Pranam
1 Dopamine: Chemical messengers in the brain are called neurotransmitters.
They shuttle across the spaces between cells. These messengers then bind to
docking-station molecules called receptors. Those receptors relay the
signal carried by the neurotransmitter from one cell to its neighbor. Different
neurotransmitters are made in different parts of the brain. Two main brain
areas produce dopamine. One is called the *substantia nigra* (Sub-STAN-sha
NY-grah).{The term means “black substance” in Latin} It’s a tiny strip of
tissue on either side of the base of your brain. It sits in a region known
as the midbrain. Close by is the *ventral tegmental **area*. It, too, makes
dopamine. ( viagra was named in this last phrase). Together they are
smaller than a postage stamp. But the dopamine they produce relays signals
that travel throughout the brain. Dopamine from the substantia nigra helps
us begin movements and speech. When the brain cells that make dopamine in
this area start to die off, a person can have trouble initiating movement.
It’s just one of the many symptoms ravaging people with Parkinson’s disease
(a condition best known for uncontrollable tremors).The dopamine from the
ventral tegmental area doesn’t help people move — at least, not directly.
Instead, this area usually sends dopamine into the brain when animals
(including people) expect or receive a reward. That reward might be a
delicious slice of pizza or a favorite song. But dopamine has a more
sinister side. Drugs such as cocaine, nicotine and heroin cause huge boosts
in dopamine. The “high” people feel when they use drugs comes partly from
that dopamine spike. And that prompts people to seek out those drugs again
and again — even though they are harmful. Indeed, the brain “reward”
associated with that high can lead to drug abuse and eventually to
addiction. It's a Hormone called *2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl) ethylamine;
3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine*; 3-hydroxytyramine; DA; Intropin; Revivan;
Oxytyramine; Prolactin inhibiting factor; Prolactin inhibiting hormone.
Serotonin, another hormone, causes the opposite of emotional depression.
Now on the contrary, in spite of the dopamine and serotonin, the ancient
brain neurotransmitters behave as you wanted. Where the mind controls one ,
he bewilders Arjuna and finally enters the abyss of emotions from the apex
of happiness; had the mind gone under one's control, the effects of the
extremes are avoided, settling one in the balance of life. (chap 2 of
B G). Children
raised reciting Sanskrit mantras have measurable & unusual growth in the
brain's right hippocampus, which controls critical verbal memory organs,
neuroscientists have found.
{ James Hartzell Newyork science magazine 2018): A hundred dhoti-clad young
men sat cross-legged on the floor in facing rows, chatting amongst
themselves. At a sign from their teacher the hall went quiet. Then they
began the recitation. Without pause or error, entirely from memory, one
side of the room intoned one line of the text, then the other side of the
room answered with the next line. Bass and baritone voices filled the hall
with sonorous prosody, every word distinctly heard, their right arms moving
together to mark pitch and accent. The effect was hypnotic, ancient sound
reverberating through the room, saturating brain and body. After 20 minutes
they halted, in unison. It was just a demonstration. The full recitation of
one of India´s most ancient Sanskrit texts, the *Shukla Yajurveda*, takes
six hours.
I spent many years studying and translating Sanskrit, and became fascinated
by its apparent impact on mind and memory. In India's ancient learning
methods textual memorization is standard: traditional scholars, or pandits,
master many different types of Sanskrit poetry and prose texts; and the
tradition holds that exactly memorizing and reciting the ancient words and
phrases, known as mantras, enhances both memory and thinking.
I had also noticed that the more Sanskrit I studied and translated, the
better my verbal memory seemed to become. Fellow students and teachers
often remarked on my ability to exactly repeat lecturers’ own sentences
when asking them questions in class. Other translators of Sanskrit told me
of similar cognitive shifts. So I was curious: was there actually a
language-specific “Sanskrit effect” as claimed by the tradition?
When I entered the cognitive neuroscience doctoral program at the
University of Trento (Italy) in 2011, I had the opportunity to start
investigating this question. India's Vedic Sanskrit pandits train for years
to orally memorize and exactly recite 3,000-year old oral texts ranging
from 40,000 to over 100,000 words. We wanted to find out how such intense
verbal memory training affects the physical structure of their brains.
