I recall that there are some data showing that some small amount of light
does pass through blue-pigmented irises, resulting in a bit of retinal
blur. In fact, there was one study that suggested that
blue-eyed subjects experience illusions involving line intersections (e.g.,
Muller-Lyer) to a slightly larger extent that dark-eyed subjects; one
explanation was that this might be related to that blur. I have
not seen a follow-up to this study. The effect, if real, appears to
be small and requires a very large N to demonstrate. I'm sorry, but I
don't recall the reference offhand, although it might have been done by Marshall
Segall in the late 60's..
Phil Tolin
Philip Tolin, Ph.D.
Professor of Psychology and Associate Dean
College of the Sciences
Central Washington University
Ellensburg, WA 98926
Phone: (509) 963-3453 (Psy.)/963-1866(Dean's Office)
>>> Teaching in the Psychological Sciences digest <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> 2/27/03 9:00:09 PM >>>
TIPS Digest for Thursday, February 27, 2003.
1. Student question about cognition
2. RE: We've got it all wrong
3. Re: sorry
4. Re:Negative reinforcement vs. punishment
5. racially sensitive vaccine
6. RE: racially sensitive vaccine
7. Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
8. Re: racially sensitive vaccine
9. Re: racially sensitive vaccine
10. Student question on vision
11. RE: racially sensitive vaccine
12. Re: Student question about cognition
13. Re: racially sensitive vaccine
14. Re: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
15. Re: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
16. Re: Student question on vision
17. Re: racially sensitive vaccine
18. RE: Negative reinforcement vs. punishment
19. RE: SPRING BREAK ADVISORY
20. Re: racially sensitive vaccine
21. Fred Rogers
22. Re: Fred Rogers
23. Re: Fred Rogers
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Student question about cognition
From: "Hetzel, Rod" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 09:28:42 -0600
X-Message-Number: 1
"Seligman found that people with depression make inaccurate attributions
about the causes of events in their life. The other cognitive theorists
said that depressed people do cognitive distortions. If that is true,
how do you make sense of the social psychological research showing that
mildly depressed people make more accurate judgements and evaluations
about their lives?"
______________________________________________
Roderick D. Hetzel, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
LeTourneau University
Post Office Box 7001
2100 South Mobberly Avenue
Longview, Texas 75607-7001
=20
Office: Education Center 218
Phone: 903-233-3893
Fax: 903-233-3851
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Homepage: http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: RE: We've got it all wrong
From: "Annette Taylor, Ph. D." <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 08:32:19 -0800
X-Message-Number: 2
I respectfully disagree with much of what you have said, Mike, and probably
because I come from a cognitive perspective where almost everything I do is
repeated measures. Most of the threats to internal validity that you have noted
are not a problem with the type of research that I do, as long as I have good
counterbalancing or randomized presentation of conditions. AND, I have the
advantage of reduced error and a need for fewer participants. And I do believe
that despite the lack of random assignment to groups ( which in the case of
repeated measures is a nonsense), that I still have a true "experiment".
However, I think we are getting far afield from the original posting in which,
as I recall, a student compared groups based on survey responses and called it
an experiment......
Annette
Quoting Mike Scoles <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> I'm going to stick with Sir Fisher and reserve the term "experiment" for
> situations where there is random assignment to conditions. I do not know of
> any within-subjects designs that would not be better as mixed designs.
> Within-subject designs are too easily compromised by history, maturation,
> instrumentation, attrition, and (sometimes) test sensitization and
> regression issues. Let's see, the only one of the "Big 7" that I left out
> was subject selection--the major problem with quasi-experiments. Of course,
> good quasi-experiments can provide information as useful as a marginal
> experiment.
>
> Notice that many texts discuss quasi-experiments and single-subject designs
> in the same context. Even though many people would consider single-subject
> designs to be true experiments, they have many of the same flaws as
> quasi-experiments. These flaws can be minimized by careful attention to
> control of extraneous variables, but that doesn't make them true experiments
> in Fisher's sense.
>
> *************************************************
> Michael T. Scoles, Ph.D.
> Director, Arkansas Charter School Resource Center
> Associate Professor of Psychology & Counseling
> University of Central Arkansas
> Conway, AR 72035
> voice: (501) 450-5418
> fax: (501) 450-5424
> *************************************************
>
>
>
> ---
> You are currently subscribed to tips as: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> To unsubscribe send a blank email to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
Annette Kujawski Taylor, Ph. D.
Department of Psychology
University of San Diego
5998 Alcala Park
San Diego, CA 92110
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: sorry
From: "James Guinee" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 10:35:49 -0600
X-Message-Number: 3
On 27 Feb 2003, at 0:00, Teaching in the Psychological Sciences di wrote:
> Subject: sorry
> From: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Date: Wed, 26 Feb 2003 13:38:25 -0500
> X-Message-Number: 13
>
> I realized that for my last post I hit reply and forgot to delete the entire
> digest that came along with it. Sorry for taking up unnecessary space.
>
> Deborah Deitcher
Sometimes some of us need to read things more than once for
better comprehension :)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re:Negative reinforcement vs. punishment
From: "Rob Weisskirch" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 08:36:08 -0800
X-Message-Number: 4
Deborah,
After teaching behaviorism for a while, I have learned that students
confuse negative reinforcement because people do not generally understand
the term. I teach Child Development, mostly pre-service teachers, who are
the worst culprits.
I always remind the students repeatedly that reinforcement continues a
behavior. Say that at least ten times during the lecture. My favorite
example is the buzzing noise that your car makes until you fasten your
seatbelt. As soon as it is fastening the buzzing stops. This is negative
reinforcement because you continue to fasten your seatbelt in order to
make the annoying buzzing go away.
Punishment is always aimed at reducing or eliminating a behavior.
Hopefully, the responses you've received will continue your posting
(Positive reinforcement). If they're really bad, you might stay away
(punishment).
Rob
Rob Weisskirch, MSW, Ph.D.
Human Development Program
Liberal Studies Institute, Building 15
100 Campus Center
California State University, Monterey Bay
Seaside, CA 93955-8001
(831) 582-5079
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: racially sensitive vaccine
From: sylvestm <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 09:16:15 -0800 (PST)
X-Message-Number: 5
Well it appears that a new vaccine aimed at AIDS patients is producing
results for blacks but not for whites.
How do you read this observation?
And while on this subject,I wish to apologize for not posting ny
Black History month special: What they never told you in Psychology Class!
Lots of info is available,but yet I have so little time to posts them.
Michael Sylvester,PhD
Daytona Beach,Florida
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: RE: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Cheri Budzynski" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 12:23:25 -0500
X-Message-Number: 6
Black and Asian individuals represented only 4% of the sample population
- it may be a statistical glitch.
**********************
Cheri A. Budzynski, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor of Psychology
Heidelberg College
310. E. Market Street
Tiffin, Ohio 44883
(419) 448-2000 ext. 2251
(419) 893-1986 ext. 4005
-----Original Message-----
From: sylvestm [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, February 27, 2003 12:16 PM
To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences
Subject: racially sensitive vaccine
Well it appears that a new vaccine aimed at AIDS patients is producing
results for blacks but not for whites. How do you read this observation?
And while on this subject,I wish to apologize for not posting ny Black
History month special: What they never told you in Psychology Class!
Lots of info is available,but yet I have so little time to posts them.
Michael Sylvester,PhD
Daytona Beach,Florida
---
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unsubscribe send a blank email to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
From: "Hershberger, Tom" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 12:37:18 -0500
X-Message-Number: 7
I highly recommend an article in the Febuary 28, Pages B7-9 issue of the
Chronicle of Higher Education by Carol Tavris (of Wade and Tavris intro
textbook fame and Psychobabble and Biobunk). The essay is entitled Mind
Games: Psychological Warfare Between Therapists and Scientist. It is an
article that should be valuable at the Gen Psych level, through graduate
students and even deans and presidents.
The article is available on-line
http://chronicle.com/weekly/v49/i25/25b00701.htm, but you need to be
registered, which means have a subscription.
th
Thomas J. Hershberger, PhD
Professor of Psychology
Chatham College
Pittsburgh, PA 15232
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
412 365-1128
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Stephen Black" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 13:06:45 -0500
X-Message-Number: 8
On 27 Feb 2003, sylvestm wrote:
> Well it appears that a new vaccine aimed at AIDS patients is
> producing results for blacks but not for whites.
> How do you read this observation?
