đđđ On Mon, 31 Jul 2023 at 20:30, Markendeya Yeddanapudi < [email protected]> wrote:
> From Encyclopedia we are now in Wikipedia,on our way to Rajarampedia. > YM > > On Tue, Aug 1, 2023 at 8:09âŻAM Rajaram Krishnamurthy < > [email protected]> wrote: > >> *I Is our schools are insane? * >> >> Study Smarter Not Harder >> >> Do you ever feel like your study habits simply arenât cutting it? Do you >> wonder what you could be doing to perform better in class and on exams? >> Many students realize that their high school study habits arenât very >> effective in college. This is understandable, as college is quite different >> from high school. The professors are less personally involved, classes are >> bigger, exams are worth more, reading is more intense, and classes are much >> more rigorous. That doesnât mean thereâs anything wrong with you; it just >> means you need to learn some more effective study skills. Fortunately, >> there are many active, effective study strategies that are shown to be >> effective in college classes. >> >> This handout offers several tips on effective studying. Implementing >> these tips into your regular study routine will help you to efficiently and >> effectively learn course material. Experiment with them and find some that >> work for you. >> >> Reading is not studying >> >> Simply reading and re-reading texts or notes is not actively engaging in >> the material. It is simply re-reading your notes. Only âdoingâ the readings >> for class is not studying. It is simply doing the reading for class. >> Re-reading leads to quick forgetting. >> >> Think of reading as an important part of pre-studying, but learning >> information requires actively engaging >> <https://learningcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/reading-comprehension-tips/> >> in >> the material (Edwards, 2014). Active engagement is the process of >> constructing meaning from text that involves making connections to >> lectures, forming examples, and regulating your own learning (Davis, 2007). >> Active studying does not mean highlighting or underlining text, re-reading, >> or rote memorization. Though these activities may help to keep you engaged >> in the task, they are not considered active studying techniques and are >> weakly related to improved learning (Mackenzie, 1994). >> >> Ideas for active studying include: >> >> - Create a study guide by topic. Formulate questions and problems and >> write complete answers. Create your own quiz. >> - Become a teacher. Say the information aloud in your own words as if >> you are the instructor and teaching the concepts to a class. >> - Derive examples that relate to your own experiences. >> - Create concept maps >> <https://learningcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/using-concept-maps/> or >> diagrams that explain the material. >> - Develop symbols that represent concepts. >> - For non-technical classes (e.g., English, History, Psychology), >> figure out the big ideas so you can explain, contrast, and re-evaluate >> them. >> - For technical classes, work the problems and explain the steps and >> why they work. >> - Study in terms of question, evidence, and conclusion: What is the >> question posed by the instructor/author? What is the evidence that they >> present? What is the conclusion? >> >> Organization and planning will help you to actively study for your >> courses. When studying for a test, organize your materials first and then >> begin your active reviewing by topic (Newport, 2007). Often professors >> provide subtopics on the syllabi. Use them as a guide to help organize your >> materials. For example, gather all of the materials for one topic (e.g., >> PowerPoint notes, text book notes, articles, homework, etc.) and put them >> together in a pile. Label each pile with the topic and study by topics. >> >> For more information on the principle behind active studying, check out >> our tipsheet on metacognition >> <https://learningcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/metacognitive-study-strategies/> >> . >> >> Understand the Study Cycle >> >> The Study Cycle >> <https://learningcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/the-study-cycle/>, >> developed by Frank Christ, breaks down the different parts of studying: >> previewing, attending class, reviewing, studying, and checking your >> understanding. Although each step may seem obvious at a glance, all too >> often students try to take shortcuts and miss opportunities for good >> learning. For example, you may skip a reading before class because the >> professor covers the same material in class; doing so misses a key >> opportunity to learn in different modes (reading and listening) and to >> benefit from the repetition and distributed practice (see #3 below) that >> youâll get from both reading ahead *and* attending class. Understanding >> the importance of all stages of this cycle will help make sure you donât >> miss opportunities to learn effectively. >> >> Spacing out is good >> >> One of the most impactful learning strategies is âdistributed >> practiceââspacing out your studying over several short periods of time over >> several days and weeks (Newport, 2007). The most effective practice is to >> work a short time on each class every day. The total amount of time spent >> studying will be the same (or less) than one or two marathon library >> sessions, but you will learn the information more deeply and retain much >> more for the long termâwhich will help get you an A on the final. The >> important thing is how you *use* your study time, not how *long* you >> study. Long study sessions lead to a lack of concentration and thus a lack >> of learning and retention. >> >> In order to spread out studying over short periods of time across several >> days and weeks, you need control over your schedule >> <https://learningcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/weekly-planner-60-min/>. >> Keeping a list of tasks to complete on a daily basis will help you to >> include regular active studying sessions for each class. Try to do >> something for each class each day. Be specific and realistic regarding how >> long you plan to spend on each taskâyou should not have more tasks on your >> list than you can reasonably complete during the day. >> >> For example, you may do a few problems per day in math rather than all of >> them the hour before class. In history, you can spend 15-20 minutes each >> day actively studying your class notes. Thus, your studying time may still >> be the same length, but rather than only preparing for one class, you will >> be preparing for all of your classes in short stretches. This will help >> focus, stay on top of your work, and retain information. >> >> In addition to learning the material more deeply, spacing out your work >> helps stave off procrastination. Rather than having to face the dreaded >> project for four hours on Monday, you can face the dreaded project for 30 >> minutes each day. The shorter, more consistent time to work on a dreaded >> project is likely to be more acceptable and less likely to be delayed to >> the last minute. Finally, if you have to memorize material for class >> (names, dates, formulas), it is best to make flashcards for this material >> and review periodically throughout the day rather than one long, >> memorization session (Wissman and Rawson, 2012). See our handout on >> memorization >> strategies >> <https://learningcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/enhancing-your-memory/> to >> learn more. >> >> Itâs good to be intense >> >> Not all studying is equal. You will accomplish more if you study >> intensively. Intensive study sessions are short and will allow you to get >> work done with minimal wasted effort. Shorter, intensive study times are >> more effective than drawn out studying. >> >> In fact, one of the most impactful study strategies is distributing >> studying over multiple sessions (Newport, 2007). Intensive study sessions >> can last 30 or 45-minute sessions and include active studying strategies. >> For example, self-testing is an active study strategy that improves the >> intensity of studying and efficiency of learning. However, planning to >> spend hours on end self-testing is likely to cause you to become distracted >> and lose your attention. >> >> On the other hand, if you plan to quiz yourself on the course material >> for 45 minutes and then take a break, you are much more likely to maintain >> your attention and retain the information. Furthermore, the shorter, more >> intense sessions will likely put the pressure on that is needed to prevent >> procrastination. >> >> Silence isnât golden >> >> Know where you study best. The silence of a library may not be the best >> place for you. Itâs important to consider what noise environment works best >> for you. You might find that you concentrate better with some background >> noise. Some people find that listening to classical music while studying >> helps them concentrate, while others find this highly distracting. The >> point is that the silence of the library may be just as distracting (or >> more) than the noise of a gymnasium. Thus, if silence is distracting, but >> you prefer to study in the library, try the first or second floors where >> there is more background âbuzz.