TidBITS#732/07-Jun-04
=====================

  This week, our minds turn to keeping your data safe. Glenn
  Fleishman follows up on security-related changes in the recently
  released Mac OS X 10.3.4, we look at Apple's latest (and most
  important) security update, and David Shayer reviews Tech Tool
  Pro 4. If data integrity isn't music to your ears, read Glenn's
  coverage of Apple's new AirPort Express with AirTunes, which
  brings music from your Mac to your stereo via Wi-Fi. We also
  note the releases of Six Degrees 2.0, Eudora 6.1.1, PowerMail 5,
  and Ergonis's KeyCue.

Topics:
    MailBITS/07-Jun-04
    Security Update 2004-06-07 Plugs Launch Services Holes
    Apple Fixes Two Security Holes
    AirPort Express Brings Audio, Portability to Wireless Networking
    Tech Tool Pro 4 Joins Our Disk Repair Comparison
    Hot Topics in TidBITS Talk/07-Jun-04

<http://www.tidbits.com/tb-issues/TidBITS-732.html>
<ftp://ftp.tidbits.com/issues/2004/TidBITS#732_07-Jun-04.etx>

Copyright 2004 TidBITS: Reuse governed by Creative Commons license
   <http://www.tidbits.com/terms/> Contact: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
   ---------------------------------------------------------------

This issue of TidBITS sponsored in part by:
* READERS LIKE YOU! Help keep TidBITS great via our voluntary <------ NEW!
   contribution program. Special thanks this week to Kevin Fong,
   Tom Rademacher, and Donald Kaiser for their generous support!
   <http://www.tidbits.com/about/support/contributors.html>

* SMALL DOG ELECTRONICS: Demo AirPort Products! <-------------------- NEW!
   AirPort Cards - $65! AirPort Extreme Cards - $79!
   AirPort Extreme Base Station (without modem) - $169!
   Visit: <http://www.smalldog.com/tb/> 802-496-7171

* FETCH SOFTWORKS: The original FTP client for the Macintosh <------- NEW!
   is better than ever before. Use it to upload, download, mirror,
   and manage your web site, eBay images, and data sets.
   Download your free trial version! <http://fetchsoftworks.com/>

* Dr. Bott, LLC: We got into this business because we love
   computer stuff. We now have the chance - the DUTY - to sit and
   geek out with technology every day under the guise of "work."
   And if it's cool enough, we sell it. <http://www.drbott.com/>

* Web Crossing: Did you know Web Crossing does Blogs?!? Used for
   workgroup reports, entertainment, advice columns, politics, or
   whatever, Web Crossing's Blogs can integrate w/discussions,
   access lists, etc. Try it! <http://www.webcrossing.com/tb-504>

* Available in anodized Aluminum, White Aluminum, Black Aluminum, <-- NEW!
   and Basic Black, Laptop Armor cases keep your laptop safe and
   looking great. Its patented cushioning system has been drop-
   tested from 10 feet! <http://laptoparmor.com/index.php?refID=5>

* Bare Bones Software TextWrangler 1.5 -- General-purpose tool for <- NEW!
   composing, modifying, and transforming text. Now with full
   AppleScript support! US$49. For more info, to download a demo,
   or to purchase a copy, visit <http://www.barebones.com/>.
   ---------------------------------------------------------------

MailBITS/07-Jun-04
------------------

**Apple Releases Mac OS X 10.3.4 Update** -- Apple has released
  Mac OS X 10.3.4, a free update for owners of Mac OS X 10.3
  Panther. (A similar update was also released for Mac OS X Server
  10.3.) Apple says the update addresses issues in Mail, Safari,
  Address Book, Stickies, QuickTime Player, and DVD Player; and
  improves behavior with iPods connected via USB 2.0, mass storage
  devices, and video cameras connected to PowerBooks via FireWire.
  The installer also reportedly incorporates recent security updates
  (although Adam was prompted to install the latest security update
  on one Mac even after installing 10.3.4), improves file sharing
  and directory services, and fixes some disc burning oddities. The
  update is available via Software Update, which requires a 41 MB
  download. A standalone installer is available as a 39.5 MB
  download to update from Mac OS X 10.3.3, or as a 79 MB combined
  update for any earlier version of 10.3. [MHA]

<http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=25764>
<http://www.apple.com/support/downloads/macosxupdate_10_3_4.html>
<http://www.apple.com/downloads/macosx/apple/macosxcombinedupdate.html>


