or see http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/consumer/amalgams.html
Since the 1990s, FDA and other government agencies (CDC, NIH) have reviewed the scientific literature looking for links between dental amalgams and health problems. To date, the agencies have found no scientific studies that demonstrate dental amalgams harm children or adults. But we continue to review the literature and ask experts their opinions on the safety of dental amalgam. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ahc-asc/media/nr-cp/1996/1996_63_e.html The statement states that current evidence does not indicate that dental amalgam is causing illness in the general population. It also says that a ban is not justified, and neither is the removal of existing sound amalgam fillings. etc. D. Mindock wrote: > > > > When your dentist tells you not to worry about the amalgam he wants to > put into your > cavity or root canal, show him/her the list below. Peace, D. Mindock > ======================================== > > http://www.medical-library.net/specialties/framer.html?/specialties/_biological_and_mercury_free_dentistry.html > > Here in summary form are the essential assertions of mercury and root > canal free dentistry accompanied by literature references in cases > where there can be any argument. I am indebted to Dr. Robert Gammal > and Mr. Leif Hedegard for the organization of this information. > > 1. Dental Amalgam contains about 50% Mercury. (undisputed) > 2. Mercury has been scientifically demonstrated to be more toxic > than Lead, Cadmium, or even Arsenic. (undisputed) > 3. Mercury leaves dental amalgam continuously throughout the > lifetime of the filing.(7) > 4. Mercury vapor is the main way that mercury comes out of > amalgam.(31) > 5. Mercury vapor is absorbed at a rate of 80% through the lungs > into the arterial blood. (31, 55) > 6. Mercury is cytotoxic, i.e., it kills cells (undisputed) > 7. There is NO harmless level of Mercury Vapor Exposure. (63) > 8. Mercury from amalgam binds to -SH (sulfhydryl) groups. These > exist in almost every enzymatic process in the body. Mercury > from amalgam will thus have the potential of disturbing all > metabolic processes. ( 25, 33,60). > 9. Mercury from amalgam is transported freely via the > blood.(19,34,35,) > 10. Mercury vapor is absorbed directly into the brain. (34, 55a) > 11. Mercury from amalgam will result in a slow build up of mercury > in body tissues. (20,26, 34) > 12. Mercury crosses the blood brain barrier. (34,55a) > 13. Mercury is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's > Disease. (67,68) > 14. Mercury from amalgam is stored in the fetus and infant before > the mother. (20,61) > 15. Mercury from amalgam is stored in the breast milk and the fetus > up to 8 times more than the mother's tissues. (18,19) > 16. Mercury (Mercury Vapor / Methyl mercury) crosses the > placenta.(18, 31) > 17. Mercury Crosses into breast milk.(18,31,61) > 18. Mercury will severely reduce reproductive function.(2, 3, 4, 20, > 22, 24, 31, 37,38, 39, 40, 41, 49) > 19. Mercury rapidly depletes the immune > system.(27,34,35,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,60) > 20. Mercury will induce a number of Auto Immune > Diseases.(27,34,35,42,43,44,60) > 21. Mercury will cause an increase in number and severity of > allergies.(1,34,60) > 22. Mercury from amalgam is stored principally in the kidneys, liver > and brain. (1,20,31) > 23. Mercury from amalgam (shown in animal experiments) causes kidney > damage.(59) > 24. Mercury from will cause a 50% reduction in Kidney filtration as > shown in a study of sheep after amalgam placement.(59) > 25. Methyl Mercury is 100 times more toxic than elemental Mercury. > (undisputed) > 26. Mercury from amalgam is methylated in the mouth.(51,53,54,) > 27. After chewing, Mercury Vapor levels will remain raised for at > least another 90 minutes. (1,15,16,18,47) > 28. Mercury from amalgam will migrate through the tooth.(25,27,30) > 29. This rate of migration is increased if a gold crown is placed > over a tooth filled with amalgam. (27,30) > 30. Teeth are living tissue and are a part of our bodies. (undisputed) > 31. Teeth have a massive communication via blood, lymph and nerves > with the rest of the body.(34 > 32. Mercury from amalgam is absorbed into the body at a rate of 3 to > 17 mcg / day. (WHO 1991 Criteria 118) > 33. Mercury release is increased by; increases in temperature, > friction & increase in electrical currents.