â >> >> Keep in mind that active studying is rarely silent as it often requires >> saying the material aloud. >> >> Problems are your friend >> >> Working and re-working problems is important for technical courses (e.g., >> math, economics). Be able to explain the steps of the problems and why they >> work. >> >> In technical courses, it is usually more important to work problems than >> read the text (Newport, 2007). In class, write down in detail the practice >> problems demonstrated by the professor. Annotate each step and ask >> questions if you are confused. At the very least, record the question and >> the answer (even if you miss the steps). >> >> When preparing for tests, put together a large list of problems from the >> course materials and lectures. Work the problems and explain the steps and >> why they work (Carrier, 2003). >> >> Reconsider multitasking >> >> A significant amount of research indicates that multi-tasking does not >> improve efficiency and actually negatively affects results (Junco, 2012). >> >> In order to study smarter, not harder, you will need to eliminate >> distractions during your study sessions. Social media, web browsing, game >> playing, texting, etc. will severely affect the intensity of your study >> sessions if you allow them! Research is clear that multi-tasking (e.g., >> responding to texts, while studying), increases the amount of time needed >> to learn material and decreases the quality of the learning (Junco, 2012). >> >> Eliminating the distractions will allow you to fully engage during your >> study sessions. If you donât need your computer for homework, then donât >> use it. Use apps to help you set limits on the amount of time you can spend >> at certain sites during the day. Turn your phone off. Reward intensive >> studying with a social-media break (but make sure you time your break!) See >> our handout on managing technology >> <https://learningcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/decreasing-digital-distraction/> >> for >> more tips and strategies. >> >> Switch up your setting >> >> Find several places to study in and around campus and change up your >> space if you find that it is no longer a working space for you. >> >> Know when and where you study best. It may be that your focus at 10:00 >> PM. is not as sharp as at 10:00 AM. Perhaps you are more productive at a >> coffee shop with background noise, or in the study lounge in your residence >> hall. Perhaps when you study on your bed, you fall asleep. >> >> Have a variety of places in and around campus that are good study >> environments for you. That way wherever you are, you can find your perfect >> study spot. After a while, you might find that your spot is too comfortable >> and no longer is a good place to study, so itâs time to hop to a new spot! >> >> Become a teacher >> >> Try to explain the material in your own words, as if you are the teacher. >> You can do this in a study group, with a study partner, or on your own. >> Saying the material aloud will point out where you are confused and need >> more information and will help you retain the information. As you are >> explaining the material, use examples and make connections between concepts >> (just as a teacher does). It is okay (even encouraged) to do this with your >> notes in your hands. At first you may need to rely on your notes to explain >> the material, but eventually youâll be able to teach it without your notes. >> >> Creating a quiz for yourself will help you to think like your professor. >> What does your professor want you to know? Quizzing yourself is a highly >> effective study technique. Make a study guide and carry it with you so you >> can review the questions and answers periodically throughout the day and >> across several days. Identify the questions that you donât know and quiz >> yourself on only those questions. Say your answers aloud. This will help >> you to retain the information and make corrections where they are needed. >> For technical courses, do the sample problems and explain how you got from >> the question to the answer. Re-do the problems that give you trouble. >> Learning the material in this way actively engages your brain and will >> significantly improve your memory (Craik, 1975). >> >> Take control of your calendar >> >> Controlling your schedule and your distractions will help you to >> accomplish your goals. >> >> If you are in control of your calendar, you will be able to complete your >> assignments and stay on top of your coursework. The following are steps to >> getting control of your calendar: >> >> 1. On the same day each week, (perhaps Sunday nights or Saturday >> mornings) plan out your schedule >> <https://learningcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/weekly-action-plan/> for >> the week. >> >> 2. Go through each class and write down what youâd like to get >> completed for each class that week. >> >> 3. Look at your calendar and determine how many hours you have to >> complete your work. >> >> 