**Creo Six Degrees 2.0 Supports More Email Programs** -- Creo has
  released a major update to Six Degrees, their utility for
  connecting related email messages, files, and people for coherent
  project management. The most important change is that Six Degrees
  2.0 now works with email programs beyond Microsoft Entourage,
  including Apple Mail and Eudora. It achieves this functionality
  by communicating directly with your POP or IMAP server to retrieve
  a copy of every message. Once Six Degrees 2.0 has imported mail
  into its own database or retrieved and indexed messages, it
  provides a Web browser-based interface for tracking a project's
  related email messages, attached files, and more. Other features
  include full-text searching of messages, to-do lists, and
  integration with Creo Tokens (see "Creo Eases File Sharing with
  Tokens" in TidBITS-707_). A somewhat-limited Six Degrees 2.0 Lite
  Edition is a free 13.4 MB download; the $100 Personal Edition
  (a free update for Six Degrees 1.x customers) adds additional
  features such as support for an unlimited number of projects,
  importing from Microsoft Entourage (the free version imports only
  from Eudora and Mail), links that initiate reply/forward actions
  in your default email client, and the capability to delete items.
  [ACE]

<http://www.creo.com/global/products/software_solutions/creative/six_degrees/>
<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07449>


**Ergonis's KeyCue Offers Keyboard Shortcut Cheat Sheet** -- KeyCue
  is a simple but ingenious Mac OS X application from Ergonis
  Software, makers of the invaluable PopChar X (see "Panther-
  Prepared PopChar Published" in TidBITS-699_). Taking advantage of
  Panther's Accessibility API (which I described in "Scripting the
  Unscriptable in Mac OS X" in TidBITS-670_), KeyCue reads through
  the menu items of the frontmost application, finds those that have
  keyboard shortcuts, and displays a window listing them when you
  hold down the Command key for a few seconds. A serious shortcoming
  of the menu paradigm, after all, is that it requires you to open
  each menu one at a time to hunt for a shortcut or menu item, with
  the result that you never get a conspectus of an application's
  shortcuts, and you probably never bother to memorize most of them
  because, having found the menu item you want, you then just choose
  it with the mouse. Using KeyCue for a little while, I find,
  quickly helps me remember the shortcuts for the menu items I use
  most often; and of course it also gives me a fast way, without
  hunting in the menus, to access the shortcuts I don't memorize and
  use less often. KeyCue isn't yet quite the utility I was hoping
  for; what I really want is a cheat sheet that lets me see and
  choose from all of an application's menu items, whether or not
  they have shortcuts, and I'd also like a cheat sheet showing all
  the global "hot keys" that various applications have installed.
  But it's certainly a big help, and the $15 pricing is reasonable.
  You can download a demo version (659K) to try for yourself; it
  shows all available shortcuts only for the first 10 invocations,
  after which it hides some of the shortcuts. [MAN]

<http://www.ergonis.com/products/keycue/>
<http://www.ergonis.com/products/popcharx/>
<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07372>
<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07102>


**Eudora 6.1.1 Released** -- Qualcomm has released Eudora 6.1.1,
  a minor update to the company's popular email program. Bug fixes
  include a fix to importing from Apple Mail, tweaks to Eudora's
  Bayesian-based spam filter, and other minor fixes. Although the
  update is minor (and free), it's worth getting because one of
  the spam filter fixes eliminates a bug that could cause corruption
  of Eudora's junk mail database. Eudora 6.1.1 is available for
  Mac OS 9 and Mac OS X and is a 6.1 MB download. [ACE]

<http://www.eudora.com/download/>


**PowerMail 5 Released** -- In other email news, CTM Development
  has shipped PowerMail 5, a major revision of their email client.
  PowerMail 5 features tight integration with Michael Tsai's
  excellent SpamSieve for spam filtering, significant performance
  improvements throughout, additional filter actions, automatic
  deletion of trashed mail after a user-specified number of days,
  support for long file names and aliases for attachments, fully
  customizable toolbars, multiple Undos for various message
  management actions, and more. Upgrades from PowerMail 3 and 4
  cost $30 (or $45 with SpamSieve, a significant discount); upgrades
  are free for those who purchased PowerMail 4.2.1 in the last three
  months. New licenses cost $50, or $65 with SpamSieve. PowerMail 5
  requires Mac OS X 10.2 or later; a demo is available as a 4.8 MB
  download. [ACE]

