CULTURAL QA 08-2023-04 Q1 Howmany pilots are needed to fly a Boeing 777?
A1 Erika Fernandez, Experience inAviation Field11h The Boeing 777 is a large wide-body jet airliner that cancarry up to 388 passengers and fly over 9,000 miles.It is one of the most popular and advanced aircraft in the world, used by manyairlines for long-haul flights. The answer toyour question is that a minimum of two pilots are required to fly the 777. On longer flights, three and sometimes four pilots are onboard to enable each other to have a decent rest and sleep.At any point during the flight, there must be at least two pilots in thecockpit, according to the Federal Aviation Authority. The two pilots who fly the 777 are the captain and thefirst officer. The captain is the commander ofthe aircraft and has the ultimate responsibility for its safety and operation. The first officer is the co-pilotwho assists the captain and shares the workload of flying the airplane, monitoringflight parameters, making crucial piloting decisions, and communicating withair traffic controllers. The additional pilots who join the crew on longer flightsare called relief pilots or first/second officers.They switch duties with the captain in flight, allowing them to take breaks andsleep in a special rest area behind the cockpit. The reliefpilots have the same qualifications and training as the other pilots, but theyusually have less experience and seniority. The number ofpilots needed for a flight depends on the length of the flight and theregulations of each airline and country. Generally, if the flight islonger than eight hours, a third pilot is required onboard. If the flight is longer than 12 hours, a fourth pilot is required. Some airlines mayhave slightly different requirements depending on their policies and practices. Q2 Dowindows open on cruise ships? A2 Rebecca Williams, knows about boatsand ships12h No, the windows onmost cruise ships do not open.Thisis because the windows areactually portholes, which are small, round windows that are sealed shut.Portholes are used on cruiseships because they arestrong and durable, and they can withstand the forces of the ocean. There are a few exceptions to this rule.Some cruise ships have cabins with "virtualbalconies", which are large screens that give the illusion of a balcony. These screens can be opened to let in fresh air, but they donot actually open to the outside. There are also afew cruise ships that have cabins with balconies. These balconies have slidingglass doors that can be opened to let in fresh air. However, the doors aretypically kept closed for safety reasons. If you are lookingfor a cruise ship cabin with windows that open, you will have to be prepared tocompromise. You can either choose a cabin with a virtual balcony, or you canchoose a cabin with a balcony that you cannot open Q3 Whatkeeps the aeroplane tilted upwards during landing and how? A3 Jagrata Banerjee, Studied Aviation Updated3y Thanks for thequestion…Nice Observation !!! Actually, the situation you are talking about, is known asFlaring or Landing Flare. Now, what actuallyhappens that, duringapproach to the runway, the airplane descends at a vertical rate of 800 feetper minute. Reason 1 :— Think, if the airplane touches the ground at verticalspeed of 800 ft/min, ground speed of 250 km/h and with weight of hundreds oftonnes. At this momentum, the airplane might incur structuraldamages. This is known as Hard Landing, although the landinggears are designed to withstand such loads, if done so. So, to reducethe vertical speed of the aircraft, the aircraft's nose its raised up.This causes the wings togenerate more lift, to reduce the vertical speed of the aircraft. Reason 2 :— During touchdown, the main landing gears located under thewings, have to bear the initial impact upon touchdown. Think that if bychance, the nose geartouches first on the runway. What will happen?? The nose gear might break downand again the aircraft will sustain structural damages. To ensure thatthe main landing gear touches down first, the nose is raised upwards. Reason 3-- Pilots always fly the final approach at a slightly higherspeed (usually 5 to 8 knots) than the calculated landing speed to easilycontrol the aircraft in gusty and windy conditions.Higher airspeed gives more control effectiveness. During the flaring process, the thrust levers are generallyput to idle and the nose is raised up by a couple of degrees. This helps tobleed-off the extra 5 to 8 knots airspeed to be able to touchdown atapproximately the calculated landing speed. Therefore, the flaring is done for three reasons— To reduce thevertical speed of the aircraft during touchdown. To ensure that themain landing gear touches down first on the runway. To bleed offexcessive airspeed and touch down at the calculated landing speed. Now, you may ask that why the aircraft doesn't take-offupon raising the nose of the aircraft?? This is because, the airspeed and thrust are low enoughto prevent the aircraft from taking off. So, the wingswill not generate enough lift to takeoff the aircraft again. The wings during flaring, willgenerate only that much lift, as much as is needed to reduce the aircraft'svertical speed to a safe touchdown limit. Q4 Whatare some of the unknown facts that are true? A4 Rose, Studied Psychology Jun 12 🌻Always remember that everything thathappens, good or bad, helps you grow. Evenif it’s hard to see that right now. 🌻Sometimes, you just need todistance yourself from people. If they care, they'll notice. If they don't, youknow where you stand with them. 🌻A psychological study found that peoplewho are generally 'too nice' are also the ones to get hurt the most. 🌻Surround yourself with people who bringout the happiness in you. 🌻Missing someone causes insomnia. Thefrustration of being without that person keeps you awake at night. Q5 Whatis the metal used in motorcycle keys? A5 Erika Fernandez, Bike Lover Jul 16 The metal used in motorcycle keys is typically brass.Brass is a copper-zinc alloythat is known for its strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion. It isalso relatively inexpensive, making it a good choice for motorcycle keys. Brass keys are typically made by casting or stamping.The casting process involves melting the brass and pouring it into a mold. Thestamping process involves pressing the brass into a shape using a die. Once the keysare made, they are typically plated with a layer of nickel or chrome to improvetheir appearance and resistance to corrosion. In addition to brass, other metals that are sometimes usedin motorcycle keys is steel. Steel is a strong and durablemetal that is also resistant to corrosion. But steel is more expensive thanbrass, so it is not as commonly used for motorcycle keys. Also stainless steel is a type of steel that is resistantto corrosion. It is more expensive than brass, but it is also more durable. The type of metalused in a motorcycle key will depend on the manufacturer and the price point ofthe motorcycle. More expensive motorcycles are typicallyequipped with keys made from stainless steel,while less expensive motorcycles are typically equipped with keys made frombrass. 🌻Respect people who find time in theirschedule to see you. Love people who never look attheir schedule when you need them. 🌻When ignored by someone whoseattention means the most to you, the reaction in the brain is similar tophysical pain. 🌻Keep people in your life who truly loveyou, motivate you, and make you happy. If you know people who do none of these things, you know what to do. 🌻Daydreaming issaid to help people focus on what they want in life. All the above QA are from Quora website on 04-08- 2023. Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers . Compiled and posted by R. Gopala krishnan, on 04-08-2023 -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/1972100284.546057.1691135759057%40mail.yahoo.com.
