CULTURAL QA 12-2022-30 BEING ACOMPILATION THERE MAY BE ERRORS
Q1 Canyou explain diabetes in a simple way? A1 Claire Jordan, Degree inbiology and folklore; programmer, shop owner, secretary on newspaper UpdatedWed You have little hormone-producing areas called Islets ofLangerhans dotted about your pancreas. These produce insulin, a hormone which helps your bodyprocess sugars. If you don’t have enough insulin then sugars build up inyour bloodstream and make you more likely to suffer various medical problemssuch as heart disease, as well as tending to make you constantly thirsty and constantlyneeding to pee. Injuries also heal much more slowly if youhave high blood sugar. There are several types. Type 1 is a disorder where your immune systemattacks your Islets of Langerhans and they stop producing insulin, or producefar too little. Untreated, it leads to extreme weight loss and a fairly rapid death.Patients have to take insulin as a supplement in order to survive, but are thenin danger of their system getting out of kilter and leaving them with a suddensharp drop in blood sugar, which can be fatal if not treated. Too little blood sugar can be as dangerous as too much. Type 2 is where you produce a normal amount ofinsulin, but your cells don’t react to it properly. This can happen as a resultof poor diet and lack of exercise, or as a rare side effect of somemedications. It’s a vicious circle, because being overweight makes you more likely to develop Type 2,but having Type 2 makes you more likely to become overweight, as itmakes you feel hungry. Type 3 with no following letter is sometimes used fordiabetes associated with dementia, but this hasn'tbeen officially recognised. Type 3a refers to genetic defects affecting theproduction of insulin (other than Type 1, which is an autoimmune disease with agenetic component). Type 3b is genetic defects affecting the *action* ofinsulin. Type 3c (aka pancreatogenic diabetes) is diabetesdue to damage or disease of the pancreas,and behaves in a similar way to Type 1. Type 3d is diabetes due to hormone disorders(including pregnancy iirc). Type 3e is diabetes due to chemicals/drugs(prescription or otherwise). Type 3f is diabetes caused by an infection (otherthan of the pancreas). Type 3g is diabetes due to immune disorders, otherthan Type 1. Type 3h is diabetes associated with any othergenetic disorder. Type 4 has been proposed for Type 2-style diabetesoccurring in lean elderly people as a result of ageing. There is also diabetes insipidus, which isn’t an insulindisorder but a disorder of fluid regulating hormones, which causes the sameconstant drinking and peeing as sugar-related diabetes. My note- No doctor has so far gone to the differenttype 3 except the type 3d during pregnancy. diabetes insipidus is also a new information to me. For the detailed answer, I have added this QA. Q2 Whatmakes Karnataka Road Transport bus service a very profitable government busservice in India? A2 Kiran Pratoj, Lives in India(1987–present) Updated 2y It's probably because the Incentive model they havedesigned based on Behavioural Psychology: Continuous re-inforcement: Driver and conductoreach gets 1.5% of the total revenue collected for the day, apart from theirfixed salary. This is unique for any public agency. Hence, staff feel theownership in their activities and buses always run with full capacity. Loss Aversion: Driver loses part of his salary andother benefits for the accidents. Hence KSRTC drivers, mostly, arenon-aggressive. Fixed ratio positive re-inforcement: Staff getsrewards and bonus for particular kms accident free running of Bus. Variable ratio negative re-inforcement: Surpriseinspection are conducted. If found guilty, conductor could be suspended anddebarred from the service. Even Inspectors have targets to find certain no.s ofguilty staffs per month. Hence, conductor is always on high alert to maintainhis records properly. Management has gota free hand in running the business, and the Labour Union isnot strong as compared to Telangana and Kerala. Overall, allstakeholders, including Passengers, Staff, Govt, are happy with the way thisorganisation is running the show. KSRTC is a greattemplate for other loss making state agencies to emulate. My note-99% of conductors and drivers are very veryhelpful and co-operative as I observed in Bangalore. Q3 Whatare the best things to do in Thailand for a first-time visitor? A3 Mohammad Shahzeb 3h There are manygreat things to do in Thailand for a first-time visitor. Here are a fewsuggestions: Visit the temples: Thailand is home to manybeautiful temples, including the Wat Pho Temple in Bangkok, which is home tothe famous Reclining Buddha. Explore the markets: Thailand is known for itscolorful and vibrant markets, where you can find everything from souvenirs andhandicrafts to local food and clothing. Go island hopping: There are many beautifulislands to visit in Thailand, such as Koh Tao and Koh Phi Phi, which are knownfor their crystal clear