The output wavelength of a VCSEL is current and temperature dependent so using 
a low noise current source and regulating the chip temperature is usually 
necessary to allow locking to an atomic transition.
Most VCSELS for such applications include a peltier module within the housing.

Bruce 
> On 11 June 2018 at 19:26 Attila Kinali <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> 
> On Mon, 11 Jun 2018 06:53:49 +0200
> Magnus Danielson <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> > One might then ask what the availability and pricetag is for nonlinear
> > chrystal needed for frequency doubling.
> 
> It cannot be too much, given the fact that these are used in
> green laser pointers.
> 
> Though, I have to say I am astonished how expensive those VCSEL are.
> I would have guessed they are below $100/pcs, given that "normal"
> laser diodes are usually in the order of $10-$20.
> 
> 
>                       Attila Kinali
> -- 
> It is upon moral qualities that a society is ultimately founded. All 
> the prosperity and technological sophistication in the world is of no 
> use without that foundation.
>                  -- Miss Matheson, The Diamond Age, Neil Stephenson
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