Philosophically this issue is more important.  Does "random" just 
mean ignorance of the mechanisms involved in determining the outcome (and 
ignorance of the current states of those mechanisms).  In the absence of 
ignorance, would anything be random?

Cheers,
[Karl L. Wuensch]<http://core.ecu.edu/psyc/wuenschk/klw.htm>
From: Jeffry Ricker, Ph.D. [mailto:[email protected]]
Sent: Sunday, March 01, 2015 3:37 PM
To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences (TIPS)
Subject: Re: [tips] Are coin tosses random?










On Feb 28, 2015, at 6:28 PM, Jim Clark 
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:


One lesson I take away from Jeff`s original post (i.e., that even a simple coin 
toss probability is a challenge to determine) is that we should not worry too 
much by such minutia as whether all the abstract assumptions for statistical 
tests are met. The real world is so messy that such contributions to the 
correctness of our conclusions are probably minimal and in an uncertain 
direction.

Yes, that's an excellent point. I also was thinking about several other issues 
that these studies might help to clarify for students.

One is the issue of internal versus external validity (and yes, ecological 
validity also could be mentioned, although that isn't what concerns me with 
coin tossing).

Based on what I was able to understand of their conclusions, both groups of 
researchers seemed to be stating that their findings had high internal 
validity, but they didn't think they would generalize to the types of 
situations in which coins typically are tossed.

I thought this would be an easy-to-understand example to use when I discuss 
validity-as long as I leave the math out!!!

Best,


--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jeffry Ricker, Ph.D.
Professor of Psychology
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scottsdale Community College
9000 E. Chaparral Road
Scottsdale, AZ 85256-2626
Office: SB-123
Phone: (480) 423-6213
Fax: (480) 423-6298


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