waters and white sandy beaches. Visit national parks: Thailand has many beautifulnational parks, such as Khao Yai National Park, which is home to a variety ofwildlife, including elephants, gibbons, and deer. Try the local cuisine: Thailand is known for itsdelicious and flavorful food, so be sure to try some of the local dishes, suchas pad thai and green curry. Take a cooking class: If you're interested in learningmore about Thai cuisine, consider taking a cooking class, where you can learnhow to prepare some of the country's most popular dishes. Q4 Whatare some unwritten rules that you follow at your home? A4 Gunjita, Lives in Delhi(2022–present)Dec 20 Chole-chawal onevery Saturday. Phones are notallowed while eating food. ***Never keep phone near pillow while sleeping ( It's aSTRICT order because mobile phones emit radiations ). No use of Tu, Tum,Teri, Tera, Tumhari, Tumhara etc with elders. Sunday's breakfastshould be exciting and easy to cook. No use of phoneafter 11 or 12 ( According to parents😆) Music playing whiletaking shower. No speaking while being in toilet 😂 Switch off thelights when someone is in toilet ( Siblings’ unwritten rules😆) Using “JUST ABHIABHI CHALAYA THA” as a defense when papa caught you using a mobile phone😂 No dinner after9:30 p.m. No eggs and no nail cutting on Tuesdays, Thursdays andSaturdays. No hair wash on Thursdays. Chai 3 times a day☕ No online orders orfast food without permission of parents. Waking up early on Monday and go to Shiv Temple. My note-Nowadays emergency calls comes in mobiles than land phones. So irrespective ofradiation, mobiles are kept for morning alarms, to attend emergent calls, notfor chit chating Q5 Isit true that smoking cigars increases testosterone? If so, by how much and howlong does it last? A5 Ken Saladin, Always Learning SomethingNew (1949–present)Dec 22 It’s hard to give you a straight answer on this.I’ve looked only at nicotine v. testosterone level—not cigars specifically. Nicotineraises testosterone level “Smoking menhad 15% higher total and 13% higher free testosterone levels compared with menwho never smoked.”[1] Nicotine reduces testosterone level “Presentresults show that nicotine significantly decreases serum level of testosterone,FSH and significantly increase the circulating levels of prolactin and LH.”[2] Footnotes[1] Endogenoustestosterone levels and smoking in men. The fifth Tromsø study – PubMed Q6 Whydo lasers cut through steel like butter but simply bounce off a glass mirror? A6 Bill Otto, Former Chief Engineer onSeveral High Energy Lasers at U.S. Department of Defense (1995–2010) Updated 3y That’s a greatquestion. We try not to focus a laser beam on a mirror. A lotof times beams will accidentally focus at a mirror or a spot of Arago mightoccur on a mirror. Theusual result is a destroyed mirror. There is noquestion that a good laser mirror absorbs less than a shiny piece of steel. Butoften that is not enough if the laser beam is focused. An ordinary glass mirror will practically explode whenhit by a focused high energy laser beam. A highly polishedcopper mirror will do well with a high energy laser beam if the beam is spreadout over the mirror and a lot of water is flowing through the insides of themirror to remove heat. Copper mirror withwater fittings. A very specialglass mirror (made of ULE or Zerodur) coated with a thin metal layer and amulti-layer dielectric stack specifically designed for the laser wavelength maysurvive a laser if it is not focused but spread out over the whole mirror.However, the smallest microscopic imperfection in the mirror could cause adamage center which could in milliseconds burn through the mirror. The highelectric fields in a focused high energy laser beam can ionize almost anymaterial in nanoseconds. Q7 Whydoes a washing machine need more water pressure than a shower head? A7 Charles Farquhar,Retirement is sweet1h It doesn’t, both need enough to operate properly.If one isn’t working because of low water pressure then you need enough pressurefor both to work. Anytime the water pressure is too low for the washing machineto work you will have too low a pressure for a shower head to give you a goodshower. My note- if water pressure is more, quickly the tank isfilled comparing to a tap at a higher level. The tap should be just 2-3 inchesabove the top of the washing machine Q8 Howcome there is only one human species on Earth but there are thousands of animalspecies living with us on this planet? Why is it like this for all life forms(except for humans)? A8 Claire Jordan, Degree in biology andfolklore; programmer, shop owner, secretary on newspaper Sun Each species is unique to itself.There’s only one Homo sapiens, and only one yellow-necked mouse, and only onemandrill etc etc. Humans are mildly unusual in that we are the onlysurviving member of our genus, so it’s a one-species genus. But that’s alsotrue of cheetahs, and Wollemi pines, and capybaras - it’s quite a commonsituation. Q9 Isthe luggage area on