<http://www.ctmdev.com/powermail5.html>
<http://www.c-command.com/spamsieve/>
<http://www.ctmdev.com/documentation/Read_me.html>
<http://www.ctmdev.com/download.html>


Security Update 2004-06-07 Plugs Launch Services Holes
------------------------------------------------------
  by Adam C. Engst <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

  Just as we were about to wrap this issue, including a brief bit
  about an update to Paranoid Android - Unsanity's hack for warning
  the user about the launching of unknown URL schemes - Apple
  released Security Update 2004-06-07, which claims to fix all
  of the recently identified security vulnerabilities in Mac OS X
  (see our articles on the topic in TidBITS-731_ for full details
  on what was broken).

<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07679>
<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07680>
<http://www.unsanity.com/haxies/pa/>

  In short, the security update revises Launch Services so it
  alerts the user to applications that have not been explicitly
  launched before (with a dialog along the lines of the one Paranoid
  Android puts up). It also removes the registration of the disk URL
  scheme so disk images accessed via disk URLs no longer mount
  automatically. A change to Safari eliminates a feature that could
  open certain downloaded files when the Show in Finder button was
  clicked. And lastly, an unrelated fix enables telnet URLs to have
  port numbers specified with them again; that functionality had
  been removed by a previous security update. See Apple's articles
  on the topic for more details and a look at the new alert.

<http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=61798>
<http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=25785>

  Security Update 2004-06-07 is available via Software Update;
  it's also available as a 900K standalone download for both
  Mac OS X 10.3.4 and Mac OS X 10.2.8.

<http://www.apple.com/support/downloads/securityupdate_
2004-06-07_(_10_3_4).html>
<http://www.apple.com/support/downloads/securityupdate_
2004-06-07_(_10_2_8).html>

  Needless to say, we haven't had time to evaluate how well Apple's
  fixes work or if they cause any other problems, but we'll be
  tracking user reports on TidBITS Talk and other forums in the
  upcoming week.


Apple Fixes Two Security Holes
------------------------------
  by Glenn Fleishman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

  Apple fixed two security gaps in the recent Mac OS X 10.3.4
  release, and although they aren't at the level of the URL scheme
  failure documented in our last issue and now addressed by Security
  Update 2004-06-07 (covered earlier in this issue), it's worth
  mentioning a few details.

  The first problem involved encrypted connections for AppleShare
  servers using the SSH (Secure Shell) protocol. These connections
  didn't work in Mac OS X 10.3 through 10.3.2, and were implemented
  in 10.3.3 in a manner that could allow a man-in-the-middle attack
  to compromise a network and extract passwords (see "AppleShare
  Encryption Security Flaw Discovered" in TidBITS-719_).

<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07563>

  The fix warns users when they have set their AppleShare options
  to use SSH when an SSH connection is unavailable. While users
  still can't manage SSH fingerprints and other methods of handling
  these kinds of secure connections, the small percentage of people
  relying on AppleShare over SSH are now in a better position to be
  alert to possible compromises.

  In testing, I was unable to create an AppleShare-over-SSH session
  between two Mac OS X 10.3.4 systems over the Internet or on
  the same local network with SSH correctly enabled and with no
  firewalls in place. However, I could mount an AppleShare volume
  from a Mac OS X Server running 10.3.4 using SSH with no problem.

  The other, unrelated, problem is a potential threat that could
  disrupt the Internet's various backbone and high-level routers
  (see "Serious TCP Weakness Identified" in TidBITS-727_). While it
  looks like that threat has not materialized yet due to diligence
  by the operators of that equipment, the same flaw is present in
  personal computers where it has much less risk of being exploited.

<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07648>

  Apple notes in the security improvements description attached
  to 10.3.4 that the release "provides better handling of out-of-
  sequence TCP packets." This may or may not signify that they've
  mitigated this problem in Apple products - it's unclear at this
  point.

<http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=61798>


AirPort Express Brings Audio, Portability to Wireless Networking
----------------------------------------------------------------
  by Glenn Fleishman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

  What's slightly larger than a PowerBook power brick, has three
  ports, and talks Wi-Fi? Apple's latest wireless entry, the AirPort
  Express, a 6.7-ounce (189 gram) 802.11g base station. Announced
  today, the AirPort Express will ship in mid-July for $130,
  replacing the low-end AirPort Extreme base station, which
  cost $200.

