Ron,
Welcome back!  We oldtimers have missed you.  (Or were you lurking?  No
worries...whatever, we're glad you're back.)
Beth Benoit
Plymouth State University
Granite State College
New Hampshire

On Dec 17, 2007 3:10 PM, Ronald C. Blue <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

>
> Sorry I could not find the orginal source but the following is related
> dealing with the paradoxial release of three neurotransmitters at the same
> time.
>
> >>>>>>>>>>>
>
> "Two distinct pools of synaptic vesicles appear to be involved in the
> spontaneous release of neurotransmitters and in neurotransmission triggered
> by a stimulus, researchers report in *Neuron *this week. Their findings
> raise questions about a fundamental theory of neurotransmission developed
> by Bernard Katz. "
>
> "According to Levitan and Kaczmarek (The Neuron, 3rd Ed, Oxford,
> 2002, p. 250):
>    There is now convincing histochemical evidence that some
>     neurons contain one or more neuropeptides and a classical
>     neurotransmitter, packaged in different vesicles but often present
>     in the same synaptic terminal. ... In several cases it has been
>     been found that only the classical transmitter is released by
>     low-frequency stimulation, and corelease of the peptide
>     requires short bursts of high-frequency stimulation.  ... The
>     coexistence of different neurotransmitters in distinct vesicle
>     populations within a single neuron allows that neuron to
>     produce different effects on a postsynaptic target, depending
>     on the precise pattern of stimulation."
>
>
> Ron Blue
> LCCC
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
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> Bill Southerly ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
>
>

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