airliners pressurized? A9 Peter Wilma, Dec 21 Yes, the luggagearea on airliners is pressurized. This is necessaryto ensure that all of the items stored in the luggage are kept safe and secure during flight. The pressure helps keep any liquids from spilling out orleaking into other areas of the plane, as well aspreventing any items from shifting around too much due to changes in altitude. Additionally, it also helps protect fragile items likeelectronics and glassware from being damaged by suddendrops in cabin pressure. Q10 Whatdo Field Marshals in the Indian Army do? A10 Subhankar Karmakar, An Indian, analystof Cricket, Politics & Indic Philosophies Updated 3y Here are the things you should know about a FieldMarshal. The Field Marshalis the highest rank in Indian army. It is a 5 star rank, higher than the 4 starGeneral. The Field Marshalis a ceremonial rank. It has no function in the day to day duties of the Indianarmy. A four star General always becomes the Chief of the Army Staff (CoAS)even if there is a Field Marshal. A Field Marshalnever retires. He is counted as a serving officer till his death. There are only two ways to become a Field Marshal inIndian Army. Lead yourArmy to victory in a major war & get the rank as a token of gratitude.All of the appointments of the Field Marshal were in thisway so far. Sam Manekshaw was promoted to the rank of aField Marshal as a token of Gratitude because he led the Indian Army to victoryunder his command in 1971 war. KM Cariappa did the same magic in 1947 war, thushe too became a Field Marshal. The another way to become a Field Marshal is actually awartime need. Suppose, a war is going on. TheGeneral's age of retirement is near. Now what to do? Changing the top man ofyour army during an ongoing war can be a disaster. The solution is, promote him to the rank of aField Marshal as a Field Marshal cannot retire. After the war,transfer the administrative responsibilities to the next General. However, there was never aneed to appoint a Field Marshal in this way. ****Since theField Marshal is a lifetime rank, a retired officer cannot become a FieldMarshal.Manekshaw was promoted to the rank of the Field Marshal in 1973, just beforehis retirement. In case of Cariappa though, he was already retired a long ago,thus he could not be made a Field Marshal according to protocols. But Govt. ofIndia overruled this protocol to give Cariappa his due respect & he wasmade a Field Marshal in 1986. The Navy & Air Force equivalents of Field Marshal areAdmiral of the Fleet & Marshal of the Air Force respectively.There was never a promotion to the Admiral of the Fleet, however, there was apromotion to the Marshal of the Air Force. Arjan Singh got the privilege as atoken of gratitude as he led the Air Force to victory under his command in 1965war. The best way to identify a Marshal is his baton, known asthe Marshal's Baton. It is a golden bar with some added decorations on its head.The Marshal's Baton reflects the honour & prestige of this rank. In case ofIndian Military, theMarshal's Baton is typically made with a golden bar, having the Ashoka Stambhaas its decorative head. My note- Kindly note the ** item. Field Marshel is arank which he can hold in his life time. But he cannot lead a war. If field Marshel is so, what about IAS/ITS.After retirement onlyformer IAS or former ITS. One of ourgroup members Mr Rajaram Krishnamurthy still use IRS after retirement without adding former.Heonly can explain why it is so? It will be enlightening to all. Q11 Canyou install an under mount kitchen sink without removing the counter top overit? A11 Gopala Krishnan, Former AssistantGeneral Manager 1996-2004 at Department of Telecom (1966–2004) Just now Yes is theanswer. I am writing from Chennai, India. I have twostainless steel kitchen sinks one installed in Kitchen and another in workarea. The counter topwas planned in such a way the R C C was made providing space for sink. The granite slabs were cut and provided in such a way aftersinks were installed leaving no space in work area. In kitchen since table had more width, to adjust granite strip was pasted on widthside. Recently I had beento a nearby shop selling granite slabs. I wanted a piece of 1’x1’ to cover aninspection area of PVC pipes leading to sock pit. Within 5 minutes in my presence they cut the sizefrom a granite piece and provided a handle also as extension in one side toeasily handle it. Just they poured a little water and cut the sizemarking it using an electric cutter just like cutting butter with aknife. I wrote theincident, to mention cuttinggranite is very easy now. Total they charged just 150–00 rupees only. Soin India cutting granite top to proper size is very easy. All the above QA are from Quora website on 29-12- 2022. Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers . Compiled andposted by R. Gopala krishnan on 30-12-2022 -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/1533232663.1822538.1672368553609%40mail.yahoo.com.