Through the India-Trento Partnership for Advanced Research (ITPAR), we
recruited professional Vedic pandits from several government-sponsored
schools in the Delhi region; then we used structural magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) at India’s National Brain Research Center to scan the brains
of pandits and controls matched for age, gender, handedness, eye-dominance
and multilingualism.
What we discovered <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26188261> from the
structural MRI scanning was remarkable. Numerous regions in the brains of
the pandits were dramatically larger than those of controls, with over 10
percent more grey matter across both cerebral hemispheres, and substantial
increases in cortical thickness. Although the exact cellular underpinnings
of gray matter and cortical thickness measures are still under
investigation, increases in these metrics consistently correlate with
enhanced cognitive function.
Most interesting for verbal memory was that the pandits' right
hippocampus—a region of the brain that plays a vital role in both short and
long-term memory—had more gray matter than controls across nearly 75
percent of this subcortical structure. Our brains have two hippocampi, one
on the left and one on the right, and without them we cannot record any new
information. Many memory functions are shared by the two hippocampi. The
right is, however, more specialized for patterns, whether sound, spatial or
visual, so the large gray matter increases we found in the pandits’ right
hippocampus made sense: accurate recitation requires highly precise sound
pattern encoding and reproduction. The pandits also showed substantially
thickening of right temporal cortex regions that are associated with speech
prosody and voice identity.
Our study was a first foray into imaging the brains of professionally
trained Sanskrit pandits in India. Although this initial research, focused
on intergroup comparison of brain structure, could not directly address the
Sanskrit effect question (that requires detailed functional studies with
cross-language memorization comparisons, for which we are currently seeking
funding), we found something specific about intensive verbal memory
training. Does the pandits’ substantial increase in the gray matter of
critical verbal memory organs mean they are less prone to devastating
memory pathologies such as Alzheimer's? We don't know yet, though anecdotal
reports from India's Ayurvedic doctors suggest this may be the case. If so,
this raises the possibility that verbal memory “exercising‘ or training
might help elderly people at risk of mild cognitive impairment retard or,
even more radically, prevent its onset.
If so, the training might need to be exact. One day I was filming four
senior pandit teachers demonstrating the different recitation speeds.
Partway into one session all four suddenly stopped. “What’s wrong?‘ I
asked. “One of us made a slight error," came the response. "I don’t mind,"
I said. "Yes, but we do," and they restarted the entire recitation from the
beginning.
Listening to music can be a fun way to stimulate dopamine release in
the brain. Several brain imaging studies have found that listening to
music increases activity in the reward and pleasure areas of the brain,
which are rich with dopamine receptors. Meditation
<https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/12-benefits-of-meditation> is the
practice of clearing your mind, focusing inward and letting your thoughts
float by without judgment or attachment. It can be done while standing,
sitting or even walking, and regular practice is associated with improved
mental and physical health . New research has found that these benefits may
be due to increased dopamine levels in the brain. One study including eight
experienced meditation teachers found a 64% increase in dopamine production
after meditating for one hour, compared to when resting quietly. It’s
thought that these changes may help meditators maintain a positive mood and
stay motivated to remain in the meditative state for a longer period of time
. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a condition in which people feel sad
or depressed during the winter season when they are not exposed to enough
sunlight <https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/vitamin-d-from-sun>. It’s
well known that periods of low sunshine exposure can lead to reduced levels
of mood-boosting neurotransmitters, including dopamine, and that sunlight
exposure can increase them.
Therefore Brain does not need the dopamine but the body induces for
the pleasure of the unknown in the wrong way while the best way for
sat-chit-ananda is provided heer; and that is why ISCKOns have come up
celebrating through the PM of India their Guru"s 125th year in India. And
Sandilya vidya is that raising the dopamine in right direction: The *Śāṇḍilya
Vidya* is described in the following four passages in the Chandogya
Upanishad (III.xiv.1-4) wherein Śāṇḍilya provides the cosmological proof of
the Absolute <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_(philosophy)> or
Brahman, the supreme life-principle, from whom and within which emerge,
function, evolve and dissolve all beings and things. Śāṇḍilya states:-
सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्म तज्जलानिति शान्त उपासीत । अथ खलु क्रतुमयः पुरुषो
यथाक्रतुरस्मिँल्लोके पुरुषो भवति तथेतः प्रेत्य भवति स क्रतुं कुर्वीत ॥ १ ॥1.
