CULTURAL QA 07-2022-28 BEING A COMPILATIONTHERE MAY BE ERRORS
Q1 Whydoes water leak from an air conditioner? A1 Sudheesh S Krishna,Mechanical Engineer| System Engineer | Keralite 6y It is not actuallya leak!! The water that you see 'leaking' is actually condensed water vapour a.k.ahumidity in the atmosphere/room. The optimal relative humidity(which is a measure of humidity) is around 50%. In your case, the air insidethe room must be having relative humidity (R.H) higher than the optimum comfortlevel (i.e >50%). Theair conditioner decreases the R.H and the condensed excess humidity is what yousee as leaking out. My note- If one use airconditioner for about 8 hours daily in the night, one canobserve the outflow is very less. Q2 Whydo the enzymes of the pancreas not work well in acid conditions? A2 Ken Saladin,Former professor ofhistology (microscopic anatomy)Jul 22 First let’s startwith the pH conditions in the stomach and small intestine—why they’re sodifferent— and then we can look at why that affects the optimal pH for gastricand pancreatic enzymes. The stomach is an extremely acidic environment—pH 1 to 2.The acid serves to hydrolyze a protein called pepsinogen, converting thelarger part of it to pepsin. Pepsin, in turn, digests one’s dietaryproteins into short chains, and it converts even more pepsinogen to pepsin(it’s autocatalytic). Thestrong acid also provides protection from the innumerable trillions of microbeswe consume in our food and drink; stomach acid is part of ourresistance to infection, our innate immunity. Since the stomach contents are soacidic, pepsin is adapted to work at extremely low pH. The stomach has to protect itself from this acid, so it hasa thick coat of alkaline mucus for that purpose.But thick alkaline mucus would interfere with nutrient absorption (the stomachabsorbs almost no nutrients). Nutrient absorption is a small intestinefunction, so the small intestine can’t have a thick mucous coat. It must bethinner to allow for absorption. Without the thick mucus, however, one might think the smallintestine would be very vulnerable to stomach acid.To prevent that, however, one of the secretions of the pancreas is sodiumbicarbonate. This reacts with the stomach’s hydrochloric acid (HCl) as soon asthe HCl enters the duodenum; the two react to produce, essentially, carbonatedsaltwater (NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2). The small intestine therefore has a much higher pH, in factslightly alkaline: 7.4 to 7.8. The pancreas also secretes half a dozen digestive enzymes.Those enzymes are adapted to work at this slightly alkaline pH.If exposed to un-buffered stomach acid, they would change three-dimensionalshape (called denaturation) and lose their enzymatic activity. And there’s theanswer to your question. Q3 Whyare beaches in Singapore not as popular as other neighboring countries? A3 Joe JJ, Updated 2y I live in SingaporeI will explain why. Look at this picture what do you see. This is a photo ofEast Coast beach In Singapore. Singapore is, if not the world‘s busiest port,at least the second. Singapore’s entire length of its coast from east to westis only 40+km. With such a small land area and somany ships you will only see lots and lots of ships. And those are not fishingboats, I am talking about oil tankers and cargo ships. And ships this size are bound torelease pollutants. Compared to this,Desaru just barely a 20km drive from Singapore. Endless blue sea, miles ofwhite undisturbed beach. Singapore is a lot of things but beaches are just not oneof them. Ps: a lot of peoplementioned Singapore to Desaru is an 80km drive. Apologies for the mistake. Thedistance between Singapore to Desaeru is about 20km but the drive there is muchlonger due to the detour on the road. Q4 Howcan type 2 diabetes be cured? A4 Narayana Health, Health for all. Allfor health. Updated 5h Diabetes andobesity are increasing at an epidemic proportion throughout the world. Indiawith a population of more than 1.2 billion has a significant number of patientswith diabetes. Diabetes is oftenignored as it does not cause any pain and significant discomfort. But once it causes damage, most of the time the changes are irreversible. High blood sugarscan be life-threatening too. It can damage the kidneys permanently, requiring dialysis. Diabetes can lead to blindness by damaging the retina. Foot infections can lead to amputations. Strokes and heart attacks are also common. All of these can beprevented to some extent by having good control of diabetes. Much needs to bedone to create awareness on how to prevent and control diabetes. Every singleperson should take the initiative and help fight diabetes! Take these steps to fight diabetes: Exercise for atleast 30 minutes each day – it reduces the risk of diabetes by 40% Lead a healthierlifestyle Reduce your weight. Obesity is a big risk factor todevelop diabetes. Eat the right food.Always think about what the food that you eat does to the rest of your bodyafter you have relished it with your tongue! Reduce the intakeof soft drinks, sugary and other high-calorie foods Quit smoking andalcohol consumption Do not let yourchildren become obese (overweight). Encourage children to adopt outdooractivities like jogging, playing various games, skipping, swimming, etc. Source: NarayanaHealth[1] Diabetes Mellitus[2] My note- I am told by my nephrologist,intake of insulin injection,keeps blood sugar levels under control, so no physical activity and weightgain. So possible physical activity and reduce the quantity of insulininjection. The same is told by my diabetologist also. Q5 Whydoes the bridge on a ship have to be dark at night? A5 Arun Visvanathan, Former Sea Captain atMerchant Navy (1990–2016) Jul 9 