4. Determine whether your list can be completed in the amount of time >> that you have available. (You may want to put the amount of time expected >> to complete each assignment.) Make adjustments as needed. For example, if >> you find that it will take more hours to complete your work than you have >> available, you will likely need to triage your readings. Completing all of >> the readings is a luxury. You will need to make decisions about your >> readings based on what is covered in class. You should read and take notes >> on all of the assignments from the favored class source (the one that is >> used a lot in the class). This may be the textbook or a reading that >> directly addresses the topic for the day. You can likely skim supplemental >> readings. >> >> 5. Pencil into your calendar when you plan to get assignments >> completed. >> >> 6. Before going to bed each night, make your plan for the next day. >> Waking up with a plan will make you more productive. >> >> See our handout on calendars and college >> <https://learningcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/using-planners/> for more >> tips on using calendars as time management. >> >> Use downtime to your advantage >> >> Beware of âeasyâ weeks. This is the calm before the storm. Lighter work >> weeks are a great time to get ahead on work or to start long projects. Use >> the extra hours to get ahead on assignments or start big projects or >> papers. You should plan to work on every class every week even if you donât >> have anything due. In fact, it is preferable to do some work for each of >> your classes every day. Spending 30 minutes per class each day will add up >> to three hours per week, but spreading this time out over six days is more >> effective than cramming it all in during one long three-hour session. If >> you have completed all of the work for a particular class, then use the 30 >> minutes to get ahead or start a longer project. >> >> Use all your resources >> >> Remember that you can make an appointment >> <https://learningcenter.unc.edu/services/academic-coaching/> with an >> academic coach to work on implementing any of the strategies suggested in >> this handout. >> >> xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx >> >> *II Factors Deciding the Ranking of the Countries in the >> standard education * >> >> Although several factors help determine the ranking of the countries, >> weâll start by explaining the two major factors: >> >> - Global Opportunity Index: It is one of the few metrics that >> indicate the attractiveness of a country to international investors using >> a >> combination of economic, financial, institutional, and regulatory factors. >> - Quality Index: Another metric that helps in determining a countryâs >> quality of life as a whole in terms of health, education, job >> opportunities, economic security, physical safety, etc. >> >> Top 20 Best Education Systems in the World >> >> Rank >> >> Country >> >> Quality Index >> >> Opportunity Index >> >> 1 >> >> United Kingdom >> >> 78.2 >> >> 69.79 >> >> 2 >> >> United States >> >> 72 >> >> 68.74 >> >> 3 >> >> Australia >> >> 70.5 >> >> 67.52 >> >> 4 >> >> Netherlands >> >> 70.3 >> >> 67.21 >> >> 5 >> >> Sweden >> >> 70.1 >> >> 66.96 >> >> 6 >> >> France >> >> 69.9 >> >> 66.3 >> >> 7 >> >> Denmark >> >> 69.8 >> >> 62.54 >> >> 8 >> >> Canada >> >> 69.8 >> >> 61.01 >> >> 9 >> >> Germany >> >> 69.5 >> >> 60.64 >> >> 10 >> >> Switzerland >> >> 68.3 >> >> 60.12 >> >> 11 >> >> Japan >> >> 68.2 >> >> 59.46 >> >> 12 >> >> Israel >> >> 66.9 >> >> 57 >> >> 13 >> >> Finland >> >> 66.8 >> >> 56.68 >> >> 14 >> >> Taiwan >> >> 66.6 >> >> 55.27 >> >> 15 >> >> Singapore >> >> 66 >> >> 55.22 >> >> 16 >> >> Slovenia >> >> 65.8 >> >> 54.38 >> >> 17 >> >> South Korea >> >> 65.2 >> >> 53.5 >> >> 18 >> >> Norway >> >> 65 >> >> 53.41 >> >> 19 >> >> Belgium >> >> 64.2 >> >> 53.02 >> >> 20 >> >> United Arab Emirates >> >> 64 >> >> 52.94 >> >> *xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx* >> >> *III About Schools Around The World* >> >> 1. A primary school in Phuma Changthang, Tibet, is thought to be the >> highest school in the world. >> >> *It is also the closest of its kind to the sky. At 5,373 metres above sea >> level, it is 200 metres higher than the base camp of Mount Qomolangma, the >> worldâs highest mountain, known as Mount Everest in the West.* >> >> 2. The Shishi High School located in Chengdu, China is the world's oldest >> school. >> >> *Established in 194 AD, earning the title of being the world's oldest >> school comes with no surprise. The first Chinese public school to ever >> exist, the school became a modern school in 1902. Despite its age, the >> school is up-to-date with quality equipment and supplies and provides >> modern education.