" All this is Brahman. From It the universe comes forth, in It the universe
merges and in It the universe breathes. Therefore a man should meditate on
Brahman with a calm mind. Now, verily, a man consists of will. As he wills
in this world, so does he become when he has departed hence. Let him with
this knowledge in mind form his will. "मनोमयः प्राणशरीरो भारूपः सत्यसङ्कल्प
आकाशात्मा सर्वकर्मा सर्वकामः सर्वगन्धः सर्वरसः सर्वमिदमभ्यत्तोऽवाक्यनादरः ॥
२ ॥एष म आत्मान्तर्हृदयेऽणीयान्व्रीहेर्वा यवाद्वा सर्षपाद्वा श्यामाकाद्वा
श्यामाकतण्डुलाद्वैष म आत्मान्तर्हृदये ज्यायान्पृथिव्या
ज्यायानन्तरिक्षाज्ज्यायान्दिवो ज्यायानेभ्यो लोकेभ्यः ॥ ३ ॥2-3. " He who
consists of the mind, whose body is subtle, whose form is light, whose
thoughts are true, whose nature is like the akasa, whose creation in this
universe, who cherishes all righteous desires, who contains all pleasant
odours, who is endowed with all tastes, who embraces all this, who never
speaks and who is without longing— He is my Self within the heart, smaller
than a grain of rice, smaller than a grain of barley, smaller than a
mustard seed, smaller than a grain of millet; He is my Self within the
heart, greater than the earth, greater than the mid—region, greater than
heaven, greater than all these worlds. "सर्वकर्मा सर्वकामः सर्वगन्धः
सर्वरसः सर्वमिदमभ्यात्तोऽवाक्यनादर एष म आत्मान्तर्हृदय एतद्ब्रह्मैतमितः
प्रेत्याभिसंभवितास्मीति यस्य स्यादद्धा न विचिकित्सास्तीति ह स्माह
शाण्डिल्यः शाण्डिल्यः ॥ ४ ॥4. " He whose creation is this universe, who
cherishes all desires, who contains all odours, who is endowed with all
tastes, who embraces all this, who never speaks and who is without
longing—He is my Self within the heart, He is that Brahman. When I shall
have departed hence I shall certainly reach Him: one who has this faith and
has no doubt will certainly attain to that Godhead. Thus said Sandilya,
yea, thus he said. "KR IRS 2921
On Thu, 2 Sept 2021 at 07:51, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 <
[email protected]> wrote:
> *CULTURAL QA 09-2021-02*
>
> *Being a compilation there may be errors*
>
> *All QA in this posting are interesting medical topics answered by
> Doctors. Those not interested medical topics can **SKIP **this posting *
>
> Q1 Why does the brain always want more dopamine?
>
> A1 Hannah Elizabeth Sabu Undergraduate from KUHS-Kerala
> University of Health Sciences Mon
>
> Dopamine is known as the “pleasure chemical”. It is the neurotransmitter
> that carry over the signals and makes the person more active. Whenever
> dopamine is released in high amounts in the brain, it causes a feeling of
> well being the so called “euphoria “. This makes the person more
> pleasurable, active, enthusiastic and motivated according to myths and
> beliefs. Actual studies are going on. Rather dopamine reinforces the
> pleasurable sensations and feelings. The thing is that human body
> constantly needs happiness and euphoria, this is the same thing what we get
> from drugs and other matter, hence the brain crave for more dopamine to get
> those “high” feelings.
>
> Q2 Can we sleep after exercising? Why or why not?
>
> A2 kheel Kumar Soni Doctor (2021–present) August 16
>
> Exercise is very important for healthy body.
>
> “Health is wealth”
>
> Benefits of exercise……..
>
> Can make you feel you happier.
>
> It is is good for muscle and bone.
>
> It can increase your energy level.
>
> It can reduce the risk of chronic disease.
>
> It can help of skin health.
>
> It can help of your brain and memory.
>
> It can help with relaxation and sleep quality
>
> It can promote a better sex life
>
> It can reduce pain.