Do you drive atnight with the inside of your car illuminated? Try it. I guarantee that youwill have an accident in quick time because you won’t be able to see anything,streetlights not withstanding. There are no streetlights at sea and the only illuminationis from the moon. The bridge watch needs to havegood night vision to see anything. Have the bridge lit up and they will havethe same problems as the car driver with a brightly lit interior. Despite the advances in radartechnology, the law (Rule 5 of COLREG) requires all vessels to keep a properlookout by sight and hearing. A lookout with no night vision is notproper. Q6 Whydo lions sleep for 20 hours per day? A6 Nick Nicholas,Studied Big Cats for 40+years Jul 16 When you are top predator, you canbasically live how ever you like. Mostcats sleep or more usually doze for long hours each day and as another answerpoints out all cats have few sweat glands so it doesmake sense to sleep in the shade during the heat of the day. Lionshave little to fear, particularly if they are secure in their own territory, sosleeping all day ma kes sense and conserves energy. Most lion pridesare active in the morning or evening, but during the heat of the day ????Nothing like sleep !!It israrely a deep sleep though (unless after a very big meal). Q7 Canyou become wealthy without being rich? A7 Awdhesh Singh, Ex-IRS|IITian|UPSCEducator|Time Management Coach6y I have a friend whois a graduate from an IIT and hold his management degree from an IIM. He wasearlier working in a top company in India but now set up his own company sincelast few years. He is always busy travelling, meeting his clients and managinghis employees. He has no time for his friends and family. He is no doubt quiterich as he lives in a big house and drives an expensive car. Can you really call him a wealthy person? The answer to this question would be affirmativeunless you know that that wealth does not mean only money but also several other valuable things oflife. If you have all the money of the world but you miss the otherforms of wealth, you are still poor. Let me discuss some lesser known forms ofwealth which we all may have but we have stopped appreciating them. 1: Wealth of Time How nice it is to havelots of time to do what you love to do? Time is not less valuable than money.Its importance increases even more because everyone has only 24 hours of timein a day. You can’t inherit any more time from your parents. No one can giftyou or bribe you even a minute extra. You have to spare agood 8 hours every day for sleeping.Hence, you have 16 hours of time at yourdisposal. If you can’t manage even couple of hours from your busy schedule formeet your friends, spend time with your family, read books, listen good musicor watch nice movies; how can you be called wealthy? 2: Wealth of Knowledge There are peoplewho are so much busy making money that they have no time to learn things inlife and acquire new knowledge. We know that knowledge is power but little doknow that knowledge is an inexhaustible source of wealth also because it alwaysin demand. If Bill Gates, who is the richest person of the world, decides togive away even $10-15 to every person in the world, he would become bankrupt inno time. However, if you have knowledge and you give it all to everyone in theworld, it is not diminished even by an iota. As a matter of fact, your knowledge increases as youshare it with others. My friends on Quora who share their knowledge with otherswould agree with me. 3: Wealth of Health “He who has health,has hope,” said Thomas Carlyle. “And he, who has hope, has everything.” Howpoor you are if you have all the wealth of the world but your health is in poorshape. Unfortunate is the person who has sacrificed his health for the sake ofearning money. Money for health is a poor bargain in life. Dalai Lama oncesaid, “Man surprised me most about humanity.Because he sacrifices his health in order to make money. Then he sacrificesmoney to recuperate his health. And then he is so anxious about the future thathe does not enjoy the present; the result being that he does not live in thepresent or the future;he lives as if he is never going to die, and then dieshaving never really lived.” 4: Wealth of Relationship Imagine yourselfliving in a palace made of gold with all the servants and luxuries of life.However, you have no friends and relatives to share your feelings and thoughts.What is the use of all the material wealth of the world, when you have no bodyto share your joys and sorrow? There are indeed some people I know, who havelots of wealth but they are disliked in their own family and discarded by theirfriends. They are craving all the time for someone speaks to them nicely andhug them as friends. They are extremely poor in my opinion. 5: Wealth of Character "When wealthis lost, nothing is lost, when health is lost, something is lost” said BillyGraham. “When character is lost, everything is lost." Unfortunately, mostpeople do not realize the importance of character till they lose it completely.You can still get your lost health back by proper treatment, but there is noway, you can get back your character, which is lost forever. You are discardedby the society forever, even if you are the richest and most powerful person ofthe world. You lose all yourvalue as a human being when you lose character. My note- Afew everywhere loose wealth of character. Q8 Mywashing machine is not changing the mode in which I need my clothes washed. Howcan this issue be fixed? A8 Gopala Krishnan,Former AssistantGeneral Manager 1996-2004 at Department of Telecom (1966–2004)Just now The problem can be with display LED display unit.Call company technician and he will replace it, if the