Assuming this is a reliable finding (and Cheri Budzynski's post just
came through suggesting that it may not be), it wouldn't be the
first time that a drug appeared to be more effective for one race
than another. A drug called NitroMed is being marketed as the first
"ethnic drug", described as "specifically designed to treat heart
disease in African-Americans" (Duster, 2001). Another drug called
enalapril was found to be more effective in lowering blood pressure
in Whites than in Blacks (Ananthaswamy, 2002).
This is moderately surprising considering that a consensus seems to
be developing that skin colour is a poor guide to genetic groups.
This is because it divides people based on a relatively minor human
physiological variation--amount of melanin in the skin, a difference
which is only, well, skin deep. Real genetic differences exist but
these cut across conventional racial classifications based on skin
colour (Ananthaswamy, 2002).
So if a new vaccine does turn out to be more effective in Blacks than
in Whites, perhaps there's an even greater difference in its
effectiveness when people are divided according to a more meaningful
physiological marker yet to be identified. It may be that the marker
occurs with greater frequency in Blacks, yet the current view that
conventional race categories lack validity suggests there would still
be considerable overlap with Whites. There may be a more effective
way to cut the deck to identify people for whom the vaccine is most
promising.
Stephen
References
Duster, T. (2001). Buried alive: the concept of race in science. The
Chronicle of Higher Education, Sept. 14 issue
Ananthaswamy, A. (2002). Under the skin. New Scientist, April 20
issue.
______________________________________________________________
Stephen L. Black, Ph.D. tel: (819) 822-9600 ext 2470
Department of Psychology fax: (819) 822-9661
Bishop's University e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Lennoxville, QC J1M 1Z7
Canada
Dept web page at http://www.ubishops.ca/ccc/div/soc/psy
TIPS discussion list for psychology teachers at
http://www.frostburg.edu/dept/psyc/southerly/tips
_________________________________________________________
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Christopher D. Green" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 13:43:26 -0500
X-Message-Number: 9
sylvestm wrote:
> Well it appears that a new vaccine aimed at AIDS patients is producing
> results for blacks but not for whites.
> How do you read this observation?
That the samples of minority subjects were rather small, and so it probably
means nothing at all.
--
Christopher D. Green
Department of Psychology
York University
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
M3J 1P3
phone: 416-736-5115 ext.66164
fax: 416-736-5814
e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.yorku.ca/christo/
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Student question on vision
From: "Harry Avis" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 10:43:28 -0800
X-Message-Number: 10
A student asked a question today that I should know the answer to, but I
don't. I am in the process of clearing out my office as I am retiring and
can't find a source. The question: Is it true that blue eyed people are more
sensitive to light than brown eyed?. I can figure out that blue eyed people
usually have a light skin color and are more sensitive to ultraviolet, but
this question specifically referred to eye color and sensitivity to light in
the visual system. Any help for geezers having a senior moment?
Harry Avis PhD
Sierra College
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Anything worth doing is worth doing at all
_________________________________________________________________
The new MSN 8: advanced junk mail protection and 2 months FREE*
http://join.msn.com/?page=features/junkmail
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: RE: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Gary Klatsky" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 13:52:01 -0500
X-Message-Number: 11
There was a story on this on NPR, I can't remember if it was Talk of the
Nation or Science Friday. The conclusion was that you can't draw any
conclusions from that result. The 4% minority participant that Cheryl noted
equaled less than 10 people. They made a point to note that since the test
was not designed to look at racial differences, therefore the conclusions
are quite limited. If in fact the result is valid, there are many factors,
other than race that may have produced the result. There is another study
of the vaccine taking place in Thailand that should provide additional
information about the interaction with race
Gary J. Klatsky, Ph. D.
Department of Psychology [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Oswego State University (SUNY) http://www.oswego.edu/~klatsky
7060 State Hwy 104W Voice: (315) 312-3474
Oswego, NY 13126 Fax: (315) 312-6330
-----Original Message-----
From: sylvestm [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, February 27, 2003 12:16 PM
To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences
Subject: racially sensitive vaccine
Well it appears that a new vaccine aimed at AIDS patients is producing
results for blacks but not for whites.
How do you read this observation?
And while on this subject,I wish to apologize for not posting ny
Black History month special: What they never told you in Psychology Class!
Lots of info is available,but yet I have so little time to posts them.
Michael Sylvester,PhD
Daytona Beach,Florida
---
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To unsubscribe send a blank email to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: Student question about cognition
From: "Beth Benoit" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 13:54:59 -0500
X-Message-Number: 12
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I don't think there's actually a disconnect here, though I can see how =
students can finde the lines blurred and the matter a bit confusing. =
Seligman was referring to how people see causes of problems in their =
lives (internal, global and stable attributions are correlated with =
depression, while external, specific and unstable attributions are not). =
=20
The study that found mildly depressed people making accurate predictions =
about future life events is on a different plane. Depressives don't =
have that "rosy glow of optimism" that characterizes non-depressed =
people. But that optimism has been shown to be more inaccurate than the =
more morose view of depressives. (Think of the people of Lake Wobegon, =
"where all the men are strong, all the women are good-looking, and all =
the children are above average.") Whenever I pass out the questionnaire =
asking the students in my class to estimate where they feel they stand =
with respect to other members of the class on such measures as how well =
they will do in this class, how successful they'll be in life, how much =
they'll like their job, how long they'll live, how successful their =
marriage will be, etc., etc., almost all rate themselves as above =
average. When the results are discussed, they usually have a good laugh =
at themselves, realizing that of course the majority of people can't be =
above average. (Except in Lake Wobegon.)
So what we seem to be seeing is that although the pessimistic view may =
not be accurate, it's less inaccurate than over-the-top optimism. =20
But give me the rosy glow every time...
Beth ("Rosy") Benoit
University System of New Hampshire
----- Original Message -----=20
From: "Hetzel, Rod" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: "Teaching in the Psychological Sciences" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Thursday, February 27, 2003 10:28 AM
Subject: Student question about cognition
"Seligman found that people with depression make inaccurate attributions
about the causes of events in their life. The other cognitive theorists
said that depressed people do cognitive distortions. If that is true,
how do you make sense of the social psychological research showing that
mildly depressed people make more accurate judgements and evaluations
about their lives?"
______________________________________________
Roderick D. Hetzel, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
LeTourneau University
Post Office Box 7001
2100 South Mobberly Avenue
Longview, Texas 75607-7001
=20
Office: Education Center 218
Phone: 903-233-3893
Fax: 903-233-3851
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Homepage: http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel
---
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I don't think there's actually a =
disconnect here,=20
though I can see how students can finde the lines blurred and the matter =
a bit=20
confusing. Seligman was referring to how people see =
</FONT><EM>causes=20
</EM>of problems in their lives (internal, global and stable =
attributions are=20
correlated with depression, while external, specific and unstable =
attributions=20
are not). </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The study that found mildly depressed =
people making=20
accurate <EM>predictions</EM> about future life events is on a different =
plane. Depressives don't have that "rosy glow of optimism" that=20
characterizes non-depressed people. But that optimism has been =
shown to be=20
more inaccurate than the more morose view of depressives. (Think =
of the=20
people of Lake Wobegon, "where all the men are strong, all the women are =
good-looking, and all the children are above average.") Whenever I =
pass=20
out the questionnaire asking the students in my class to estimate where =
they=20
feel they stand with respect to other members of the class on such =
measures as=20
how well they will do in this class, how successful they'll be in life, =
how much=20
they'll like their job, how long they'll live, how successful their =
marriage=20
will be, etc., etc., almost all rate themselves as above average. =
When the=20
results are discussed, they usually have a good laugh at themselves, =
realizing=20
that of course the majority of people can't be above average. =
(Except in=20
Lake Wobegon.)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>So what we seem to be seeing is that =
although the=20
pessimistic view may not be accurate, it's <EM>less inaccurate</EM> than =
over-the-top optimism. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>But give me the rosy glow every=20
time...</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Beth ("Rosy") Benoit</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>University System of New =
Hampshire</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>----- Original Message ----- </FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>From: "Hetzel, Rod" <</FONT><A=20
href="" href="mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]" ?>mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]"><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>[EMAIL PROTECTED]</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>To: "Teaching in the Psychological =
Sciences"=20
<</FONT><A href="" href="mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]" ?>mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]"><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>[EMAIL PROTECTED]</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Sent: Thursday, February 27, 2003 10:28 =
AM</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Subject: Student question about=20
cognition</FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial><BR><FONT size=3D2></FONT></FONT></DIV><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>"Seligman found that people with depression make inaccurate=20
attributions<BR>about the causes of events in their life. The =
other=20
cognitive theorists<BR>said that depressed people do cognitive=20
distortions. If that is true,<BR>how do you make sense of the =
social=20
psychological research showing that<BR>mildly depressed people make more =
accurate judgements and evaluations<BR>about their=20
lives?"<BR><BR>______________________________________________<BR>Roderick=
D.=20
Hetzel, Ph.D.<BR>Department of Psychology<BR>LeTourneau =
University<BR>Post=20
Office Box 7001<BR>2100 South Mobberly Avenue<BR>Longview, Texas =20
75607-7001<BR> <BR>Office: Education Center=20
218<BR>Phone: =20
903-233-3893<BR>Fax: =20
903-233-3851<BR>Email: </FONT><A=20
href="" href="mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]" ?>mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]"><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>[EMAIL PROTECTED]</FONT></A><BR><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>Homepage:=20
</FONT><A href="" href="http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel" ?>http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel"><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel</FONT></A><BR><BR><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>---<BR>You are currently subscribed to tips as: </FONT><A=20
href="" href="mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]" ?>mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]"><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>[EMAIL PROTECTED]</FONT></A><BR><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>To=20
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Subject: Re: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Beth Benoit" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 14:04:02 -0500
X-Message-Number: 13
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Here's the story from MSNBC.com., which shows that there were certainly =
more than 10 minority participants. There were in fact 314 black =
volunteers...
