Sanatana dharma Part 9 K RAJARAM IRS 29424ldn kanchi A Sanyasa Dharmas:
Yama Deva defines Sanyasa: Yena santaanajaa doshah ye chasyuh karma sambavaah, Sanyaasastaan dahet sarvaan tushaadagniriva pratimaadikam /(Either due to the problems created by progeny or due to the deeds done by the Self, the discontentment experienced by a person burns off like burnt rice husk to gold) Dakshan Prajapati affirms: Trimshatparaamstrim shadaparaan trimshacchhapara –tah paraan, Sadyassannyasanaa deva narakaattraayete pitraan/ (On account of Sanyasa of a person in a vamsha, Pitru Devatas of thirty generations before and another thirty generatins ahead would be saved from narakas!) Samvarta Grandha classifies four types of Sanyasa viz. Kuteecha, Bahudaka, Hamsa and Paramahamsa. Bodhayana explains that Kuteecha after taking to Sanyasa retains shikha-yagnopaveeta and tridanda while practising Sahasra Gayatri would take food from relatives and friends. He should be absorbed in Japa- Dhyana-Pathana and concentrate on Paramatma always Bahudaka after assuming sanyasa should severe family connections, take to bhiksha from seven houses and abstain from evening meal. Hamsa might retain yagnopaveeta, danda for self defence, and minimum cloth and spend most of the time in loneliness and meditation as food is non-significant. Parama hamsa is described by Atri Muni as follows :Koupeena yugalam kandha danta ekah parigrahah yateh, Parama hamsasya naadhikastu vidheeyate, Parah Parama hamsastu turyaakhyah Shriti shaasanaat/ Daantah Shaantah Satvasamah Pranavaabhyaasa tatparah,Shravanaadiratassjhuddhah nidhi dhyaanatatparah/ Brahma bhavena sampurya brahmandamakhilam stthitah/ Atma triptaschaatmaratah samaloshtaashma kanchanah tatvam padaika boddhaacch Vishnu rupam svayam sadaa nivaset paramahamsastu yatrakvaapi kathamchana/ A Sanyasi named Parama hamsa has no possessions except a ‗koupeena‘ or loin cloth piece, a sheet to cover in winter and a danda or stick. As per Shruti‘s instruction he is named ‗parama hamsa turi‘ and is of outstanding feaures as a Danta-Shanta-Satvaguna-Pranava japi-Shudda, Satva guni, Pranava japi, Shddha, Nidhi dhyana tatpara, Atma Tripta, Atma ratha, and Tatvagyana!) Yagnyavalkya describes: Dhyaanam shoucham tathaabhiksaa niytamekaanta sheelataa, Bhikshaschatvaari karmaani panhamam nopapadyate/ ( To a bhikshu, there are four objectives of existence viz. Dhyana, Shoucha, Bhikshatana and Loneliness; there is no other fifth feaure except meditation to Paramatma) Kanva Muni instructs: Ekaraatrim vasetb graame nagare pancha raatrakam, Varshaabhyonyatra varshaasu maasaamcha chaturovaset/ ( A Sanyasi should be on contant move, spending one nigh in a village or five nights in a town, but during the rainy season, he should chaatur maasya) Vyasa Maharshi states: Mokshaashramam yascharate yathoktam Shuchissusankalpit buddhiyuktah anindhanam jyotiriva prashaantamsabrahma bhaavam vrajet dvijaatah/ ( Duly purified in body, mind and thought, a dvija having turned into a sanyasi should be like a burning wood covered with ash and finally absorb himself into Brahma Jyoti!) B Stree Dharmas: Ashta varsha bhaved Gauri nava varshaa tu Rohini, Dashavarshaa bhavet Kanya atha urthvam Rajasvala/ Samvarta Muni defines: an eight year old girl is called Gauri or the Fair one, a ninthyear old is known as Rohini or a Cherry, a ten year aged is a Kanya or a maiden and thereafter a Rajasvala) Maata chaiva Pitaachaiva jyeshtho bhraataa tathaiva cha, trayaste narakam yaani drushtvaa kanyaa rajasvala/ ( In case, the mother, father and elder brother of the girl has come of age an still remains unmarried the three are desined to visit hell) Manu Smriti is quoted: Pitaarakshati Kaumare Bhartaa rakshati youvane, Putrastu sthaavire bhaave na stree swaatantryamarhati/ Sookshmebhyopi prasangebhyah striyo rakshyaa visheshatah, Dvayorhikulayoh shokamaavahed arakshitaah/ Imam hi sarva varnaanaam pashyanto dharmamuttamam/ Paanam durjana samsargah patyaacha virahotanam, Svapnonyageha vaasascha naaree sandushanaani shat/ (During the ‗Kaumara dasha‘ before wedding, the father takes the responsibility, whereafter the husband and in old age the sons, thus a female is always protected though not independent! Even minute expressions might not offend a female and be safeguarded lest there might be unhappiness in either of the families of father and husband, and indeed a female plays a significant yet sensitive role of both the families and hence the need for her balancing act! However, a female is normally repudiated for six shortcomings: viz. suspicion of weakness for alcohol, bad company, aloofness from a husband, wandering and touring, dreaming away from reality, and staying lonely and living indepentently in other ‘s houses.) Manu Smriti also explains: Naasti streenaam pridhagyanona vratam naapyuposhanam, Patim shushrushate yattutena svarge maheeyate/ Kamavrittevaa gunairvaa parivarnitah, Nastriyah parivarjyasyaat satatam daiva vatpatih/ Sadaa prahvaashtayaa bhavyam grihakaaryech dakshayaa, Susamskrutopaskarayaa vyayechaamuktahastayaa/ (As women have no yagjnas, vratas and such other acts of virtue, they are happy to share such acts along with their husbands. Notwithstanding the shortcomings of their husbands the wives would do well to with