Q1 Such trains are not office goers. Better to lock the doors and plan penalty operations for misusing the trains. Sometime back, office goers of Tambaram etc to Chennai were using all express trains entering egmore and central, and pulled chains at Mambalam stations to get down and disappear. Hope people learn to protect this nature raising up their standards. Q2 Utter disregard to truth. NUN
The 1917 Code of Canon Law <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1917_Code_of_Canon_Law> reserved the term "nun" (Latin: *monialis*) for religious women who took solemn vows or who, while being allowed in some places to take simple vows, belonged to institutes whose vows were normally solemn It used the word "sister" (Latin: *soror*) exclusively for members of institutes for women that it classified as "congregations <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congregation_of_Papal_Right>"; and for "nuns" and "sisters" jointly it used the Latin word *religiosae* (women religious). The same religious order could include both "nuns" and "sisters", if some members took solemn vows and others simple vows. The new legal code of the Catholic Church which was adopted in 1983, however, remained silent on this matter. Whereas previously the code distinguished between orders and congregations, the code now refers simply to religious institutes. Since the code of 1983 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983_Code_of_Canon_Law>, the Vatican has addressed the renewal of the contemplative life of nuns. It produced the letter *Verbi Sponsa* in 1999, the apostolic constitution *Vultum Dei quaerere <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vultum_Dei_quaerere>* in 2016, and the instruction *Cor Orans* in 2018 "which replaced the 1999 document *Verbi Sponsa* and attempted to bring forward the ideas regarding contemplative life born during the Second Vatican Council. Originally, the vows taken by profession in any religious institute approved by the Holy See were classified as solemn This was declared by Pope Boniface VIII <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Boniface_VIII> (1235–1303) The situation changed in the 16th century. In 1521, two years after the Fourth Lateran Council <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Lateran_Council> had forbidden the establishment of new religious institutes, Pope Leo X <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Leo_X> established a religious Rule <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasticism> with simple vows for those tertiaries <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_order> attached to existing communities who undertook to live a formal religious life. In 1566 and 1568, Pope Pius V <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_V> rejected this class of congregation, but they continued to exist and even increased in number. After at first being merely tolerated, they afterwards obtained approval. Finally in the 20th century, Pope Leo XIII <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII> recognized as religious all men and women who took simple vows. Their lives were oriented not to the ancient monastic way of life, but more to social service <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_service> and to evangelization <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evangelization>, both in Europe <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe> and in mission areas. Their number had increased dramatically in the upheavals brought by the French Revolution <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolution> and subsequent Napoleonic <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonic> invasions of other Catholic countries, depriving thousands of religious of the income that their communities held because of inheritances and forcing them to find a new way of living the religious life. But members of these new associations were not recognized as "religious" until Pope Leo XIII <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII>'s Constitution "Candite a Christo" of 8 December 1900. So, Nunnery was not new. And without proper weighment, shall never be attributed as the brain conjectures. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Q3 It is explained as : "Seafoam can be a sign of a healthy marine ecosystem, but it can also indicate pollution or environmental stress." (varum aana varaadhu joke) ; and remarks By G *My note- Very good explanation in simple lines.. * If you scoop up some water from the ocean in a clear glass and look at it closely, you'll see that it's chock full of tiny particles. Seawater contains dissolved salts, proteins, fats, dead algae, detergents and other pollutants, and a bunch of other bits and pieces of organic and artificial matter. If you shake this glass of ocean water vigorously, small bubbles will form on the surface of the liquid. Sea foam forms in this way - but on a much grander scale - when the ocean is agitated by wind and waves. Each coastal region has differing conditions governing the formation of sea foams. Algal blooms are one common source of thick sea foams. When large blooms of algae decay offshore, great amounts of decaying algal matter often wash ashore. Foam forms as this organic matter is churned up by the surf. Most sea foam is not harmful to humans and is often an indication of a productive ocean ecosystem. But when large harmful algal blooms decay near shore, there are potential for impacts to human health and the environment. Along Gulf coast beaches during blooms of Karenia brevis, for example, popping sea foam bubbles are one way that algal toxins become airborne. The resulting aerosol can irritate the eyes of beach goers and poses a health risk for those with asthma or other respiratory conditions. Scientists studying the cause of a seabird die-off off California in 2007 and in the Pacific Northwest in 2009 also found a soap-like foam from a decaying *Akashiwo sanguinea* algae bloom had removed the waterproofing on feathers, making it harder for birds to fly. This led to the onset of fatal hypothermia in many birds.[NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION]. The turbulence and wave action at the beach introduces air into the organically enriched water, which forms the bubbles. Foam commonly occurs in waters with high organic content such as productive lakes, bog lakes, and in streams that originate from bog lakes, wetlands, or woody areas. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Q7 Weird city: It is a misnomer. What is meant by weird, uttering like kids in the school awfully exclamation all as weird? Hope it is not an American TV show. Watch this video on Turkmenistan and decide whether it is weird or not. Similarly I can release videos for every city mentioned. https://youtu.be/hmIa2SGpm6s K RAJARAM IRS 27 723 On Wed, 26 Jul 2023 at 23:19, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 < [email protected]> wrote: > *CULTURAL QA 07-2023-27* > > Q1 Wouldn't it be helpful for people who travel up and down > regularly if Vande Bharat Express had a monthly pass system? > > A1 Adarsh Gupta,Team, Indian Railways SpaceJun 16 > > *It will be helpful but we cannot ignore the cost.* *Vande Bharat’s fare > is generally 7–8 times more than a normal express* train ticket which can > be a significant amount if we calculate for a period of 30 days. *In that > case the demand of such passes will be very low.* > > > > Q2 Why did christain women become nuns during medieval times? > > A2 Mary Gordon,18h > > It was not the worst option for an intelligent woman from a noble family. > > It offered an escape from the family, and a real chance of education and > intellectual pursuits. It meant bypassing marriage (no picnic at the time > when upper class marriages weren’t about love and women had no protections > or rights). *You’d be safe from the very real dangers of child bearing.* > You would never starve or freeze and were relatively safe in what could be > a brutal time. A lot more independence. > > The dowry was lower so families liked it. *It was respectable, and many > nuns were held in high regard and were more influential and powerful than > other women *(ie scholars, acting as advisors etc.) > > In a not so great era for woman, I can see it being attractive. > > > > Q3 Why, when sea waves collide, do they produce white foam? > > A3 Rebecca Williams, MS in Accounting and Finance, New York > University Jul 17 > > *Seafoam, also known as spume, is a frothy substance that forms on the > surface of the sea when seawater is agitated by wind and waves.* > > *Seafoam is made of tiny bubbles of air that are trapped by organic and > inorganic particles in the water.* These particles can come from natural > sources, such as algae, seaweed, plants, animals, and their decay products, > or from human sources, such as fertilizers, detergents, sewage, and other > pollutants. > > *When sea waves collide, they create turbulence and pressure that inject > air from the atmosphere into the water column*. This air forms bubbles > that rise to the surface and stick together because of molecules called > surfactants. Surfactants are substances that reduce the surface tension > of water and allow it to form stable bubbles. Surfactants can be found in > the dissolved organic matter that comes from living or dead organisms in > the sea. > > *The more surfactants and organic matter there are in the water, the more > foam is produced*. That’s why sea foam is usually white or light-colored > because it reflects the color of the organic matter. *But, sometimes sea > foam can be brownish or reddish, especially when there is an algal bloom or > a phytoplankton bloom in the water*. > > These are natural events where microscopic organisms multiply rapidly and > release toxins and pigments into the water. *These toxins and pigments > can color the sea foam and make it harmful to humans and animals.* > > Seafoam can vary in thickness and persistence depending on wind speed, > wave height, water temperature, salinity, and other factors. Sometimes > sea foam can be very thin and disappear quickly, while other times it can > be very thick and last for hours or days. Seafoam can also be blown by > the wind and create spectacular scenes on the shore or in the air. > > Seafoam can be a sign of a healthy marine ecosystem, but it can also > indicate pollution or environmental stress. > > *My note- Very good explanation in simple lines.* > > Q4 What is the maximum temperature the human body can reach? > > A4 Moses Kingman,Jul 20 > > The maximum temperature the human body can reach before it becomes > life-threatening and potentially fatal is around 108 degrees Fahrenheit > (42 degrees Celsius). > > When the body's core temperature exceeds this level, a condition known as > *hyperthermia > sets in*, *which can cause severe heatstroke, organ failure, and damage > to the brain and other vital organs.