Beth Benoit
University System of New Hampshire
SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 24 - An experimental AIDS vaccine does not appear =
to protect most whites and Hispanics from the disease but may show =
promise in protecting blacks and Asians, said VaxGen Inc., the company =
that makes the vaccine. NBC's Robert Bazell cautioned that the results =
showing possible protection among some racial groups were highly =
inconclusive and represented "a very small part of a study that was =
essentially negative."
=20
=20
=20
THE OVERALL expected rate of infection was not reduced in =
the high-risk people who volunteered to take the vaccine, VaxGen said =
late Sunday.=20
The much-anticipated results of the trial found that in =
more than 5,000 volunteers - mostly gay, white men - people who received =
the vaccine contracted HIV infections at the same rate as those who =
received a placebo injection of water.
"Looking at the data as a whole, I think this vaccine is =
dead in the water," said Dr. John Moore of Cornell University's Weill =
Medical College. "It didn't work, and I'm not sure it's worth much more =
investment of time and effort."
However, there was one intriguing finding: The expected =
infection rate for the 314 black volunteers who received the vaccine was =
reduced by 78 percent - a result the researchers said was unexpected. =
The rate was reduced by 67 percent for all non-white volunteers other =
than Hispanics. =20
\
The Brisbane, Calif.-based company hailed these findings as =
cause for hope.
"This is the first time we have specific numbers to suggest =
that a vaccine has prevented HIV infection in humans," VaxGen vice =
president Phillip Berman said in a prepared statement Sunday night. =
"We're not sure yet why certain groups have a better immune response."
VaxGen said it planned to continue developing the vaccine, =
known as AIDSVAX, and will examine more closely why it worked better in =
blacks and Asians than it did in whites and Hispanics.=20
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Here's the story from MSNBC.com., which =
shows that=20
there were certainly more than 10 minority participants. There =
were in=20
fact 314 black volunteers...</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Beth Benoit</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>University System of New =
Hampshire</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 24 =97 An =
experimental AIDS=20
vaccine does not appear to protect most whites and Hispanics from the =
disease=20
but may show promise in protecting blacks and Asians, said VaxGen Inc., =
the=20
company that makes the vaccine. NBC=92s Robert Bazell cautioned that the =
results=20
showing possible protection among some racial groups were highly =
inconclusive=20
and represented =93a very small part of a study that was essentially=20
negative.=94</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 width=3D607 border=3D0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=3D23><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT></TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft width=3D361><FONT =
face=3DArial><!---LEFT COLUMN-A---><FONT size=3D2></FONT></FONT></TD>
<TD width=3D53><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dright width=3D193 colSpan=3D3>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 width=3D193 border=3D0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=3D10><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT></TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft colSpan=3D3><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2><IMG=20
alt=3D"" hspace=3D1 =
src="" href="http://msnbc.com/news/1801399.jpg" ?>http://msnbc.com/news/1801399.jpg" vspace=3D1=20
border=3D0><BR clear=3Dall><BR></FONT></TD>
<TD width=3D18><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft width=3D361><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2> =20
THE OVERALL expected rate of infection was not =
reduced in the=20
high-risk people who volunteered to take the vaccine, VaxGen said =
late=20
Sunday. <BR> The much-anticipated =
results of the=20
trial found that in more than 5,000 volunteers =97 mostly gay, =
white men =97=20
people who received the vaccine contracted HIV infections at the =
same rate=20
as those who received a placebo injection of water.<BR> =
=20
=93Looking at the data as a whole, I think this =
vaccine is dead=20
in the water,=94 said Dr. John Moore of Cornell University=92s =
Weill Medical=20
College. =93It didn=92t work, and I=92m not sure it=92s worth much =
more investment=20
of time and effort.=94<BR> However, =
there was one=20
intriguing finding: The expected infection rate for the 314 black=20
volunteers who received the vaccine was reduced by 78 percent =97 =
a result=20
the researchers said was unexpected. The rate was reduced by 67 =
percent=20
for all non-white volunteers other than Hispanics. </FONT></TD>
<TD width=3D53><FONT=20
face=3DArial><!--- **** EMPTY CELL FOR SPACING *****---><FONT=20
size=3D2></FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dright width=3D34><FONT face=3DArial><!--- =
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<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft width=3D361><FONT face=3DArial><FONT =
size=3D2> =20
The Brisbane, Calif.-based company hailed =
these=20
findings as cause for hope.<BR> =93This =
is the=20
first time we have specific numbers to suggest that a vaccine has=20
prevented HIV infection in humans,=94 VaxGen vice president =
Phillip Berman=20
said in a prepared statement Sunday night. =93We=92re not sure yet =
why certain=20
groups have a better immune response.=94<BR> =20
VaxGen said it planned to continue developing the vaccine, =
known as=20
AIDSVAX, and will examine more closely why it worked better in =
blacks and=20
Asians than it did in whites and=20
Hispanics.<!---LEFT =
COLUMN-A---></FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></BODY></HTML>
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gxynK/dbN19FOa3Dqzr79dF+usen1KaiPiRtmGw9II6auuauULxSyeTh Re: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
From: "Gene Walker" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 13:04:01 -0600
X-Message-Number: 14
I just checked and, at the moment, the Tavris article is one of the ones
that is available free as a sample from the Chronicle. Anyone interested
should act quickly before it is removed.
Best Wishes. Gene Walker
----- Original Message -----
From: "Hershberger, Tom" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: "Teaching in the Psychological Sciences" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Thursday, February 27, 2003 11:37 AM
Subject: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
>
>
> I highly recommend an article in the Febuary 28, Pages B7-9 issue of the
> Chronicle of Higher Education by Carol Tavris (of Wade and Tavris intro
> textbook fame and Psychobabble and Biobunk). The essay is entitled Mind
> Games: Psychological Warfare Between Therapists and Scientist. It is an
> article that should be valuable at the Gen Psych level, through graduate
> students and even deans and presidents.
>
> The article is available on-line
> http://chronicle.com/weekly/v49/i25/25b00701.htm, but you need to be
> registered, which means have a subscription.
>
> th
>
> Thomas J. Hershberger, PhD
> Professor of Psychology
> Chatham College
> Pittsburgh, PA 15232
>
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 412 365-1128
>
>
>
> ---
> You are currently subscribed to tips as: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> To unsubscribe send a blank email to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
From: "Patti Price" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 14:17:52 -0500
X-Message-Number: 15
The link for nonsubscribers to the Tavris article is
http://chronicle.com/free/v49/i25/25b00701.htm
Patti Price
Assistant Professor of Psychology
Wingate University
---
[This E-mail scanned for viruses by Declude Virus]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: Student question on vision
From: "Stephen Black" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 14:21:09 -0500
X-Message-Number: 16
On 27 Feb 2003, Harry Avis wrote:
> A student asked a question today that I should know the answer to, but
> I don't. I am in the process of clearing out my office as I am
> retiring and can't find a source. The question: Is it true that blue
> eyed people are more sensitive to light than brown eyed?. I can figure
> out that blue eyed people usually have a light skin color and are more
> sensitive to ultraviolet, but this question specifically referred to
> eye color and sensitivity to light in the visual system. Any help for
> geezers having a senior moment?