faith to them and concentrate more on their domestic chores with expertise and run the family with wisdom and dedication and be the major force of maintaining peace and happiness home) Vyasa Maharshi gave the instructions as follows: Haridraamkumkumamchaiva sindhuram kajjalam tathaa, Kurpaanakam cha taambolam mangalaabharanam shubham/ Kesha samskaara kabari kara karnaad bhushanam, Bhartur aayushyami -cchanti dooshayenna Pativrataa/ Praatah kaaletu yaa naari dadyaadarghyam vivasvate, Sapta janmaani vaidhavyaam saa naari naiva pashyati/ Those women who are interested in the longevity of their husbands should not to ignore the high significance of turmeric powder, kumkuma, eyetex, vastra, jewellery like ear studs, bangles, necklaces etc. As at the early mornings, women offering Arghya or water for worshipping Surya Deva would aviod widow hood for seven births ahead! Krutvaa mandalakam Braahme tooshneem evaakshataabhih pujayet satatam yaa tu tasyaastupyanti Devataah, Yadgriham raajate nityam mangalairanulepanaih, Tadgrihe vasate Lakshmeernityam purnakalaanvitaa// Pativrataa tu yaa naari bhartru shushrushanotsukaa, Natasya vidyate paapam ihaloke paratracha, Pativrataadharmarataa Rudraanyeva na samshayah, Tasyaah paraabhavam kartum shaknoti najanah kashchit/ ( Devatas would be delighted to visit the houses where the home fronts are decorated with ‗manadalaakaara‘or auspicious designs of varied colours at the Braahmi Muhurta time of early mornings even without mantras! Such home fronts appear that Devi Lakshmi along with her companions has arrived in the house for good enlivening with auspiciousness and brightness! A pativrata who sincerely serves her husband shall qualify with attainment of her current and ensuing lives and eventually attain the status of a Rudrani or Devi Parvati.) In defence of good wives at the hand of evil husbands, Daksha Prajapati states as follows: Adushtaam vinataam bharyaam youvane yah parityaje, Sapta janma bhavestreetvam vaidhavyam cha punah punah/ (Husbands who discard wives of good character and discipline would be cursed with widower ship and womanhood for the subsequent seven lives!) Na mangalyam vadedvaakyam na cha haasyadikim chana, kuryaachhvashurayornityam pujaam mangala tatparaa tishthet prasanna vadanaa bhatru priya hite rataah/ Smriti Ratna cautions Sandhayaayaam nava bhoktavyam garbhinyaatu prayatnatah, nasnaatavyam na gantavym vriksha muleshu saevada/ (Gabhini Strees or women in confinement not to take food at Sandhya timings or the intervals of night-day nor day nights of any day, nor take bath or go near tree foundations) Naa maangalyam vadevyaakyam na cha ghaasyaadikimchana, Kuryaat shvashurayornityam pujaanmangala tatparaa, tishthetprasanna vadanaa bhartru priyahite rataa/ (Strees should not utter inauspicious words even for fun; they must always worship father and mother in laws and be pleasant with husbands for ever!) Yagnyavalkya stresses : Dao hridayasyaa pradaane nagarbhe doshamavaapnuyaat, Vairupyam maranamapi tasmaatkaaryampriyam striyaah/ (In case the wishes of a Garbhini woman then the garbha would suffer such blemishes that might deliver babies of physical problems or even abortion and that is why every wish of the woman in confinement be fully fulfilled!) Paraashara Smriti elaborates a few more Stree Dharmas: In the event of married women desirous of shortening their hair for reasons of religion and faith as example of ‗Veni Samhara‘ at Sangama of Rivers, then the husband himself is required to performthe Vrata by scissoring the hair by two inches. Tirtha yatras, temple visits and religious places are congregations if unaccompanied by husbands are considered as a waste and fruitless. Similarly husbands performing any activity of religion without the presence of wives is considered purposeless. Vyasa Maharshi explains of some features of widows: Patyaomritepi yo yoshivaidhavyam paalayet kvachit, Saapunah praapya bhartaaram svarga bhogaan sameeshnute/ Vidhavaa kabari baddhah bhartru bandhaaya chaayate, Shirasovasanam tasmaat kaaryam vidhavaatathaa, Ekaahaarah Sadaa kaaryah nadviteeyah kadaachana/ Gandhadra –vyasya sambhogonaiva kaaryastathaa kvachit, Tarpanam pratyaham kaaryam bhartuh kushatilodakaih/ Vishnostu pujanam kaaryam patibudhaana chaanyadhaa, Patimeva sadaa dhyaayedvishnu rupa dharam param, Evam dharma paraanityam vidhavaap shubhaamataa /( As a husband passes away and the widow observes the regulations of widowhood, the woman concerned shall most certainly enjoys a high level of conjugal happiness in her ensuing life. Since a widow is distinguished as being one, it is preferred that her head hair is removed forever, takes a single meal a day and refrain from a second meal that day! She should not use fragrances and not utilise flowers; every day she should perform tarpana with ‗tilodakas‘ or black Tilas with water using ‗darbhas‘. Those women who are widowed should consider as the diseased husband as Vishnu himself and then her remaining life would be spent peacefully without problems and even though as of a woman of auspiciousness). Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx KR IRS 29424 part 9 -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZorCPeUKizZ8bmk6AO-yzz-20qbyL9Gz0X-6GDEeD6gx_w%40mail.gmail.com.