>
> Enhance the body stamina.
>
> Advantage of sleep…….after workout
>
> Muscle recovery. Taking a nap after exercise can support muscle recovery.
> When you sleep, your pituitary gland releases growth hormone. Your muscles
> need this hormone to repair and build tissue. This is essential for muscle
> growth, athletic performance, and reaping the benefits of physical activity.
>
> Improved sleep debt. Sleep deprivation hinders muscle recovery. It also
> slows down cognitive function and weakens the immune system, contributing
> to poor athletic performance. By taking a nap, you can lessen the effects
> of sleep deprivation by getting more rest.
>
> Reduced physical fatigue. Feeling sleepy after exercise is a sign of
> muscle fatigue. However, as napping encourages muscle recovery, it
> decreases fatigue. This can make it easier to handle other obligations
> during the rest of the day.
>
> Increased mental alertness. Similarly, taking a nap after exercise can
> give you a boost of mental energy. If you woke up early to work out, a nap
> can help you feel less tired.
>
> Disadvantages of sleep after workout……
>
> Poor nap quality. Exercise increases your endorphins and body
> temperature. These exercise-induced changes can keep your brain and body
> awake. That’s why some people avoid working out just before bed. Therefore,
> even if you want to nap, it might be difficult to get quality rest. It
> might take time to determine if post-workout naps are right for you.
>
> Increased grogginess. If you take a long nap, you might enter the deeper
> stages of sleep. You’ll feel groggy and disoriented when you wake up. This
> feeling, known as sleep inertia , can last for up to 30 minutes.
>
> Disrupted nighttime sleeping. Although napping can decrease sleep debt,
> it can negatively affect nighttime sleep. You might have trouble falling
> asleep later at night.
>
> *Plus, if you have a sleep disorder , napping may worsen your symptoms.
> Talk to your doctor if you feel the urge to regularly taking naps*
>
> Q3 What are symptoms of urinary tract infection?
>
> A3 Abhinav Sharma Studied at Kasturba Medical College,
> Mangalore (Graduated 2016)August 24
>
> A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of your
> urinary system — your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Most
> infections involve the lower urinary tract — the bladder and the urethra.
>
> Women are at greater risk of developing a UTI than are men. Infection
> limited to your bladder can be painful and annoying. However, serious
> consequences can occur if a UTI spreads to your kidneys.
>
> Doctors typically treat urinary tract infections with antibiotics. But
> you can take steps to reduce your chances of getting a UTI in the first
> place.
>
> Urinary tract infections don't always cause signs and symptoms, but when
> they do they may include:
>
> A strong, persistent urge to urinate
>
> A burning sensation when urinating
>
> Passing frequent, small amounts of urine
>
> Urine that appears cloudy
>
> Urine that appears red, bright pink or cola-colored — a sign of blood
> in the urine
>
> Strong-smelling urine
>
> Pelvic pain, in women — especially in the center of the pelvis and around
> the area of the pubic bone *UTIs may be overlooked or mistaken for other
> conditions in older adults.*
>
> Q4 Can you tell about laser surgery?
>
> A4 Doctor name I could not copy please
>
> Advantages
>
> Improved vision
>
> Unsurprisingly, the most obvious benefit of opting for laser vision
> correction surgeries such as LASIK is improved vision. While there is no
> guarantee that you will have perfect eyesight after the procedure, around
> 96% of patients who choose LASIK to achieve 20/20 vision.
>
> The vision is dramatically improved and their reliance on eyeglasses or
> contact lenses is significantly reduced.
>
> Safety
>
> Although no procedure is entirely risk-free, laser vision correction is
> now safer than ever before. Nevertheless, the flap technique is by far the
> best to date and corneal flap acts as a natural bandage.
>
> Fast healing
>
> The healing time from a LASIK procedure is typically around 24-36 hours.
> There is also no need to wear uncomfortable bandages. This means that you
> can get back to your job and drive with minimal time.
>
> Disadvantages
>
> Flap complications
>
> By far the biggest risk associated with LASIK laser eye surgery stems from
> the flap technique. After your lower layers of cornea have been reshaped,
> the flap will be placed back over the lens. However, the flap is extremely
> delicate and thin, and the process is fiddly.