>
Off the top of my head, yes, it's true. Eye colour is, strangely
enough, dependent on the amount and distribution of only one pigment
in the iris. The more you have of it, the darker your eye colour.
Those will blue eyes have relatively little (the blue colour comes
from the scattering of light when reflected from the eye, same as for
the sky). As a result, I believe that ol' blue eyes are more at risk
for vision disorders dependent on sun exposure such as cataract and
macular degeneration. Me, I squint a lot in the sun (and eat spinach
every day (really!)) for its lutein content to build up the pigment
epithelium in the retina. There isn't yet direct evidence that it
protects against macular degeneration, but some promising indirect.
So I figure a little spinach (and orange peppers, and corn, and
squash) can't help (a bout of a transient condition a few years ago
similar to macular degeneration scared me into it, which I think was
caused by staring at the setting sun. Dumb move.)
Stephen
______________________________________________________________
Stephen L. Black, Ph.D. tel: (819) 822-9600 ext 2470
Department of Psychology fax: (819) 822-9661
Bishop's University e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Lennoxville, QC J1M 1Z7
Canada
Dept web page at http://www.ubishops.ca/ccc/div/soc/psy
TIPS discussion list for psychology teachers at
http://www.frostburg.edu/dept/psyc/southerly/tips
_________________________________________________________
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: racially sensitive vaccine
From: David Campbell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 11:40:38 -0800
X-Message-Number: 17
From the "New York Times on the Web"
"Results of the H.I.V. Vaccine Trial. After a three-year trial, a vaccine against H.I.V., the virus that causes AIDS, showed no overall effect. But it appeared to be effective in some subgroups."
INFECTED AT PERCENTAGE WHO
TOTAL END OF TRIAL BECAME INFECTED
All subjects
PLACEBO 1,679 98 5.8%
VACCINE 3,330 191 5.7%
White & Hispanic
PLACEBO 1,508 81 5.4%
VACCINE 3,003 179 6.0%
Black, Asian, Other combined
PLACEBO 171 17 9.9%
VACCINE 327 12 3.7%
Black
PLACEBO 111 9 8.1%
VACCINE 203 4 2.0%
Asian
PLACEBO 20 2 10.0%
VACCINE 53 2 3.8%
Other minorities
PLACEBO 40 6 15.0%
VACCINE 71 6 8.5%
___________________________________________________________________
David E. Campbell, Ph.D. [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Department of Psychology Phone: 707-826-3721
Humboldt State University FAX: 707-826-4993
Arcata, CA 95521-8299 www.humboldt.edu/~campbell/psyc.htm
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: RE: Negative reinforcement vs. punishment
From: "Hetzel, Rod" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 14:11:44 -0600
X-Message-Number: 18
> Hopefully, the responses you've received will continue your=20
> posting (Positive reinforcement). If they're really bad, you=20
> might stay away (punishment). =20
Have you noticed that by making all of these reinforcement/punishment
posts we have removed the aversive religion and student blooper posts?
How's that for negative reinforcement? Of course, if you like to argue
about religion then I guess it would be negative punishment and you
would stop posting on reinforcement...=20
______________________________________________
Roderick D. Hetzel, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
LeTourneau University
Post Office Box 7001
2100 South Mobberly Avenue
Longview, Texas 75607-7001
=20
Office: Education Center 218
Phone: 903-233-3893
Fax: 903-233-3851
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Homepage: http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: RE: SPRING BREAK ADVISORY
From: "Rick Adams" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 15:29:16 -0500
X-Message-Number: 19
Michael Sylvester wrote:
> Tipsters:
> Please remind your students who intend to come down
> to Daytona Beach for Spring Break not to attempt
> to jump from their top floor hotel balconies
> to the swimming pool.
Are you sure we should warn them?
Maybe, as the hunters here in Michigan seem to delight in saying
about the deer, it's time to "thin the herds." ;-)
Rick
--
Rick Adams
Department of Social Sciences
Jackson Community College
Jackson, MI
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
"... and the only measure of your worth and your deeds will be the love
you leave behind when you're gone. --Fred Small, Everything Possible "
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Christopher D. Green" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 17:02:05 -0500
X-Message-Number: 20
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Beth Benoit wrote:
> Here's the story from MSNBC.com., which shows that there were
> certainly more than 10 minority participants. There were in fact 314
> black volunteers...
INDEED. BUT, AS IS TYPICAL IN PROSPECTIVE MEDICAL RESEARCH, THE NUMBER
OF POSITIVE CASES WAS PROBABLY QUITE SMALL. SO, FOR INSTANCE, IF 9 OF
THE SUBJECTS IN THE IN THE PLACEBO GROUP BECAME INFECTED COMPARED TO
ONLY 2 IN THE "VACCINE" GROUP, THAT WOULD BE A DECREASE OF 78%, BUT
PROBABLY NOT A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE.
Regards,
--
Christopher D. Green
Department of Psychology
York University
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
M3J 1P3
phone: 416-736-5115 ext.66164
fax: 416-736-5814
e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.yorku.ca/christo/
--------------73BDB9A6315E4FDC9010C6AF
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
Beth Benoit wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Here's the story
from MSNBC.com., which shows that there were certainly more than 10 minority
participants. There were in fact 314 black volunteers...</font></font></blockquote>
<font face="Arial"><font size=-1>INDEED. BUT, AS IS TYPICAL IN PROSPECTIVE
MEDICAL RESEARCH, THE NUMBER OF POSITIVE CASES WAS PROBABLY QUITE SMALL.
SO, FOR INSTANCE, IF 9 OF THE SUBJECTS IN THE IN THE PLACEBO GROUP
BECAME INFECTED COMPARED TO ONLY 2 IN THE "VACCINE" GROUP, THAT WOULD BE
A DECREASE OF 78%, BUT PROBABLY NOT A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE.</font></font>
<p>Regards,
<br>--
<br>Christopher D. Green
<br>Department of Psychology
<br>York University
<br>Toronto, Ontario, Canada
<br>M3J 1P3
<p>phone: 416-736-5115 ext.66164
<br>fax: 416-736-5814
<br>e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
<br><A HREF=""http://www.yorku.ca/christo/" ?>http://www.yorku.ca/christo/">http://www.yorku.ca/christo/</A>
<br> </html>
--------------73BDB9A6315E4FDC9010C6AF--
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Fred Rogers
From: John Serafin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 22:04:10 -0500
X-Message-Number: 21
Although he certainly would not be classified as a psychologist, I mourn the
passing of Mr. Rogers. I watched him as a kid; my children watched him; I
hope my grandkids will have the chance to watch him as well. Pretty much the
nicest person I have ever had the pleasure to meet.
With his passing, this may be the wrong time to ask this: But what is the
opinion of Mr. Rogers (and his show) among the child development contingent
here? I don't recall ever seeing any comment about him before on this list.
John
--
John Serafin
Psychology Department
Saint Vincent College
Latrobe, PA 15650
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: Fred Rogers
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 22:07:24 EST
X-Message-Number: 22
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I was thinking of mentioning this to the group this morning. I think he was a
great person. He was kind enough to answer a short, complimentary letter that
I sent to him about 10 years ago. I wish my daughter could group up with him
as I did.
Nancy Melucci
Long Beach City College
Long Beach, CA
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<HTML><FONT FACE=3Darial,helvetica><FONT SIZE=3D4 FAMILY=3D"SERIF" FACE=3D"=
Bookman Old Style" LANG=3D"0">I was thinking of mentioning this to the group=
this morning. I think he was a great person. He was kind enough to answer a=
short, complimentary letter that I sent to him about 10 years ago. I wish m=
y daughter could group up with him as I did.<BR>
<BR>
Nancy Melucci<BR>
Long Beach City College<BR>
Long Beach, CA</FONT></HTML>
--part1_1a1.118fa959.2b902c6c_boundary--
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: Fred Rogers
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 22:11:32 EST
X-Message-Number: 23
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I am much more tired and sick than I though...
"I wish my daughter could group up with him as I did."
have grown up with him...
Nancy Melucci
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<HTML><FONT FACE=3Darial,helvetica><FONT SIZE=3D4 FAMILY=3D"SERIF" FACE=3D"=
Bookman Old Style" LANG=3D"0">I am much more tired and sick than I though...=
<BR>
<BR>
"I wish my daughter could group up with him as I did."<BR>
<BR>
have grown up with him...<BR>
<BR>
Nancy Melucci<BR>
</FONT><FONT COLOR=3D"#000000" #ffffff" SIZE=3D3=
FAMILY=3D"SANSSERIF" FACE=3D"arial" LANG=3D"0"><BR>
</FONT></HTML>
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---
END OF DIGEST
---
You are currently subscribed to tips as: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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---Professor of Psychology and Associate Dean
College of the Sciences
Central Washington University
Ellensburg, WA 98926
Phone: (509) 963-3453 (Psy.)/963-1866(Dean's Office)
>>> Teaching in the Psychological Sciences digest <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> 2/27/03 9:00:09 PM >>>
TIPS Digest for Thursday, February 27, 2003.
