Hi Wendell, Try "Enzymatic alcoholysis for biodiesel fuel production and application to the reaction to oil processing" by Yuji Shimada*, Yomi Watanabe, Akio Sugihara, Yoshio Tominaga Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-kit, Osaka 536- 8553, Japan
The paper appeared in the Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic 693 (2002) 1-10 Abstract Biodiesel fuel (fatty acid methyl esters; FAMEs) can be produced by methanolysis of waste edible oil with a lipase. The degree of methanolysis was low in reaction systems so far reported, and the lipase catalyst could not be reused in spite of using immobilized enzyme. We clarified this problem was due to the irreversible inactivation of the lipase by contact with insoluble methanol (MeOH). Based on this result, we developed a stepwise methanolysis system with immobilized Candida* antarctica lipase. Two-step batch methanolysis was most effective for the production of biodiesel fuel from waste oil: the first-step reaction was conducted in the presence of 1/3 molar equivalent of MeOH for the stoichiometric amount, and the second-step reaction was performed by adding 2/3 molar equivalent of MeOH. If the immobilized carrier is destroyed by agitation in a reactor with impeller, three-step flow reaction will be available: the first-step substrates were waste oil and 1/3 molar equivalent of MeOH; the second-step, the first-step eluate and 1/3 molar equivalent of MeOH; the third-step, the second-step eluate and 1/3 molar equivalent of MeOH. The conversion of waste oil to biodiesel fuel reached >90% in the two reaction systems, and the lipase catalyst could be used for >100 days without decrease of the activity. The stepwise alcoholysis could successfully be applied to ethanolysis of tuna oil. Keywords: Biodiesel fuel; Alcoholysis; Candida antarctica lipase; Fixed-bed bioreactor, Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester As I understand it, problems with enzymatic processes so far have been low rate, poor yield, low purity and problems of enzyme separation. But this recent paper suggests that at least some of these problems have been overcome. The corresponding author. can be reached at: Tel.: +81-6-6963-8073; fax: +81-6-6963-8079. E-mail address: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Y. Shiraada) Also an old friend and colleague of mine, Mohammed Farid, has a student working on the enzymatic process. He can be reached at <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Hope that helps Regards Michael Allen 11/12/02 19:33:18, "Wendell Wait" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >Does anyone know of any BD being produced using lipase type enzymes that are >bacterial/plant derived? I came across a Russian abstract concerning >esterification of LCFA?s using enzymes from castor. Surely in our biotech >age and where technology is so readily available for the determination and >production of enzymes, that a group could be produced to produce the >transesterification rxn at room temp and most importantly in an aqueous >environment. This could well and truly simplify the processing. Of course >ethanol could then be used in place of methanol so that a truly ?organic? >source of BD be produced. >W. > > > > >[Non-text portions of this message have been removed] > > > >Biofuels at Journey to Forever >http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html >Biofuel at WebConX >http://webconx.green-trust.org/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm >List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: >http://archive.nnytech.net/ >To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: >[EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > >Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ > > > > Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://webconx.green-trust.org/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