* >> >> 3. A school in the Philippines is made entirely of recycled pop bottles. >> >> *The school named Bottle School is one of its kind in Asia. It took about >> 9,000 bottles and dozens of volunteers to build the structure. Each bottle >> was filled with sand, water and straw to keep them sturdy. Then, a >> cement-like substance was used to hold the bottles in place as they were >> stacked on top of each other to create walls.* >> >> The largest school in the world in terms of number of students is the >> City Montessori School in Lucknow, India. >> >> *The City Montessori School (CMS) in India enters the 2019 Guinness Book >> of World Records for its number of pupils attending the school. There are >> currently more than 56,000 students attending the school on a daily basis. >> In Lucknow city alone, there are 18 CMS campuses with over 4,500 staff >> across the city.* >> >> 5. Back in 2014, there was an elementary school in Turin, Italy that >> only had one teacher and one student. >> >> *This gives the school the reputation of being the smallest school in the >> world. The only student of the school admitted to being lonely and had to >> imagine there were other students in the classroom. Officials decided to >> keep it open as long as there is at least one pupil at the school.* >> >> 6. The children in the Netherlands start school on their fourth birthday >> so thereâs always someone new in class. >> >> *While this means that older students get more time to settle in and make >> friends, it does also mean that students should be at a similar development >> level by the time their first day at school rolls around.* >> >> 7. Meal-time in France is considered part of the curriculum. T*hough >> kids generally learn eating and tasting food at home, these skills are >> reinforced in schools. Kids are expected to learn not only about different >> foods and where they come from (schools try to source locally), but also to >> display good manners and etiquette.* >> >> 8. Students in South Korea are expected to stay and help clean and tidy >> the classroom when lessons are over. >> >> *The tasks include sweeping, vacuuming and taking out the trash. No >> running out of class the second lesson are over for Korean students!* >> >> * 9 * Kids in Finland do not start school until the age of 7. >> >> *Seven is considered one of the oldest ages around the world to start >> school. Most do, however, attend high-quality daycare or preschool >> programmes.* >> >> * 1*0. In Russia, children always start school on âKnowledge Dayâ >> (September 1) even if itâs a weekend or a holiday. >> >> *The morning usually starts with a school assembly during which >> 11th-graders (the oldest students) take the first-graders by the hand and >> lead them into the school while ringing a ceremonial bell.* >> >> 11. Have you ever seen a boat school? In Bangladesh, there are no fewer >> than 100 boat schools! >> >> *In Bangladesh, annual flooding can disrupt school for hundreds of >> thousands of students. In some areas, roads are impassable during the rainy >> season from July to October, when rivers rise as much as four metres, or 12 >> feet; hence, the need for boat schools. Each one of the boat schools has >> internet access, a library and is solar powered.* >> >> 12. In a remote area of Colombia, kids have to travel to school on a >> zip-line. >> >> *It turns out the steel wires are the only form of transportation for >> those living in an isolated valley called Los Pinos. Very young kids are >> not allowed to use the zip-line alone. So they travel along the cable with >> their parents or an older sibling. If the kids did not travel this way, >> they would have to walk through the rainforest and it would take two hours >> to get to school.* >> >> 13. A school in Germany has been built to look like a giant white cat. >> >> *The design is complete with whiskers and circular windows for eyes. When >> students arrive at the school, they enter the building through the mouth of >> the cat. Once inside, it is just like any other school. But there is at >> least one more purr-fect feature that students can enjoy: the catâs tail >> found at the back of the building doubles as a slide!* >> >> 14. Summer vacations in Chile start from mid-December and end in early >> March. >> >> *While schools in the United States normally start summer vacation >> between May and June, Chile begins their summer holiday in December with >> three whole months away from school!* >> >> 15. Children in Germany receive special paper cones called SchultĂźte >> when they begin school. >> >> *Traditionally, the cones are filled with sweets and candy. At present, >> children will find sweets alongside school supplies and toys in their paper >> cones. But the catch is that they can only open it when they start school. >> The cone tradition is a celebration to indicate that the child is moving to >> the next stage of their lives.