1. Student question about cognition
2. RE: We've got it all wrong
3. Re: sorry
4. Re:Negative reinforcement vs. punishment
5. racially sensitive vaccine
6. RE: racially sensitive vaccine
7. Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
8. Re: racially sensitive vaccine
9. Re: racially sensitive vaccine
10. Student question on vision
11. RE: racially sensitive vaccine
12. Re: Student question about cognition
13. Re: racially sensitive vaccine
14. Re: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
15. Re: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
16. Re: Student question on vision
17. Re: racially sensitive vaccine
18. RE: Negative reinforcement vs. punishment
19. RE: SPRING BREAK ADVISORY
20. Re: racially sensitive vaccine
21. Fred Rogers
22. Re: Fred Rogers
23. Re: Fred Rogers
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Student question about cognition
From: "Hetzel, Rod" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 09:28:42 -0600
X-Message-Number: 1
"Seligman found that people with depression make inaccurate attributions
about the causes of events in their life. The other cognitive theorists
said that depressed people do cognitive distortions. If that is true,
how do you make sense of the social psychological research showing that
mildly depressed people make more accurate judgements and evaluations
about their lives?"
______________________________________________
Roderick D. Hetzel, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
LeTourneau University
Post Office Box 7001
2100 South Mobberly Avenue
Longview, Texas 75607-7001
=20
Office: Education Center 218
Phone: 903-233-3893
Fax: 903-233-3851
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Homepage: http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: RE: We've got it all wrong
From: "Annette Taylor, Ph. D." <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 08:32:19 -0800
X-Message-Number: 2
I respectfully disagree with much of what you have said, Mike, and probably
because I come from a cognitive perspective where almost everything I do is
repeated measures. Most of the threats to internal validity that you have noted
are not a problem with the type of research that I do, as long as I have good
counterbalancing or randomized presentation of conditions. AND, I have the
advantage of reduced error and a need for fewer participants. And I do believe
that despite the lack of random assignment to groups ( which in the case of
repeated measures is a nonsense), that I still have a true "experiment".
However, I think we are getting far afield from the original posting in which,
as I recall, a student compared groups based on survey responses and called it
an experiment......
Annette
Quoting Mike Scoles <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> I'm going to stick with Sir Fisher and reserve the term "experiment" for
> situations where there is random assignment to conditions. I do not know of
> any within-subjects designs that would not be better as mixed designs.
> Within-subject designs are too easily compromised by history, maturation,
> instrumentation, attrition, and (sometimes) test sensitization and
> regression issues. Let's see, the only one of the "Big 7" that I left out
> was subject selection--the major problem with quasi-experiments. Of course,
> good quasi-experiments can provide information as useful as a marginal
> experiment.
>
> Notice that many texts discuss quasi-experiments and single-subject designs
> in the same context. Even though many people would consider single-subject
> designs to be true experiments, they have many of the same flaws as
> quasi-experiments. These flaws can be minimized by careful attention to
> control of extraneous variables, but that doesn't make them true experiments
> in Fisher's sense.
>
> *************************************************
> Michael T. Scoles, Ph.D.
> Director, Arkansas Charter School Resource Center
> Associate Professor of Psychology & Counseling
> University of Central Arkansas
> Conway, AR 72035
> voice: (501) 450-5418
> fax: (501) 450-5424
> *************************************************
>
>
>
> ---
> You are currently subscribed to tips as: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> To unsubscribe send a blank email to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
Annette Kujawski Taylor, Ph. D.
Department of Psychology
University of San Diego
5998 Alcala Park
San Diego, CA 92110
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: sorry
From: "James Guinee" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 10:35:49 -0600
X-Message-Number: 3
On 27 Feb 2003, at 0:00, Teaching in the Psychological Sciences di wrote:
> Subject: sorry
> From: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Date: Wed, 26 Feb 2003 13:38:25 -0500
> X-Message-Number: 13
>
> I realized that for my last post I hit reply and forgot to delete the entire
> digest that came along with it. Sorry for taking up unnecessary space.
>
> Deborah Deitcher
Sometimes some of us need to read things more than once for
better comprehension :)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re:Negative reinforcement vs. punishment
From: "Rob Weisskirch" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 08:36:08 -0800
X-Message-Number: 4
Deborah,
After teaching behaviorism for a while, I have learned that students
confuse negative reinforcement because people do not generally understand
the term. I teach Child Development, mostly pre-service teachers, who are
the worst culprits.
I always remind the students repeatedly that reinforcement continues a
behavior. Say that at least ten times during the lecture. My favorite
example is the buzzing noise that your car makes until you fasten your
seatbelt. As soon as it is fastening the buzzing stops. This is negative
reinforcement because you continue to fasten your seatbelt in order to
make the annoying buzzing go away.
Punishment is always aimed at reducing or eliminating a behavior.
Hopefully, the responses you've received will continue your posting
(Positive reinforcement). If they're really bad, you might stay away
(punishment).
Rob
Rob Weisskirch, MSW, Ph.D.
Human Development Program
Liberal Studies Institute, Building 15
100 Campus Center
California State University, Monterey Bay
Seaside, CA 93955-8001
(831) 582-5079
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: racially sensitive vaccine
From: sylvestm <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 09:16:15 -0800 (PST)
X-Message-Number: 5
Well it appears that a new vaccine aimed at AIDS patients is producing
results for blacks but not for whites.
How do you read this observation?
And while on this subject,I wish to apologize for not posting ny
Black History month special: What they never told you in Psychology Class!
Lots of info is available,but yet I have so little time to posts them.
Michael Sylvester,PhD
Daytona Beach,Florida
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: RE: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Cheri Budzynski" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 12:23:25 -0500
X-Message-Number: 6
Black and Asian individuals represented only 4% of the sample population
- it may be a statistical glitch.
**********************
Cheri A. Budzynski, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor of Psychology
Heidelberg College
310. E. Market Street
Tiffin, Ohio 44883
(419) 448-2000 ext. 2251
(419) 893-1986 ext. 4005
-----Original Message-----
From: sylvestm [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, February 27, 2003 12:16 PM
To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences
Subject: racially sensitive vaccine
Well it appears that a new vaccine aimed at AIDS patients is producing
results for blacks but not for whites. How do you read this observation?
And while on this subject,I wish to apologize for not posting ny Black
History month special: What they never told you in Psychology Class!
Lots of info is available,but yet I have so little time to posts them.
Michael Sylvester,PhD
Daytona Beach,Florida
---
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Subject: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
From: "Hershberger, Tom" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 12:37:18 -0500
X-Message-Number: 7
I highly recommend an article in the Febuary 28, Pages B7-9 issue of the
Chronicle of Higher Education by Carol Tavris (of Wade and Tavris intro
textbook fame and Psychobabble and Biobunk). The essay is entitled Mind
Games: Psychological Warfare Between Therapists and Scientist. It is an
article that should be valuable at the Gen Psych level, through graduate
students and even deans and presidents.
The article is available on-line
http://chronicle.com/weekly/v49/i25/25b00701.htm, but you need to be
registered, which means have a subscription.
th
Thomas J. Hershberger, PhD
Professor of Psychology
Chatham College
Pittsburgh, PA 15232
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
412 365-1128
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Stephen Black" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 13:06:45 -0500
X-Message-Number: 8
On 27 Feb 2003, sylvestm wrote:
> Well it appears that a new vaccine aimed at AIDS patients is
> producing results for blacks but not for whites.
> How do you read this observation?
Assuming this is a reliable finding (and Cheri Budzynski's post just
came through suggesting that it may not be), it wouldn't be the
first time that a drug appeared to be more effective for one race
than another. A drug called NitroMed is being marketed as the first
"ethnic drug", described as "specifically designed to treat heart
disease in African-Americans" (Duster, 2001). Another drug called
enalapril was found to be more effective in lowering blood pressure
in Whites than in Blacks (Ananthaswamy, 2002).
This is moderately surprising considering that a consensus seems to
be developing that skin colour is a poor guide to genetic groups.