washing machine is outof date. Other wise purchase a new machine if the washing machine is very old. Q9 Whatis a physician's greatest fear in medicine? A9 Dr. MK Doctor Updated Sun I thinkit's the fear of being unable to understand what's going on with a patient. Ihave seen medical specialists in full confidence even when their patient wasabout to die. They could predict everything that would be happening to the manin blue gown. “This patient won't be seeing the worldoutside ICU ever again"The patient died two hours after that. But nobody losttheir mind because everything was predictable. No chaos. No worries. Now consider a scenario wherein unexpected events arehappening to a patient and the doctor has no clue as to why it is happening.It is frustrating and scary. You don't know what the next outcome will be. Apatient having continuous fever and every damn investigation coming out normal,you don't know what the heck is going on inside the body. We at AFMC once had acase of undiagnosed fever which was nothing but Infective Endocarditis only.Guess how it was diagnosed? PET-CT. Blood culture was normal. Uncertainty is thefoundation of horror in the context of medicine. Today only, I saw a patientbrought in the emergency room with complaints of breathlessness. Her mothergave history of her lips going awry. Apparently, her XII results had just beendeclared and she had a full blown panic attack. Such rapid breaths, her calciumlevels dropped. When the BP cuff was inflated, her hands twisted in a spasm andher mother started crying in hysterics. Panic raises the breathing rate. Rapid, shallow breaths wash out CO2 fromthe body. Since CO2 is acidic, its loss causes alkalosis. High blood pHcauses calcium to bind to albumin and decreases its level in blood. Low calciumlevels in blood make our muscles contract against our will. Plain and simple.No rocket science. The condition might have looked devastating to the motherbut we knew it's nothing to be afraid of. Five minutes of breathing in bag andshe was fit as a fiddle. Uncertainty is thefoundation of horror in the context of medicine. Yet medicine is nothing butcertainty of the uncertainty. MK~ Edit: Some people are confused about this breathing in bagthing. The science goes like this- breathing in bagmakes you inhale air which has high concentration of carbon dioxide (sincehere, you inhale what you exhale) and it rectifiesthe decreased levels of CO2 in blood. CO2 decreasesalkalinity>> Calcium levels come back to normal>> Spasm of musclesgoes away. Q10 Whatis the cheapest country to visit from India? A10 Anubhav Kanwar,Dentist Jul 13 As surprising as itmay sound but truth is that there exists a lot of nations where Indianbackpackers, solo travellers and visitors, in general, can go tripping on aresourceful budget. All you need to do is make your pick wisely. ICELAND-Most people assume thatIceland is expensive. But what they don’t realise is that if backpacking isadapted as a norm, travel costs are significantly reduced for an Indiantraveller. MOLDOVA-Moldova is unheard of by mostIndian travellers despite being an extremely beautiful European country. Not toforget, super cheap. If you can book flights on time, you can reduce youraverage trip cost. HUNGARY-One of my first mostaffordable international trips was to Hungary. Ever since I’ve advocated formore and more people to travel to this wonderful European nation. BHUTAN-What can be better than acountry so close to India, so safe and so cheap? Bhutan is one of the cheapestcountries to travel from India. PHILIPPINES-Philippines lies in the Indianocean and is a vast treasure house of pretty locales. If you can keep a tab ondiscounts offered by SkyScanner and Air Asia, you’ll end up saving a lot ofmoney. MACEDONIA-Located in the Balkanpeninsula, Macedonia is a gorgeous European nation. If you can earn a decentamount of credit miles on flights, travelling to Macedonia can actually be thecheapest in Europe. CHILE-Chile is one South American nationthat you would want to visit again and again. I cannot even begin to describeits magnificence. Chile as a nation is very affordable. The only thing to watchout for is flight costs. BENIN-Anybody visiting Togo shouldcertainly visit Benin. They lie back to back in Western Africa. The terrain ismore or less the same and so are the travel costs. MALAWI-Malawi is safe, cheap, and funfor Indian travellers. The people here are hospitable and welcoming. It’s sadthat not many Indians keep Malawi on their travel bucket list. SERBIA-Serbia is quite an underratedtravel destination. I highly insist that more Indian travellers should visitit. It’s a lovely nation with warm and welcoming people. VIETNAM-Vietnam is one of the bestSouth East Asian countries to take a backpacking trip. This includes solotravel for both men and women. This region is one of the cheapest countries totravel from India. MYANMAR-As an Indian, you are allowedto travel to Myanmar via road. This is possible through Manipur’s capital city– Imphal. In order to reach Imphal, either travel from Guwahati (Assam’s capital)by plane or even by train. KAZAKHSTAN-For Indian travellers, a tripto Kazakhstan will prove to be super cheap if you club it along withUzbekistan. That way, you spend on flights just one time and from can travel toKazakhstan by train. It’s strange but must see the region. It’s actually a mixof super developed cities that have become business hubs and weird desertedplaces. All the above QA are from Quora website on 27 -07- 2022. Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers . Compiled and posted by R. Gopala krishnan on 28-07-2022 -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. 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