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Hi g,
I've jotted a few thoughts pertaining to your
question as to my understanding of "forgiveness" in the NT. Please
enjoy:
I believe forgiveness of humanity
is a present reality in Christ Jesus. There is no one living today who is not
living in a state of ontological forgiveness (I use the term ontological to
distinguish between our status in Christ and the practical application of that
status in existential confession of sin). I believe further that redemption
(2Pet 2.1), reconciliation (2Cor 5.18-19; Rom 5.10), restoration (i.e.,
recapitulation: Eph 1.10), justification (Rom 5.18), and atonement (1Joh
2.2; 2Cor 5.14), are a fait accompli in Christ Jesus, the One for the many (Rom
.15-21), the living God, who is the savior of all humans, especially those who
believe (1Tim 4.10). Hence I also believe that salvation is not just an
eschatological possibility with contingencies resting upon human shoulders,
it is reality right here, right now, for us all.
Those who believe in Jesus Christ respond to
him by faith, whereby they are sealed with the Holy Spirit and will never see
destruction (Eph 1.13ff; 4.30; 2Cor 1.21-22; Joh 5.24; Rom 8.1; 8.38-39; 1Joh
5.13). Those who do not believe fall into more than one category: those who
cannot believe (infants and certain mentally disabled); those who could believe
but have not heard; those who could believe but have not yet committed
themselves to him by faith; and those who have heard, could believe, but
are passionately rejecting the present witness of the Holy Spirit to Christ.
This last group, if they should die in their denial, commit that sin for which
there is no forgiveness -- which makes sense when one considers that
they are refusing not only the one who has forgiven them, but the only one who
can ultimately forgive them their sins; in denial they sever themselves
from their Savior. The "unpardonable" aspect of this sin, however, is
actually realized in the eschaton and not in this life -- hence what I
understood you to be saying with the words, "one's denial of the presence of
the future in history is precisely one's denial of Christ present to
forgive him now in the person of the Holy Spirit."
And so, what about the fait accompli from above: Do
these people remain in a state of redemption, etc., throughout their
lifetime? Yes, I believe they do. These are those who are represented by
the older brother in the parable of the prodigal son. Although
the inheritance is fully theirs, and at their Father's request they could
join the party at any time, they stand within earshot of the celebration
refusing to participate. Should they die out there in the cold, then, it will
not be because they were not sons (and daughters) of God by way of adoption in
Christ; it will be because they refused to participate in the "dance." They are
his children but refuse to act as such.
Moreover, the fact that there is resurrection for
everyone (1Cor 15.21-22) is, in my opinion, the
strongest evidence for this fait accompli. When Jesus died he changed the
nature of death for everyone. All are included in his death and all are included
in his resurrection. As Representative Man, he is all things for all people.
What he did in his person, he did for all persons, the One for the many; the
many in the One. All are included in him (Rom 5.10ff; Col 1.17; Eph 1.10;
1Joh 2.2).
This, then, is the context for contemplating
the "second death" on the other side of resurrection. The first death is on
Christ, so to speak, in that he picks up the cost of that one -- great
news, too, because there is resurrection! But there is no "sacrifice" to
cover a blatant refusal of him (cf. Heb 6, no one can crucify again
the Son of God); hence there is no pardon for the sin of rejection. And
sin, whether in this lifetime or the next, only produces one thing and that is
death (I will get into this further in my response to DaveH). To paraphrase what
Jesus was saying, every sin that humans commit will be forgiven them (an act
which has taken place in his passion), except the sin of rejecting the One
who will die to effectuate the forgiveness of their sins (as
attested to by the Holy Spirit). To reject Christ is to reject the One in whom
there is forgiveness. And to do it unto death, is to have your name
"blotted out" of the Lamb's book of life (Rev 3.5). There is therefore a second
death which awaits those who have rejected him and have died in that state. In
resurrected bodies they will be confronted by the consequence of that sin
-- and this without a "Savior." Hence they will meet death again; this time
picking up their own tab.
Bill
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