You can overcome the limit with Windows but it is expensive!  You have
to purchase Server :-)

We have a Windows Server 2008 (32-bit, NOT R2) machine that has 12 GB
of RAM and is able to use it all.  There are limits on how much RAM
a given process can use and it isn't as good as a 64-bit OS but as long
as the CPU and BIOS will support an extension called PAE, a machine
running various OSs can use more than 4 GB.  However, all client versions
of 32-bit Windows (XP, Vista, 7, etc) do NOT support PAE hence the need
for a 64-bit version of Windows to use more than 4 GB (in some cases the
limit is more like 3 GB depending on what devices are in the machine).

I know Solaris (UNIX) has supported PAE for a long time to allow large memory
systems on 32-bit CPUs but that isn't optimal.  I don't have any Linux
experience so can't comment on that.

I'm running a MacBook Pro (8 GB RAM) dual boot with OS X and Windows
Server 2008 32-bit.  I need Windows (and ONLY 32-bit) for some specialized
hardware and Server 2008 32-bit allows use of all available RAM unlike the
client versions of Windows.  I use OS X most of the time as it works well except
for the 32-bit Windows only hardware :-(

See:

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366778(v=vs.85).aspx#physical_memory_limits_windows_server_2008

Stuart

On Mar 25, 2011, at 2:06 PM, Rob Bell wrote:

> Stefan Monnier wrote:
>>>    from NewEgg).  You will, of course, need a 64-bit operating system to
>>>    take advantage of more than 4GB of RAM.  The X100e uses DDR2, and the
>> 
>> I don't understand the "of course" above.  Don't know about Windows, but
>> Linux kernel compiled for ia32 can use more than 4GB, assuming you
>> compiled it with the appropriate config options.
>> That doesn't mean it's the recommended way to use such a machine, just
>> that you don't *need* a 64bit OS to make use of more than 4GB.
>> 
>> 
>>         Stefan
> 
> Do some Googling for 'windows 32-bit 64-bit memory limitation'.  You'll find 
> tons of discussions about the issue.  I don't know technically whether it is 
> possible to overcome that issue or not, but it is generally accepted that you 
> need 64-bit Windows to use over 4GB of RAM.
> 
> Rob
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