<http://www.apple.com/airportexpress/>

  The AirPort Express plugs directly into any electrical outlet and
  supports alternate power standards with no external adapters. It
  has three jacks: Ethernet, to link in a single computer or an
  Ethernet hub or switch; USB, to add a printer; and audio, to
  support either analog two-channel or digital 5.1 with surround.
  If you need cables to connect the AirPort Express to your stereo,
  Apple sells the $40 AirPort Express Stereo Connection Kit with
  Monster cables: it includes a Monster mini-to-RCA left/right audio
  cable, a Monster mini-to-optical digital Toslink audio cable, and
  an AirPort Express power extension cord for greater flexibility
  in placement.

  The audio feature is the most intriguing. The system, called
  AirTunes, works with an iTunes 4.6 update, due out later this
  week, and software built into the AirPort Express. Anyone on
  the wireless network with iTunes, whether for Mac OS X or Windows,
  can choose to direct music to the speakers connected to an AirPort
  Express base station. In one sense, AirTunes turns a Mac with
  iTunes into the ultimate remote control for your stereo.

<http://www.apple.com/airportexpress/airtunes.html>
<http://www.apple.com/airportexpress/unwireyourlivingroom.html>

  If multiple AirPort Express base stations are on a network, each
  one can have a separate set of speakers controlled uniquely by
  a separate copy of iTunes. iTunes recognizes available speakers
  through Rendezvous. iTunes and the base station negotiate control
  so that only one copy of iTunes may play through a given set of
  speakers at once. The stream of music is sent losslessly but in
  encrypted form between iTunes and an AirPort Express unit to
  protect the music "from being stolen," Apple said.

  The new AirPort Express base station can connect directly to a
  broadband DSL or cable modem via its single Ethernet jack, or
  it can use Wireless Distribution System (WDS) to join an existing
  AirPort Extreme or AirPort Express network. Apple said that while
  the AirPort Express's version of WDS might work with base stations
  from other companies (we've found compatibility with gear from
  Buffalo Technologies, for instance; see "AirPorts Where the
  Buffalo Roam" in TidBITS-696_), the lack of a standard for
  WDS meant they could only guarantee it would work with Apple
  equipment. If your existing network doesn't support WDS, you
  must tie in the AirPort Express via its Ethernet jack.

<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07341>

  The AirPort Express doesn't have all the features of an Extreme
  unit - exactly which ones are missing won't be clear until I see
  its configuration software - but the specs say it can only support
  10 users versus 50 on the $250 models. That's a guideline based on
  processing power and other parameters, of course, but one worth
  keeping in mind. The $250 models also have antenna jacks; one
  offers Power over Ethernet and a fire-safety rating, while the
  other includes a modem. Apple said the AirPort Express, like the
  AirPort Extreme, could share an Internet connection using DHCP
  and NAT, among other similar features.

  The portability of the AirPort Express shouldn't be understated.
  In a survey a few months ago, I tried and failed to find
  an effective portable base station. Similar devices cost
  substantially more than the AirPort Express and still require
  a tangle of cords. The AirPort Express's small form factor
  and weight mean it will become a standard item for business
  travelers to pack for maximum flexibility in working on the road.

<http://www.apple.com/airportexpress/onthego.html>

  What's the real difference between AirPort Express and just
  turning on Software Base Station/Internet Sharing in Mac OS 8.6/9
  or Mac OS X? At home, you're not dedicating a Mac to a problem
  that a standalone box with great features can solve. On the road,
  you're not stuck connecting your laptop to an Ethernet cable on
  a carpal-tunnel inducing desk with a cruddy chair. Additionally,
  Software Base Station/Internet Sharing doesn't offer WPA (Wi-Fi
  Protected Access) encryption, which some users find important,
  especially when traveling.

  From our perspective at TidBITS, the AirPort Express is an
  important step. Apple has once again followed its traditional
  strategy of charging somewhat more than the bare-bones
  competition, while including far more capabilities. With the
  AirPort Express, Apple has dropped the price of a wireless base
  station to a far more competitive level while combining features
  rarely found in a single device such as print sharing, wireless
  bridging, and audio streaming. If you were to try to assemble the
  same set of features using the best, cheapest products from other
  makers, you'd easily spend $300 to $500. The AirPort Express also
  offers a compelling form factor that enables true portability and
  adds an elegant method of integrating wireless into your home
  entertainment system. Barring any nagging technical problems
  that might arise, AirPort Express could be another hit product
  for Apple. Wall Street may already be anticipating sales: Apple's
  stock closed today at its highest price in four years.


