Chinese scientists simulate black hole using quantum computing, test
Hawking's theory : Jun 21, 2023, 02:44 PM IST
The team said there is certain probability that one of the tiny particle
escapes the event horizon of a black hole in the form of 'Hawking
radiation' The scientists added that their research paves way for
unearthing much deeper secrets about black holes
A team of researchers, led by Chinese scientists has managed to simulate
the physics of black holes by using quantum computing. They said the test
was an attempt toward creating systems that have properties 'analogous to
black holes'. They also tested a theory devised by renowned physicist
Stephen Hawking.
The findings were published in the peer-reviewed journal Nature
Communications this month. The scientists at the Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin University, the Beijing Academy of Quantum Information
Sciences and the RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research in Japan took
Hawking's hypothesis on 'Hawking radiation' as the basis for the study.
They stimulated the quantum effects of black holes with superconducting
quantum chips. The team of researchers, during the experiment, developed
"superconducting processor consisting of a chain of 10 qubits with
interaction couplings controlled by nine tunable couplers", according to
*SCMP*.
“The results show that there is always a certain probability that the
quasiparticle inside the analogue black hole will radiate through the event
horizon, and its radiation probability satisfies the property of Hawking
radiation,” the Institute of Theoretical Physics of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences said in an article on research progress.
The scientists added that their research paves way for unearthing much
deeper secrets about black holes.
“This new constructed analogue black hole then facilitates further
investigations of other related problems of the black hole,” the team
wrote.
*What is Hawking radiation? *
The British theoretical physicist gave the theory that very tiny particles,
the building blocks of matter, spontaneously come into existence across the
'not-so-empty' universe. These virtual particle pairs (for every electron
created, a positron will be created at the same time and in the same place)
upon creation, quickly annihilate each other and the universe goes on about
its business as usual.
However, when a particle and anti-particle (the pair as we previously
called it) come into existence near the event horizon of a black hole,
Hawking posited that one gets sucked in and the other does not, meaning
they wouldn't annihilate. The split leaves one half of every pair to escape
as actual radiation called 'Hawking radiation'.
*How are black holes formed?*
Most black holes are formed when stars reach the end of their lives. While
a significant number of stars inflate to become red giants, they later cool
down to metamorphose into a white dwarf. However, those much bigger than
our solar system's star (10 to 20 times massive) become super-dense neutron
stars or so-called stellar-mass black holes.
*First black hole picture *
It was four years ago that scientists first captured the rare image of a
black hole, situated at the centre of the galaxy M87, located 53 million
light-years from Earth.
In April, using artificial intelligence (AI), scientists were able to give
a major touch-up to the cosmic photograph. The image captured by the Event
Horizons Telescope (EHT) in 2019 revealed a blurry, red-orange fiery,
doughnut-shaped object.
The updated picture using AI {ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE] shows the same shape
of the black hole, albeit with a much sharper resolution. Meaning, the ring
around the black hole appears skinnier and centre, much 'darker'. KR
IRS 22 6 23
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