You can:
1 - Install the deb corresponding to the newest version (but it may depend on
unavailable python packages).
2 - Download it from the github already compiled :
https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/raw/master/youtube-dl
and then just to this :
sudo chmod +x /home/user/Downloads/youtube-dl
sudo mv /home/user/Downloads/youtube-dl /usr/bin/youtube-dl
And you are good to go.
PS: I've noticed that the older versions of youtube-dl could be open with a
text editor but now anymore.. Don't know if it was a choice of compiling or a
license change but I'm more about to believe in the first one since I don't
see any change in the license.