(28,31,56) > 34. Mercury from amalgam will enter the body as elemental mercury, > inorganic mercury, vapor, charged mercury ions. > 35. In the Brain, Mercury from amalgam is stored preferentially in > the Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus.(20,34) > 36. Micro-Mercurialism is principally characterized by Neurological > symptoms.(34) > 37. Mercury is transported along the axons of nerve fibers.(33,34,50) > 38. Mercury from amalgam may be stored in every other cell in the > body. Each area affected will produce its own set of symptoms > 39. Mercury binds to hemoglobin in the red blood cell thus reducing > oxygen carrying capacity.(1,16,17,21,26,35) > 40. Mercury damages blood vessel reducing blood supply to the > tissues (micro-angiopathies).(34) > 41. Amalgam fillings produce electrical currents which might be > injurious to health. These currents are measurable in Micro > Amps. The Central Nervous System (Brain) operates in the range > of Nano-Amps this is One Thousand times less than a Micro Amp.(28) > 42. Dissimilar metals in the mouth [eg Gold & Amalgam] will produce > higher electrical currents.(19,30) > 43. Mercury from amalgam (shown in animal experiments) will induce > Antibiotic Resistance and Mercury resistance in bacteria in the > mouth and Gastrointestinal tract.(58) > 44. Brain levels of mercury are in a direct linear proportion to the > number of Surfaces of amalgam fillings in the mouth.(1,19,25) > 45. The level of Mercury, in brain tissue of fetus's, new born, and > young children, is proportional to the number of amalgams in the > mother's mouth.(61) > 46. Mercury will cause single strand breaks in DNA.(41,42) > 47. Mercury levels in the body can not be assessed by either blood > or urine levels. (26) > 48. Mercury from amalgam fillings is the single greatest source of > dietary mercury for the general population. (W.H.O. Criteria > 118., 1991). > 49. Dental personnel are severely effected by exposure to mercury. > (3,13,49) > > References: > > 1. Sandra Denton MD : Proceedings of the First International > Conference on Bio-compatibility 1988 > 2. EPA Mercury Health Effects Update Health Issue Assessment. Final > report 1984 EOA-600/8- 84f. USEPA, Office of Health and > Environmental Assessment Washington DC 20460 > 3. Gordon - Pregnancy in Female Dentists - a Mercury hazard. > Proceedings of Intl conference on Mercury Hazards in Dental > Practice Sept. 2-4 Glasgow 1981 > 4. Lee, L.P. and Dixon Effects of Mercury on Spermatogenesis J > Pharmacol Exp Thera 1975: 194(1);171-181. > 5. Anonymous . Mercury in Fish . Bull WHO 64(5) : 634; 1986 > 6. Schulein,T.M.; Reinhardt, J.W. and Chan K.C. Survey of Des > Moines area dental offices for Mercury vapor. Iowa Dent. J. > 70(1):35-36 1984 > 7. Jones DW, Sutton EJ, and Milner EL Survey of Mercury vapor in > dental offices in Atlantic Canada.Can. Dent.Assoc. J. > 4906:378-395, 1983 > 8. Ochoa, R. and Miller RW. Report on independent survey taken of > Austin dental offices for Mercury contamination. Texas Dent. J. > 100(1):6-9, 1983 > 9. Kantor L. and Woodcock C, Mercury vapor in the dental office - > does carpeting make a difference? JADA103(9):402-407,1981 > 10. Skuba, A Survey for Mercury vapor in Manitoba dental offices J > Can. Dent. Assoc. 50(7):517-522, 1984 > 11. Chop GF. and Kaufman EG. Mercury vapor related to manipulation > of amalgam and to floor surfaces. Oper. Dent.8(1):23-27,1983 > 12. Roydhouse RH. Ferg MR . and Knox RP. Mercury in dental offices J > Can Dent Assoc 51(2):156-158, 1985 > 13. Butler J. Proceedings from the First International Conference of > Bio-compatibility. 1988 14 Magnus Nylander, Mercury > concentrations in the human brain and kidneys in relaton to > exposure from dental amalgam fillings. ICBM 1988 > 14. Svare CW et.al. The effects of dental amalgam on Mercury levels > in expired air. J. Dent. Res.60(9):1668-1671,1981 > 15. Ott K et. al. Mercury burden due to amalgam fillings.Dtsch. > Zahnarztl Z 39(9):199-205, 1984 > 16. Abraham J, Svare C , Frank C,. The effects of dental amalgam > restorations on Blood Mercury levels. J. Dent. Res. > 63(1):71-73,1984 > 17. Vimy MJ. Lorscheider FL. Intra oral Mercury released from dental > amalgams. J. Dent Res. 64(8):1069-1071.,1985 > 18. Matts Hanson. Amalgam hazards in your teeth,. Dept of > Zoophysiology, University of Lund, Sweden. J. Orthomolecular > Psychiatry Vo1. 