Luni originates from the Naga Hills of the Aravalli Range in Rajasthan’s
Ajmer district from a height of 772 metres.
The river, which is called Sagarmati here, then turns south-west towards
Gujarat through the hills and plains in the region. *It flows through the
Rajasthan districts Nagaur, Pali, Jodhpur, Barmer and Jalore covering a
distance of around 495 kms.*
Luni does have freshwater during the first hundred kilometres but as it
reaches Balotra in Barmer, the water starts to turn saline from the rich
salt content of the surface it flows on.
While flowing through Rajasthan, it also encounters low rainfall and high
temperatures which causes erratic water supply.
Moreover, since the terrain is sandy, the river cannot cut a deep bed. A
wider channel is created as the river moves forward and when there is more
water, the banks overflow instead of deepening the river bed. So wide and
shallow the river becomes, that it can evaporate from the surface.
Luni then flows into the Thar Desert and meets its end in Barine, located
at the north-eastern part of the marsh called the Rann of Kutch in Gujarat,
without flowing into any larger water body.
*Why is it named Luni’?*
Though the river is called Sabarmati near its origin, it is called Luni
later because the water turns saline from the salt content of the surface
it flows on. Another significant change at this spot is meeting its
tributary Saraswati which originates from Pushkar Lake.
Luni’, which means saline in Rajasthan, is derived from the name Lavanaravi
or Lavanavati, which means salt river’ in Sanskrit. { KR: short notes on
the river luni as someone raised their eyebrows revealing his ignorance
through pretending all knowing hence about river luni which does not go to
sea in India; why go to foreign?) KR IRS 5423
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