This is because it divides people based on a relatively minor human
physiological variation--amount of melanin in the skin, a difference
which is only, well, skin deep. Real genetic differences exist but
these cut across conventional racial classifications based on skin
colour (Ananthaswamy, 2002).
So if a new vaccine does turn out to be more effective in Blacks than
in Whites, perhaps there's an even greater difference in its
effectiveness when people are divided according to a more meaningful
physiological marker yet to be identified. It may be that the marker
occurs with greater frequency in Blacks, yet the current view that
conventional race categories lack validity suggests there would still
be considerable overlap with Whites. There may be a more effective
way to cut the deck to identify people for whom the vaccine is most
promising.
Stephen
References
Duster, T. (2001). Buried alive: the concept of race in science. The
Chronicle of Higher Education, Sept. 14 issue
Ananthaswamy, A. (2002). Under the skin. New Scientist, April 20
issue.
______________________________________________________________
Stephen L. Black, Ph.D. tel: (819) 822-9600 ext 2470
Department of Psychology fax: (819) 822-9661
Bishop's University e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Lennoxville, QC J1M 1Z7
Canada
Dept web page at http://www.ubishops.ca/ccc/div/soc/psy
TIPS discussion list for psychology teachers at
http://www.frostburg.edu/dept/psyc/southerly/tips
_________________________________________________________
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Christopher D. Green" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 13:43:26 -0500
X-Message-Number: 9
sylvestm wrote:
> Well it appears that a new vaccine aimed at AIDS patients is producing
> results for blacks but not for whites.
> How do you read this observation?
That the samples of minority subjects were rather small, and so it probably
means nothing at all.
--
Christopher D. Green
Department of Psychology
York University
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
M3J 1P3
phone: 416-736-5115 ext.66164
fax: 416-736-5814
e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.yorku.ca/christo/
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Student question on vision
From: "Harry Avis" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 10:43:28 -0800
X-Message-Number: 10
A student asked a question today that I should know the answer to, but I
don't. I am in the process of clearing out my office as I am retiring and
can't find a source. The question: Is it true that blue eyed people are more
sensitive to light than brown eyed?. I can figure out that blue eyed people
usually have a light skin color and are more sensitive to ultraviolet, but
this question specifically referred to eye color and sensitivity to light in
the visual system. Any help for geezers having a senior moment?
Harry Avis PhD
Sierra College
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Anything worth doing is worth doing at all
_________________________________________________________________
The new MSN 8: advanced junk mail protection and 2 months FREE*
http://join.msn.com/?page=features/junkmail
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: RE: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Gary Klatsky" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 13:52:01 -0500
X-Message-Number: 11
There was a story on this on NPR, I can't remember if it was Talk of the
Nation or Science Friday. The conclusion was that you can't draw any
conclusions from that result. The 4% minority participant that Cheryl noted
equaled less than 10 people. They made a point to note that since the test
was not designed to look at racial differences, therefore the conclusions
are quite limited. If in fact the result is valid, there are many factors,
other than race that may have produced the result. There is another study
of the vaccine taking place in Thailand that should provide additional
information about the interaction with race
Gary J. Klatsky, Ph. D.
Department of Psychology [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Oswego State University (SUNY) http://www.oswego.edu/~klatsky
7060 State Hwy 104W Voice: (315) 312-3474
Oswego, NY 13126 Fax: (315) 312-6330
-----Original Message-----
From: sylvestm [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, February 27, 2003 12:16 PM
To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences
Subject: racially sensitive vaccine
Well it appears that a new vaccine aimed at AIDS patients is producing
results for blacks but not for whites.
How do you read this observation?
And while on this subject,I wish to apologize for not posting ny
Black History month special: What they never told you in Psychology Class!
Lots of info is available,but yet I have so little time to posts them.
Michael Sylvester,PhD
Daytona Beach,Florida
---
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Subject: Re: Student question about cognition
From: "Beth Benoit" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 13:54:59 -0500
X-Message-Number: 12
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I don't think there's actually a disconnect here, though I can see how =
students can finde the lines blurred and the matter a bit confusing. =
Seligman was referring to how people see causes of problems in their =
lives (internal, global and stable attributions are correlated with =
depression, while external, specific and unstable attributions are not). =
=20
The study that found mildly depressed people making accurate predictions =
about future life events is on a different plane. Depressives don't =
have that "rosy glow of optimism" that characterizes non-depressed =
people. But that optimism has been shown to be more inaccurate than the =
more morose view of depressives. (Think of the people of Lake Wobegon, =
"where all the men are strong, all the women are good-looking, and all =
the children are above average.") Whenever I pass out the questionnaire =
asking the students in my class to estimate where they feel they stand =
with respect to other members of the class on such measures as how well =
they will do in this class, how successful they'll be in life, how much =
they'll like their job, how long they'll live, how successful their =
marriage will be, etc., etc., almost all rate themselves as above =
average. When the results are discussed, they usually have a good laugh =
at themselves, realizing that of course the majority of people can't be =
above average. (Except in Lake Wobegon.)
So what we seem to be seeing is that although the pessimistic view may =
not be accurate, it's less inaccurate than over-the-top optimism. =20
But give me the rosy glow every time...
Beth ("Rosy") Benoit
University System of New Hampshire
----- Original Message -----=20
From: "Hetzel, Rod" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: "Teaching in the Psychological Sciences" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Thursday, February 27, 2003 10:28 AM
Subject: Student question about cognition
"Seligman found that people with depression make inaccurate attributions
about the causes of events in their life. The other cognitive theorists
said that depressed people do cognitive distortions. If that is true,
how do you make sense of the social psychological research showing that
mildly depressed people make more accurate judgements and evaluations
about their lives?"
______________________________________________
Roderick D. Hetzel, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
LeTourneau University
Post Office Box 7001
2100 South Mobberly Avenue
Longview, Texas 75607-7001
=20
Office: Education Center 218
Phone: 903-233-3893
Fax: 903-233-3851
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Homepage: http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel
---
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<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I don't think there's actually a =
disconnect here,=20
though I can see how students can finde the lines blurred and the matter =
a bit=20
confusing. Seligman was referring to how people see =
</FONT><EM>causes=20
</EM>of problems in their lives (internal, global and stable =
attributions are=20
correlated with depression, while external, specific and unstable =
attributions=20
are not). </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The study that found mildly depressed =
people making=20
accurate <EM>predictions</EM> about future life events is on a different =
plane. Depressives don't have that "rosy glow of optimism" that=20
characterizes non-depressed people. But that optimism has been =
shown to be=20
more inaccurate than the more morose view of depressives. (Think =
of the=20
people of Lake Wobegon, "where all the men are strong, all the women are =
good-looking, and all the children are above average.") Whenever I =
pass=20
out the questionnaire asking the students in my class to estimate where =
they=20
feel they stand with respect to other members of the class on such =
measures as=20
how well they will do in this class, how successful they'll be in life, =
how much=20
they'll like their job, how long they'll live, how successful their =
marriage=20
will be, etc., etc., almost all rate themselves as above average. =
When the=20
results are discussed, they usually have a good laugh at themselves, =
realizing=20
that of course the majority of people can't be above average. =
(Except in=20
Lake Wobegon.)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>So what we seem to be seeing is that =
although the=20
pessimistic view may not be accurate, it's <EM>less inaccurate</EM> than =
over-the-top optimism. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>But give me the rosy glow every=20
time...</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Beth ("Rosy") Benoit</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>University System of New =
Hampshire</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>----- Original Message ----- </FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>From: "Hetzel, Rod" <</FONT><A=20
href="" href="mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]" ?>mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]"><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>[EMAIL PROTECTED]</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>To: "Teaching in the Psychological =
Sciences"=20
<</FONT><A href="" href="mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]" ?>mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]"><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>[EMAIL PROTECTED]</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Sent: Thursday, February 27, 2003 10:28 =
AM</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Subject: Student question about=20
cognition</FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial><BR><FONT size=3D2></FONT></FONT></DIV><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>"Seligman found that people with depression make inaccurate=20
attributions<BR>about the causes of events in their life. The =
other=20
cognitive theorists<BR>said that depressed people do cognitive=20
distortions. If that is true,<BR>how do you make sense of the =
social=20
psychological research showing that<BR>mildly depressed people make more =
accurate judgements and evaluations<BR>about their=20
lives?"<BR><BR>______________________________________________<BR>Roderick=
D.=20
Hetzel, Ph.D.<BR>Department of Psychology<BR>LeTourneau =
University<BR>Post=20
Office Box 7001<BR>2100 South Mobberly Avenue<BR>Longview, Texas =20
75607-7001<BR> <BR>Office: Education Center=20
218<BR>Phone: =20
903-233-3893<BR>Fax: =20
903-233-3851<BR>Email: </FONT><A=20
href="" href="mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]" ?>mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]"><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>[EMAIL PROTECTED]</FONT></A><BR><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>Homepage:=20
</FONT><A href="" href="http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel" ?>http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel"><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel</FONT></A><BR><BR><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>---<BR>You are currently subscribed to tips as: </FONT><A=20
href="" href="mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]" ?>mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]"><FONT face=3DArial=20
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Subject: Re: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Beth Benoit" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 14:04:02 -0500
X-Message-Number: 13
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Here's the story from MSNBC.com., which shows that there were certainly =
more than 10 minority participants. There were in fact 314 black =
volunteers...