2 No 3 Sept 1983 > 19. Vimy MJ, Takahashi Y, Lorscheider FL Maternal-Fetal Distribution > of Mercury Released From Dental Amalgam Fillings. Dept of > Medicine and Medical Physiology, faculty of Medicine, Univ of > Calgary, Calgary Alberta Canada 1990 published in FASEB > 20. 21 Goyer RA Toxic effects of metals. Cassarett and Doull's > toxicology--The basic science of poisons , ed3, New York , > MacMillan Publ.Co 1986, pp582-609 > 21. Kuhnert P, Kunhert BRR and Erkard P COmparison of Mercury levels > in maternal blood fetal chord blood and placental tissue. Am. J. > Obstet and Gynecol.,139:209-212., 1981 > 22. Kuntz WD- Maternal and chord blood Mercury background levels; > Longitudinal surveilance. Am J Obstet and Gynecol. 143:440-443., > 1982 > 23. Brodsky JB. Occupational exposure to Mercury in dentistry and > pregnancy outcome. JADA111(11):779-780., 1985 > 24. Malmström C, Hansson M, Nylander M, Conference on Trace Elements > in Health and Disease. Stockholm May 25-1992 > 25. Lorscheider & Vimy The Lancet Vol 337; may 4, 1991. > 26. Matts Hanson. Why is Mercury toxic. Basic chemical and > biochemical properties of Mercury/amalgam in relation to > biological effects. ICBM conference Colorado 1988 > 27. Sheppard AR and Eisenbud M., Biological effects of electric and > magnetic fields of extremely low frequency. New York university > press. 1977 > 28. Mareck and Hockman. Simulated crevice corrosion experiment for > ph and solution chemistry determinations. CORROSION > 1974:23;1000-1006. > 29. Till et al. Zahnarztl. Welt/reform 1978:87;1130-1134. > 30. Langan, Fan, Hoos. The use of Mercury in dentistry: a critical > review of the literature. JADA Vol 115 December 1987., 867 > Donated by The ADA > 31. Jonnes, Suttow and Milner. Survey of Mercury vapor in dental > offices in Atlantic Canada., Canadian Dental Association Journal > ., 49(6):378-395.,1983 > 32. Goyer Toxic effects of metals. Casaret and Doull's toxicology- > the basic science of poisons. ed. 3 New York. Macmillan > Publishing. 1986 pp. 582-609 > 33. Patrick Störtebecker Formerly Associate Professor of Neurology, > Karolinska Institute , Stockholm.. Mercury Poisoning from Dental > Amalgam- a hazard to the human brain. > 34. Hal Huggins. Observations From The Metabolic Fringe. ICBM conf. > Colorado 1988 > 35. Sam Queen; Chronic Mercury Toxicity; New Hope Against an Endemic > Disease. > 36. Mohamed et al. Laser Light Scattering Study of the Toxic Effects > of MethylMercury on sperm motility. J. Androl.,7(1):11-15.,1986. > 37. Ziff S and Ziff M Infertility and birth defects.1987 > 38. Inouye M, Murao K, Kajiwara Y, Behavorial and neuropathological > effects of prenatal methyl Mercury exposure in mice. > Neurobeahv.Toxicol Teratol.,1985:7;227-232 > 39. Koos et al., Mercury toxicity in pregnant women, fetus and > newborn infant. Am J Obstet And Gynecol., 1976:126;390-409 > 40. Khera et al., Teratogenic and genetic effects of Mercury > toxicity. The biochemistry of Mercury in the environment. > Nriagu, J.O.Ed Amsterdam Elsevier, 503-18,1979 > 41. Babich et al ., The mediation of mutagenicity and clastogenicity > of heavy metals by physiochemical factors. Environ Res., > 1985:37;253-286 > 42. Hansen K et al A survey of metal induced mutagenicity in vitro > and in vivo J Amer Coll Toxicol ., 1984:3;381-430 > 43. Verchaeve L et al., Comparative in vitro cytogenetic studies in > Mercury exposed human lymphocytes Mutation Res., 1985:157; 221-226. > 44. Pelletier L et al., In -vivo self reactivity of mononuclear > cells to T cells and macrophages exposed to Hg Cl2 Eur. J > Immun., 1985: 460-465 > 45. Veron et al Amalgam Dentaires et allergies J Biol Buccale., 1986 > : 14; 83-100 > 46. Huggins H., Its All In You Head.1990 > 47. Stortebecker P. Mercury Poisoning from Dental Amalgam (Bioprob > pub. 1985) > 48. Amalgam Hazards - an assessment of research By Irwin Mandel DDS > Assoc. Dean for Research School of dental and Oral Surgery > Columbia University New York Published JADA Vol. 122 August 1991 > 49. Nylander et al. Fourth international symposium Epidemiology in > Occupational Health. Como Italy Sept.1985 > 50. Heintz, Edwardson, Derand, Birkhed Methylation of Mercury from > dental amalgam and mercuric chloride by oral Streptococci. Scan. > J. Dent. Res. 1983, 91:150-152 > 51. Bacterial Growth on Dental Restorative Materials in