Tech Tool Pro 4 Joins Our Disk Repair Comparison
------------------------------------------------
  David Shayer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

  A few months ago in TidBITS I compared the various disk repair
  programs then available for Mac OS X: Norton Utilities 8.0 ($100),
  DiskWarrior 3.0 ($80), Drive 10 1.1.4 ($70), Disk Guardian 2.2
  ($70), and Apple's Disk Utility (free). See "Shootout at the
  Disk Repair Corral" in TidBITS-707_ for the full details.

<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07451>
<http://www.symantec.com/nu/nu_mac/>
<http://www.alsoft.com/DiskWarrior/>
<http://www.micromat.com/drive_10/drive_10_introduction.html>
<http://www.subrosasoft.com/>

  But I missed Tech Tool Pro. Micromat had announced TechTool 4 at
  Macworld Expo San Francisco in January 2003 for $100, but had not
  yet shipped it nine months later when I wrote the comparison.
  I didn't want to review TechTool 3, knowing it would soon be out
  of date. As luck would have it, version 4 finally shipped just
  as TidBITS published the article.

<http://www.micromat.com/tt_pro_4/tt_pro_4.html>

  In my previous comparison of disk repair utilities, I created 13
  different HFS+ disk images, and damaged a different part of the
  disk on each one. I then duplicated each damaged disk image for
  each disk utility. I repaired one set of damaged disk images with
  each disk utility, and recorded how many images were repaired
  correctly, and how many still had errors, or had lost data. I did
  not test any of the other features of the disk repair programs.
  The descriptions of each error are abbreviated here; for more
  detail see the original article.

  I used the same methodology here as in the original comparison.
  Using Tech Tool Pro 4.0.2, I attempted to repair the exact same
  disk errors that were used in the original review. Do note that
  I'm not reviewing any of the other features of Tech Tool Pro
  beyond its capability to repair damaged disks.


**Free Advice** -- A disk repair program can fix many things, but
  when you drop your Mac in a swimming pool, leave it in the back
  of a taxi, or lose it to a light-fingered burglar, the only thing
  that helps is having a current backup copy of your data. If you
  don't have a current backup, make one today.

  Also, if you are using Mac OS X 10.3 Panther, use Disk Utility
  to turn on journaling. Journaling enables Mac OS X to fix certain
  kinds of damage automatically, before you even notice a problem
  exists.


**Bad Sector!** Bad sectors are a common problem and can occur
  when a sector on the disk becomes unreadable, either due to damage
  to the disk surface, or because the data on the sector becomes
  scrambled. Although the data will be toast either way, it's
  relatively easy to repair the disk. In the first case, the bad
  sector is replaced from a set of spare sectors the disk maintains.
  In the latter case, new data is written to the sector, replacing
  the scrambled data. In either case, the original contents of the
  sector are lost.

  Using a special tool, I created bad sectors with scrambled data.
  (I had to perform this test on a real disk.) Tech Tool Pro
  detected the bad sectors, but couldn't fix them. It also didn't
  say which unlucky files contained the bad sectors, so it doesn't
  give you any hints as to which files are damaged. This result puts
  it on par with Drive 10 and Disk Guardian. Disk Utility, Norton
  Disk Doctor and DiskWarrior didn't even detect the bad sectors.

  It's fairly easy to fix bad sectors on modern disks, and its
  not that hard to find out which file contains a bad sector. I'm
  surprised no disk utility has mastered this trick yet, since it
  would give them a distinct advantage.


**Directory Destruction** -- All the remaining tests involve
  damage to the various data structures that Mac OS X uses to track
  where your files are located on the disk.

  The allocation file tracks which blocks on the disk contain
  files, and which are empty. Errors in the allocation file are not
  uncommon. Tech Tool Pro repaired a damaged allocation file easily
  on my test disk image, as did all the other disk utilities.

  The volume header is a guide to all the other important structures
  on the disk. Without it, you can't find the allocation file, the
  catalog file, or any of your files. Erasing the signature in the
  volume header makes Mac OS X declare the disk corrupt, and refuse
  to mount it. Tech Tool Pro fixed this problem quickly, as did the
  other disk utilities.