Beth Benoit
University System of New Hampshire
SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 24 - An experimental AIDS vaccine does not appear =
to protect most whites and Hispanics from the disease but may show =
promise in protecting blacks and Asians, said VaxGen Inc., the company =
that makes the vaccine. NBC's Robert Bazell cautioned that the results =
showing possible protection among some racial groups were highly =
inconclusive and represented "a very small part of a study that was =
essentially negative."
=20
=20
=20
THE OVERALL expected rate of infection was not reduced in =
the high-risk people who volunteered to take the vaccine, VaxGen said =
late Sunday.=20
The much-anticipated results of the trial found that in =
more than 5,000 volunteers - mostly gay, white men - people who received =
the vaccine contracted HIV infections at the same rate as those who =
received a placebo injection of water.
"Looking at the data as a whole, I think this vaccine is =
dead in the water," said Dr. John Moore of Cornell University's Weill =
Medical College. "It didn't work, and I'm not sure it's worth much more =
investment of time and effort."
However, there was one intriguing finding: The expected =
infection rate for the 314 black volunteers who received the vaccine was =
reduced by 78 percent - a result the researchers said was unexpected. =
The rate was reduced by 67 percent for all non-white volunteers other =
than Hispanics. =20
\
The Brisbane, Calif.-based company hailed these findings as =
cause for hope.
"This is the first time we have specific numbers to suggest =
that a vaccine has prevented HIV infection in humans," VaxGen vice =
president Phillip Berman said in a prepared statement Sunday night. =
"We're not sure yet why certain groups have a better immune response."
VaxGen said it planned to continue developing the vaccine, =
known as AIDSVAX, and will examine more closely why it worked better in =
blacks and Asians than it did in whites and Hispanics.=20
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Here's the story from MSNBC.com., which =
shows that=20
there were certainly more than 10 minority participants. There =
were in=20
fact 314 black volunteers...</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Beth Benoit</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>University System of New =
Hampshire</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 24 =97 An =
experimental AIDS=20
vaccine does not appear to protect most whites and Hispanics from the =
disease=20
but may show promise in protecting blacks and Asians, said VaxGen Inc., =
the=20
company that makes the vaccine. NBC=92s Robert Bazell cautioned that the =
results=20
showing possible protection among some racial groups were highly =
inconclusive=20
and represented =93a very small part of a study that was essentially=20
negative.=94</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 width=3D607 border=3D0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=3D23><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT></TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft width=3D361><FONT =
face=3DArial><!---LEFT COLUMN-A---><FONT size=3D2></FONT></FONT></TD>
<TD width=3D53><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dright width=3D193 colSpan=3D3>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 width=3D193 border=3D0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=3D10><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT></TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft colSpan=3D3><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2><IMG=20
alt=3D"" hspace=3D1 =
src="" href="http://msnbc.com/news/1801399.jpg" ?>http://msnbc.com/news/1801399.jpg" vspace=3D1=20
border=3D0><BR clear=3Dall><BR></FONT></TD>
<TD width=3D18><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft width=3D361><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2> =20
THE OVERALL expected rate of infection was not =
reduced in the=20
high-risk people who volunteered to take the vaccine, VaxGen said =
late=20
Sunday. <BR> The much-anticipated =
results of the=20
trial found that in more than 5,000 volunteers =97 mostly gay, =
white men =97=20
people who received the vaccine contracted HIV infections at the =
same rate=20
as those who received a placebo injection of water.<BR> =
=20
=93Looking at the data as a whole, I think this =
vaccine is dead=20
in the water,=94 said Dr. John Moore of Cornell University=92s =
Weill Medical=20
College. =93It didn=92t work, and I=92m not sure it=92s worth much =
more investment=20
of time and effort.=94<BR> However, =
there was one=20
intriguing finding: The expected infection rate for the 314 black=20
volunteers who received the vaccine was reduced by 78 percent =97 =
a result=20
the researchers said was unexpected. The rate was reduced by 67 =
percent=20
for all non-white volunteers other than Hispanics. </FONT></TD>
<TD width=3D53><FONT=20
face=3DArial><!--- **** EMPTY CELL FOR SPACING *****---><FONT=20
size=3D2></FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dright width=3D34><FONT face=3DArial><!--- =
Empty cell for spacing ---><FONT size=3D2></FONT></FONT></TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft width=3D136>
<CENTER><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>\</FONT></CENTER>
<P><FONT face=3DArial><BR><BR><FONT =
size=3D2></FONT></FONT> </P></TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dright width=3D23><FONT face=3DArial><!--- =
Empty cell for spacing---><FONT size=3D2></FONT></FONT></TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft width=3D361><FONT face=3DArial><FONT =
size=3D2> =20
The Brisbane, Calif.-based company hailed =
these=20
findings as cause for hope.<BR> =93This =
is the=20
first time we have specific numbers to suggest that a vaccine has=20
prevented HIV infection in humans,=94 VaxGen vice president =
Phillip Berman=20
said in a prepared statement Sunday night. =93We=92re not sure yet =
why certain=20
groups have a better immune response.=94<BR> =20
VaxGen said it planned to continue developing the vaccine, =
known as=20
AIDSVAX, and will examine more closely why it worked better in =
blacks and=20
Asians than it did in whites and=20
Hispanics.<!---LEFT =
COLUMN-A---></FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></BODY></HTML>
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gxynK/dbN19FOa3Dqzr79dF+usen1KaiPiRtmGw9II6auuauULxSyeTh Re: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
From: "Gene Walker" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 13:04:01 -0600
X-Message-Number: 14
I just checked and, at the moment, the Tavris article is one of the ones
that is available free as a sample from the Chronicle. Anyone interested
should act quickly before it is removed.
Best Wishes. Gene Walker
----- Original Message -----
From: "Hershberger, Tom" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: "Teaching in the Psychological Sciences" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Thursday, February 27, 2003 11:37 AM
Subject: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
>
>
> I highly recommend an article in the Febuary 28, Pages B7-9 issue of the
> Chronicle of Higher Education by Carol Tavris (of Wade and Tavris intro
> textbook fame and Psychobabble and Biobunk). The essay is entitled Mind
> Games: Psychological Warfare Between Therapists and Scientist. It is an
> article that should be valuable at the Gen Psych level, through graduate
> students and even deans and presidents.
>
> The article is available on-line
> http://chronicle.com/weekly/v49/i25/25b00701.htm, but you need to be
> registered, which means have a subscription.
>
> th
>
> Thomas J. Hershberger, PhD
> Professor of Psychology
> Chatham College
> Pittsburgh, PA 15232
>
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 412 365-1128
>
>
>
> ---
> You are currently subscribed to tips as: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> To unsubscribe send a blank email to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: Mind Games: Chronicle of Higher Education Article
From: "Patti Price" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 14:17:52 -0500
X-Message-Number: 15
The link for nonsubscribers to the Tavris article is
http://chronicle.com/free/v49/i25/25b00701.htm
Patti Price
Assistant Professor of Psychology
Wingate University
---
[This E-mail scanned for viruses by Declude Virus]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: Student question on vision
From: "Stephen Black" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 14:21:09 -0500
X-Message-Number: 16
On 27 Feb 2003, Harry Avis wrote:
> A student asked a question today that I should know the answer to, but
> I don't. I am in the process of clearing out my office as I am
> retiring and can't find a source. The question: Is it true that blue
> eyed people are more sensitive to light than brown eyed?. I can figure
> out that blue eyed people usually have a light skin color and are more
> sensitive to ultraviolet, but this question specifically referred to
> eye color and sensitivity to light in the visual system. Any help for
> geezers having a senior moment?
>
Off the top of my head, yes, it's true. Eye colour is, strangely
enough, dependent on the amount and distribution of only one pigment
in the iris. The more you have of it, the darker your eye colour.