Mucosal > Contact. Orstavic, Arneberg, Valderhaug Acta Odontol. > Scand.1981, 39:267-274 > 52. The Methylation of Mercuric Chloride by Human Intestinal > Bacteria. Rowland, Grasso, Davies Experientia.Basel 1975 ,31: > 1064-1065 > 53. Yamada, Tonomura Formation of methyl Mercury Compounds from > inorganic Mercury . by Chlostridium cochlearium J Ferment > Technol1972 50:159-166 > 54. Hanson J Orthomolecular Psychiatry 1983, 12: 194-201 > 55. Amalgam Restorations and Mercury Toxicity. Dr P Sheridan, > Masters Thesis, University of Sydney 1991 > 56. Marxkors, R.: Korrosionserscheinungen an Amalgamf llungen und > Deren Auswirkungen auf den Menschlichen Organismus. Das Deutsche > Zahn rztebl. 24, 53, 117 and 170, 1970. > 57. Campbell & M. Godfrey Research into provocation testing of DMPS > - urine samples of Mercury. > 58. Summers AO, Wireman J., Vimy MJ., LOrscheider fly., Marshal B., > Evy SB., Bennet S., Billard L. J. Of Anti-microbial Agents and > Chemotherapy 37[4]:825-34 April 1993 > 59. Boyd ND, Benediktsson H, Vimy HJ, Hooper DE, and Lorscheider FL. > Mercury from dental "Silver" tooth fillings impairs sheep kidney > function. Am. J. Physiol. 261 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. > Physiol. 30): R1010-R1014, 1991 > 60. Stejskal V Sweden "Memory lymphocyte immuno- stimulation assay - > MLISA" > 61. Dr Gustav Drasch, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of > Munich. Public announcement 25 January 1994 Bio Probe March 1994 > 62. Dr W. Kostler., President of the Austrian Oncology Society. > Paper presented at the World Congress on Cancer. April 1994 > Sydney Australia. > 63. World Health Organization Criteria 118 1991 Geneva Switzerland > 64. Health damage due to exposure to mercury vapor (Mercury) Szkody > zdrowotne wywolane narazeniem napary rteci (Mercury). > Moszczynski-P Jr; Moszczynski-P Czas-Stomatol. 1989 Apr; 42(4): > 233-81989 (POLAND) > 65. Fung YK, Molvar MP, Strom A, Schneider NR, Carlson MP In vivo > mercury and methyl mercury levels in patients at different > intervals after amalgam restorations. College of Dentistry, > University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln. Northwest-Dent. > 1991 May-Jun; 70(3): 23-6 > 66. Thompson CM, Markesbery WR, Ehmann WD, Mao YX Regional brain > trace-element studies in Alzheimer's disease. In: > Neurotoxicology (1988 Spring) 9(1):1-7 > 67. Vance DE, Ehmann WD, Markesbery WR A search for longitudinal > variations in trace element levels in nails of Alzheimer's > disease patients. Biol Trace Elem Res (1990 Jul-Dec) 26-27:461-70 > 68. Systemic diseases caused by oral microorganisms. Debelian et. > al., (1994). Endod. Dent. Traumatol10:57-65. > 69. Systemic dissemination as a result of oral infection in > individuals 50 years of age and older. Navazesh and Mulligan > (1995). Spec. Care Dentist. 15:11-19. > 70. Focal pathology and infectious dental foci. Theoretical and > clinical aspects. Preda and Pasetti (1990). Dent. Cadmos 58:34-43. > 71. Association between acute cerebrovascular ischemia and chronic > and recurrent infection. Grau (1996). J. Periodontol. > 67:1103-1113.et al.,(1997). Stroke 28:1724-1729. > 72. Dental infections and coronary atherosclerosis. Mattila et al., > (1993). Atherosclerosis 103:205-211. > 73. Association between acute cerebrovascular ischemia and chronic > and recurrent infection. Grau et. al., (1997). Stroke 28724-1729. > 74. Association between dental health and acute myocardial > infarction. Mattila et. al., (1989). Br. Med. J. 298:779-784. > 75. Dental infections as a risk factor for acute myocardial > infarction. Mattila (1993). Europ. Heart J. 14:51-53. > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > > _______________________________________________ > Biofuel mailing list > Biofuel@sustainablelists.org > http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org > > Biofuel at Journey to Forever: > http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html > > Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): > http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ > > -- Bob Allen, ozarker.org/bob ------------------------------ Actually we are all atheists. When you understand why you have rejected every other God but one, then you will understand why I have rejected yours. -Author unknown _______________________________________________ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
