Brian, 

 My understanding is that each pulse is of equal cost, and that 
they come in increasing repetitive frequency based on the toll 
rate for the call.  

 I believe there is a 3 second (common) delay upon call establishment 
(to allow modem handshaking?) before the first pulse, which coincides 
with the satelite delay from the US to Europe (so you hear the first 
pulse - instead of the person saying hello).  

 The pulses that I'm familiar with would trigger a mechanical 
pulse meter for billing purposes.  I don't know what else they might 
be using now though.  You should check with the Swiss, German, 
and Austria PTT's at least.  

 I hope this helped a little.  

 Best regards, 

 Stephen C. Phillips 
 Telecom Engineer 
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 All opinions expressed are my own, not necessarily those of Cisco Systems. 

----- Begin Included Message -----

>From [email protected] Thu Jul 25 09:52:51 1996
To: [email protected]
From: Brian Weppler <[email protected]>
Subject: Pulse Metering.

In some European contries, 12KHZ or 16KHZ pulse metering is used. I am
designing a piece of equipment that will actually generate these pulses to a
local PBX. 

Does anyone know how these pulses relate to actual charges. 
  Is each pulse of equal cost?
  Do they have things like "Initial Period" and "Additional Period" ?
  I assume they bill in advance, so does the first pulse come immediately
after connection?
  If the "Initial Period" is 2 minutes, would they get 2 or 3 or 5 pulses
one right after the other after connection?

Any help would be appreciated!!!!

Regards...

======================================
Brian Weppler                    [email protected]
Voice : 905-824-2760              FAX   : 905-824-1861

----- End Included Message -----

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