  The catalog is the single most important data structure on an HFS+
  disk. It tracks all your files and folders. I erased the first
  node of the catalog, a devastating error. Tech Tool Pro repaired
  it properly, joining Norton Disk Doctor, Drive 10, and DiskWarrior
  and leaving Disk Guardian and Disk Utility behind.

  The catalog file (and the extents file as well - more on the
  extents file later) contains a map that records which nodes are
  in use, and which are free. After I damaged this map, Tech Tool
  Pro repaired it, just as all the other utilities did.

  The catalog file is set up in a tree structure: branches link
  together the various file and folder records in a strict order.
  If the links are damaged, you won't be able to find certain files
  or folders. Damaged links are one of the more common forms of
  catalog corruption. Tech Tool Pro repaired this damage perfectly.
  DiskWarrior, Norton Disk Doctor and Drive 10 also fixed this,
  although Disk Utility and Disk Guardian couldn't.

  The file and folder records in the catalog are maintained in
  a specific order. Just as with a library card catalog, if the
  records lose their order, finding the file or folder you want
  becomes impossible. Tech Tool Pro fixed this problem, and although
  it mangled one file name, the data inside the file was fine.
  All the other disk utilities also handled this error.

  Certain characters are illegal in file names, including colons and
  composed Unicode characters (don't ask). Although Tech Tool Pro
  found the illegal colon in a file name, it didn't manage to fix
  it. Only DiskWarrior and Norton Disk Doctor fixed this error.

  The catalog file is divided into nodes, and the nodes are divided
  into records. A record stores information about a particular file
  or folder. At the end of the node is a map which points to each
  record. If the map becomes corrupt, you can't find the files and
  folders in that node. Tech Tool Pro managed to fix the mangled
  map, but in the process it lost five files. Drive 10 and Disk
  Guardian also lost five and six files respectively fixing this
  error. Norton Disk Doctor and Disk Utility didn't manage to fix
  it. Only DiskWarrior fixed the damaged node map properly.

  Threads are special records in the catalog, used to look up
  folders and resolve aliases quickly. By damaging a thread,
  I created two problems: the damaged thread record itself, and
  a broken alias that no longer had a corresponding thread. Tech
  Tool Pro fixed both problems. Norton Disk Doctor, DiskWarrior,
  and Drive 10 also succeeded, while Disk Guardian and Disk Utility
  failed.

  A dangerous situation - called either "overlapping extents" or
  "cross-linked files" - occurs when the file system thinks two
  files occupy the same space on the disk. One file (at least) will
  be overwritten. I extended the length of one file to overlap the
  beginning of the next file. Tech Tool Pro managed to separate the
  files without losing any additional data. DiskWarrior, Norton Disk
  Doctor and Drive 10 fixed my cross-linked files as well, although
  Disk Utility and Disk Guardian didn't.


**No One Expects the Spanish Inquisition** -- So far, Tech Tool
  Pro had done well. The time had come to bring out the comfy chair.

  When a file is badly fragmented, it breaks into too many pieces
  (called extents) for the catalog to keep track of them all. The
  additional pieces are tracked in a special file called the extents
  file. Using a custom tool, I fragmented all the files on the test
  disk. Then I damaged two of the extent records. Tech Tool Pro
  detected the problem, but couldn't fix it. Disk Utility, Drive 10
  and Disk Guardian couldn't fix them either. DiskWarrior and Norton
  Disk Doctor put everything right.

  HFS+ volumes are enclosed in a wrapper, which is a relic from the
  old days when HFS+ was new. For Macs that didn't know about HFS+
  in their ROMs, the wrapper provided a bootstrap that let them
  boot from an HFS+ disk anyway. The wrapper has its own small but
  complete HFS (not HFS+) file system. So, I damaged the wrapper's
  catalog file. Tech Tool Pro didn't notice that anything was wrong.
  It's not alone; only Norton Disk Doctor fixed this obscure
  problem.

  Some people put several partitions on a hard disk. The partition
  map tracks the various partitions. I damaged the partition map.
  As with the bad sectors, I performed this test on a real hard disk,
  since disk images don't have partition maps. Tech Tool Pro didn't
  detect the problem. Of the other utilities, only Norton Disk
  Doctor even noticed this problem, although it couldn't fix it.