>
> Though one thing to keep in mind is flap complications occur in rare cases.
>
> Dry eyes
>
> Dry eye is a fairly common condition that seems to be more prevalent in
> patients who choose LASIK eye surgery, and the effects can last days,
> weeks, or in severe cases, even months. It occurs when the reduced
> sensitivity of the corneal nerves from the laser procedure prevents your
> eye from recognizing that it needs lubrication. Therefore, you can
> experience dry, scratchy, and uncomfortable eyes.
>
> Dry eye syndrome is usually treated with eye drops, but sometimes
> anti-inflammatory medications are also recommended.
>
> There aren't just one or two benefits of getting lasik eye surgery. There
> is a pool of benefits one can seek out of Lasik. I was referred to Dr.
> Rahil Chaudhary by a very satisfied patient. Having Lasik has changed my
> life.
>
> According to stats, in the hands of an expert laser eye surgeon using
> today’s advanced technology, the chance of something going noticeably wrong
> is around 1 in 1000. These typical complication rates have been provided by
> Eye7 doctors.
>
> LASIK will allow you to have good vision even without glasses and
> contact lenses. It allows you more freedom to do activities where glasses
> are a hindrance.
>
> Less than 24 hours after having Lasik, my vision was 6/6 in both
> eyes. Anyone who has worn glasses or contact lenses for any length of time
> doesn’t need to be told how wonderful it would be to put them down forever.
>
> The procedure was so simple yet effective.
>
> There are some obvious side effects of vision correction surgery but
> the good thing is all these side effects are temporary. I did have to use
> lubricating eye drops for over 4 months.
>
> I feel that my night vision has improved.
>
> The results are long-lasting. Lasik is considered to provide
> long-lasting vision correction.
>
>
>
> There are no CONS of Lasik surgery as such. If I had to give some cons
> ii’d probably say,
>
> Everyone is not eligible for lasik surgery.
>
> There are some side effects(temporary)
>
> After Lasik precautions are inconvenient to follow for a longer
> period of time.
>
> There are a variety of LASIK surgeries - Contoura, SMILE etc. The basic
> idea though, remains the same.
>
> LASIK does not “cure” your myopia. It corrects it. Your cornea is
> reshaped to make light refract on the retina and not elsewhere. Hence, the
> aim of LASIK is to drop the patient’s power to as close to 0 as possible.
> In up to 90% cases, a re-correction is not required. EVER.
>
> I cannot personally think of any con of LASIK other than the minimalistic
> risk involved. As with any medical surgery, *LASIK involves a bit of risk
> but NO, YOU CANNOT BECOME BLIND from LASIK.* Flap related complications
> are also extremely rare in this day and age and LASIK is truly one of the
> safest surgeries out there. It is bladeless and painless. The pros however
> are limitless! Just imagine that you would never have to wear glasses
> anywhere. You can go on trips without the hassle of carrying multiple
> glasses! No foginess in front of your eyes! I can keep going on and on…I
> had my surgery last month and now have 6/6 vision. I’m loving this!
>
> To sun up, I’d say that there is no need to fret. Find a good doctor in
> your city and book an appointment. He/she will walk you through the rest.
>
> Q5 What do you mean by lifestyle disorders?
>
> A5 Abhinav Sharma Studied at Kasturba Medical College,
> Mangalore (Graduated 2016)August 24Studied at Kasturba Medical College,
> Mangalore (Graduated 2016)August 24
>
> The lifestyle that most of you lead might be really ‘cool’ and help you
> fill up your bank balance well, but this lifestyle in itself is a disorder.
> Unhealthy dietary habits, irregular sleep cycles and overdependence on
> technology has resulted in lifestyle diseases seeing an upward spike.
>
> Problems like hypertension, overweight issues or obesity-related issues
> which give rise to multiple cardiovascular problems and many others are all
> associated with the term ‘Lifestyle Disorders’. Those two words go on to
> explain quite a bit about the problems and are directly associated with how
> a person’s lifestyle pans out. Today is a different time of life; the
> lifestyles have changed, which in India is called ‘Westernization’ while in
> the west they blame it on technology and other things like purchasing power
> and easy availability and access to an unhealthy way of life.
>
> Research has found that globally, about 15 million people die every year.
