Hi Tom...

Does your proposal allow for a Zero leap second, or does it require either plus 
or minus 1 to work? Seems like you could stay closer to the true value if you 
also have a zero option. Might also cause less consternation for some services, 
like the finance and scientific worlds, that seem to have critical issues when 
an LS appears.

I like your point that by having it occur monthly it forces systems to address 
issues promptly, and maybe that's the argument for the non-zero option.

Tom Holmes, N8ZM


-----Original Message-----
From: time-nuts [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of Tom Van Baak
Sent: Thursday, July 21, 2016 1:28 PM
To: Discussion of precise time and frequency measurement <[email protected]>
Cc: Leap Second Discussion List <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: [time-nuts] Leap second to be introduced at midnight UTC December 
31 this year

Time to mention this again...

If we adopted the LSEM (Leap Second Every Month) model then none of this would 
be a problem. The idea is not to decide *if* there will be leap second, but to 
force every month to have a leap second. The IERS decision is then what the 
*sign* of the leap second should be this month.

Note this would keep |DUT1| < 1 s as now. UT1 would stay in sync with UTC, not 
so much by rare steps but by dithering. There would be no change to UTC or 
timing infrastructure because the definition of UTC already allows for positive 
or negative leap seconds in any given month.

Every UTC-aware device would 1) know how to reliably insert or delete a leap 
second, because bugs would be found by developers within a month or two, not by 
end-users years or decades in the future, and 2) every UTC-aware device would 
have an often tested direct or indirect path to IERS to know what the sign of 
the leap second will be for the current month.

The leap second would then become a normal part of UTC, a regular monthly 
event, instead of a rare, newsworthy exception. None of the weird bugs we 
continue to see year after year in leap second handling by NTP and OS's and GPS 
receiver firmware would occur.

Historical leap second tables would consist of little more than 12 bits per 
year.

Moreover, in the next decade or two or three, if we slide into an era where 
average earth rotation slows from 86400.1 to 86400.0 to 86399.9 seconds a day, 
there will be zero impact if LSEM is already in place.

/tvb

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