->pipe_draincv, lock);
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Disconnect from peer.
-	 */
-	if ((ppipe = pipe->pipe_peer) != NULL) {
-		pipeselwakeup(ppipe, ppipe, POLL_HUP);
-		ppipe->pipe_state |= PIPE_EOF;
-		cv_broadcast(&ppipe->pipe_rcv);
-		ppipe->pipe_peer = NULL;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Any knote objects still left in the list are
-	 * the one attached by peer.  Since no one will
-	 * traverse this list, we just clear it.
-	 *
-	 * XXX Exposes select/kqueue internals.
-	 */
-	SLIST_INIT(&pipe->pipe_sel.sel_klist);
-
-	KASSERT((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_LOCKFL) == 0);
-	mutex_exit(lock);
-	mutex_obj_free(lock);
-
-	/*
-	 * Free resources.
-	 */
-    free_resources:
-	pipe->pipe_pgid = 0;
-	pipe->pipe_state = PIPE_SIGNALR;
-	pipe->pipe_peer = NULL;
-	pipe->pipe_lock = NULL;
-	pipe_free_kmem(pipe);
-	if (pipe->pipe_kmem != 0) {
-		pool_cache_put(pipe_rd_cache, pipe);
-	} else {
-		pool_cache_put(pipe_wr_cache, pipe);
-	}
-}
-
-static void
 filt_pipedetach(struct knote *kn)
 {
-	struct pipe *pipe;
-	kmutex_t *lock;
-
-	pipe = ((file_t *)kn->kn_obj)->f_pipe;
-	lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
+	struct file *fp = kn->kn_obj;
+	struct pipe *pipe = fp->f_pipe;
+	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
 
 	mutex_enter(lock);
 
-	switch(kn->kn_filter) {
-	case EVFILT_WRITE:
-		/* Need the peer structure, not our own. */
-		pipe = pipe->pipe_peer;
-
-		/* If reader end already closed, just return. */
-		if (pipe == NULL) {
-			mutex_exit(lock);
-			return;
-		}
-
-		break;
-	default:
-		/* Nothing to do. */
-		break;
-	}
-
 	KASSERT(kn->kn_hook == pipe);
-	selremove_knote(&pipe->pipe_sel, kn);
+	if ((fp->f_flag & FREAD) != 0) {
+		if ((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_RDOPEN) != 0)
+			selremove_knote(&pipe->pipe_rdsel, kn);
+	} else if ((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_WROPEN) != 0)
+		selremove_knote(&pipe->pipe_wrsel, kn);
 	mutex_exit(lock);
 }
 
 static int
 filt_piperead(struct knote *kn, long hint)
 {
-	struct pipe *rpipe = ((file_t *)kn->kn_obj)->f_pipe;
-	struct pipe *wpipe;
+	struct file *fp = kn->kn_obj;
+	struct pipe *pipe = fp->f_pipe;
+	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
 	int rv;
 
 	if ((hint & NOTE_SUBMIT) == 0) {
-		mutex_enter(rpipe->pipe_lock);
+		mutex_enter(lock);
 	}
-	wpipe = rpipe->pipe_peer;
-	kn->kn_data = rpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
 
-	if ((rpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) ||
-	    (wpipe == NULL) || (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF)) {
+	if ((fp->f_flag & FREAD) != 0)
+		kn->kn_data = pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
+	else
+		kn->kn_data = 0;
+
+	if ((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) != 0) {
 		knote_set_eof(kn, 0);
 		rv = 1;
 	} else {
@@ -1082,7 +906,7 @@ filt_piperead(struct knote *kn, long hin
 	}
 
 	if ((hint & NOTE_SUBMIT) == 0) {
-		mutex_exit(rpipe->pipe_lock);
+		mutex_exit(lock);
 	}
 	return rv;
 }
@@ -1090,26 +914,29 @@ filt_piperead(struct knote *kn, long hin
 static int
 filt_pipewrite(struct knote *kn, long hint)
 {
-	struct pipe *rpipe = ((file_t *)kn->kn_obj)->f_pipe;
-	struct pipe *wpipe;
+	struct file *fp = kn->kn_obj;
+	struct pipe *pipe = fp->f_pipe;
+	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
 	int rv;
 
 	if ((hint & NOTE_SUBMIT) == 0) {
-		mutex_enter(rpipe->pipe_lock);
+		mutex_enter(lock);
 	}
-	wpipe = rpipe->pipe_peer;
 
