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Article Title:
==============

Tea: Growing Quality Green Tea

Article Description:
====================

There are literally hundreds of varieties of green tea, each with
its own distinct flavor and characteristics. Green tea is grown
in several countries throughout the world, but the vast majority
of it is grown in China and Japan. 


Additional Article Information:
===============================

970 Words; formatted to 65 Characters per Line
Distribution Date and Time: 2007-06-04 11:12:00

Written By:     Marcus Stout
Copyright:      2007
Contact Email:  mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]



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Tea: Growing Quality Green Tea
Copyright (c) 2007 Marcus Stout
Golden Moon Tea
http://www.GoldenMoonTea.com



There are literally hundreds of varieties of green tea, each with
its own distinct flavor and characteristics. Green tea is grown
in several countries throughout the world, but the vast majority
of it is grown in China and Japan.

Most tea gardens, particularly those in China and Japan have been
around for many years. It takes time to develop a quality tea
garden, along with knowledge, patience and the help of Mother
Nature.

Different kinds of green tea and green tea gardens in different
countries require different care and attention. For an example,
we'll look at the year round work required to maintain a high
quality tea garden in Japan that produces Matcha, Gyokuro and
Sencha, three popular varieties of Japanese green tea.

Spring – The All Important First Harvest

The first work of the year begins in March, when the tea plants
are pruned. The first pluckings will take place in May. Different
regions of Japan will harvest these first pluckings at slightly
different times, depending upon the climate.

Twenty or thirty days before harvest, the teas used to make
Gyokura and Matcha must be covered with curtains. These special
curtains shade the trees, ensuring that they don't receive any
direct sunlight. Ensuring that the trees receive only diffused
light during the last 20 days before harvest means that the tea
will have fewer tannins, making it less likely to have any bitter
flavor. The color of the Matcha and Gyokura teas will be a light
green and will have a sweet taste.

The tea plants used for growing Sencha will not be covered.
Allowing them to receive full sunlight during the last days
before harvest gives Sencha green teas a golden green color, a
light and refreshing fragrance and makes the flavor a bit
stronger with a little bitterness.

Tea leaves should be gathered when the plant has three to five
sprouts. Missing this exact time by a day or two in either
direction will cause problems. Tea leaves harvested too early
will provide too little tea; if it's harvested too late, the
quality of the tea will be compromised. The best Gyokuro and
Matcha are still picked exclusively by hand, because using a
machine will not allow the farmer to remove the old and damaged
leaves.

Once the tea leaves are plucked, they must be processed. It is
important that the leaves be processed the same day of harvest.
For Gyokura and Sencha, there are three steps to processing:
steaming, drying and shaping. The steaming step is the most
critical, and requires the most skill of any portion of the tea
producing process. Tea leaves that are not steamed for the right
amount of time will not produce the right flavor. With each batch
of tea, the processor must select the right amount of steaming
time based on the size, thickness and texture of the leaves.
Steaming time varies between 30 and 60 seconds.

For Matcha, the leaves are steamed, dried and then sorted.

Next the tea must be finished. Finishing for Gyokuro and Sencha
includes sorting the leaves and stems and then putting them
through a final drying process. Most are dried for a short period
of time. However, some tea is roasted longer to give it a roasted
aroma. This finishing is common for some Senchas, in particular.
For Matcha, the leaves are sorted, dried and ground with a stone
mill. Matcha musts be ground to a very fine textured powdered. It
is said that it can take as much as one hour to grind 40 grams of
matcha.

Finally, the tea must be stored. Green tea, because it has not
been oxidized, is a bit more difficult to keep fresh. It is
imperative that it be stored in airtight containers and that no
moisture is allowed in.

Summer – Subsequent Harvests

During the summer, green tea growers may produce a second, third,
and sometimes even fourth harvest. Tea gardens will continue to
harvest tea until frost. However, it is the first harvest of the
year that produces the finest quality green tea. Subsequent
harvests will always be a lower grade of tea.

During the summer, the tea gardener will also do battle with
weeds and insects. Since the best tea gardens are organic –
meaning no herbicides or pesticides are used, keeping the gardens
free of weeds and pests can be very labor intensive.

Fall and Winter in the Tea Garden

Autumn is when tea trees go through their heaviest period of
growth. During this time, gardeners will amend and aerate the
soil and fertilize the trees. By October, the tea trees will need
to be pruned again before the winter sets in. Pruning must be
carefully timed to ensure that the spring buds will appear at
just the right time.

During winter, many tea farmers spend a good deal of their time
preparing areas for new tea gardens. However, they must also pay
careful attention to any tea trees in their gardens that are less
than four years old. If the weather is very cold, for example,
the farmers will have to mulch the trees to help them survive the
cold temperatures.

As you can see, green tea farming is labor intensive,
particularly among the farms that produce the very best in green
tea. All of the elements of a proper harvest must be essentially
adhered to in order to create the finest green teas for the
market.

Though there are some differences based on the climate of the
region and the differences in the tea produced, the best tea
farms in other countries go through the same labor intensive
processes that the Japanese farmers undertake. Growing the best
green tea does indeed take skill and patience. No shortcuts are
allowed if you wish to produce the best green tea in the world. 




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Marcus Stout is President of the Golden Moon 
Tea Company. For more information about tea, 
(http://www.goldenmoontea.com/greentea) 
green tea (http://www.goldenmoontea.com/blacktea) 
and black tea go to http://www.goldenmoontea.com


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