* > > Normal body temperature for humans typically hovers around 98.6 degrees > Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius). The body has natural mechanisms to > regulate its temperature within a safe range. When exposed to high > temperatures or engaging in strenuous physical activities, the body sweats > to cool down through evaporative cooling. However, in extreme heat or > humidity or if the body's cooling mechanisms fail, heat-related illnesses > can occur, leading to dangerously elevated body temperatures. > > If you suspect someone is experiencing heatstroke or heat-related illness, > seek immediate medical attention and take steps to cool them down, such > as moving them to a cooler area, applying cool water to their skin, and > fanning them. Prevention is crucial in hot conditions, and staying hydrated > and avoiding prolonged exposure to extreme heat can help reduce the risk of > heat-related emergencies. > > My note- Easy to recollect- Normal temp +10 degree F is dangerous > temperature > > Q5 Is Titanic the biggest ship ever? > > A5 Erika Fernandez,Loves Boating Jul 2 > > The Titanic was not the biggest ship ever. *At the time of its > construction, it was the largest passenger liner ever built, but it was not > the largest ship overall. * > > The title of largest ship ever built has changed hands many times over the > years, as ships have gotten larger and larger. > > The current titleholder for the largest ship ever built is the Wonder of > the Seas, which was built by Royal Caribbean International and launched in > 2022. The Wonder of the Seas is a 236,857 gross ton cruise ship that can > carry up to 5,734 passengers. It is 1,188 feet long and 184 feet wide. > > The Titanic, on the other hand, was only 46,328 gross tons and could carry > up to 2,435 passengers. It was 882 feet long and 92 feet wide. > > So, while the Titanic was a very large ship for its time, it is not the > biggest ship ever built. That title belongs to the Wonder of the Seas. > > Q6 What is special with cats? > > A6 Animal Lover | Dog Lover | Cat Lover | Loving Husband11h > > Cats, with their enigmatic charm and captivating personalities, have long > held a special place in the hearts of humans. From their graceful > movements to their independent nature, these feline companions possess > unique qualities that make them stand out among other pets. In this > comprehensive article, we will delve into what makes cats special, > exploring their mysterious behavior, innate hunting instincts, therapeutic > benefits, and the profound bond they form with their human caregivers. > > *1. Mysterious Behavior* > > Cats are often associated with a certain air of mystery. *Their > inscrutable behaviors, such as kneading, headbutting, and purring, leave > many humans in awe and fascination*. Unlike some other pets, cats tend to > reveal only what they want, adding an element of intrigue to their > interactions with humans. > > 2. Independent Nature > > One of the most remarkable traits of cats is their strong sense of > independence. While they form deep bonds with their human companions, > cats are also content spending time alone, exploring their surroundings, > and even entertaining themselves. This independence makes them well-suited > for individuals or families with busy lifestyles. > > 3. Exceptional Agility and Grace > > Cats are renowned for their remarkable agility and grace. *Their supple > bodies, flexible spines, and sharp reflexes enable them to perform > incredible feats, such as leaping great heights and landing effortlessly*. > Their ability to swiftly navigate any terrain with poise adds to their > captivating allure. > > 4. Innate Hunting Instincts > > Cats are natural-born hunters, a trait that harks back to their wild > ancestors. This instinctive behavior can be observed in the way they stalk, > pounce, and play with their toys. While domestic cats may not need to hunt > for survival, these instincts remain ingrained in their nature, providing > them with a sense of purpose and fulfillment. > > 5. Curiosity and Playfulness > > Cats possess an innate curiosity that drives them to explore their > environment. Their playful nature is evident in their love for toys, > interactive games, and even simple household objects. This playfulness not > only provides them with physical exercise but also enriches their mental > stimulation. > > 6. Therapeutic Benefits > > *Interacting with cats has been proven to offer numerous therapeutic > benefits for humans*. The act of petting a cat can release oxytocin, a > hormone associated with feelings of love and bonding. Studies have shown > that spending time with cats can reduce stress, anxiety, and blood > pressure, promoting overall emotional well-being. > > 7. Purr-fect Communicators > > Cats are excellent communicators, utilizing a diverse range of > vocalizations, body language, and facial expressions to express their needs > and emotions. A cat's purr, in particular, is a unique vocalization > associated with contentment and relaxation. This multi-faceted > communication style helps cats form strong bonds with their human > companions. > > 8. Low-Maintenance Pets > > Compared