-	if ((wpipe == NULL) || (wpipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF)) {
+	if ((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF)) {
 		kn->kn_data = 0;
 		knote_set_eof(kn, 0);
 		rv = 1;
-	} else {
-		kn->kn_data = wpipe->pipe_buffer.size - wpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
+	} else if ((fp->f_flag & FWRITE) != 0) {
+		kn->kn_data = pipe->pipe_buffer.size - pipe->pipe_buffer.cnt;
 		rv = kn->kn_data >= PIPE_BUF;
+	} else {
+		kn->kn_data = 0;
+		rv = 0;
 	}
 
 	if ((hint & NOTE_SUBMIT) == 0) {
-		mutex_exit(rpipe->pipe_lock);
+		mutex_exit(lock);
 	}
 	return rv;
 }
@@ -1131,36 +958,37 @@ static const struct filterops pipe_wfilt
 static int
 pipe_kqfilter(file_t *fp, struct knote *kn)
 {
-	struct pipe *pipe;
-	kmutex_t *lock;
-
-	pipe = ((file_t *)kn->kn_obj)->f_pipe;
-	lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
-
-	mutex_enter(lock);
+	struct pipe *pipe = ((file_t *)kn->kn_obj)->f_pipe;
+	kmutex_t *lock = pipe->pipe_lock;
 
 	switch (kn->kn_filter) {
 	case EVFILT_READ:
+		if ((fp->f_flag & FREAD) == 0)
+			return EINVAL;
+		mutex_enter(lock);
 		kn->kn_fop = &pipe_rfiltops;
+		kn->kn_hook = pipe;
+		selrecord_knote(&pipe->pipe_rdsel, kn);
+		mutex_exit(lock);
 		break;
 	case EVFILT_WRITE:
+		if ((fp->f_flag & FWRITE) == 0)
+			return EINVAL;
+		mutex_enter(lock);
 		kn->kn_fop = &pipe_wfiltops;
-		pipe = pipe->pipe_peer;
-		if (pipe == NULL) {
+		if ((pipe->pipe_state & PIPE_EOF) != 0) {
 			/* Other end of pipe has been closed. */
 			mutex_exit(lock);
-			return (EBADF);
+			return EBADF;
 		}
+		kn->kn_hook = pipe;
+		selrecord_knote(&pipe->pipe_wrsel, kn);
+		mutex_exit(lock);
 		break;
 	default:
-		mutex_exit(lock);
-		return (EINVAL);
+		return EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	kn->kn_hook = pipe;
-	selrecord_knote(&pipe->pipe_sel, kn);
-	mutex_exit(lock);
-
 	return (0);
 }
 

Index: src/sys/sys/pipe.h
diff -u src/sys/sys/pipe.h:1.39 src/sys/sys/pipe.h:1.40
--- src/sys/sys/pipe.h:1.39	Wed Oct  4 22:19:58 2023
+++ src/sys/sys/pipe.h	Fri Oct 13 19:07:09 2023
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $NetBSD: pipe.h,v 1.39 2023/10/04 22:19:58 ad Exp $ */
+/*	$NetBSD: pipe.h,v 1.40 2023/10/13 19:07:09 ad Exp $	*/
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 1996 John S. Dyson
@@ -75,34 +75,34 @@ struct pipebuf {
 /*
  * Bits in pipe_state.
  */
-#define PIPE_ASYNC	0x001	/* Async I/O */
-#define PIPE_EOF	0x010	/* Pipe is in EOF condition */
-#define PIPE_SIGNALR	0x020	/* Do selwakeup() on read(2) */
-#define	PIPE_LOCKFL	0x100	/* Process has exclusive access to
-				   pointers/data. */
-/*	unused  	0x200	*/
-#define	PIPE_RESTART	0x400	/* Return ERESTART to blocked syscalls */
+#define PIPE_RDASYNC	0x001	/* Async I/O on reader side */
+#define PIPE_WRASYNC	0x002	/* Async I/O on writer side */
+#define PIPE_RDOPEN	0x010	/* Reader side open */
+#define PIPE_WROPEN	0x020	/* Writer side open */
+#define PIPE_EOF	0x100	/* Pipe is in EOF condition */
+#define PIPE_SIGNALR	0x200	/* Do selwakeup() on read(2) */
+#define	PIPE_RESIZED	0x400	/* Attempted to resize */
 