Those will blue eyes have relatively little (the blue colour comes
from the scattering of light when reflected from the eye, same as for
the sky). As a result, I believe that ol' blue eyes are more at risk
for vision disorders dependent on sun exposure such as cataract and
macular degeneration. Me, I squint a lot in the sun (and eat spinach
every day (really!)) for its lutein content to build up the pigment
epithelium in the retina. There isn't yet direct evidence that it
protects against macular degeneration, but some promising indirect.
So I figure a little spinach (and orange peppers, and corn, and
squash) can't help (a bout of a transient condition a few years ago
similar to macular degeneration scared me into it, which I think was
caused by staring at the setting sun. Dumb move.)
Stephen
______________________________________________________________
Stephen L. Black, Ph.D. tel: (819) 822-9600 ext 2470
Department of Psychology fax: (819) 822-9661
Bishop's University e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Lennoxville, QC J1M 1Z7
Canada
Dept web page at http://www.ubishops.ca/ccc/div/soc/psy
TIPS discussion list for psychology teachers at
http://www.frostburg.edu/dept/psyc/southerly/tips
_________________________________________________________
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: racially sensitive vaccine
From: David Campbell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 11:40:38 -0800
X-Message-Number: 17
From the "New York Times on the Web"
"Results of the H.I.V. Vaccine Trial. After a three-year trial, a vaccine against H.I.V., the virus that causes AIDS, showed no overall effect. But it appeared to be effective in some subgroups."
INFECTED AT PERCENTAGE WHO
TOTAL END OF TRIAL BECAME INFECTED
All subjects
PLACEBO 1,679 98 5.8%
VACCINE 3,330 191 5.7%
White & Hispanic
PLACEBO 1,508 81 5.4%
VACCINE 3,003 179 6.0%
Black, Asian, Other combined
PLACEBO 171 17 9.9%
VACCINE 327 12 3.7%
Black
PLACEBO 111 9 8.1%
VACCINE 203 4 2.0%
Asian
PLACEBO 20 2 10.0%
VACCINE 53 2 3.8%
Other minorities
PLACEBO 40 6 15.0%
VACCINE 71 6 8.5%
___________________________________________________________________
David E. Campbell, Ph.D. [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Department of Psychology Phone: 707-826-3721
Humboldt State University FAX: 707-826-4993
Arcata, CA 95521-8299 www.humboldt.edu/~campbell/psyc.htm
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: RE: Negative reinforcement vs. punishment
From: "Hetzel, Rod" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 14:11:44 -0600
X-Message-Number: 18
> Hopefully, the responses you've received will continue your=20
> posting (Positive reinforcement). If they're really bad, you=20
> might stay away (punishment). =20
Have you noticed that by making all of these reinforcement/punishment
posts we have removed the aversive religion and student blooper posts?
How's that for negative reinforcement? Of course, if you like to argue
about religion then I guess it would be negative punishment and you
would stop posting on reinforcement...=20
______________________________________________
Roderick D. Hetzel, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
LeTourneau University
Post Office Box 7001
2100 South Mobberly Avenue
Longview, Texas 75607-7001
=20
Office: Education Center 218
Phone: 903-233-3893
Fax: 903-233-3851
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Homepage: http://www.letu.edu/people/rodhetzel
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: RE: SPRING BREAK ADVISORY
From: "Rick Adams" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 15:29:16 -0500
X-Message-Number: 19
Michael Sylvester wrote:
> Tipsters:
> Please remind your students who intend to come down
> to Daytona Beach for Spring Break not to attempt
> to jump from their top floor hotel balconies
> to the swimming pool.
Are you sure we should warn them?
Maybe, as the hunters here in Michigan seem to delight in saying
about the deer, it's time to "thin the herds." ;-)
Rick
--
Rick Adams
Department of Social Sciences
Jackson Community College
Jackson, MI
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
"... and the only measure of your worth and your deeds will be the love
you leave behind when you're gone. --Fred Small, Everything Possible "
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: racially sensitive vaccine
From: "Christopher D. Green" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 17:02:05 -0500
X-Message-Number: 20
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Beth Benoit wrote:
> Here's the story from MSNBC.com., which shows that there were
> certainly more than 10 minority participants. There were in fact 314
> black volunteers...
INDEED. BUT, AS IS TYPICAL IN PROSPECTIVE MEDICAL RESEARCH, THE NUMBER
OF POSITIVE CASES WAS PROBABLY QUITE SMALL. SO, FOR INSTANCE, IF 9 OF
THE SUBJECTS IN THE IN THE PLACEBO GROUP BECAME INFECTED COMPARED TO
ONLY 2 IN THE "VACCINE" GROUP, THAT WOULD BE A DECREASE OF 78%, BUT
PROBABLY NOT A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE.
Regards,
--
Christopher D. Green
Department of Psychology
York University
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
M3J 1P3
phone: 416-736-5115 ext.66164
fax: 416-736-5814
e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.yorku.ca/christo/
--------------73BDB9A6315E4FDC9010C6AF
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
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<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
Beth Benoit wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Here's the story
from MSNBC.com., which shows that there were certainly more than 10 minority
participants. There were in fact 314 black volunteers...</font></font></blockquote>
<font face="Arial"><font size=-1>INDEED. BUT, AS IS TYPICAL IN PROSPECTIVE
MEDICAL RESEARCH, THE NUMBER OF POSITIVE CASES WAS PROBABLY QUITE SMALL.
SO, FOR INSTANCE, IF 9 OF THE SUBJECTS IN THE IN THE PLACEBO GROUP
BECAME INFECTED COMPARED TO ONLY 2 IN THE "VACCINE" GROUP, THAT WOULD BE
A DECREASE OF 78%, BUT PROBABLY NOT A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE.</font></font>
<p>Regards,
<br>--
<br>Christopher D. Green
<br>Department of Psychology
<br>York University
<br>Toronto, Ontario, Canada
<br>M3J 1P3
<p>phone: 416-736-5115 ext.66164
<br>fax: 416-736-5814
<br>e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
<br><A HREF=""http://www.yorku.ca/christo/" ?>http://www.yorku.ca/christo/">http://www.yorku.ca/christo/</A>
<br> </html>
--------------73BDB9A6315E4FDC9010C6AF--
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Subject: Fred Rogers
From: John Serafin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 22:04:10 -0500
X-Message-Number: 21
Although he certainly would not be classified as a psychologist, I mourn the
passing of Mr. Rogers. I watched him as a kid; my children watched him; I
hope my grandkids will have the chance to watch him as well. Pretty much the
nicest person I have ever had the pleasure to meet.
With his passing, this may be the wrong time to ask this: But what is the
opinion of Mr. Rogers (and his show) among the child development contingent
here? I don't recall ever seeing any comment about him before on this list.
John
--
John Serafin
Psychology Department
Saint Vincent College
Latrobe, PA 15650
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Re: Fred Rogers
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 22:07:24 EST
X-Message-Number: 22
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I was thinking of mentioning this to the group this morning. I think he was a
great person. He was kind enough to answer a short, complimentary letter that
I sent to him about 10 years ago. I wish my daughter could group up with him
as I did.
Nancy Melucci
Long Beach City College
Long Beach, CA
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<HTML><FONT FACE=3Darial,helvetica><FONT SIZE=3D4 FAMILY=3D"SERIF" FACE=3D"=
Bookman Old Style" LANG=3D"0">I was thinking of mentioning this to the group=
this morning. I think he was a great person. He was kind enough to answer a=
short, complimentary letter that I sent to him about 10 years ago. I wish m=
y daughter could group up with him as I did.<BR>
<BR>
Nancy Melucci<BR>
Long Beach City College<BR>
Long Beach, CA</FONT></HTML>
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Subject: Re: Fred Rogers
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 22:11:32 EST
X-Message-Number: 23
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I am much more tired and sick than I though...
"I wish my daughter could group up with him as I did."
have grown up with him...
Nancy Melucci
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<HTML><FONT FACE=3Darial,helvetica><FONT SIZE=3D4 FAMILY=3D"SERIF" FACE=3D"=
Bookman Old Style" LANG=3D"0">I am much more tired and sick than I though...=
<BR>
<BR>
"I wish my daughter could group up with him as I did."<BR>
<BR>
have grown up with him...<BR>
<BR>
Nancy Melucci<BR>
</FONT><FONT COLOR=3D"#000000" #ffffff" SIZE=3D3=
FAMILY=3D"SANSSERIF" FACE=3D"arial" LANG=3D"0"><BR>
</FONT></HTML>
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