On 1/20/11 5:59 PM, Chris Albertson wrote:
On Thu, Jan 20, 2011 at 5:25 PM,<[email protected]> wrote:
Another time I was driving I-5 near Lemoore Navy airstation and got a different
type of jamming. The whole gps display rotate back and forth. No idea how that
jamming was done.
Not just with GPS but in general that is the more sophisticated and
useful method of jamming. Think of an airplane being targeted by an
radar guided missile. It could simply broadcast while noise but then
it would become a very bright target to a radio homing missile. And
you can bet $$$ that all radar guided missiles have a radio homing
mode build into their software. The smarter jammer sends a faulse
signal back that is only "off" enough to cause the missile to miss but
not "off" enough that the missile can know it is being jammed.
I haven't done jammers for almost 20 years now, but back then, the
scheme was a digital RF memory (DRFM).. after all, the radar pulse is
typically coded, and a good "fake return" has to be coded the same.
Furthermore, the radars are smart enough to be able to match up the
Doppler profile and the range rate, so you need to put a frequency shift
on the fake return that is appropriate. The usual scheme is to light up
the fake target exactly matching the real target, wait for the radar to
track, then "walk" the fake return away slowly, while keeping the return
power just a bit bigger than the real skin return. Then, you shut off
the jammer, forcing the radar to go through the whole acquisition
process again (much easier to track a target in clutter than it is to
find it in the first place).
Most simple jammers (for, e.g. GPS) don't necessarily try to spoof the
receiver with a fake signal, but attack some other aspect of the signal
processing chain; a classic older approach for radars is to transmit two
strong signals separated by the IF frequency, and hope they make it
through the front end filters. A pulsed signal that's in band attacks
the AGC loop. GPS receivers with their 1 or 1.5 bit samplers are quite
vulnerable, especially if you know the sampling rate, because they're
pretty "wide open" as far as the front end goes.
A smart GPS jammer would slowly "move" the location reported by any
GPS receiver in the area just enough that weapons would miss their
targets
That's actually quite difficult. Consider that for GPS, each receiver
is seeing a different set of signals (in terms of relative time/phase)
from SVs that are moving. The code phase and doppler have to be
consistent, etc.
I spent some time over the last few weeks thinking about how hard it
would be to build a cheap GPS simulator with an FPGA for testing a
single radio. Generating the NAV messages and the spread codes is easy.
Sliding them around and keeping range, range rate, and Doppler
consistent, not so easy. (some sort of funky chain of NCOs was what I
came up with, but I don't know if that would work)
Jamming is a very sophisticated science because for every trick there
is are counter measures and so on for several layers
Yes, yes indeed..
Very intellectually stimulating and fascinating work.. Too bad that
death and destruction is the object. (Yes.. Andrew Undershaft and Major
Barbara can have that discussion, too)
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