 /*
  * Per-pipe data structure.
  * Two of these are linked together to produce bi-directional pipes.
  */
 struct pipe {
-	kmutex_t *pipe_lock;		/* pipe mutex */
-	kcondvar_t pipe_rcv;		/* cv for readers */
-	kcondvar_t pipe_wcv;		/* cv for writers */
-	kcondvar_t pipe_draincv;	/* cv for close */
-	kcondvar_t pipe_lkcv;		/* locking */
-	struct	pipebuf pipe_buffer;	/* data storage */
-	struct	selinfo pipe_sel;	/* for compat with select */
-	struct	timespec pipe_atime;	/* time of last access */
-	struct	timespec pipe_mtime;	/* time of last modify */
-	struct	timespec pipe_btime;	/* time of creation */
-	struct	pipe *pipe_peer;	/* link with other direction */
-	pid_t	pipe_pgid;		/* process group for sigio */
-	u_int	pipe_state;		/* pipe status info */
-	int	pipe_busy;		/* busy flag, to handle rundown */
-	vaddr_t	pipe_kmem;		/* preallocated PIPE_SIZE buffer */
+	kmutex_t	*pipe_lock;		/* pipe mutex */
+	struct lwp	*pipe_owner;		/* who holds the pipe busy */
+	u_int		pipe_state;		/* pipe status info */
+	struct pipebuf	pipe_buffer;		/* data storage */
+	kcondvar_t	pipe_read;		/* cv for readers */
+	kcondvar_t	pipe_write;		/* cv for writers */
+	kcondvar_t	pipe_busy;		/* cv for locking */
+	struct selinfo	pipe_wrsel;		/* for compat with select */
+	struct selinfo	pipe_rdsel;		/* for compat with select */
+	struct timespec	pipe_atime;		/* time of last access */
+	struct timespec	pipe_mtime;		/* time of last modify */
+	struct timespec	pipe_btime;		/* time of creation */
+	pid_t		pipe_wrpgid;		/* process group for sigio */
+	pid_t		pipe_rdpgid;		/* process group for sigio */
+	vaddr_t		pipe_kmem;		/* preallocated PIPE_SIZE buffer */
 };
 
 /*

Index: src/usr.bin/fstat/fstat.c
diff -u src/usr.bin/fstat/fstat.c:1.118 src/usr.bin/fstat/fstat.c:1.119
--- src/usr.bin/fstat/fstat.c:1.118	Mon Jul 10 02:31:55 2023
+++ src/usr.bin/fstat/fstat.c	Fri Oct 13 19:07:09 2023
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/*	$NetBSD: fstat.c,v 1.118 2023/07/10 02:31:55 christos Exp $	*/
+/*	$NetBSD: fstat.c,v 1.119 2023/10/13 19:07:09 ad Exp $	*/
 
 /*-
  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 19
 #if 0
 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)fstat.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 5/2/95";
 #else
-__RCSID("$NetBSD: fstat.c,v 1.118 2023/07/10 02:31:55 christos Exp $");
+__RCSID("$NetBSD: fstat.c,v 1.119 2023/10/13 19:07:09 ad Exp $");
 #endif
 #endif /* not lint */
 
@@ -1271,6 +1271,7 @@ static void
 ptrans(struct file *fp, struct pipe *cpipe, int i)
 {
 	struct pipe cp;
+	int flag;
 
 	PREFIX(i);
 	
@@ -1281,12 +1282,12 @@ ptrans(struct file *fp, struct pipe *cpi
 	}
 
 	/* pipe descriptor is either read or write, never both */
-	(void)printf("* pipe %p %s %p %s%s%s", cpipe,
+	flag = (fp->f_flag & FWRITE) ? PIPE_WRASYNC : PIPE_RDASYNC;
+	(void)printf("* pipe %p %s %s%s%s", cpipe,
 		(fp->f_flag & FWRITE) ? "->" : "<-",
-		cp.pipe_peer,
 		(fp->f_flag & FWRITE) ? "w" : "r",
 		(fp->f_flag & FNONBLOCK) ? "n" : "",
-		(cp.pipe_state & PIPE_ASYNC) ? "a" : "");
+		(cp.pipe_state & flag) ? "a" : "");
 	oprint(fp, "\n");
 	return;
 bad:

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