  Finally, instead of testing errors individually, I created a disk
  image with a slew of problems. I messed with the headers in some
  nodes, the records in various nodes, and the maps in some nodes.
  Some nodes got hit with all three bits of nasty corruption. I did
  this in both the catalog and extent files. It took Tech Tool Pro
  three tries, and on the third try it hung, but it finally did
  put the disk back together. However, about 50 files were missing.
  Considering the level of damage, Tech Tool Pro acquitted itself
  well enough. Only DiskWarrior handled this serious situation
  better, fixing the disk and losing fewer files. The other
  utilities tried hard, but as with the king's horses and the king's
  men, they simply couldn't put Humpty Dumpty together again.

  Of the 15 damaged disk images, Tech Tool Pro repaired 9 of them
  perfectly or well enough, and did pretty well on the last disk.
  That stacks up against DiskWarrior with 12 fixes, Norton Utilities
  with 11, Drive 10 with 9, Disk Guardian with 5 and Disk Utility
  with 4.

  Micromat says that Tech Tool Pro and Drive 10 (also from Micromat)
  share the same repair engine, so it's not surprising that the two
  programs scored nearly identically.

  Although TechTool Pro acquitted itself fairly well, joining
  Drive 10 in the middle of the pack, I stick with my earlier
  recommendation for dealing with damaged disks. Try Apple's Disk
  Utility first (since it's free and isn't likely to create any
  additional problems), and if Disk Utility fails, hand the damage
  over to DiskWarrior, which has the best chance of fixing whatever
  ails your hard disk. And please, keep good backups!

  [David Shayer was a senior engineer on Norton Utilities for
  Macintosh 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0. Before that he worked on Public
  Utilities, a disk repair program that won the MacUser Magazine
  Editor's Choice Award, and on Sedit, a low-level disk editor.]

   PayBITS: If David's detailed and expert testing told you which
   disk utility you should rely on, reward his efforts via PayBITS!
   <http://www.amazon.com/paypage/P12NE4WQ7K8ODD>
   Read more about PayBITS: <http://www.tidbits.com/paybits/>


Hot Topics in TidBITS Talk/07-Jun-04
------------------------------------
  by TidBITS Staff <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

  The second URL below each thread description points to the
  discussion on our Web Crossing server, which will be much
  faster, though it doesn't yet use our preferred design.

<http://emperor.tidbits.com/TidBITS/Talk/>


**Mac Browser Security Hole** -- Readers continue to discuss the
  Mac OS X security vulnerabilities discovered over the past few
  weeks (23 messages)

<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tlkthrd=2233>
<http://emperor.tidbits.com/TidBITS/Talk/99>


**Tactile Pro Keyboard feedback** -- TidBITS sponsor Matias asks
  for reader opinion on offering a keyboard with modified Option
  and Control keys. (7 messages)

<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tlkthrd=2244>
<http://emperor.tidbits.com/TidBITS/Talk/109>


**Ideal auto-save behavior** -- Several programs offer the
  capability to save your data automatically while you work,
  but how well do they accomplish this task? (4 messages)

<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tlkthrd=2243>
<http://emperor.tidbits.com/TidBITS/Talk/108>


**FrameMaker replacements** -- Adobe announced that it will no
  longer develop its long-document layout program. What other
  tools are available, and how do they compete with FrameMaker -
  if at all? (16 messages)

<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tlkthrd=2241>
<http://emperor.tidbits.com/TidBITS/Talk/106>


**How Envision should work** -- The beta release of Open Door
  Software's Envision prompts comparisons to digital picture
  frames, as well as suggestions for the upcoming 1.0 version
  of the Web image viewing application. (2 messages)

<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tlkthrd=2240>
<http://emperor.tidbits.com/TidBITS/Talk/105>



$$

 Non-profit, non-commercial publications may reprint articles if
 full credit is given. Others please contact us. We don't guarantee
 accuracy of articles. Caveat lector. Publication, product, and
 company names may be registered trademarks of their companies.

 For information: how to subscribe, where to find back issues,
 and more, see <http://www.tidbits.com/>. TidBITS ISSN 1090-7017.
 Send comments and editorial submissions to: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
 Back issues available at: <http://www.tidbits.com/tb-issues/>
 And: <ftp://ftp.tidbits.com/issues/>
 Full text searching available at: <http://www.tidbits.com/search/>
 -------------------------------------------------------------------






Reply via email to