> These people are between the ages 30-69 and the primary reasons for these
> deaths are directly associated with problems like heart attacks, diabetes
> and high blood pressure. From another perspective, a lack of regular
> exercises and the easy availability of resources has made life a tricky
> prospect, which has become concerning and vulnerable to problems, which are
> known as lifestyle disorders.
>
> Here are some of the most prominent lifestyle diseases that many of you
> deal with today, mainly due to a lack of paying proper attention to our
> health and falling in for more consumption than we might need.
>
> Obesity
>
> Arteriosclerosis Heart Diseases High Blood Pressure
>
> Type II Diabetes
>
> Cancer Stroke
>
> The problems mentioned above are some of the common issues people of today
> face due to lifestyle choices and poor health habits. There are many other
> problems associated with lifestyle disorders, but the most significant
> challenge remains with the people and their ignorant choices of leading a
> life, which is causing increasing issues among millions of Indians on an
> annual basis.
>
> Q6 Why do some antibiotics make you sick before they work?
>
> A6 Mudikey Kumar Bsc (hons) in BSc in Microbiology & Physics,
> Chemistry and Biology (Science Stream), Osmanis University Hyderaba
> (Graduated 1990) August 23
>
> Some people are allergic to certain compounds like sulpha groups ,even
> pencillin u need to check whether it is suitable for u or not with doctor
> with u r side effects incase if u come across even corticosteroid are not
> suitable for one and all take a advice from u r doctor for test dose or
> advise keep remained of such compunds which u r allergic to
>
> Q7 Are cycling and swimming good for health? By them, would
> one get which types of benefits?
>
> A7 Aadarsh Kunwar Lives in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
> (2021–present)Sat
>
> Yes,it is good for health to cycling and swimming.
>
> Its Benefits are:—
>
> 1)By cycling one can get of less deposition of fat in the legs and in the
> normal blood circulation,it make strong your legs.
>
> 2)By swimming one would get the benefit of fast muscular and leg
> moments,heart beat get in control too.
>
> Q8 What are the different types of deficiency of crucial
> vitamins? Are there any shortcuts to remember?
>
> A8 Aadarsh Kunwar Lives in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
> (2021–present) Sat
>
> There are many deficiencies of vitamins and that are:—
>
> 1)Night Blindness-Vitamin-A(Retinol-its scientific name).
>
> 2) Beri-Beri-Vitamin-C(Ascorbic Acid).
>
> 3)Scurvi-Vitamin-D(difiency of sunlight in the bones and in the body).
>
> So,the tactic for this is that of you or someone have any eye problem then
> make sure yourself that it is caused by Vitamin-A difficiency.
>
> If the problem is bone or tissue related then you can 100% go with the
> difficiency of Vitamin-D,ok.
>
> If the problem is related with metabolism or any gastric,digestion
> activities then you can go with only the difficiency of Vitamin-C,ok.
>
> This is the technique to memorize it in short as Eye(light)-Vitamin-A.
>
> Bone or tissue-Vitamin-D.
>
> Digestion or metabolic rates-Vitamin-C.
>
> Q9 Does Alcohol removes the kidney stone?
>
> A9 Shruti Sneha DasLived in Rourkela, Odisha, India Sat
>
> You should do your best to eliminate alcohol, coffee, tea and soda during
> this time. Do your best to drink as much water as possible. Dehydrating
> fluids like alcohol and coffee will not help you pass your kidney stones
> and may make the pain worse.
>
> Instead have water instead.
>
> *All the above QA are based on Quora medical digest on 01-09- 2021. Quora
> answers need not be 100% correct answers *
>
> *Compiled and posted by R. Gopala krishnan on 02- 09-2021*
>
>
>
> --
> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups
> "iyer123" group.
> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an
> email to [email protected].
> To view this discussion on the web visit
> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/1388607048.1205584.1630549268747%40mail.yahoo.com
> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/1388607048.1205584.1630549268747%40mail.yahoo.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>
> .
>
--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups
"Thatha_Patty" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email
to [email protected].
To view this discussion on the web visit
https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZoqHhn7TXy_vrEMyTWWAPNfzAGzVU5QNSQgR3%3Dhibon-Vg%40mail.gmail.com.