to some other pets, cats are relatively low-maintenance. *They > are fastidious groomers, requiring minimal bathing and grooming from their > human caregivers. T*heir litter box training and ability to self-regulate > their food intake make them more self-sufficient, making cat ownership > accessible to various lifestyles. > > 9. Profound Bond with Humans > > Cats are capable of forming deep and lasting bonds with their human > caregivers. While they may appear aloof at times, the trust and affection > they display towards their humans are heartwarming. The special connection > between a cat and its owner is often marked by moments of mutual > understanding, shared companionship, and unconditional love. > > Conclusion > > Cats possess a unique combination of qualities that make them special and > endearing companions. From their mysterious behaviors and independence to > their exceptional agility and playfulness, each aspect of a cat's nature > contributes to their enchanting charm. The therapeutic benefits they offer > to humans, their expressive communication style, and their low-maintenance > nature further solidify their position as beloved pets in countless > households around the world. Beyond being adorable and captivating > creatures, cats form profound bonds with their human caregivers, enriching > their lives in immeasurable ways. Embracing a cat into your life means > embarking on a journey filled with wonder, joy, and the enduring > companionship of a truly special feline friend. > > Q7 What is the world’s weirdest capital city? > > A7 Gary Meaney,passionate fan of all things animal Updated 2y > > A lot of cities sprung to mind at first, but I think the winner has to be > Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. Home to around a million people, it’s situated on > the fringes of the Karakum Desert’s sprawling sands, in the western region > of this strange Central Asian country. > > *Though it appears pristine and luxurious, most of its citizens live > behind the scenes in much poorer conditions*. *Though it has a million > residents, it’s often jokingly called the “City of the Dead”.* > > Its wide, green boulevards are usually barren, and the scant *cars you’ll > see are all white - other colours are banned.* > > white marble. *Most of the apartment blocks you’ll see are essentially > hollow inside, with no actual accommodation*. It’s a shiny facade to > convey prosperity and beauty. > > Many of the landmarks are bizarre, too, with impressive geometry. Eight > pointed stars are a common motif, as they are a symbol of Oguz Khagan, a > legendary Turkic ruler. > > They’re no stranger to outlandish scale, either. *Turkmenistan Tower, a > TV and communications mast, is the tallest structure in the country at 211 > metres, and features the world’s largest architectural star shape.* > > Ashgabat Fountain has a greater number of fountain pools than anywhere > else on Earth. > > Ashgabat Flagpole was the tallest flagpole in the world until 2010, and > it’s since been moved down to fifth place. It’s 133 metres tall. > > The Alem Cultural Centre features the world’s largest indoor ferris wheel, > which is encased in glass and white steel. > > In the Turkmen Carpet Museum, you can find massive hand-made carpets, one > of which measures 21 metres by 14 metres. > > There’s even a giant model of the Ruhnama, a controversial book written by > a past dictator of Turkmenistan. > > As you can see, Ashgabat is a bizarre capital for a bizarre country. It’s > a place where black cars, dogs, lip-syncing, car radio, ballet, circuses, > video games, growing a beard, wearing makeup and smoking in public are all > illegal. > > Now, for some runner up capitals, which are interesting, but not this > interesting. There’s Pyongyang, North Korea, a city of propaganda which > has much in common with Ashgabat. > > Naypyidaw, the planned-from-scratch capital of Myanmar, is over sixty > times the size of Paris, area-wise, but has less than half the population. > It has struggled to attract Burmese to move over and remains a “Ghost City”. > > Nairobi, Kenya, a surprisingly modern metropolis which has its own > wildlife-rich national park, unlike any other city in the world. I’ve > visited Nairobi quite a few times and love its African charm. > > Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, a futuristic city which seems to rise abruptly > out of the empty steppe. Like Ashgabat, it owes its glamorous architecture > to money from oil and gas reserves. > > Malabo, Equatorial Guinea’s capital, which is unique because of its > location. Rather than being on the country’s mainland, it’s situated on a > small island around 230 kilometres away. > > So, that’s been Ashgabat, and my five honourable mentions. I hope you’ve > enjoyed, thank you all for reading. > > *All the above QA are from Quora website on 27-07- 2023.* > > *Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers .* > > *Compiled **and posted by R. Gopala krishnan, on 27-07-2023* > > > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "iyer123" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/525461656.4049533.1690438746072%40mail.yahoo.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/525461656.4049533.1690438746072%40mail.yahoo.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZoog-P49rnes29ZV-unTH3%3D4d%2BCky6jHvOCWS-AFrV_31A%40mail.gmail.com.