* >> >> 16. Kids in Japan are the most independent and disciplined of the lot. >> >> *They travel to school alone, clean their own classrooms and even serve >> their own lunch. There are no janitors or canteens in the schools. On >> special occasions, students are allowed to bring their own lunch boxes, >> however, for most days, they will eat the same meal with each other.* >> >> 17. It is not mandatory to attend a pre-primary or early childhood >> development and education class before joining primary school for children >> in Kenya. >> >> *But they mostly go anyway! The lack of early childhood education among >> African children is a hot debate but that is a story for another time.* >> >> 18. France has the shortest school year from August to June and also >> the longest school day. >> >> *A total school year in France does not exceed 36 weeks while other >> countries may go over 40 weeks. French children go to school four days a >> week with off days on Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday. They have about two >> hours each day for lunch and their school day begins around 8:30 a.m. and >> ends at 4:30 p.m.* >> >> *Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx* >> >> *KR IRS 1 8 23* >> >> On Mon, 31 Jul 2023 at 18:58, Markendeya Yeddanapudi < >> [email protected]> wrote: >> >>> >>> >>> -- >>> *Mar*Vacuum and Space-time >>> >>> >>> >>> The Universe mainly is the abstract ocean of electromagnetic waves >>> speeding in the infinity at the ultimate speed. When a wave gets arrested, >>> the place of arrest is called space, and the event of arrest is called >>> time, simply where and when the arrest of the electromagnetic wave took >>> place. It is the birth of consciousness and the conscious notice of the >>> struggle. The waves struggle to get back to their real ultimate speed and >>> join the parent electromagnetic waves. Space-time or consciousness has >>> taken birth. The struggle of the space-time is to return to the speed of >>> light, the ultimate speed, into the abstract heaven, which one tries to >>> feel by closing the eyes and making the mind blank. We call it meditation. >>> >>> The ultimate vacuum is directing the space-time into which we have been >>> photon-synthesized, to return to the speed of light, or join the abstract >>> infinity. Basically we are part of that vacuum, the abstract forces, >>> directing our photon-synthesized bodies, return to the electromagnetic >>> waves. Each one of us is ultimately joined to the vacuum, and we have the >>> potential to tap the whole power of the vacuum. >>> >>> We are joined to the vacuum, the electromagnetic waves. Our Brain is >>> electromagnetic, our cells are electromagnetic and the iron in our blood >>> carries the hormones, the electromagnetic communications to the cells. When >>> you refuse to be jailed in the space-time and strive to join the >>> electromagnetic waves by closing eyes and making the mind blank, you are >>> trying to join the photons as photons, get enlightened. >>> >>> We have to team up with nature, the whole of the Biosphere, so that the >>> macro waves of emotions create symbiosis in the struggle. Every organism of >>> the Biosphere is also struggling along with us to reach the speed of light, >>> the abstract heaven, the glimpse of which we get when we get into rapture >>> occasionally and rarely. >>> >>> Rapture is a situation where seeing becomes feeling. When you can see >>> everything,atoms,particles,energies etc,you see or actually feel the >>> gigantic struggle of the space-time to return to the speed of light, and >>> you cannot see the I,You,We ,He,She,They and It, as you enter the abstract >>> world. When you see everything, you actually feel (not see) the nothing or >>> to be exact âThe Great Nothingâ. Eyes become superfluous. Actually your >>> seeing happens on the earth, just in about 15 kilometers of the >>> troposphere, above the earthâs surface. You cannot see in the next >>> stratosphere even. >>> >>> The wonderful flowers, plants, trees, the flora and the fauna, spellbind >>> with great beauty, showing you the glimpse of the ultimate bliss, the ocean >>> of bliss, the vacuum. For that you have to team up with nature, and not >>> destroy it and call it economics. >>> >>> Unfortunately all our Universities have ganged up to destroy nature. >>> They are in the frenzy of economics. >>> >>> Let us pray that at least one university calls a spade a spade and >>> struggles to bring sanity in education. >>> >>> YM >>> >> > > -- > *Mar* > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZooi8Q380qimzbaMqoRbv-y%2BF7%2B%2Br-GA%3D2YNf8cQr11YDw%40mail.gmail.com.
